XRT84L38IB [EXAR]

OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER; 八路T1 / E1 / J1成帧器
XRT84L38IB
型号: XRT84L38IB
厂家: EXAR CORPORATION    EXAR CORPORATION
描述:

OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER
八路T1 / E1 / J1成帧器

电信集成电路
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XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
FEBRUARY 2004  
REV.1.0.0  
and Overhead Data Input port, which permits Data  
Link Terminal Equipment direct access to the out-  
bound T1/E1/J1 frames Likewise, a Receive Over-  
head output data port permits Data Link Terminal  
Equipment direct access to the Data Link bits of the  
inbound T1/E1/J1 frames.  
GENERAL DESCRIPTION  
The XRT84L38 is an eight-channel 1.544 Mbit/s or  
2.048 Mbit/s DS1/E1/J1 framing controller. The  
XRT84L38 contains an integrated DS1/E1/J1 framer  
which provides DS1/E1/J1 framing and error accumu-  
lation in accordance with ANSI/ITU_T specifications.  
Each framer has its own framing synchronizer and  
The XRT84L38 fully meets all of the latest T1/E1/J1  
transmit-receive slip buffers, and can be independent- specifications: ANSI T1/E1.107-1988, ANSI T1/  
ly enabled or disabled as required and can be config-  
ured to frame to the common DS1/E1/J1 signal for-  
mats  
E1.403-1995, ANSI T1/E1.231-1993, ANSI T1/  
E1.408-1990, AT&T TR 62411 (12-90) TR54016, and  
ITU G-703, G.704, G706 and G.733, AT&T Pub.  
43801, and ETS 300 011, 300 233, JT G.703, JT  
G.704, JT G706, I.431. Extensive test and diagnostic  
functions include Loop-backs, Boundary scan, Pseu-  
do Random bit sequence (PRBS) test pattern gener-  
ation, Performance Monitor, Bit Error Rate (BER)  
meter, forced error insertion, and LAPD unchannel-  
ized data payload processing according to ITU-T  
standard Q.921.  
Each Framer block contains its own Transmit and Re-  
ceive T1/E1/J1 Framing function including 3 HDLC  
controllers to support V5.2. Each Transmit HDLC  
controller encapsulates contents of the Transmit  
HDLC buffers into LAPD Message frames. Each Re-  
ceive HDLC controller extracts payload content of Re-  
ceive LAPD Message frames from the incoming T1/  
E1/J1 data stream and writes it into the Receive  
HDLC buffer. Each framer also contains a Transmit  
Applications and Features (next page)  
FIGURE 1. XRT84L38 8-CHANNEL DS1 (T1/E1/J1) FRAMER  
External Data  
Link Controller  
8 DS1/E1  
Channels  
Local PCM  
Tx Overhead In  
Rx Overhead Out  
XRT84L38  
Highway  
1.544/2.048 MHz  
XRT83L38  
1 of 8-channels  
TxPOS  
TxNEG  
TxLineCLK 8  
8
8
2-Frame  
Slip Buffer  
Elastic Store  
Tx Encoder  
LIU  
Interface  
TPOS  
TNEG  
TCLK1  
8
Twisted  
Pair  
Tx Serial  
Data In  
Tx1  
Rx1  
Tx Framer  
Rx Framer  
Tx Serial  
Clock  
Twisted  
Pair  
LLB  
LB  
RxPOS  
RxNEG  
RxLineCLK 8  
8
8
2-Frame  
Slip Buffer  
Elastic Store  
Rx Encoder  
LIU  
Interface  
RPOS  
RNEG  
RCLK1  
8
Rx Serial  
Data Out  
Rx Serial  
Clock  
µP  
Interface  
HDLC (LAPD)  
Controller &  
96-byte Buffer  
LIU &  
Loopback  
Control  
PRBS  
Generator &  
Analyser  
Performance  
Monitor  
Tx8  
8kHz sync  
OSC  
Rx8  
DMA  
Interface  
Microprocessor  
Interface  
Signaling &  
Alarms  
JTAG  
8-CH T1/E1/LIU  
Host Mode  
Back Plane  
1.544-16.384 Mbit/s  
WR  
ALE_AS  
RD  
4
3
Channel  
Select  
Interrupt  
D[7:0]  
A[6:0]  
RDY_DTACK  
Intel/Motorola µP  
Configuration, Control &  
Status Monitor  
System (Terminal) Side  
Line Side  
Memory  
Exar Corporation 48720 Kato Road, Fremont CA, 94538 (510) 668-7000 FAX (510) 668-7017 www.exar.com  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
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APPLICATIONS  
Extracts and inserts robbed bit signaling (RBS)  
High-Density T1/E1/J1 interfaces for Multiplexers,  
3 independent HDLC Controllers for Receive and  
Switches, LAN Routers and Digital Modems  
Transmit on a per channel basis  
SONET/SDH terminal or Add/Drop multiplexers  
Each HDLC controller contains two 96-BYTE buff-  
(ADMs)  
ers  
T1/E1/J1 add/drop multiplexers (MUX)  
Timeslot assignable HDLC  
V5.1 and V5.2 Interface  
Channel Service Units (CSUs): T1/E1/J1 and Frac-  
tional T1/E1/J1  
µ
8-bit Intel/Motorola P and MIPS Power PC inter-  
Digital Access Cross-connect System (DACs)  
Digital Cross-connect Systems (DCS)  
faces for configuration, control and status monitor-  
ing  
Parallel search algorithm for fast frame synchroni-  
zation  
Frame Relay Switches and Access Devices  
(FRADS)  
Wide choice of T1 framing structures: D4, ESF,  
SLC®96, TIDM and N-Frame (non-framing)  
ISDN Primary Rate Interfaces (PRA)  
PBXs and PCM channel bank  
Direct access to D and E channels for fast transmis-  
sion of data link information  
T3 channelized access concentrators and M13  
MUX  
PRBS and QRSS generation and detection  
Programmable Interrupt output pin  
Wireless base stations  
ATM equipment with integrated DS1 interfaces  
Multichannel DS1 Test Equipment  
T1/E1/J1 Performance Monitoring  
Voice over packet gateways  
Routers  
Supports programmed I/O, Burst and DMA modes  
of Read-Write access  
Each framer block encodes and decodes the T1/  
E1/J1 Frame serial data into and from the Single-  
rail or Dual-rail (B8ZS) format  
Dual or single rail line side digital PCM inputs  
FEATURES  
Detects and forces Red (SAI), Yellow (RAI) and  
Eight independent, full duplex DS1 Tx and Rx  
Blue (AIS) Alarms  
Framers  
Detects OOF, LOF, LOS errors and COFA condi-  
tions  
Two 512-bit (two-frame) elastic store, PCM frame  
slip buffers (FIFO) on TX and Rx provide up to  
8.192 MHz asynchronous back plane connections  
with jitter and wander attenuation  
Loopbacks: Local (LLB) and Line remote (LB)  
Facilitates Inverse Multiplexing for ATM  
Supports input PCM and signaling data at 1.544,  
2.048, 4.096 and 8.192 Mbits. Also supports 4-  
channel multiplexed 12.352/16.384 (HMVIP/H.100)  
Mbit/s on the back plane bus  
Performance monitor with one second polling  
Boundary scan (IEEE 1149.1) JTAG test port  
Accepts external 8kHz Sync reference  
3.3V CMOS operation with 5V tolerant inputs  
Programmable output clocks for Fractional T1/E1/  
J1  
°
°
388-pin BGA package with –40 C to +85 C opera-  
tion  
Supports Channel Associated Signaling (CAS)  
Supports Common Channel Signalling (CCS)  
Direct Interface to Exar’s XRT83L38 (Octal) LIU  
Supports ISDN Primary Rate Interface (ISDN PRI)  
signaling  
ORDERING INFORMATION  
PART NUMBER  
PACKAGE  
OPERATING TEMPERATURE RANGE  
XRT84L38IB  
388 Pin Plastic Ball Grid Array  
-40°C to +85°C  
2
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XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
FIGURE 2. PIN OUT OF THE XRT84L38 TOP VIEW (SEE PIN LIST FOR NAMES AND FUNCTION)  
(See pin list for pin names and function)  
Top View  
A
26  
A1  
B1  
AF  
AE  
AD  
AC  
AB  
AA  
Y
C1  
D
23  
D
26  
D4  
E1  
F1  
G1  
H1  
J1  
D4  
W
V
K1  
L1  
U
L
23  
L
24  
L
25  
L
26  
L2  
L3  
L4  
V3  
V1  
V1  
V1  
V1  
G
V3  
V1  
V1  
V1  
V1  
G
V3  
G
G
G
G
G
V3  
G
G
G
G
G
V3  
V2  
V2  
V2  
V2  
G
V3  
V2  
V2  
V2  
V2  
G
T
M1  
N1  
P1  
R1  
T1  
U1  
V1  
W1  
Y1  
R
P
N
M
L
T
23  
T
24  
T
25  
T
26  
T2  
T3  
T4  
K
XRT84L38  
J
H
G
F
AA  
1
AB  
1
E
AC  
1
AC  
4
AC  
23  
AC  
26  
D
AD  
1
C
AE  
1
B
AF  
1
AF  
26  
A
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10  
11  
12  
13  
14  
15  
16  
17  
18  
19  
20  
21  
22  
23  
24  
25  
26  
3
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
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TABLE OF CONTENTS  
GENERAL DESCRIPTION ................................................................................................. 1  
Figure 1. XRT84L38 8-channel DS1 (T1/E1/J1) Framer ................................................................... 1  
APPLICATIONS .............................................................................................................................................. 2  
FEATURES .................................................................................................................................................... 2  
ORDERING INFORMATION ............................................................................................................... 2  
Figure 2. Pin Out of the XRT84L38 Top View (see pin list for names and function) .................... 3  
TABLE OF CONTENTS ....................................................................................................... I  
TABLE 1: LIST BY PIN NUMBER ............................................................................................................ 16  
PIN DESCRIPTIONS ........................................................................................................ 21  
TRANSMIT SERIAL DATA INPUT .................................................................................................................... 21  
OVERHEAD INTERFACE ............................................................................................................................... 30  
RECEIVE SERIAL DATA OUTPUT .................................................................................................................. 32  
RECEIVE DECODER LIU INTERFACE ............................................................................................................. 39  
TRANSMIT ENCODER LIU INTERFACE ........................................................................................................... 39  
TIMING ....................................................................................................................................................... 40  
LIU CONTROL ............................................................................................................................................. 41  
JTAG ........................................................................................................................................................ 42  
MICROPROCESSOR INTERFACE .................................................................................................................... 43  
GROUND PINS ............................................................................................................................................ 46  
POWER SUPPLY PINS ................................................................................................................................. 46  
NO CONNECT PINS ..................................................................................................................................... 47  
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS ................................................................................................................... 48  
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUMS ................................................................................................................................ 48  
DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS ............................................................................................................ 48  
TABLE 2: XRT84L38 POWER CONSUMPTION ...................................................................................... 48  
1.0 Microprocessor Interface Block ............................................................................................................ 49  
TABLE 3: µC/µP SELECTION TABLE ..................................................................................................... 49  
1.1 CHANNEL SELECTION WITHIN THE FRAMER ............................................................................................ 50  
1.2 THE MICROPROCESSOR INTERFACE BLOCK SIGNAL ............................................................................... 50  
TABLE 4: CHANNEL SELECTION ........................................................................................................... 50  
Figure 3. Simplified Block Diagram of the Microprocessor Interface Block .............................. 50  
TABLE 5: XRT84L38 MICROPROCESSOR INTERFACE SIGNALS THAT EXHIBIT CONSTANT ROLES IN BOTH THE  
INTEL AND MOTOROLA MODES ................................................................................................ 51  
1.3 INTERFACING THE XRT84L38 TO THE LOCAL µC/µP VIA THE MICROPROCESSOR INTERFACE BLOCK ....... 52  
1.3.1 Interfacing the Framer to the Microprocessor over an 8 bit wide bi-directional Data Bus ......... 52  
TABLE 6: INTEL MODE: MICROPROCESSOR INTERFACE SIGNALS ........................................................... 52  
TABLE 7: MOTOROLA MODE: MICROPROCESSOR INTERFACE SIGNALS .................................................. 52  
