MAX-M8_技术文档

MAX-M8

u-blox M8 concurrent GNSS modules

Data Sheet

Highlights

·

Concurrent reception of up to 3 GNSS (GPS, Galileo, GLONASS, BeiDou)

Industry leading -167 dBm navigation sensitivity

Product variants to meet performance and cost requirements

Miniature LCC package

Superior anti-spoofing and anti-jamming

Pin-compatible with the MAX-7 and MAX-6

w w w .u-blox.com

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MAX-M8 - Data Sheet

Document Information

Title

MAX-M8

Subtitle

u-blox M8 concurrent GNSS modules

Data Sheet

Document type

Document number

Revision and Date

Document status

UBX-15031506

R02

15-Aug-2016

Production Information

Document status explanation

Objective Specification

Document contains target values. Revised and supplementary data will be published later.

Document contains data based on early testing. Revised and supplementary data will be published later.

Document contains data from product verification. Revised and supplementary data may be published later.

Document contains the final product specification.

Advance Information

Early Production Information

Production Information

This document applies to the follow ing products:

Product name

Type number

ROM/FLASH version

PCN reference

MAX-M8C

MAX-M8Q

MAX-M8W

MAX-M8C-0-10

MAX-M8Q-0-10

MAX-M8W-0-10

ROM SPG 3.01

UBX-16013125

u-blox reserves all rights to this document and the information contained herein. Products, names, logos and designs described herein

may in whole or in part be subject to intellectual property rights. Reproduction, use, modification or disclosure to third parties of this

document or any part thereof without the express permission of u-blox is strictly prohibited.

The information contained herein is provided “as is” and u-blox assumes no liability for the use of the information. No warranty, either

express or implied, is given, including but not limited, with respect to the accuracy, correctness, reliability and fitness for a particular

purpose of the information. This document may be revised by u-blox at any time. For most recent documents, visit www.u-blox.com.

u-blox^®is a registered trademark of u-blox Holding AG in the EU and other countries. ARM^®is the registered trademark of ARM Limited in

the EU and other countries.

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MAX-M8 - Data Sheet

Contents

Contents..............................................................................................................................3

1

Description....................................................................................................................5

1.1

Overview .............................................................................................................................................. 5

Product features ................................................................................................................................... 5

GNSS performance ............................................................................................................................... 6

Block diagram....................................................................................................................................... 7

Supported GNSS Constellations............................................................................................................ 7

1.2

1.3

1.4

1.5

1.5.1

1.5.2

GPS............................................................................................................................................... 7

GLONASS...................................................................................................................................... 8

BeiDou .......................................................................................................................................... 8

Galileo........................................................................................................................................... 8

1.5.3

1.5.4

1.6

1.6.1

1.6.2

1.6.3

1.7

1.7.1

1.7.2

Assisted GNSS (A-GNSS) ....................................................................................................................... 8

AssistNow^TMOnline........................................................................................................................ 8

AssistNow^TMOffline ....................................................................................................................... 8

AssistNow^TMAutonomous.............................................................................................................. 9

Augmentation Systems......................................................................................................................... 9

Satellite-Based Augmentation System (SBAS)................................................................................. 9

QZSS ............................................................................................................................................. 9

IMES.............................................................................................................................................. 9

Differential GPS (D-GPS)................................................................................................................ 9

1.7.3

1.7.4

1.8

Odometer........................................................................................................................................... 10

Geofencing......................................................................................................................................... 10

Message Integrity Protection ........................................................................................................... 10

Spoofing Detection ......................................................................................................................... 10

Broadcast Navigation Data .............................................................................................................. 10

EXTINT: External interrupt ............................................................................................................... 11

1.9

1.10

1.11

1.12

1.13

1.13.1 Pin Control.................................................................................................................................. 11

1.13.2 Aiding ......................................................................................................................................... 11

1.14

TIMEPULSE...................................................................................................................................... 11

Protocols and interfaces.................................................................................................................. 11

Interfaces........................................................................................................................................ 11

1.15

1.16

1.16.1 UART........................................................................................................................................... 11

1.16.2 Display Data Channel (DDC)........................................................................................................ 12

1.17

Clock generation ............................................................................................................................ 12

1.17.1 Oscillators.................................................................................................................................... 12

1.17.2 Real-Time Clock (RTC) ................................................................................................................. 12

1.18

Power management........................................................................................................................ 12

1.18.1 DC/DC converter ......................................................................................................................... 12

1.18.2 Power Mode Setup...................................................................................................................... 12

1.19

Antenna.......................................................................................................................................... 13

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1.19.1 Active antenna control (LNA_EN)................................................................................................. 13

1.19.2 Antenna supervisor and short circuit detection ............................................................................ 13

1.20

Configuration management............................................................................................................ 14

2

3

Pin Definition..............................................................................................................15

2.1

Pin assignment ................................................................................................................................... 15

2.2

Pin name changes............................................................................................................................... 16

Electrical specification ................................................................................................17

3.1

Absolute maximum rating .................................................................................................................. 17

Operating conditions .......................................................................................................................... 18

Indicative current requirements........................................................................................................... 19

3.2

3.3

4

5

Mechanical specifications ..........................................................................................20

Reliability tests and approvals ..................................................................................21

5.1

Reliability tests.................................................................................................................................... 21

5.2

Approvals ........................................................................................................................................... 21

6

Product handling & soldering ....................................................................................22

6.1

6.1.1

6.1.2

6.2

6.2.1

6.2.2

6.2.3

Packaging........................................................................................................................................... 22

Reels ........................................................................................................................................... 22

Tapes .......................................................................................................................................... 22

Shipment, storage and handling ......................................................................................................... 23

Moisture Sensitivity Levels ........................................................................................................... 23

Reflow soldering ......................................................................................................................... 23

ESD handling precautions............................................................................................................ 24

7

8

Default messages .......................................................................................................25

Labeling and ordering information...........................................................................26

8.1

Product labeling.................................................................................................................................. 26

Explanation of codes........................................................................................................................... 26

Ordering codes................................................................................................................................... 26

8.2

8.3

Related documents...........................................................................................................27

Revision history ................................................................................................................27

Contact ..............................................................................................................................28

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MAX-M8 - Data Sheet

1 Description

1.1 Overview

The MAX-M8 series of concurrent GNSS modules are built on the high performing u-blox M8 GNSS engine in

the industry proven MAX form factor.

