Two-Wire, Differential, Vibration-Resistant
Sensor IC with Speed and Direction Output
A1699
POWER DERATING
The device must be operated below the maximum junction
temperature of the device, TJ(max). Under certain combinations of
peak conditions, reliable operation may require derating supplied
power or improving the heat dissipation properties of the appli-
cation. This section presents a procedure for correlating factors
affecting operating TJ. (Thermal data is also available on the
Allegro MicroSystems website.)
A worst-case estimate, PD(max), represents the maximum allow-
able power level (VCC(max), ICC(max)), without exceeding TJ(max)
at a selected RθJA and TA.
,
Example: Reliability for VCC at TA = 150°C.
Observe the worst-case ratings for the device, specifically:
RθJA = 213°C/W, TJ(max) = 165°C, VCC(max) = 24 V, and ICC(mean)
= 14.8 mA. (Note: For variant -xxWPx, at maximum target
frequency, ICC(LOW) = 8 mA, ICC(HIGH) = 16 mA, and maximum
pulse widths, the result is a duty cycle of 84% and thus a worst-
case mean ICC of 14.8 mA.)
The Package Thermal Resistance, RθJA, is a figure of merit sum-
marizing the ability of the application and the device to dissipate
heat from the junction (die), through all paths to the ambient air.
Its primary component is the Effective Thermal Conductivity,
UB, of the printed circuit board, including adjacent devices and
traces. Radiation from the die through the device case, RθJC, is
relatively small component of RθJA. Ambient air temperature,
TA, and air motion are significant external factors, damped by
overmolding.
Calculate the maximum allowable power level, PD(max). First,
invert equation 3:
∆Tmaxꢀ=ꢀTJ(max)ꢀ–ꢀTA = 165 °C – 150 °C = 15 °C
This provides the allowable increase to TJ resulting from internal
power dissipation. Then, invert equation 2:
The effect of varying power levels (Power Dissipation, PD), can
be estimated. The following formulas represent the fundamental
relationships used to estimate TJ, at PD.
PD(max)ꢀ=ꢀ∆Tmax ÷ RθJAꢀ=ꢀ15°Cꢀ÷ꢀ213ꢀ°C/Wꢀ(estimated)ꢀ=ꢀ70.4ꢀ
mW
PD = VIN × IIN
∆Tꢀ=ꢀPD × RθJA
TJꢀ=ꢀTAꢀ+ꢀ∆Tꢀꢀ
(1)
(2)
(3)
Finally, invert equation 1 with respect to voltage:
ꢀ
ꢀ
ꢀ
ꢀ
V
CC(est) = PD(max) ÷ ICC(max)ꢀ=ꢀ70.4ꢀmWꢀ÷ꢀ14.8ꢀmAꢀ=ꢀ4.7ꢀV
The result indicates at TA, the application and device can dissi-
pate adequate amounts of heat at voltages ≤ VCC(est)
For example, given common conditions such as: TA= 25°C,
VCC = 12 V, RθJAꢀ=ꢀ213ꢀ°C/W, and Iccꢀ=ꢀ6.5ꢀmA, then:
.
Compare VCC(est) to VCC(max). If VCC(est) ≤ VCC(max), then reli-
able operation between VCC(est) and VCC(max) requires enhanced
RθJA. If VCC(est) ≥ VCC(max), then operation between VCC(est) and
VCC(max) is reliable under these conditions.
PD = VCC × ICCꢀ=ꢀ12ꢀVꢀ×ꢀ6.5ꢀmAꢀ=ꢀ78ꢀmW
ꢀ
ꢀ
∆Tꢀ=ꢀPD × RθJAꢀ=ꢀ78ꢀmWꢀ×ꢀ213ꢀ°C/Wꢀ=ꢀ16.6°C
TJꢀ=ꢀTAꢀ+ꢀ∆Tꢀ=ꢀ25°Cꢀ+ꢀ16.6°Cꢀ=ꢀ41.6°C
16
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