1.3.2 Data Access Modes .................................................................................................................. 53  
Figure 4. Intel µP Interface signals during Programmed I/O Read Operation ............................ 54  
Figure 5. Intel µP Interface Signals during Programmed I/O Write Operation ........................... 55  
Figure 6. Motorola µP Interface signals during a Programmed I/O Read Operation ................. 56  
Figure 7. Motorola µP Interface signal during Programmed I/O Write Operation ...................... 57  
Figure 8. Intel µP Interface Signals, during the Initial Read Operation of a Burst Cycle .......... 58  
Figure 9. Intel µP Interface Signals, during subsequent Read Operations of a Burst I/O Cycle ...  
60  
Figure 10. Intel µP Interface signals, during the Initial Write Operation of a Burst Cycle ........ 62  
Figure 11. µP Interface Signals, during subsequent Write Operations of a Burst I/O Cycle .... 63  
Figure 12. Motorola µP Interface Signals during the Initial Read Operation of a Burst Cycle . 64  
Figure 13. Motorola µP Interface Signals, during subsequent Read Operations of a Burst I/O Cy-  
cle ......................................................................................................................................... 65  
Figure 14. Motorola µP Interface signals, during the Initial Write Operation of a Burst Cycle . 67  
1.4 DMA READ/WRITE OPERATIONS ........................................................................................................... 68  
I
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XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
Figure 15. Motorola µP Interface Signals during subsequent Write Operations of a Burst I/O Cy-  
cle ......................................................................................................................................... 68  
DMA-0 Write DMA Interface ............................................................................................................................. 69  
1.5 MEMORY AND REGISTER MAP .............................................................................................................. 69  
1.5.1 Memory Mapped I/O Indirect Addressing ................................................................................. 69  
Figure 16. DMA Mode for the XRT84L38 and a Microprocessor ................................................. 69  
TABLE 8: ADDRESS MAP ..................................................................................................................... 70  
1.6 DESCRIPTION OF THE CONTROL REGISTERS ......................................................................................... 71  
RECEIVE SUBSTITUTION SIGNALING REGISTER (RSSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN02H, 0XC0H - 0XD7H) 150  
TABLE 9: PMON T1/E1 RECEIVE LINE CODE (BIPOLAR) VIOLATION COUNTER ................................... 175  
TABLE 10: PMON T1/E1 RECEIVE LINE CODE (BIPOLAR) VIOLATION COUNTER ................................. 175  
TABLE 11: PMON T1/E1 RECEIVE FRAMING ALIGNMENT BIT ERROR COUNTER ................................. 175  
TABLE 12: PMON T1/E1 RECEIVE FRAMING ALIGNMENT BIT ERROR COUNTER ................................. 175  
TABLE 13: PMON T1/E1 RECEIVE SEVERELY ERRORED FRAME COUNTER ........................................ 176  
TABLE 14: PMON T1/E1 RECEIVE CRC-4 BLOCK ERROR COUNTER - MSB ..................................... 176  
TABLE 15: PMON T1/E1 RECEIVE CRC-4 BLOCK ERROR COUNTER - LSB ...................................... 176  
TABLE 16: PMON T1/E1 RECEIVE FAR-END BLOCK ERROR COUNTER - MSB .................................. 176  
TABLE 17: PMON T1/E1 RECEIVE FAR END BLOCK ERROR COUNTER .............................................. 177  
TABLE 18: PMON T1/E1 RECEIVE SLIP COUNTER ............................................................................ 177  
TABLE 19: PMON T1/E1 RECEIVE LOSS OF FRAME COUNTER .......................................................... 177  
TABLE 20: PMON T1/E1 RECEIVE CHANGE OF FRAME ALIGNMENT COUNTER ................................... 178  
TABLE 21: PMON LAPD T1/E1 FRAME CHECK SEQUENCE ERROR COUNTER ................................... 178  
TABLE 22: T1/E1 PRBS BIT ERROR COUNTER MSB ........................................................................ 178  
TABLE 23: T1/E1 PRBS BIT ERROR COUNTER LSB ......................................................................... 179  
TABLE 24: T1/E1 TRANSMIT SLIP COUNTER ...................................................................................... 179  
1.7 THE INTERRUPT STRUCTURE WITHIN THE FRAMER .............................................................................. 180  
TABLE 25: LIST OF THE POSSIBLE CONDITIONS THAT CAN GENERATE INTERRUPTS, IN EACH FRAMER . 180  
TABLE 26: ADDRESS OF THE BLOCK INTERRUPT STATUS REGISTERS ................................................. 181  
TABLE 27: BLOCK INTERRUPT STATUS REGISTER .............................................................................. 182  
TABLE 28: BLOCK INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER ............................................................................. 183  
1.7.1 Configuring the Interrupt System, at the Framer Level ........................................................... 184  
TABLE 29: INTERRUPT CONTROL REGISTER ....................................................................................... 184  
2.0 The E1 Framing Structure .................................................................................................................... 186  
2.1 THE SINGLE E1 FRAME ...................................................................................................................... 186  
Timeslot 0 ....................................................................................................................................................... 186  
Timeslot 0 octets within FAS frames .............................................................................................................. 186  
Figure 17. Single E1 Frame Diagram ........................................................................................... 186  
TABLE 30: BIT FORMAT OF TIMESLOT 0 OCTET WITHIN A FAS E1 FRAME .......................................... 186  
Bit 0—Si (International Bit) ............................................................................................................................. 187  
Bit 0—Si (International Bit) ............................................................................................................................. 187  
Bit 1—Fixed at “1” .......................................................................................................................................... 187  
Bit 2—A (FAS Frame Yellow Alarm Bit) ......................................................................................................... 187  
Bit 3 through 7—Sa4–Sa8 (National Bits) ...................................................................................................... 187  
2.2 THE E1 MULTI-FRAME STRUCTURES ................................................................................................... 187  
2.2.1 The CRC Multi-frame Structure .............................................................................................. 187  
TABLE 31: BIT FORMAT OF TIMESLOT 0 OCTET WITHIN A NON-FAS E1 FRAME .................................. 187  
2.2.2 CAS Multi-Frames and Channel Associated Signaling .......................................................... 188  
TABLE 32: BIT FORMAT OF ALL TIMESLOT 0 OCTETS WITHIN A CRC MULTI-FRAME ............................ 188  
Figure 18. Frame/Byte Format of the CAS Multi-Frame Structure ............................................ 189  
Figure 19. E1 Frame Format ......................................................................................................... 190  
3.0 The DS1 Framing Structure ................................................................................................................. 191  
3.1 T1 SUPER FRAME FORMAT (SF) ........................................................................................................ 191  
Figure 20. T1 Frame Format ......................................................................................................... 191  
Figure 21. T1 Superframe PCM Format ....................................................................................... 192  
TABLE 33: SUPERFRAME FORMAT ..................................................................................................... 192  
II  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
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3.2 T1 EXTENDED SUPERFRAME FORMAT ................................................................................................. 193  
Figure 22. T1 Extended Superframe Format ................................................................................ 193  
TABLE 34: EXTENDED SUPERFRAME FORMAT .................................................................................... 194  
3.3 SLC 96 FORMAT (SLC) ...................................................................................................................... 195  
TABLE 35: SLC®96 FS BIT CONTENTS ............................................................................................. 195  
4.0 The DS1 Transmit Section ................................................................................................................... 196  
4.1 THE DS1 TRANSMIT PAYLOAD DATA INPUT INTERFACE BLOCK ............................................................ 196  
4.1.1 Description of the Transmit Payload Data Input Interface Block ............................................. 196  
TRANSMIT INTERFACE CONTROL REGISTER (TICR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X20H) ........................ 196  
4.1.2 Brief Discussion of the Transmit Payload Data Input Interface Block Operating at 1.544Mbit/s  
mode ................................................................................................................................................ 197  
CLOCK SELECT REGISTER (CSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X00H) ................................................ 197  
TABLE 36: SIGNALS FOR DIFFERENT TRANSMIT TIMING SOURCES ........................................................ 198  
TRANSMIT INTERFACE CONTROL REGISTER (TICR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X20H) ....................... 198  
TABLE 37: THE TXTSB[3:0] BITS WHEN THE TRANSMIT FRACTIONAL T1 INPUT BIT IS SET TO DIFFERENT VAL-  
UES ...................................................................................................................................... 199  
Figure 23. Interfacing XRT84L38 to local Terminal Equipment with TxSerClk_n as Transmit Tim-  
ing Source .......................................................................................................................... 200  
Figure 24. Waveforms of the signals that connect the Transmit Payload Data Input Interface  
block to the local Terminal Equipment with the Transmit Serial clock being the Timing  
Source of the Transmit Section ....................................................................................... 201  
CLOCK SELECT REGISTER (CSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X00H) ................................................ 202  
Figure 25. Interfacing XRT84L38 to the local Terminal Equipment with the OSCCLK Driven Divid-  
ed Clock as Transmit Timing Source .............................................................................. 203  
Figure 26. Waveforms of the signals connecting the Transmit Payload Data Input Interface block  
to the local Terminal Equipment with the OSCCLK Driven Divided clock as the timing  
source of the Transmit Section ....................................................................................... 204  
CLOCK SELECT REGISTER (CSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X00H) ................................................. 205  
Figure 27. Interfacing XRT84L38 to local Terminal Equipment with Recovered Receive Line  
Clock as Transmit Timing Source ................................................................................... 206  
4.1.3 Brief Discussion of the Transmit High-Speed Back-Plane Interface ....................................... 207  
Figure 28. Waveforms of the signals connecting the Transmit Payload Data Input Interface block  
to the local Terminal Equipment with the Recovered Receive Line Clock being the timing  
source of the Transmit Section ....................................................................................... 207  