The modules can concurrently receive up to three GNSS systems (GPS/Galileo) together with BeiDou or

GLONASS). The MAX-M8 modules recognize multiple constellations simultaneously and provide outstanding

positioning accuracy in scenarios with urban canyon or weak signals. The modules offer high performance even

at low power consumption levels. For even better and faster positioning improvement, the MAX-M8 modules

support augmentation of QZSS and IMES together with WAAS, EGNOS, MSAS, GAGAN.

The MAX-M8 modules support message integrity protection, Geofencing, and spoofing detection with

configurable interface settings to easily fit to customer applications. The MAX form factor allows easy migration

from previous MAX generations.

u-blox MAX-M8 modules use GNSS chips qualified according to AEC-Q100, are manufactured in ISO/TS 16949

certified sites, and fully tested on a system level. Qualification tests are performed as stipulated in the ISO16750

standard: “Road vehicles – Environmental conditions and testing for electrical and electronic equipment”.

MAX-M8 modules are available in three product variants:

·

MAX-M8C is optimized for cost sensitive applications and has the lowest power consumption.

MAX-M8Q provides best performance for passive and active antennas designs. It is also halogen free

(green) which makes it perfectly suited for consumer applications.

·

MAX-M8W provides best performance and is optimized for active antennas.

The modules combine a high level of integration capability with flexible connectivity options in a miniature

2

package. This makes it perfectly suited for industrial applications with strict size and cost requirements. The I C

compatible DDC interface provides connectivity and enables synergies with most u-blox cellular modules.

The u-blox MAX-M8 modules can also benefit from the u-blox AssistNow assistance service. The Online service

provides GNNS broadcast parameters, e.g. ephemeris, almanac plus time or rough position to reduce the

receiver’s time to first fix significantly and improve acquisition sensitivity. The extended validity of AssistNow

Offline data (up to 35 days) and AssistNow Autonomous data (up to 3 days) provide faster acquisition after a

long off time.

See section 1.6 for more information concerning the MAX-M8 related AssistNow Assistance.

1.2 Product features

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MAX-M8 - Data Sheet

1.3 GNSS performance

Parameter

Specification

Receiver type

72-channel u-blox M8 engine

GPS L1C/A, SBAS L1C/A, QZSS L1C/A, QZSS L1 SAIF, GLONASS L1OF, BeiDou B1I, Galileo E1B/C

Velocity accuracy ¹

Heading accuracy ¹

0.05 m/s

0.3 degrees

Accuracy of time pulse signal

RMS

99%

30 ns

60 ns

Frequency of time pulse signal

Operational limits ²

0.25 Hz…10 MHz (configurable)

Dynamics

Altitude

Velocity

£ 4 g

50,000 m

500 m/s

GPS &

GLONASS

2.5 m

10 Hz

26 s

MAX-M8Q/W

GNSS

GPS

GLONASS

BEIDOU

GALILEO

Horizontal position accuracy³

Max navigation update rate⁵

Time-To-First-Fix ⁶

2.5 m

18 Hz

29 s

1 s

4 m

18 Hz

30 s

1 s

3 m

18 Hz

34 s

1 s

TBC⁴

18 Hz

45 s

1 s

Cold start

Hot start

1 s

Aided starts ⁷

2 s

3 s

7 s

Sensitivity ⁸

Tracking &

Navigation

–167 dBm

–166 dBm

–160dBm

–159dBm

Reacquisition

Cold start

Hot start

–160 dBm

–148 dBm

–157 dBm

–160 dBm

–148 dBm

–157 dBm

–156 dBm

–145 dBm

–156 dBm

–157dBm

–143dBm

–155dBm

–153dBm

–138dBm

–151dBm

MAX-M8C

GPS &

GLONASS

GNSS

GPS

GLONASS

BEIDOU

GALILEO

Time-To-First-Fix ⁶

Cold start

Hot start

26 s

1 s

30 s

1 s

31 s

1 s

39 s

1 s

57 s

1 s

Aided starts ⁷

3 s

7 s

Sensitivity ⁸

Tracking &

Navigation

–164 dBm

–163 dBm

–160 dBm

–154 dBm

Reacquisition

Cold start

Hot start

–160 dBm

–148 dBm

–157 dBm

–159 dBm

–147 dBm

–156 dBm

–145 dBm

–155 dBm

–143 dBm

–155 dBm

–152 dBm

–133 dBm

–151 dBm

Table 1: MAX-M8 indicative performance in different GNSS modes (default: concurrent reception of GPS & GLONASS incl. QZSS,

SBAS)

1

50% @ 30 m/s

2

Assuming Airborne < 4 g platform

3

CEP, 50% , 24 hours static, -130 dBm, > 6 SVs

4

To be confirmed when Galileo reaches full operational capability

5

Rates with SBAS and QZSS enabled for > 98% fix report rate under typical conditions

6

All satellites at -130 dBm, except Galileo at -127 dBm

7

Dependent on aiding data connection speed and latency

8

Demonstrated with a good external LNA

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1.4 Block diagram

Figure 1: MAX-M8 block diagram

1.5 Supported GNSS Constellations

The MAX-M8 GNSS modules are concurrent GNSS receivers that can receive and track multiple GNSS systems:

GPS, Galileo, GLONASS and BeiDou. Owing to the dual-frequency RF front-end architecture, either GLONASS or

BeiDou can be processed concurrently with GPS and Galileo signals providing reception of three GNSS systems.