TRANSMIT INTERFACE CONTROL REGISTER (TICR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X20H) ....................... 207  
TABLE 38: TRANSMIT MULTIPLEX ENABLE BIT AND TRANSMIT INTERFACE MODE SELECT [1:0] BITS WITH THE  
RESULTING TRANSMIT BACK-PLANE INTERFACE DATA RATES ................................................. 208  
TRANSMIT MULTIPLEX ENABLE BIT = 0 ...................................................................................................... 208  
TRANSMIT MULTIPLEX ENABLE BIT = 1 ...................................................................................................... 209  
TRANSMIT INTERFACE CONTROL REGISTER (TICR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X20H) ........................ 209  
TABLE 39: THE MAPPING OF T1 FRAME INTO E1 FRAMING FORMAT ..................................................... 210  
Figure 29. Interfacing XRT84L38 to the local Terminal Equipment using MVIP 2.048Mbit/s Data  
Bus ..................................................................................................................................... 211  
Figure 30. Timing Diagram of the Input Signals to the Framer when running at MVIP 2.048Mbit/s  
Mode ................................................................................................................................... 211  
TABLE 40: THE MAPPING OF T1 FRAME INTO E1 FRAMING FORMAT ..................................................... 212  
Figure 31. Interfacing XRT84L38 to the local Terminal Equipment using 4.096Mbit/s Data Bus ..  
213  
Figure 32. Timing Diagram of the Input Signals to the Framer when running at 4.096Mbit/s Mode  
213  
TABLE 41: THE MAPPING OF T1 FRAME INTO E1 FRAMING FORMAT ..................................................... 214  
Figure 33. Interfacing XRT84L38 to the Local Terminal Equipment using 8.192Mbit/s Data Bus .  
215  
Figure 34. Timing Diagram of the Input Signals to the Framer when running at 8.192Mbit/s Mode  
III  
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XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
215  
FIRST OCTET OF 12.352MBIT/S DATA STREAM ......................................................................................... 216  
SECOND OCTET OF 12.352MBIT/S DATA STREAM ..................................................................................... 216  
THIRD OCTET OF 12.352MBIT/S DATA STREAM ......................................................................................... 216  
SIXTH OCTET OF 12.352MBIT/S DATA STREAM ......................................................................................... 217  
SEVENTH OCTET OF 12.352MBIT/S DATA STREAM .................................................................................... 217  
EIGHTH OCTET OF 12.352MBIT/S DATA STREAM ...................................................................................... 217  
NINETH OCTET OF 12.352MBIT/S DATA STREAM ....................................................................................... 217  
Figure 35. Interfacing XRT84L38 to the Local Terminal Equipment using Bit-Multiplexed  
12.352Mbit/s Data Bus ...................................................................................................... 218  
Figure 36. Timing Diagram of the Input Signals to the Framer when running at 12.352Mbit/s Mode  
218  
FIRST OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM ......................................................................................... 219  
NINETH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM ....................................................................................... 219  
TENTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM ........................................................................................ 219  
THIRTEENTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM ............................................................................... 220  
FOURTEENTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM .............................................................................. 220  
FIFTEENTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM ................................................................................. 220  
SIXTEENTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM ................................................................................. 220  
Figure 37. Interfacing XRT84L38 to the Local Terminal Equipment using 16.384Mbit/s Data Bus  
221  
Figure 38. Timing Diagram of the Input Signals to the Framer when running at Bit-Multiplexed  
16.384Mbit/s Mode ............................................................................................................ 221  
FIRST OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM ......................................................................................... 222  
NINTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM ........................................................................................ 222  
ELEVENTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM .................................................................................. 223  
THIRTEENTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM ............................................................................... 223  
FIFTEENTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM ................................................................................. 223  
TENTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM ........................................................................................ 223  
TWELFTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM .................................................................................... 223  
FOURTEENTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM .............................................................................. 223  
SIXTEENTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM ................................................................................. 224  
Figure 39. Interfacing XRT84L38 to the Local Terminal Equipment using HMVIP 16.384Mbit/s  
Data Bus ............................................................................................................................ 225  
Figure 40. Timing Diagram of the Input Signals to the Framer when running at HMVIP 16.384Mbit/  
s Mode ............................................................................................................................... 225  
FIRST OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM ......................................................................................... 226  
NINTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM ........................................................................................ 226  
ELEVENTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM .................................................................................. 227  
THIRTEENTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM ............................................................................... 227  
FIFTEENTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM ................................................................................. 227  
TENTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM ........................................................................................ 227  
TWELFTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM .................................................................................... 227  
FOURTEENTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM .............................................................................. 227  
SIXTEENTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM ................................................................................. 228  
Figure 41. Interfacing XRT84L38 to the Local Terminal Equipment using H.100 16.384Mbit/s Data  
Bus ..................................................................................................................................... 229  
Figure 42. Timing Diagram of the Input Signals to the Framer when running at H.100 16.384Mbit/  
s Mode ............................................................................................................................... 229  
5.0 The DS1 Receive Section ..................................................................................................................... 230  
5.1 THE DS1 RECEIVE PAYLOAD DATA OUTPUT INTERFACE BLOCK .......................................................... 230  
5.1.1 Description of the Receive Payload Data Output Interface Block .......................................... 230  
5.1.2 The Receive Payload Data Output Interface Block Operating at 1.544Mbit/s mode .............. 230  
RECEIVE INTERFACE CONTROL REGISTER (RICR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X22H) ........................ 230  
IV  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
SLIP BUFFER CONTROL REGISTER (SBCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X16H) .................................. 231  
SLIP BUFFER CONTROL REGISTER (SBCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X16H) .................................. 231  
TABLE 42: THE RECEIVE SERIAL CLOCK AND RECEIVE SINGLE-FRAME SYNCHRONIZATION SIGNALS FOR DIF-  
FERENT SLIP BUFFER SETTINGS ............................................................................................ 232  
RECEIVE INTERFACE CONTROL REGISTER (RICR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X22H) ........................ 232  
TABLE 43: THE RXTSB[2:0] BITS WHEN THE RECEIVE FRACTIONAL T1 OUTPUT BIT IS SET TO DIFFERENT  
VALUES ................................................................................................................................ 233  
Figure 43. Interfacing XRT84L38 local Terminal Equipment with Slip Buffer Bypassed and Re-  
covered Receive Line Clock as Receive Timing Source ............................................... 234  
Figure 44. Waveforms of the Signals Connecting the Receive Payload Data Output Interface  
block to the local Terminal Equipment when the Slip Buffer is Bypassed and the Recov-  
ered Line Clock is the Timing Source of the Receive Section ...................................... 235  
SLIP BUFFER STATUS REGISTER (SBSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X08H) .................................... 236  
Figure 45. Interfacing XRT84L38 to local Terminal Equipment with Slip Buffer Enabled or Acts  
as FIFO ............................................................................................................................... 237  
Figure 46. Waveforms of the Signals that Connect the Receive Payload Data Output Interface  
block to the local Terminal Equipment when the Slip Buffer is Enabled .................... 238  
FIFO LATENCY REGISTER (FIFOLR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X17H) ............................................ 238  
Figure 47. Interfacing XRT84L38 to local Terminal Equipment with Slip Buffer Enabled or Acts  
as FIFO ............................................................................................................................... 239  
5.1.3 High Speed Receive Back-plane Interface ............................................................................. 240  
Figure 48. Waveforms of the Signals that Connect the Receive Payload Data Output Interface  
block to the local Terminal Equipment when the Slip Buffer is acted as FIFO ........... 240  
RECEIVE INTERFACE CONTROL REGISTER (RICR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X22H) ........................ 240  
TABLE 44: RECEIVE MULTIPLEX ENABLE BIT AND RECEIVE INTERFACE MODE SELECT [1:0] BITS WITH THE  
RESULTING RECEIVE BACK-PLANE INTERFACE DATA RATES ................................................... 241  
RECEIVE MULTIPLEX ENABLE BIT = 0 ........................................................................................................ 241  
RECEIVE MULTIPLEX ENABLE BIT = 1 ........................................................................................................ 242  
RECEIVE INTERFACE CONTROL REGISTER (RICR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X22H) ........................ 242  
TABLE 45: THE MAPPING OF T1 FRAME INTO E1 FRAMING FORMAT ..................................................... 243  
Figure 49. Interfacing XRT84L38 to local Terminal Equipment using MVIP 2.048Mbit/s Data Bus  
244  
Figure 50. Timing Diagram of Input signals to the Framer when running at MVIP 2.048Mbit/s ....  
244  
TABLE 46: THE MAPPING OF T1 FRAME INTO E1 FRAMING FORMAT ..................................................... 245  
Figure 51. Interfacing XRT84L38 to local Terminal Equipment using 4.096Mbit/s Data Bus .. 246  
Figure 52. Timing Diagram of Input signals to the Framer when running at 4.096Mbit/s ....... 246  
TABLE 47: THE MAPPING OF T1 FRAME INTO E1 FRAMING FORMAT ..................................................... 247  
Figure 53. Interfacing XRT84L38 to local Terminal Equipment using 8.192Mbit/s Data Bus .. 248  
Figure 54. Timing Diagram of Input signals to the Framer when running at 8.192Mbit/s ....... 248  
FIRST OCTET OF 12.352MBIT/S DATA STREAM ......................................................................................... 249  
SECOND OCTET OF 12.352MBIT/S DATA STREAM ..................................................................................... 249  
THIRD OCTET OF 12.352MBIT/S DATA STREAM ......................................................................................... 249  
SIXTH OCTET OF 12.352MBIT/S DATA STREAM ......................................................................................... 250  
SEVENTH OCTET OF 12.352MBIT/S DATA STREAM .................................................................................... 250  
EIGHTH OCTET OF 12.352MBIT/S DATA STREAM ....................................................................................... 250  
NINETH OCTET OF 12.352MBIT/S DATA STREAM ....................................................................................... 250  
Figure 55. Interfacing XRT84L38 to local Terminal Equipment using 12.352Mbit/s Data Bus 251  
Figure 56. Timing Diagram of Input signals to the Framer when running at 12.352Mbit/s ..... 251  
FIRST OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM ......................................................................................... 252  
NINTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM ......................................................................................... 252  
TENTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM ........................................................................................ 252  
THIRTEENTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM ................................................................................ 253  
FOURTEENTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM .............................................................................. 253  
V
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
FIFTEENTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM ................................................................................. 253  
SIXTEENTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM ................................................................................. 253  
Figure 57. Interfacing XRT84L38 to local Terminal Equipment using 16.384Mbit/s Data Bus 254  
Figure 58. Timing Diagram of Input signals to the Framer when running at Bit-multiplexed  
16.384Mbit/s ...................................................................................................................... 254  
FIRST OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM ......................................................................................... 255  
NINTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM ........................................................................................ 255  
ELEVENTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM .................................................................................. 255  
THIRTEENTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM ............................................................................... 255  
FIFTEENTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM ................................................................................. 256  
TENTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM ........................................................................................ 256  
TWELFTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM .................................................................................... 256  
FOURTEENTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM .............................................................................. 256  
SIXTEENTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM ................................................................................. 256  
Figure 59. Interfacing XRT84L38 to local Terminal Equipment using 16.384Mbit/s Data Bus 257  
Figure 60. Timing Diagram of Input signals to the Framer when running at HMVIP 16.384Mbit/s  
257  
FIRST OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM ......................................................................................... 258  
NINTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM ........................................................................................ 259  
ELEVENTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM .................................................................................. 259  
THIRTEENTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM ............................................................................... 259  
FIFTEENTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM ................................................................................. 259  
TENTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM ........................................................................................ 259  
TWELFTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM .................................................................................... 260  
FOURTEENTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM .............................................................................. 260  
SIXTEENTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM ................................................................................. 260  
Figure 61. Interfacing XRT84L38 to local Terminal Equipment using H.100 16.384Mbit/s Data Bus  
261  
Figure 62. Timing Diagram of Input signals to the Framer when running at H.100 16.384Mbit/s .  
261  
6.0 The E1 Transmit Section ...................................................................................................................... 262  
6.1 THE E1 TRANSMIT PAYLOAD DATA INPUT INTERFACE BLOCK ............................................................... 262  
6.1.1 Description of the Transmit Payload Data Input Interface Block ............................................ 262  
6.1.2 Brief Discussion of the Transmit Payload Data Input Interface Block Operating at XRT84V24 Com-  
patible 2.048Mbit/s mode ................................................................................................................ 262  
TRANSMIT INTERFACE CONTROL REGISTER (TICR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X20H) ....................... 262  
CLOCK SELECT REGISTER (CSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X00H) ................................................ 263  
TRANSMIT INTERFACE CONTROL REGISTER (TICR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X20H) ....................... 264  
Figure 63. Interfacing XRT84L38 to local terminal equipment with TxSerClk_n as Transmit Tim-  
ing Source ......................................................................................................................... 266  
Figure 64. Waveforms of the signals that connect the Transmit Payload Data Input Interface  
Block to the local Terminal Equipment with the Transmit Serial clock being the timing  
source of the Transmit Section ....................................................................................... 267  
CLOCK SELECT REGISTER (CSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X00H) ................................................ 268  
Figure 65. Interfacing XRT84L38 to local terminal equipment with OSCCLK driven divided clock  
as transmit timing source ................................................................................................ 269  
Figure 66. Waverforms of the signals connecting the Transmit Payload Data Input Interface  
block to the local Terminal Equipment with the OSCCLK driven divided clock as the tim-  
ing source of the Transmit Section ................................................................................. 270  
CLOCK SELECT REGISTER (CSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X00H) ................................................ 271  
Figure 67. Interfacing XRT84L38 to local terminal equipment with recovered receive line clock  
as transmit timing source ................................................................................................ 272  
6.1.3 Brief Discussion of the Transmit High-Speed Back-Plane Interface ...................................... 273  
Figure 68. Waverforms of the signals connecting the Transmit Payload Data input interface  
VI  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
block to the local Terminal Equipment with the Recovered Receive Line Clock being the  
timing source of transmit section ................................................................................... 273  
TRANSMIT INTERFACE CONTROL REGISTER (TICR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X20H) ....................... 273  
TRANSMIT MULTIPLEX ENABLE BIT = 0 ...................................................................................................... 274  
TRANSMIT MULTIPLEX ENABLE BIT = 1 ...................................................................................................... 275  
TRANSMIT INTERFACE CONTROL REGISTER (TICR) ........................ (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X20H) 275  
Figure 69. Interfacing XRT84L38 to local terminal equipment using MVIP 2.048Mbit/s data bus .  
276  
Figure 70. Timing diagram of input signals to the framer when running at MVIP 2.048Mbit/s ......  
277  
Figure 71. Interfacing XRT84L38 to local terminal equipment using 4.096Mbit/s data bus .... 278  
Figure 72. Timing diagram of input signals to the framer when running at 4.096Mbit/s mode .....  
278  
Figure 73. Interfacing XRT84L38 to local terminal equipment using 8.192Mbit/s data bus .... 279  
Figure 74. Timing diagram of input signals to the framer when running at 8.192Mbit/s mode .....  