By default the M8 receivers are configured for concurrent GPS and GLONASS, including SBAS and QZSS

reception. If power consumption is a key factor, then the receiver should be configured for a single GNSS

operation using GPS, Galileo, GLONASS or BeiDou and disabling QZSS and SBAS. QZSS, IMES and SBAS, GAGAN

augmentation systems share the same frequency band as GPS and can always be processed in conjunction with

GPS.

The module can be configured to receive any single GNSS constellation or within the set of permissible

combinations shown below.

GPS

Galileo

GLONASS

BeiDou

•

–

•

–

•

–

•

–

•

–

•

–

•

–

•

–

•

–

•

Table 2 Permissible GNSS combinations (• = enabled)

The augmentation systems: SBAS and QZSS can be enabled only if GPS operation is configured.

Galileo is not enabled as the default configuration.

1.5.1 GPS

The MAX-M8 positioning modules are designed to receive and track the L1C/A signals provided at 1575.42 MHz

by the Global Positioning System (GPS). The MAX-M8 series can receive and process GPS concurrently with

GLONASS or BeiDou.

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1.5.2 GLONASS

The MAX-M8 modules can receive and process GLONASS concurrently with GPS or BeiDou. The Russian

GLONASS satellite system is an alternative system to the US-based Global Positioning System (GPS). u-blox MAX-

M8 positioning modules are designed to receive and track the L1OF signals GLONASS provided at 1602 MHz +

k*562.5 kHz, where k is the satellite’s frequency channel number (k = –7,..., 5, 6). The ability to receive and

track GLONASS L1OF satellite signals allows design of GLONASS receivers where required by regulations.

To take advantage of GPS and GLONASS, dedicated hardware preparation must be made during the design-in

phase. See the u-blox 8 / u-blox M8 Receiver Description Including Protocol Specification [2] for u-blox design

recommendations.

1.5.3 BeiDou

The MAX-M8 modules can receive and process the B1I signals broadcast at 1561.098 MHz from the BeiDou

Navigation Satellite System. The ability to receive and track BeiDou signals in conjunction with another

constellation results in higher coverage, improved reliability and better accuracy. Currently, BeiDou is not fully

operational globally and provides Chinese regional coverage only. Global coverage is scheduled for 2020.

1.5.4 Galileo

The MAX-M8 positioning modules can receive and track the E1-B/C signals centered on the GPS L1 frequency

band. GPS and Galileo signals can be processed concurrently together with either BeiDou or GLONASS signals,

enhancing coverage, reliability and accuracy. The SAR return link message (RLM) parameters for both short and

long versions are decoded by the receiver and made available to users via UBX proprietary messages.

Galileo has been implemented according to ICD release 1.2 (November 2015) and verified with live signals

from the Galileo in-orbit validation campaign. Since the Galileo satellite system has not yet reached Initial

(IOC) nor Full Operational Capability (FOC), changes to the Galileo signal specification (OS SIS ICD) remain

theoretically possible.

Galileo reception is by default disabled, but can be enabled by sending a configuration message (UBX-

CFG-GNSS) to the receiver. See the u-blox 8 / u-blox M8 Receiver Description Including Protocol

Specification [2] for more information.

1.6 Assisted GNSS (A-GNSS)

Supply of aiding information, such as ephemeris, almanac, rough last position and time, will reduce the time to

first fix significantly and improve the acquisition sensitivity. All u-blox M8030 based products support the u-blox

AssistNow Online and AssistNow Offline A-GNSS services, support AssistNow Autonomous, and are OMA SUPL

compliant.

1.6.1 AssistNow ^TMOnline

With AssistNow Online, an internet-connected GNSS device downloads assistance data from the u-blox

AssistNow Online Service at system start-up. AssistNow Online is network operator independent and globally

available. u-blox only sends ephemeris data for those satellites currently visible to the device requesting the data,

thus minimizing the amount of data transferred.

Supply of aiding information, such as ephemeris, almanac, rough last position and time, will reduce the time to

first fix significantly and improve the acquisition sensitivity.

The AssistNow Online service provides data for GPS, GLONASS, BeiDou, Galileo and QZSS

1.6.2 AssistNow ^TMOffline

With AssistNow Offline, users download u-blox’s long-term orbit data from the Internet at their convenience.

The orbit data must be stored in the memory of the application processor. Thus the service requires no

connectivity at system start-up and enables a position fix within seconds, even when no network is available.

AssistNow Offline offers augmentation for up to 35 days.

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AssistNow Offline service provides data for GPS and GLONASS only, BeiDou and Galileo are not currently

supported.