280  
FIRST OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM ......................................................................................... 281  
SECOND OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM ..................................................................................... 281  
FIFTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM .......................................................................................... 281  
SIXTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM ......................................................................................... 281  
SEVENTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM .................................................................................... 281  
EIGHTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM ....................................................................................... 282  
Figure 75. Interfacing XRT84L38 to local terminal equipment using 16.384Mbit/s data bus .. 283  
Figure 76. iming signal when the framer is running at Bit-Multiplexed 16.384Mbit/s mode ... 283  
FIRST OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM ......................................................................................... 284  
THIRD OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM ......................................................................................... 284  
FIFTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM .......................................................................................... 284  
SEVENTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM .................................................................................... 284  
SECOND OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM ..................................................................................... 285  
FOURTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM ...................................................................................... 285  
SIXTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM ......................................................................................... 285  
EIGHTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM ....................................................................................... 285  
Figure 77. Interfacing XRT84L38 to local terminal equipment using 16.384Mbit/s data bus .. 286  
Figure 78. Timing Signal when the framer is running at HMVIP 16.384Mbit/s mode ............... 286  
FIRST OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM ......................................................................................... 287  
THIRD OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM ......................................................................................... 287  
FIFTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM .......................................................................................... 287  
SEVENTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM .................................................................................... 288  
SECOND OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM ..................................................................................... 288  
FOURTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM ...................................................................................... 288  
SIXTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM ......................................................................................... 288  
EIGHTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM ....................................................................................... 288  
Figure 79. Interfacing XRT84L38 to local terminal equipment using 16.384Mbit/s data bus .. 289  
6.2 THE RECEIVE PAYLOAD DATA OUTPUT INTERFACE BLOCK ................................................................... 290  
6.2.1 Description of the Receive Payload Data Output Interface Block ........................................... 290  
Figure 80. Timing signal when the framer is running at H.100 16.384Mbit/s mode ................. 290  
6.2.2 Brief Discussion of the Receive Payload Data Output Interface Block Operating at XRT84V24  
Compatible 2.048Mbit/s mode ......................................................................................................... 291  
RECEIVE INTERFACE CONTROL REGISTER (RICR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X22H) ........................ 291  
SLIP BUFFER CONTROL REGISTER (SBCR).................................... (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X16H) 291  
SLIP BUFFER CONTROL REGISTER (SBCR).................................... (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X16H) 292  
RECEIVE INTERFACE CONTROL REGISTER (RICR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X22H) ........................ 293  
Figure 81. Interfacing XRT84L38 to local terminal equipment with slip buffer bypassed and re-  
covered receive line clock as receive timing source ..................................................... 295  
VII  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
Figure 82. Waveforms of the Signals Connecting the Receive Payload Data Output Interface  
block to the local Terminal Equipment when the Slip Buffer is Bypassed and the Recov-  
ered Line Clock is the Timing Source of the Receive Section ..................................... 296  
SLIP BUFFER STATUS REGISTER (SBSR) ...................................... (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X08H) 297  
Figure 83. Interfacing XRT84L38 to local terminal equipment with slip buffer enabled or acts as  
fifo ...................................................................................................................................... 298  
Figure 84. Waveforms of the Signals that Connect the Receive Payload Data Output Interface  
block to the local Terminal Equipment when the Slip Buffer is Enabled .................... 299  
FIFO LATENCY REGISTER (FIFOL) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X17H) .............................................. 299  
Figure 85. Interfacing XRT84L38 to local terminal equipment with slip buffer enabled or acts as  
fifo ...................................................................................................................................... 300  
6.2.3 High Speed Receive Back-plane Interface ............................................................................. 301  
Figure 86. Waveforms of the Signals that Connect the Receive Payload Data Output Interface  
block to the local Terminal Equipment when the Slip Buffer is acted as FIFO .......... 301  
RECEIVE INTERFACE CONTROL REGISTER (RICR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X22H) ........................ 301  
RECEIVE MULTIPLEX ENABLE BIT = 0 ....................................................................................................... 302  
RECEIVE MULTIPLEX ENABLE BIT = 1 ....................................................................................................... 303  
RECEIVE INTERFACE CONTROL REGISTER (RICR) ..........................(INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X22H) 303  
Figure 87. Interfacing XRT84L38 to local terminal equipment using MVIP 2.048Mbit/s data bus .  
304  
Figure 88. Timing Diagram of Input signals to the Framer when running at MVIP 2.048Mbit/s ....  
304  
Figure 89. Interfacing XRT84L38 to local terminal equipment using 4.096Mbit/s data bus ... 305  
Figure 90. Timing Diagram of input signals to the framer when running at 4.096Mbit/s mode ....  
306  
Figure 91. Interfacing XRT84L38 to local terminal equipment using 8.192Mbit/s data bus ... 307  
Figure 92. Timing diagram of input signals to the framer when running at 8.192Mbit/s mode .....  
307  
FIRST OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM ......................................................................................... 308  
SECOND OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM ..................................................................................... 308  
FIFTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM ......................................................................................... 308  
SIXTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM ......................................................................................... 309  
SEVENTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM .................................................................................... 309  
EIGHTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM ...................................................................................... 309  
Figure 93. Interfacing XRT84L38 to local terminal equipment using 16.384 Mbit/s data bus 310  
Figure 94. Timing signal when the framer is running at Bit-Multiplexed 16.384Mbit/s mode 310  
FIRST OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM ......................................................................................... 311  
THIRD OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM ......................................................................................... 311  
FIFTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM ......................................................................................... 311  
SEVENTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM .................................................................................... 311  
SECOND OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM ..................................................................................... 312  
FOURTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM ..................................................................................... 312  
SIXTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM ......................................................................................... 312  
EIGHTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM ...................................................................................... 312  
Figure 95. Interfacing XRT84L38 to local terminal equipment using 16.384Mbit/s data bus . 313  
Figure 96. Timing Signal when the framer is running at HMVIP 16.384Mbit/s mode .............. 313  
FIRST OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM ......................................................................................... 314  
THIRD OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM ......................................................................................... 314  
FIFTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM ......................................................................................... 314  
SEVENTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM .................................................................................... 314  
SECOND OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM ..................................................................................... 315  
FOURTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM ..................................................................................... 315  
SIXTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM ......................................................................................... 315  
EIGHTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM ...................................................................................... 315  
VIII  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
Figure 97. Interfacing XRT84L38 to local terminal equipment using 16.384Mbit/s data bus .. 316  
Figure 98. Timing Signal when the framer is running at H.100 16.384Mbit/s mode ................. 316  
7.0 DS1 Overhead Interface Block ............................................................................................................. 317  
7.1 DS1 TRANSMIT OVERHEAD INPUT INTERFACE BLOCK .......................................................................... 317  
7.1.1 Description of the DS1 Transmit Overhead Input Interface Block ........................................... 317  
7.1.2 Configure the DS1 Transmit Overhead Input Interface module as source of the Facility Data Link  
(FDL) bits in ESF framing format mode ........................................................................................... 317  
Figure 99. Block Diagram of the DS1 Transmit Overhead Input Interface of the XRT84L38 .. 317  
TRANSMIT DATA LINK SELECT REGISTER (TDLSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X0AH) ....................... 318  
TRANSMIT DATA LINK SELECT REGISTER (TDLSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X0AH) ....................... 318  
7.1.3 Configure the DS1 Transmit Overhead Input Interface module as source of the Signaling Framing  
(Fs) bits in N or SLC®96 framing format mode ................................................................................ 319  
Figure 100. DS1 Transmit Overhead Input Interface Timing in ESF Framing Format mode ... 319  
TRANSMIT DATA LINK SELECT REGISTER (TDLSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X0AH) ....................... 319  
7.1.4 Configure the DS1 Transmit Overhead Input Interface module as source of the Remote Signaling  
(R) bits in T1DM framing format mode ............................................................................................. 320  
Figure 101. DS1 Transmit Overhead Input Timing in N or SLC®96 Framing Format Mode .... 320  
TRANSMIT DATA LINK SELECT REGISTER (TDLSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X0AH) .......................... 320  
Figure 102. DS1 Transmit Overhead Input Interface module in T1DM Framing Format mode ......  
320  
7.2 DS1 RECEIVE OVERHEAD OUTPUT INTERFACE BLOCK ......................................................................... 321  
7.2.1 Description of the DS1 Receive Overhead Output Interface Block ......................................... 321  
7.2.2 Configure the DS1 Receive Overhead Output Interface module as destination of the Facility Data  
Link (FDL) bits in ESF framing format mode .................................................................................... 321  
Figure 103. Block Diagram of the DS1 Receive Overhead Output Interface of XRT84L38 ..... 321  
RECEIVE DATA LINK SELECT REGISTER (TDLSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X0AH) ......................... 322  
RECEIVE DATA LINK SELECT REGISTER (TDLSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X0AH) ......................... 322  
7.2.3 Configure the DS1 Receive Overhead Output Interface module as destination of the Signaling  
Framing (Fs) bits in N or SLC®96 framing format mode .................................................................. 323  
Figure 104. DS1 Receive Overhead Output Interface module in ESF framing format mode .. 323  
RECEIVE DATA LINK SELECT REGISTER (TDLSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X0AH) ........................ 323  
7.2.4 Configure the DS1 Receive Overhead Output Interface module as destination of the Remote Sig-  
naling (R) bits in T1DM framing format mode .................................................................................. 324  
Figure 105. DS1 Receive Overhead Output Interface Timing in N or SLC®96 Framing Format  
mode ................................................................................................................................... 324  
RECEIVE DATA LINK SELECT REGISTER (RDLSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X0AH) ........................ 324  
Figure 106. DS1 Receive Overhead Output Interface Timing in T1DM Framing Format mode .....  
325  
8.0 E1 Overhead Interface Block ............................................................................................................... 326  
8.1 E1 TRANSMIT OVERHEAD INPUT INTERFACE BLOCK ............................................................................. 326  
8.1.1 Description of the E1 Transmit Overhead Input Interface Block ............................................. 326  
8.1.2 Configure the E1 Transmit Overhead Input Interface module as source of the National Bit Se-  
quence in E1 framing format mode .................................................................................................. 326  
Figure 107. Block Diagram of the E1 Transmit Overhead Input Interface of XRT84L38 ......... 326  
SYNCHRONIZATION MUX REGISTER (SMR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X09H) .................................. 327  
TRANSMIT SIGNALING AND DATA LINK SELECT REGISTER (TSDLSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X0AH) ....  
327  
8.2 E1 RECEIVE OVERHEAD INTERFACE .................................................................................................... 328  
8.2.1 Description of the E1 Receive Overhead Output Interface Block ........................................... 328  
Figure 108. E1 Transmit Overhead Input Interface Timing ........................................................ 328  
8.2.2 Configure the E1 Receive Overhead Output Interface module as source of the National Bit Se-  
quence in E1 framing format mode .................................................................................................. 329  
Figure 109. Block Diagram of the E1 Receive Overhead Output Interface of XRT84L38 ........ 329  
RECEIVE SIGNALING AND DATA LINK SELECT REGISTER (RSDLSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X0CH) ....  
IX  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
329  
Figure 110. E1 Receive Overhead Output Interface Timing ...................................................... 330  
9.0 DS1 Transmit Framer Block ................................................................................................................ 331  
9.1 HOW TO CONFIGURE XRT84L38 TO OPERATE IN DS1 MODE ............................................................. 331  
CLOCK SELECT REGISTER (CSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X00H) ................................................ 331  
FRAMING SELECT REGISTER (FSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X07H) ............................................. 331  
9.2 HOW TO CONFIGURE THE FRAMER TO TRANSMIT DATA IN VARIOUS DS1 FRAMING FORMATS ............... 332  
9.2.1 How to configure the framer to input framing alignment bits from different sources .............. 332  
FRAMING SELECT REGISTER (FSR) (I..............................................NDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X07H) 332  
9.2.2 How to configure the framer to input CRC-6 bits from different sources ................................ 333  
SYNCHRONIZATION MUX REGISTER (SMR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X09H) .................................. 333  
SYNCHRONIZATION MUX REGISTER (SMR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X09H) .................................. 333  
9.3 HOW TO CONFIGURE THE FRAMER TO APPLY DATA AND SIGNALING CONDITIONING TO DS1 PAYLOAD DATA  
ON A PER-CHANNEL BASIS .............................................................................................................................. 334  
9.3.1 How to apply User IDLE Code to the DS1 payload data ........................................................ 335  
TRANSMIT CHANNEL CONTROL REGISTER (TCCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN2H, 0X00H - 0X1FH) .......... 335  
USER IDLE CODE REGISTER (UCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN02H, 0X20H - 0X37H) ............................ 335  
9.4 HOW TO CONFIGURE THE XRT84L38 FRAMER TO APPLY ZERO CODE SUPPRESSION TO DS1 PAYLOAD DATA  
ON A PER-CHANNEL BASIS .............................................................................................................................. 336  
9.5 HOW TO CONFIGURE THE XRT84L38 FRAMER TO TRANSMIT ROBBED-BIT SIGNALING INFORMATION .... 336  
9.5.1 Brief Discussion of Robbed-bit Signaling in DS1 Framing Format ......................................... 336  
TRANSMIT CHANNEL CONTROL REGISTER (TCCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN2H, 0X00H - 0X1FH) ......... 336  
9.5.2 Configure the framer to transmit Robbed-bit Signaling .......................................................... 337  
TRANSMIT SIGNALING CONTROL REGISTER (TSCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN2H, 0X40H - 0X57H) ....... 338  
Figure 111. Timing Diagram of the TxSig_n Input ...................................................................... 339  
TRANSMIT INTERFACE CONTROL REGISTER (TICR).........................(INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X20H) 339  
9.6 HOW TO CONFIGURE THE XRT84L38 FRAMER TO GENERATE AND TRANSMIT ALARMS AND ERROR INDICA-  
TIONS TO REMOTE TERMINAL .......................................................................................................................... 340  
9.6.1 Brief discussion of alarms and error conditions ...................................................................... 340  
TRANSMIT SIGNALING CONTROL REGISTER (TSCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN2H, 0X40H - 0X57H) ....... 340  
TRANSMIT SIGNALING CONTROL REGISTER (TSCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN2H, 0X40H - 0X57H) ....... 340  
Figure 112. Simple Diagram of DS1 System Model .................................................................... 341  
Figure 113. Generation of Yellow Alarm by the CPE upon detection of line failure ................ 342  
Figure 114. Generation of AIS by the Repeater upon detection of Yellow Alarm originated by the  
CPE .................................................................................................................................... 343  
9.6.2 How to configure the framer to transmit AIS ........................................................................... 344  
Figure 115. Generation of Yellow Alarm by the CPE upon detection of AIS originated by the Re-  
peater ................................................................................................................................. 344  
9.6.3 How to configure the framer to generate Red Alarm .............................................................. 345  
9.6.4 How to configure the framer to transmit Yellow Alarm ........................................................... 345  
ALARM GENERATION REGISTER (AGR)...........................................(INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X08H) 345  
ALARM GENERATION REGISTER (AGR)...........................................(INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X08H) 345  
ALARM GENERATION REGISTER (AGR)...........................................(INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X08H) 347  
10.0 DS1 Receive Framer Block ................................................................................................................ 348  
10.1 HOW TO CONFIGURE XRT84L38 TO OPERATE IN DS1 MODE ........................................................... 348  
CLOCK SELECT REGISTER (CSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X00H) ................................................ 348  
FRAMING SELECT REGISTER (FSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X07H) ............................................. 348  
10.2 HOW TO CONFIGURE THE FRAMER TO RECEIVE DATA IN VARIOUS DS1 FRAMING FORMATS ............... 349  
10.3 HOW TO CONFIGURE THE FRAMER TO APPLY DATA AND SIGNALING CONDITIONING TO RECEIVED DS1 PAY-  
LOAD DATA ON A PER-CHANNEL BASIS ............................................................................................................ 349  
FRAMING SELECT REGISTER (FSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X07H) .............................................. 349  
RECEIVE CHANNEL CONTROL REGISTER (RCCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN2H, 0X60H - 0X7FH) ........... 351  
RECEIVE USER IDLE CODE REGISTER (UCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN02H, 0X80H - 0X97H) ............... 351  
10.4 HOW TO CONFIGURE THE XRT84L38 FRAMER TO APPLY ZERO CODE SUPPRESSION TO RECEIVED DS1  
X
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
PAYLOAD DATA ON A PER-CHANNEL BASIS ...................................................................................................... 352  
10.5 HOW TO CONFIGURE THE XRT84L38 FRAMER TO EXTRACT ROBBED-BIT SIGNALING INFORMATION .... 352  
10.5.1 Configure the framer to receive and extract Robbed-bit Signaling ....................................... 352  
RECEIVE CHANNEL CONTROL REGISTER (RCCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN2H, 0X60H - 0X7FH) ............ 352  
RECEIVE SIGNALING CONTROL REGISTER (RSCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN2H, 0XA0H - 0XB7H) ......... 353  
FRAMER INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER (FIER) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X05H) ........................... 353  
BLOCK INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER (BIER) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X00H) ............................... 354  
FRAMER INTERRUPT STATUS REGISTER (FISR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X04H) ........................... 354  
SIGNALING CHANGE REGISTERS (SCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X0DH - 0X0FH) ......................... 354  
RECEIVE SIGNALING REGISTER ARRAY (RSRA) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN4H, 0X00H - 0X17H) .............. 355  
RECEIVE INTERFACE CONTROL REGISTER (TICR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X20H) ......................... 355  
Figure 116. Timing Diagram of the RxSig_n Output pin ............................................................. 356  
RECEIVE SIGNALING CONTROL REGISTER (RSCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN2H, 0XA0H - 0XB7H) ......... 356  
RECEIVE SIGNALING CONTROL REGISTER (RSCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN2H, 0XA0H - 0XB7H) ......... 357  
RECEIVE SUBSTITUTION SIGNALING REGISTER (RSSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN02H, 0X80H - 0X97H) . 357  
10.6 HOW TO CONFIGURE THE FRAMER TO DETECT ALARMS AND ERROR CONDITIONS .............................. 358  
10.6.1 How to configure the framer to detect AIS Alarm .................................................................. 358  
RECEIVE SIGNALING CONTROL REGISTER (RSCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN2H, 0X40H - 0X57H) ......... 358  
ALARM GENERATION REGISTER (AGR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X08H) ........................................ 359  
ALARM AND ERROR INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER (AEIER) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X03H) ........ 359  
BLOCK INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER (BIER) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X01H) .............................. 359  
10.6.2 How to configure the framer to detect Red Alarm ................................................................. 360  
ALARM AND ERROR STATUS REGISTER (AESR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X02H) ............................ 360  
ALARM AND ERROR STATUS REGISTER (AESR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X02H) ........................... 360  
ALARM AND ERROR INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER (AEIER) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X03H) ........ 361  
BLOCK INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER (BIER) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X01H) ............................... 361  
ALARM AND ERROR STATUS REGISTER (AESR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X02H) ............................ 361  
10.6.3 How to configure the framer to detect Yellow Alarm ............................................................. 362  
ALARM AND ERROR STATUS REGISTER (AESR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X02H) ............................ 362  
ALARM AND ERROR INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER (AEIER) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X03H) ......... 362  
BLOCK INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER (BIER) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X01H) ............................... 362  
10.6.4 How to configure the framer to detect Bipolar Violation ........................................................ 363  
ALARM AND ERROR STATUS REGISTER (AESR).............................(INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X02H) 363  
ALARM AND ERROR STATUS REGISTER (AESR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X02H) ........................... 363  
10.6.5 How to configure the framer to detect Loss of Signal ........................................................... 364  
ALARM AND ERROR INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER (AEIER) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X03H) ........ 364  
BLOCK INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER (BIER) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X01H) ............................... 364  
ALARM AND ERROR STATUS REGISTER (AESR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X02H) ........................... 364  
ALARM AND ERROR INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER (AEIER) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X03H) ......... 365  
BLOCK INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER (BIER) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X01H) ............................... 365  
ALARM AND ERROR STATUS REGISTER (AESR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X02H) ........................... 365  
11.0 E1 Transmit Framer Block ................................................................................................................. 366  
11.1 HOW TO CONFIGURE XRT84L38 TO OPERATE IN E1 MODE .............................................................. 366  