1.6.3 AssistNow ^TMAutonomous

AssistNow Autonomous provides aiding information without the need for a host or external network

connection. Based on previous broadcast satellite ephemeris data downloaded to and stored by the GNSS

receiver, AssistNow Autonomous automatically generates accurate predictions of satellite orbital data

(“AssistNow Autonomous data”) that is usable for future GNSS position fixes. The concept capitalizes on the

periodic nature of GNSS satellites; by capturing strategic ephemeris data at specific times of the day, the receiver

can predict accurate satellite ephemeris for up to 3 days after initial reception.

u-blox’s AssistNow Autonomous benefits are:

·

Faster fix in situations where GNSS satellite signals are weak

No connectivity required

Compatible with AssistNow Online and Offline (can work stand-alone, or in tandem with these services)

No integration effort; calculations are done in the background, transparent to the user.

u-blox M8 ROM-based receivers, such as the MAX-M8 series, can use AssistNow Autonomous to calculate

GPS only orbit predictions for up to 3 days. For best AssistNow Autonomous performance, it is

recommended to use u-blox M8 flash-based receivers.

For more details see the u-blox 8 / u-blox M8 Receiver Description Including Protocol Specification [2]

1.7 Augmentation Systems

1.7.1 Satellite-Based Augmentation System (SBAS)

u-blox M8 positioning modules support SBAS. These systems supplement GPS data with additional regional or

wide area GPS augmentation data. The system broadcasts augmentation data via satellite and this information

can be used by GNSS receivers to improve the resulting precision. SBAS satellites can be used as additional

satellites for ranging (navigation), further enhancing precision and availability. The following SBAS types are

supported with u-blox M8: GAGAN, WAAS, EGNOS and MSAS.

For more details see the u-blox 8 / u-blox M8 Receiver Description Including Protocol Specification [2].

1.7.2 QZSS

The Quasi-Zenith Satellite System (QZSS) is a regional navigation satellite system that transmits additional GPS

L1C/A signals for the Pacific region covering Japan and Australia. MAX-M8 positioning modules are able to

receive and track these signals concurrently with GPS signals, resulting in better availability especially under

challenging signal conditions, e.g. in urban canyons.

The L1- SAIF signal provided by QZSS can be enabled for reception via a GNSS configuration message.

1.7.3 IMES

The Japanese Indoor MEssaging System (IMES) system is used for indoor position reporting using low-power

transmitters which broadcast a GPS–like signal. MAX-M8 modules can be configured to receive and demodulate

the signal to provide an in-door location estimate.

This service is authorized and available only in Japan.

IMES reception is disabled by default

1.7.4 Differential GPS (D-GPS)

u-blox M8 receivers support Differential-GPS data according RTCM 10402.3: "RECOMMENDED STANDARDS

FOR DIFFERENTIAL GNSS". The use of Differential-GPS data improves GPS position accuracy. RTCM cannot be

used together with SBAS. The RTCM implementation supports the following RTCM 2.3 messages:

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MAX-M8 - Data Sheet

Message Type

Description

1

2

3

9

Differential GPS Corrections

Delta Differential GPS Corrections

GPS Reference Station Parameters

GPS Partial Correction Set

Table 3: Supported RTCM 2.3 messages

For more details see the u-blox 8 / u-blox M8 Receiver Description Including Protocol Specification [2].

RTCM corrections cannot be used together with SBAS.

1.8 Odometer

The odometer provides information on travelled ground distance (in meter) using solely the position and

Doppler-based velocity of the navigation solution. For each computed travelled distance since the last odometer

reset, the odometer estimates a 1-sigma accuracy value. The total cumulative ground distance is maintained and

saved in the BBR memory.

The odometer feature is disabled by default. For more details see the u-blox 8 / u-blox M8 Receiver

Description Including Protocol Specification [2].

1.9 Geofencing

The u-blox MAX-M8 modules support up to four circular Geofencing areas defined on the Earth’s surface using

a 2D model. Geofencing is active when at least one Geofence is defined, the current status can be found by

polling the receiver.

1.10 Message Integrity Protection

The MAX-M8 modules provide a function to prevent a third party interfering with the UBX message steam sent

from receiver to host. The security mechanism essentially ‘signs’ nominated messages with a following message

containing an md5 generated hash of the nominated message. This message signature is then compared with

one generated by the host to determine if the message data has been altered. The hash algorithm seed can use

one fixed secret ID-key set by eFuse in production or a dynamic ID-key set by host enabling users to detect ‘Man-

in-the-middle’ style attacks.

1.11 Spoofing Detection

Spoofing is a process whereby a malicious third party tries to control the reported position via a ‘fake’ GNSS

broadcast signal. This may result in the form of reporting incorrect position, velocity or time. To combat against

this the MAX-M8 modules include anti-spoofing measures to alert the host when signals appear to be

suspicious. The receiver combines a number of checks on the received signals looking for inconsistencies across

several parameters.

This feature does not guarantee detection of all spoofing attacks

1.12 Broadcast Navigation Data

The MAX-M8 can output all the GNSS broadcast data upon reception from tracked satellites. This includes all

the supported GNSS signals plus the augmentation services SBAS, QZSS and IMES. The receiver also makes

available the tracked satellite signal information, i.e. raw code phase and Doppler measurements in a form

aligned to the ETSI mobile cellular location services protocol (RRLP) [6]. For more details see the u-blox 8 / u-blox

M8 Receiver Description Including Protocol Specification [2].

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1.13 EXTINT: External interrupt

EXTINT is an external interrupt pin with fixed input voltage thresholds with respect to VCC_IO. It can be used

for control of the receiver or for aiding.

For more information on how to implement and configure these features see the u-blox 8 / u-blox M8 Receiver

Description including Protocol Specification [2] and the MAX-8 / MAX-M8 Hardware Integration Manual [1].