11.2 HOW TO CONFIGURE THE FRAMER TO TRANSMIT AND RECEIVE DATA IN E1 FRAMING FORMAT ........... 366  
11.2.1 How to configure the framer to choose FAS searching algorithm ......................................... 366  
CLOCK SELECT REGISTER (CSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X00H) ................................................. 366  
11.2.2 How to configure the framer to enable CRC-4 Multi-frame alignment and select the locking crite-  
ria ..................................................................................................................................................... 367  
11.2.3 How to configure the framer to enable CAS Multi-frame alignment ...................................... 367  
FRAMING SELECT REGISTER (FSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X07H) .............................................. 367  
FRAMING SELECT REGISTER (FSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X07H) .............................................. 367  
11.2.4 How to configure the framer to input the framing alignment bits from different sources ....... 368  
FRAMING SELECT REGISTER (FSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X07H) .............................................. 368  
11.2.5 How to configure the framer to input CRC-4 bits from different sources ............................... 369  
XI  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
11.2.6 How to configure the framer to input E bits from different sources ....................................... 369  
SYNCHRONIZATION MUX REGISTER (SMR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X09H) .................................. 369  
SYNCHRONIZATION MUX REGISTER (SMR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X09H) ................................. 369  
11.3 HOW TO CONFIGURE THE FRAMER TO APPLY DATA AND SIGNALING CONDITIONING TO E1 PAYLOAD DATA  
ON A PER-CHANNEL BASIS .............................................................................................................................. 370  
SYNCHRONIZATION MUX REGISTER (SMR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X09H) ................................. 370  
TRANSMIT CHANNEL CONTROL REGISTER (TCCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN2H, 0X00H - 0X1FH) .......... 371  
11.4 HOW TO CONFIGURE THE XRT84L38 FRAMER TO TRANSMIT SIGNALING INFORMATION ...................... 372  
11.4.1 Brief Discussion of Common Channel Signaling in E1 Framing Format .............................. 372  
11.4.2 Brief Discussion of Channel Associated Signaling in E1 Framing Format ........................... 372  
USER IDLE CODE REGISTER (UCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN02H, 0X20H - 0X3FH) ............................. 372  
11.4.3 Configure the framer to transmit Channel Associated Signaling .......................................... 373  
TRANSMIT SIGNALING CONTROL REGISTER (TSCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN2H, 0X40H - 0X5FH) ....... 374  
Figure 117. Timing Diagram of the TxSig_n Input ...................................................................... 375  
TRANSMIT INTERFACE CONTROL REGISTER (TICR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X20H) ...................... 375  
Figure 118. Timing Diagram of the TxOH_n Input ...................................................................... 375  
11.5 HOW TO CONFIGURE THE XRT84L38 FRAMER TO GENERATE AND TRANSMIT ALARMS AND ERROR INDICA-  
TIONS TO REMOTE TERMINAL .......................................................................................................................... 376  
11.5.1 Brief discussion of alarms and error conditions .................................................................... 376  
TRANSMIT SIGNALING CONTROL REGISTER (TSCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN2H, 0X40H - 0X57H) ....... 376  
Figure 119. Simple Diagram of E1 system model ....................................................................... 377  
Figure 120. Generation of Yellow Alarm by the Repeater upon detection of line failure ........ 378  
Figure 121. Generation of AIS by the Repeater upon detection of line failure ........................ 379  
Figure 122. Generation of Yellow Alarm by the CPE upon detection of AIS originated by the Re-  
peater ................................................................................................................................. 380  
Figure 123. Generation of CAS Multi-frame Yellow Alarm and AIS16 by the Repeater .......... 381  
11.5.2 How to configure the framer to transmit AIS ......................................................................... 382  
Figure 124. Generation of CAS Multi-fram Yellow Alarm by the CPE upon detection of “AIS16”  
pattern sent by the Repeater ........................................................................................... 382  
11.5.3 How to configure the framer to generate Red Alarm ............................................................ 383  
11.5.4 How to configure the framer to transmit Yellow Alarm ......................................................... 383  
ALARM GENERATION REGISTER (AGR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X08H) ........................................ 383  
ALARM GENERATION REGISTER (AGR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X08H) ........................................ 383  
ALARM GENERATION REGISTER (AGR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X08H) ........................................ 385  
12.0 E1 Receive Framer Block ................................................................................................................... 386  
12.1 HOW TO CONFIGURE XRT84L38 TO OPERATE IN E1 MODE .............................................................. 386  
12.2 HOW TO CONFIGURE THE FRAMER TO RECEIVE DATA IN VARIOUS E1 FRAMING FORMATS ................. 386  
12.2.1 How to configure the framer to choose FAS searching algorithm ........................................ 386  
CLOCK SELECT REGISTER (CSR)...................................................(INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X00H) 386  
12.2.2 How to configure the framer to enable CRC-4 Multi-frame alignment and select the locking crite-  
ria ..................................................................................................................................................... 387  
12.2.3 How to configure the framer to enable CAS Multi-frame alignment ..................................... 387  
FRAMING SELECT REGISTER (FSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X07H) ............................................. 387  
FRAMING SELECT REGISTER (FSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X07H) ............................................. 387  
12.3 HOW TO CONFIGURE THE FRAMER TO APPLY DATA AND SIGNALING CONDITIONING TO RECEIVED E1 PAY-  
LOAD DATA ON A PER-CHANNEL BASIS ............................................................................................................ 388  
FRAMING SELECT REGISTER (FSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X07H) ............................................. 388  
RECEIVE CHANNEL CONTROL REGISTER (RCCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN2H, 0X60H - 0X7FH) .......... 389  
12.4 HOW TO CONFIGURE THE XRT84L38 FRAMER TO EXTRACT ROBBED-BIT SIGNALING INFORMATION ... 390  
12.4.1 Configure the framer to receive and extract Robbed-bit Signaling ....................................... 390  
RECEIVE USER IDLE CODE REGISTER (UCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN02H, 0X80H - 0X97H) .............. 390  
RECEIVE SIGNALING CONTROL REGISTER (RSCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN2H, 0XA0H - 0XB7H) ........ 390  
FRAMER INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER (FIER) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X05H) ............................ 391  
BLOCK INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER (BIER) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X00H) ............................. 391  
XII  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
FRAMER INTERRUPT STATUS REGISTER (FISR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X04H) ........................... 391  
SIGNALING CHANGE REGISTERS (SCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X0DH - 0X10H) ......................... 392  
RECEIVE SIGNALING REGISTER ARRAY (RSRA) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN4H, 0X00H - 0X1FH) .............. 392  
RECEIVE INTERFACE CONTROL REGISTER (RICR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X20H) ........................ 393  
Figure 125. Timing diagram of RxSig_n Output pin ................................................................... 393  
Figure 126. Timing diagram of the RxOH_n Output pin ............................................................. 393  
RECEIVE SIGNALING CONTROL REGISTER (RSCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN2H, 0XA0H - 0XBFH) ......... 394  
RECEIVE SIGNALING CONTROL REGISTER (RSCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN2H, 0XA0H - 0XBFH) ........ 394  
RECEIVE SUBSTITUTION SIGNALING REGISTER (RSSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN02H, 0X80H - 0X9FH) 394  
12.5 HOW TO CONFIGURE THE FRAMER TO DETECT ALARMS AND ERROR CONDITIONS .............................. 395  
RECEIVE SIGNALING CONTROL REGISTER (RSCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN2H, 0X40H - 0X5FH) ......... 395  
12.5.1 How to configure the framer to detect AIS Alarm .................................................................. 396  
ALARM GENERATION REGISTER (AGR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X08H) ........................................ 397  
ALARM AND ERROR INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER (AEIER) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X03H) ........ 397  
BLOCK INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER (BIER) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X01H) .............................. 397  
12.5.2 How to configure the framer to detect Red Alarm ................................................................. 398  
ALARM AND ERROR STATUS REGISTER (AESR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X02H) ............................ 398  
ALARM AND ERROR STATUS REGISTER (AESR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X02H) ............................ 398  
ALARM AND ERROR INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER (AEIER) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X03H) ........ 399  
BLOCK INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER (BIER) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X01H) .............................. 399  
ALARM AND ERROR STATUS REGISTER (AESR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X02H) ........................... 399  
12.5.3 How to configure the framer to detect Yellow Alarm ............................................................. 400  
ALARM AND ERROR STATUS REGISTER (AESR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X02H) ........................... 400  
ALARM AND ERROR INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER (AEIER) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X03H) ......... 400  
BLOCK INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER (BIER) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X01H) .............................. 400  
12.5.4 How to configure the framer to detect CAS Multi-frame Yellow Alarm .................................. 401  
ALARM AND ERROR STATUS REGISTER (AESR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X02H) ........................... 401  
ALARM AND ERROR INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER (AEIER) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X03H) ........ 401  
12.5.5 How to configure the framer to detect Bipolar Violation ........................................................ 402  
BLOCK INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER (BIER) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X01H) .............................. 402  
ALARM AND ERROR STATUS REGISTER (AESR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X02H) ........................... 402  
12.5.6 How to configure the framer to detect Loss of Signal ........................................................... 403  
ALARM AND ERROR INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER (AEIER) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X03H) ........ 403  
BLOCK INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER (BIER) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X01H) ............................... 403  
ALARM AND ERROR STATUS REGISTER (AESR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X02H) ............................ 403  
13.0 DS1 HDLC Controller Block ............................................................................................................... 404  
13.1 DS1 TRANSMIT HDLC CONTROLLER BLOCK ..................................................................................... 404  
ALARM AND ERROR INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER (AEIER) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X03H) ......... 404  