1.13.1 Pin Control

The pin control feature allows overriding the automatic active/inactive cycle of Power Save Mode. The state of

the receiver can be controlled through the EXTINT pin. The receiver can also be turned off and sent into Backup

Mode using EXTINT when Power Save Mode is not active.

1.13.2 Aiding

The EXTINT pin can be used to supply time or frequency aiding data to the receiver.

For time aiding, hardware time synchronization can be achieved by connecting an accurate time pulse to the

EXTINT pin.

Frequency aiding can be implemented by connecting a periodic rectangular signal with a frequency up to 500

kHz and arbitrary duty cycle (low/high phase duration must not be shorter than 50 ns) to the EXTINT pin, and

providing the applied frequency value to the receiver using UBX messages.

1.14 TIMEPULSE

A configurable time pulse signal is available with all u-blox M8 modules.

The TIMEPULSE output generates pulse trains synchronized with a GNSS or UTC time grid, with intervals

configurable over a wide frequency range. Thus it may be used as a low frequency time synchronization pulse or

as a high frequency reference signal.

By default the time pulse signal is configured to 1 pulse per second. For more information see the u-blox 8 /

u-blox M8 Receiver Description Including Protocol Specification [2].

1.15 Protocols and interfaces

Protocol

Type

NMEA 0183, version 4.0 (V2.1, V2.3 or V4.1

configurable)

Input/output, ASCII

UBX

Input/output, binary, u-blox proprietary

Input, message 1, 2, 3, 9

RTCM

Table 4: Available Protocols

2

All protocols are available on UART and DDC (I C compliant). For specification of the various protocols see the

u-blox 8 / u-blox M8 Receiver Description Including Protocol Specification [2].

1.16 Interfaces

A number of interfaces are provided either for data communication or memory access. The embedded firmware

uses these interfaces according to their respective protocol specifications.

1.16.1 UART

MAX-M8 modules include one UART interface, which can be used for communication to a host. It supports

configurable baud rates. For supported baud rates see the u-blox 8 / u-blox M8 Receiver Description Including

Protocol Specification [2].

Designs must allow access to the UART and the SAFEBOOT_N function pin for future service, updates

and reconfiguration.

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1.16.2 Display Data Channel (DDC)

2

An I C compliant DDC interface is available for communication with an external host CPU or u-blox cellular

modules. The interface can be operated in slave mode only. The DDC protocol and electrical interface are fully

2

compatible with the Fast-Mode of the I C industry standard. Since the maximum SCL clock frequency is 400 kHz,

the maximum transfer rate is 400 kb/s.

2

The DDC interface is I C Fast Mode compliant. For timing parameters consult the I C standard.

The maximum bit rate is 400 kb/s. The interface stretches the clock when slowed down while serving

interrupts, so real bit rates may be slightly lower.

1.17 Clock generation

1.17.1 Oscillators

MAX-M8 concurrent GNSS modules are available in Crystal and TCXO versions. The TCXO option allows

accelerated weak signal acquisition, enabling faster start and reacquisition times.

1.17.2 Real-Time Clock (RTC)

The RTC is driven by a 32 kHz oscillator, which makes use of an RTC crystal. If the main supply voltage fails and a

battery is connected to V_BCKP, parts of the receiver switch off, but the RTC still runs providing a timing

reference for the receiver. This operating mode is called Hardware Backup Mode, which enables all relevant data

to be saved in the backup RAM to allow a hot or warm start later.

With MAX-M8C in Hardware Backup Mode, the main oscillator is used as timing reference instead of the 32 kHz

oscillator. The MAX-M8C applies single crystal mode, where the 26 MHz crystal oscillator can also be used to

provide a frequency reference to the RTC without using an additional crystal for the RTC. This makes MAX-M8C

a more cost efficient solution at the expense of a higher backup current.

For more information see the MAX-8 / MAX-M8 Hardware Integration Manual [1]

1.18 Pow er management

u-blox M8 technology offers a power optimized architecture with built-in autonomous power saving functions to

minimize power consumption at any given time. Furthermore, the receiver can be used in two operating modes:

Continuous mode for best performance or Power Save Mode for optimized power consumption respectively. In

addition, a high efficiency DC/DC converter is integrated to allow low power consumption even for higher main

supply voltages.

1.18.1 DC/DC converter

MAX-M8Q and MAX-M8C modules integrate a DC/DC converter, allowing reduced power consumption by up

to 50% .

For more information see the MAX-8 / MAX-M8 Hardware Integration Manual [1]

1.18.2 Pow er Mode Setup

u-blox M8 modules can be configured to run in either continuous or a choice of Power Save mode

configurations. A template of power mode settings can be used to easily select typical power mode setups to

cover the majority of users’ requirements.

·

Continuous (default) mode for best GNSS performance vs power consumption

A 1Hz cyclic tracking mode for aggressive power reduction

Choice of 2 or 4 Hz⁹cyclic tracking modes for typical wearable applications

ON/OFF interval mode

9

Single GNSS constellation configuration only

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MAX-M8 - Data Sheet

1.18.2.1 Continuous Mode

Continuous Mode uses the acquisition engine at full performance, resulting in the shortest possible TTFF and the

highest sensitivity. The receiver searches for all possible satellites until the almanac is completely downloaded.

The receiver then switches to the tracking engine to lower the power consumption.

Thus, a lower tracking current consumption level will be achieved when:

·

A valid GNSS position is obtained

The entire almanac has been downloaded

The ephemeris for each satellite in view is valid

1.18.2.2 Pow er Save Mode

For power sensitive applications, u-blox M8 receivers provide a Power Save Mode for reduced power

consumption.

Power Save Mode provides two dedicated methods, ON/OFF and Cyclic tracking, that reduce average current

consumption in different ways to match the needs of the specific application. These options can be set by using

a specific UBX message.

For more information about power management strategies, see the u-blox 8 / u-blox M8 Receiver

Description Including Protocol Specification [2].

1.19 Antenna

MAX-M8 modules are designed for use with passive¹⁰and active¹¹antennas.

Parameter

Specification

Antenna Type

Passive and active antenna

Minimum gain

15 dB (to compensate signal loss in RF cable)

Active Antenna Recommendations

Maximum gain

50dB

Maximum noise figure

1.5 dB

Table 5: Antenna Specifications for all MAX-M8 modules

1.19.1 Active antenna control (LNA_EN)

The LNA_EN Pin can be used to turn on and off an external LNA or an active antenna. This reduces power

consumption in Power Save Mode (Backup mode). This pin is available only on MAX-M8C and MAX-M8Q.

1.19.2 Antenna supervisor and short circuit detection

An antenna supervisor is available with MAX-M8W. The antenna supervisor enables the receiver to detect short

circuits (ANT_OK) at the active antenna and shut down the voltage bias immediately. A resistor is needed in

series with the V_ANT input to enable checking of the antenna bias voltage. UBX and NMEA messages are

provided to report the condition of the antenna supply. Open circuit detection can also be supported with an

additional external circuit.

Antenna open circuit detection (ANT_DET) can be mapped to PIO13 and requires external components

For more information see the MAX-8 / MAX-M8 Hardware Integration Manual [1]

10

For integration MAX-M8 modules with Cellular products, see the MAX-8 / MAX-M8 Hardware Integration Manual [1]

11

For information on using active antennas with MAX-M8 modules, see the MAX-8 / MAX-M8 Hardware Integration Manual [1].

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Description

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MAX-M8 - Data Sheet

1.20 Configuration management

Configuration settings can be modified with UBX configuration messages. The modified settings remain effective

until power-down or reset. If these settings have been stored in battery-backup RAM, then the modified

configuration will be retained, as long as the backup battery supply is not interrupted.

For more information about configuration management, see the u-blox 8 / u-blox M8 Receiver Description

Including Protocol Specification [2].

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Description

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MAX-M8 - Data Sheet

2 Pin Definition

2.1 Pin assignment

Figure 2: Pin Assignment

12

PIO Nr.

No

1

Module

Name

I/O

Description

All

GND

-

Ground

2

All

TXD

6

7

11

13

-

O

I

Serial Port

3

All

RXD

Serial Port

4

All

TIMEPULSE

EXTINT

V_BCKP

VCC_IO

VCC

O

I

Time pulse (1PPS)

External Interrupt Pin

Backup voltage supply

IO Supply Voltage

Supply voltage

RESET_N

5

All

6

All

7

All

-

8

All

-

9

All

RESET_N

GND

-

I

10

11

12

All

-

Ground

All

RF_IN

-

GNSS signal input

Ground

All

GND

-

MAX-M8C/Q

MAX-M8W

All

LNA_EN

Reserved

VCC_RF

V_ANT

Reserved

SDA

16

-

O

-

Antenna control

Reserved

13

14

15

-

Output Voltage RF section

Active Antenna Supply Voltage

Reserved

MAX-M8W

MAX-M8C/Q

All

-

16

17

18

9

8

-

I/O

I

DDC Data

All

SCL

DDC Clock

All

SAFEBOOT_N

SAFEBOOT_N (for reconfiguration, leave OPEN)

Table 6: Pinout

Antenna open circuit detection (ANT_DET) can be mapped to PIO13 and requires external components.

MAX-M8W does not have a dedicated ANT_DET pin. The ANT_DET pin can be made available on the

EXTINT pin. For more information see the MAX-8 / MAX-M8 Hardware Integration Manual [1]

Pins designated Reserved should not be used. For more information about Pinouts see the MAX-8 / MAX-

M8 Hardware Integration Manual [1].

12

Peripheral Input Output

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Pin Definition

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MAX-M8 - Data Sheet

2.2 Pin name changes

Selected pin names have been updated to agree with a common naming convention across u-blox modules. The

pins have not changed their operation and are the same physical hardware but with updated names. The table

below lists the pins that have changed name along with their old and new names.

No

13

5

Previous Name

ANT_ON

New name

LNA_EN

EXTINT0

EXTINT

18

Reserved

SAFEBOOT_N

Table 7: Pin name change list

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MAX-M8 - Data Sheet

3 Electrical specification

The limiting values given are in accordance with the Absolute Maximum Rating System (IEC 134). Stress

above one or more of the limiting values may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress

ratings only, and operation of the device at these or at any other conditions above those given in the

Characteristics sections of the specification is not implied. Exposure to these limits for extended periods

may affect device reliability.

Where application information is given, it is advisory only and does not form part of the specification. For

more information see the MAX-8 / MAX-M8 Hardware Integration Manual [1].

3.1 Absolute maximum rating

Parameter

Symbol

VCC, VCC_IO

V_BCKP

Vin

Module

All

Condition

Min

–0.5

Max

Units

V

Power supply voltage

Backup battery voltage

Input pin voltage

3.6

All

3.6

V

All

VCC_IO+0.5

10

V

DC current trough any digital I/O pin

(except supplies)

Ipin

mA

VCC_RF output current

Input power at RF_IN

ICC_RF

Prfin

All

100

15

mA

source

dBm

impedance = 50

W, continuous

wave

Antenna bias voltage

Antenna bias current

V_ANT

I_ANT

6

V

100

mA

MAX-M8C

–40

105

85

°C

Storage temperature

Tstg

MAX-M8Q/M8W

Table 8: Absolute maximum ratings

Stressing the device beyond the “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage.

These are stress ratings only. The product is not protected against overvoltage or reversed

voltages. If necessary, voltage spikes exceeding the pow er supply voltage specification, given in

table above, must be limited to values w ithin the specified boundaries by using appropriate

protection diodes.

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MAX-M8 - Data Sheet

3.2 Operating conditions

All specifications are at an ambient temperature of 25°C. Extreme operating temperatures can

significantly impact specification values. Applications operating near the temperature limits should be

tested to ensure the specification.

Unit

s

Parameter

Symbol

Module

Min

Typ

Max

Condition

Power supply voltage

VCC, VCC_IO

MAX-M8C

MAX-M8Q/W

All

1.65

2.7

3.0

3.6

V

Backup battery voltage

Backup battery current

V_BCKP

I_BCKP

1.4

V

MAX-M8Q/W

15

µA

V_BCKP = 3.0 V,

VCC = 0 V

MAX-M8C

100

µA

V_BCKP = 3.0 V,

VCC = 0 V

SW backup current

I_SWBCKP

MAX-M8Q/W

MAX-M8C

30

µA

VCC = 3.0 V

105

Input pin voltage range¹³

Vin

Vil

All

0

VCC_IO+0.5

0.2*VCC_IO

V

Digital IO Pin Low level input

voltage

Digital IO Pin High level input

voltage

Vih

All

2.7

0.7*VCC_IO

VCC_IO+0.5

0.4

V

Digital IO Pin Low level output

voltage

Vol

Voh

Rpu

V

Iol=4 mA

Ioh=4 mA

Digital IO Pin High level output

voltage

VCC_IO - 0.4

V

Pull-up resistor for RESET_N

(Internal)

11

kW

V_ANT antenna bias voltage

Antenna bias voltage drop

VCC_RF voltage

V_ANT

V_ANT_DROP

VCC_RF

ICC_RF

NFtot

5.5

V

I_ANT< –50 mA

0.1

V

ICC_RF =50 mA

All

VCC - 0.1

3.5

V

VCC_RF output current

50

85

mA

dB

°C

14

Receiver Chain Noise Figure

Operating temperature

Topr

–40

Table 9: Operating conditions

Operation beyond the specified operating conditions can affect device reliability.

13

14

If VCC or VCC_IO is 0V there should not be any voltage applied to any I/O (Including RESET_N)

Only valid for the GPS band

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MAX-M8 - Data Sheet

3.3 Indicative current requirements

Table 10 lists examples of the total system supply current for a possible application.

Values in Table 10 are provided for customer information only as an example of typical power

requirements. Values are characterized on samples. Actual power requirements can vary depending on

FW version used, external circuitry, number of SVs tracked, signal strength, type of start as well as time,

duration and conditions of test.

Typ

GPS &

Parameter

Symbol

Module

Max

Units

Condition

GPS / QZSS /

GLONASS/

SBAS

QZSS / SBAS

15

Max. supply current

Iccp

All

67

mA

Estimated at 3 V

MAX-M8C

MAX-M8W

MAX-M8Q

MAX-M8C

MAX-M8W

26

43

26

23

38

20

32

20

17

30

Icc Acquisition¹⁸

16, 17

Icc Tracking

(Continuous mode)

Average supply current

MAX-M8Q

MAX-M8C

MAX-M8W

MAX-M8Q

23

5.4

9.7

6.2

18

4.9

8.9

5.7

mA

Estimated at 3 V

Icc Tracking

(Power Save mode / 1 Hz)

Table 10: MAX-M8C/W/Q indicative pow er requirements at 3.0 V

For more information about power requirements, see the MAX-8 / MAX-M8 Hardware Integration

Manual [1].

For more information on how to noticeably reduce current consumption, see the Power Management

Application Note [4].

15

16

17

18

Use this figure to dimension maximum current capability of power supply. Measurement of this parameter with 1 Hz bandwidth.

Use this figure to determine required battery capacity.

Simulated GNSS constellation using power levels of -130 dBm. VCC= 3.0 V

Average current from start-up until the first fix.

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MAX-M8 - Data Sheet

4 Mechanical specifications

Figure 3: Dimensions

For information about the paste mask and footprint, see the MAX-8 / MAX-M8 Hardware Integration

Manual [1].

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Mechanical specifications

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MAX-M8 - Data Sheet

5 Reliability tests and approvals

5.1 Reliability tests

All MAX-M8 modules are based on AEC-Q100 qualified GNSS chips.

Tests for product family qualifications are according to ISO 16750 "Road vehicles – Environmental conditions

and testing for electrical and electronic equipment”, and appropriate standards.

5.2 Approvals

Products marked with this lead-free symbol on the product label comply with the

"Directive 2002/95/EC and Directive 2011/65/EU of the European Parliament and the

Council on the Restriction of Use of certain Hazardous Substances in Electrical and

Electronic Equipment" (RoHS).

All u-blox M8 GNSS modules are RoHS compliant.

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Reliability tests and approvals

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MAX-M8 - Data Sheet

6 Product handling & soldering

6.1 Packaging

MAX-M8 modules are delivered as hermetically sealed, reeled tapes in order to enable efficient production,

production lot set-up and tear-down. For more information see the u-blox Package Information Guide [3].

6.1.1 Reels

MAX-M8 GNSS modules are deliverable in quantities of 500 pcs on a reel. MAX-M8 modules are shipped on

Reel Type B, as specified in the u-blox Package Information Guide [3].

6.1.2 Tapes

Figure 4 shows the position and orientation of MAX-M8 modules as they are delivered on tape. The dimensions

of the tapes are specified in Figure 5.

Figure 4: Tape and module orientation

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Product handling & soldering

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MAX-M8 - Data Sheet

Figure 5: MAX-M8 Tape dimensions

6.2 Shipment, storage and handling

For more information regarding shipment, storage and handling see the u-blox Package Information Guide [3].

6.2.1 Moisture Sensitivity Levels

The Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL) relates to the packaging and handling precautions required. MAX-M8

modules are rated at MSL level 4.

For MSL standard see IPC/JEDEC J-STD-020, which can be downloaded from www.jedec.org.

6.2.2 Reflow soldering

Reflow profiles are to be selected according u-blox recommendations (see the MAX-8 / MAX-M8 Hardware

Integration Manual [1]).

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Product handling & soldering

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MAX-M8 - Data Sheet

6.2.3 ESD handling precautions

MAX-M8 modules are Electrostatic Sensitive Devices (ESD). Observe precautions for handling!

Failure to observe these precautions can result in severe damage to the GNSS receiver!

GNSS receivers are Electrostatic Sensitive Devices (ESD) and require special precautions when handling. Particular

care must be exercised when handling patch antennas, due to the risk of electrostatic charges. In addition to

standard ESD safety practices, the following measures should be taken into account whenever handling the

receiver:

·

Unless there is a galvanic coupling between the

local GND (i.e. the work table) and the PCB GND,

then the first point of contact when handling the

PCB must always be between the local GND and

PCB GND.

·

Before mounting an antenna patch, connect

ground of the device

When handling the RF pin, do not come into

contact with any charged capacitors and be

careful when contacting materials that can

develop charges (e.g. patch antenna ~10 pF, coax

cable ~50 to 80 pF/m, soldering iron, …)

·

To prevent electrostatic discharge through the RF

input, do not touch any exposed antenna area. If

there is any risk that such exposed antenna area is

touched in non ESD protected work area,

implement proper ESD protection measures in the

design.

When soldering RF connectors and patch

antennas to the receiver’s RF pin, make sure to

use an ESD safe soldering iron (tip).

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MAX-M8 - Data Sheet

7 Default messages

Interface

Settings

UART Output

9600 Baud, 8 bits, no parity bit, 1 stop bit

Configured to transmit both NMEA and UBX protocols, but only the following NMEA (and no UBX)

messages have been activated at start-up:

GGA, GLL, GSA, GSV, RMC, VTG, TXT

UART Input

DDC

9600 Baud, 8 bits, no parity bit, 1 stop bit, Autobauding disabled

Automatically accepts following protocols without need of explicit configuration:

UBX, NMEA, RTCM

The GNSS receiver supports interleaved UBX and NMEA messages.

2

Fully compatible with the I C industry standard, available for communication with an external host CPU or

u-blox cellular modules; operated in slave mode only.

NMEA and UBX are enabled as input messages, only NMEA as output messages

Maximum bit rate 400 kb/s.

TIMEPULSE

(1Hz Nav)

1 pulse per second, synchronized at rising edge, pulse length 100 ms

Table 11: Default messages

Refer to the u-blox 8 / u-blox M8 Receiver Description including Protocol Specification [2] for information

about further settings.

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Default messages

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MAX-M8 - Data Sheet

8 Labeling and ordering information

8.1 Product labeling

The labeling of u-blox M8 GNSS modules includes important product information. The location of the product

type number is shown in Figure 6.

Figure 6: Location of product type number on MAX-M8 module label

8.2 Explanation of codes

Three different product code formats are used. The Product Name is used in documentation such as this data

sheet and identifies all u-blox M8 products, independent of packaging and quality grade. The Ordering Code

includes options and quality, while the Type Number includes the hardware and firmware versions. Table 12

shows the structure of these three different formats.

Format

Structure

Product Name

Ordering Code

Type Number

PPP-TGV

PPP-TGV-N

PPP-TGV-N-XX

Table 12: Product Code Formats

The parts of the product code are explained in Table 13.

Code

Meaning

Example

PPP

TG

V

Product Family

Product Generation

Variant

MAX

M8 = u-blox M8

Function set (A-Z), T = Timing, R = DR, etc.

N

Option / Quality Grade

Describes standardized functional element or quality grade

0 = Default variant, A = Automotive

XX

Product Detail

Describes product details or options, such as hardware or software revision, cable length, etc.

Table 13: part identification code

8.3 Ordering codes

Ordering No.

MAX-M8C-0

MAX-M8Q-0

MAX-M8W-0

Product

u-blox M8 concurrent GNSS LCC Module, Crystal, ROM, 9.7x10.1 mm, 500 pcs/reel

u-blox M8 concurrent GNSS LCC Module, TCXO, ROM, Green, 9.7x10.1 mm, 500 pcs/reel

u-blox M8 concurrent GNSS LCC Module, TCXO, Active Antenna Supply, ROM, 9.7x10.1 mm, 500 pcs/reel

Table 14: Product ordering codes for professional grade modules

Product changes affecting form, fit or function are documented by u-blox. For a list of Product Change

Notifications (PCNs) see our website.

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Labeling and ordering information

Page 26 of 28

MAX-M8 - Data Sheet


型号：	MAX-M8
厂家：	u-blox AG
描述：	u-blox M8 concurrent GNSS modules
文件：	总28页 (文件大小：808K)
中文：	中文翻译
下载：	下载PDF数据表文档文件

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