BLOCK INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER (BIER) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X01H) ............................... 404  
ALARM AND ERROR STATUS REGISTER (AESR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X02H) ............................ 404  
13.1.1 Description of the DS1 Transmit HDLC Controller Block ...................................................... 405  
TRANSMIT DATA LINK SELECT REGISTER (TSDLSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X0AH) .................... 405  
13.1.2 How to configure XRT84L38 to transmit data link information through D or E Channels ..... 406  
DATA LINK CONTROL REGISTER (DLCR) INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X13H) ........................................ 406  
DATA LINK CONTROL REGISTER (DLCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X13H) ....................................... 406  
TRANSMIT CHANNEL CONTROL REGISTER (TCCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN2H, 0X00H - 0X1FH) .......... 406  
13.1.3 Transmit BOS (Bit Oriented Signaling) Processor ................................................................ 407  
TRANSMIT DATA LINK SELECT REGISTER (TSDLSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X0AH) .................... 407  
TRANSMIT DATA LINK BYTE COUNT REGISTER (TDLBCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X14H) ............ 408  
TRANSMIT DATA LINK BYTE COUNT REGISTER (TDLBCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X14H) ............ 408  
DATA LINK CONTROL REGISTER (DLCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X13H) ....................................... 409  
DATA LINK CONTROL REGISTER (DLCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X13H) ...................................... 409  
DATA LINK CONTROL REGISTER (DLCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X13H) ....................................... 409  
DATA LINK INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER (DLIER) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X07H) ....................... 410  
XIII  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
BLOCK INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER (BIER) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X00H) ............................. 410  
DATA LINK STATUS REGISTER (DLSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X06H) ........................................ 410  
13.1.4 Transmit MOS (Message Oriented Signaling) or LAPD Controller ....................................... 411  
DATA LINK CONTROL REGISTER (DLCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X13H) ..................................... 411  
Figure 127. LAPD Controller ......................................................................................................... 411  
Figure 128. LAPD Frame Structure .............................................................................................. 412  
TRANSMIT DATA LINK BYTE COUNT REGISTER (TDLBCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X14H) ............ 415  
TRANSMIT DATA LINK BYTE COUNT REGISTER (TDLBCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X14H) ........... 416  
DATA LINK CONTROL REGISTER (DLCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X13H) ...................................... 416  
DATA LINK CONTROL REGISTER (DLCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X13H) ...................................... 416  
DATA LINK CONTROL REGISTER (DLCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X13H) ..................................... 417  
DATA LINK CONTROL REGISTER (DLCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X13H) ..................................... 417  
DATA LINK INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER (DLIER) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X07H) ..................... 417  
BLOCK INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER (BIER) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X00H) ............................. 418  
DATA LINK STATUS REGISTER (DLSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X06H) ........................................ 418  
13.1.5 Transmit SLCâ96 Data link Controller .................................................................................. 419  
DATA LINK CONTROL REGISTER (DLCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X13H) ..................................... 419  
FRAMING SELECT REGISTER (FSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X07H) ............................................. 420  
TRANSMIT SLC®96 MESSAGE REGISTERS ............................................................................................... 420  
TRANSMIT DATA LINK BYTE COUNT REGISTER (TDLBCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X14H) ........... 421  
DATA LINK INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER (DLIER) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X07H) ...................... 421  
BLOCK INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER (BIER) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X00H) .............................. 422  
DATA LINK STATUS REGISTER (DLSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X06H) ........................................ 422  
DATA LINK CONTROL REGISTER (DLCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X13H) ..................................... 422  
13.2 DS1 RECEIVE HDLC CONTROLLER BLOCK ....................................................................................... 423  
13.2.1 Description of the DS1 Receive HDLC Controller Block ...................................................... 423  
DATA LINK CONTROL REGISTER (DLCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X13H) ..................................... 423  
DATA LINK CONTROL REGISTER (DLCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X13H) ..................................... 423  
RECEIVE DATA LINK SELECT REGISTER (RSDLSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X0CH) ..................... 424  
13.2.2 How to configure XRT84L38 to Receive data link information through D or E Channels ..... 425  
DATA LINK CONTROL REGISTER (DLCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X13H) ..................................... 425  
DATA LINK STATUS REGISTER (DLSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X06H) ........................................ 425  
RECEIVE CHANNEL CONTROL REGISTER (RCCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN2H, 0X60H - 0X7FH) .......... 425  
13.2.3 Receive BOS (Bit Oriented Signaling) Processor ................................................................. 426  
RECEIVE DATA LINK SELECT REGISTER (RSDLSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X0CH) ..................... 426  
DATA LINK INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER (DLIER) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X07H) ..................... 426  
BLOCK INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER (BIER) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X00H) ............................. 427  
DATA LINK STATUS REGISTER (DLSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X06H) ........................................ 427  
DATA LINK INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER (DLIER) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X07H) ..................... 427  
DATA LINK STATUS REGISTER (DLSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X06H) ........................................ 428  
RECEIVE DATA LINK BYTE COUNT REGISTER (RDLBCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X15H) .............. 428  
13.2.4 Receive LAPD Controller ...................................................................................................... 429  
RECEIVE DATA LINK BYTE COUNT REGISTER (RDLBCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X15H) ............. 429  
DATA LINK STATUS REGISTER (DLSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X06H) ......................................... 429  
DATA LINK INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER (DLIER) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X07H) ..................... 430  
BLOCK INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER (BIER) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X00H) ............................. 430  
DATA LINK STATUS REGISTER (DLSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X06H) ........................................ 431  
DATA LINK INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER (DLIER) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X07H) ..................... 431  
DATA LINK STATUS REGISTER (DLSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X06H) ........................................ 432  
DATA LINK INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER (DLIER) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X07H) ..................... 432  
DATA LINK STATUS REGISTER (DLSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X06H) ........................................ 432  
RECEIVE DATA LINK BYTE COUNT REGISTER (RDLBCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X15H) ............. 433  
RECEIVE DATA LINK BYTE COUNT REGISTER (RDLBCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X15H) ............. 433  
DATA LINK STATUS REGISTER (DLSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X06H) ........................................ 433  
XIV  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
13.2.5 Receive SLCâ96 Data link Controller .................................................................................... 434  
RECEIVE SLC®96 MESSAGE REGISTERS .................................................................................................. 434  
DATA LINK INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER (DLIER) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X07H) ...................... 435  
BLOCK INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER (BIER) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X00H) .............................. 435  
DATA LINK STATUS REGISTER (DLSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X06H) ......................................... 435  
DATA LINK INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER (DLIER) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X07H) ...................... 436  
DATA LINK STATUS REGISTER (DLSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X06H) ........................................ 436  
RECEIVE DATA LINK BYTE COUNT REGISTER (RDLBCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X15H) ............. 436  
14.0 E1 HDLC Controller Block .................................................................................................................. 438  
14.1 E1 TRANSMIT HDLC CONTROLLER BLOCK ........................................................................................ 438  
14.1.1 Description of the E1 Transmit HDLC Controller Block ......................................................... 438  
SYNCHRONIZATION MUX REGISTER (SMR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X09H) .................................. 438  
14.1.2 How to configure XRT84L38 to transmit data link information through the National bits (Sa4  
through Sa8) .................................................................................................................................... 439  
DATA LINK CONTROL REGISTER (DLCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X13H) ...................................... 439  
TRANSMIT SIGNALING AND DATA LINK SELECT REGISTER (TSDLSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X0AH) ...  
439  
14.1.3 How to configure XRT84L38 to transmit data link information through Timeslot 16 octet .... 440  
14.1.4 How to configure XRT84L38 to transmit data link information through D or E Channels ..... 440  
TRANSMIT SIGNALING AND DATA LINK SELECT REGISTER (TSDLSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X0AH) ...  
440  
TRANSMIT SIGNALING AND DATA LINK SELECT REGISTER (TSDLSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X0AH) ...  
440  
14.1.5 Transmit BOS (Bit Oriented Signaling) Processor ................................................................ 441  
14.1.6 Transmit MOS (Message Oriented Signaling) or LAPD Controller ....................................... 441  
14.2 E1 RECEIVE HDLC CONTROLLER BLOCK .......................................................................................... 441  
14.2.1 Description of the E1 Receive HDLC Controller Block .......................................................... 441  
TRANSMIT CHANNEL CONTROL REGISTER (TCCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN2H, 0X00H - 0X1FH) ......... 441  
14.2.2 How to configure XRT84L38 to receive data link information through the National bits (Sa4  
through Sa8) .................................................................................................................................... 442  
DATA LINK STATUS REGISTER (DLSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X06H) ........................................ 442  
RECEIVE SIGNALING AND DATA LINK SELECT REGISTER (RSDLSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X0CH) ....  
442  
14.2.3 How to configure XRT84L38 to receive data link information through Timeslot 16 octet ...... 443  
RECEIVE SIGNALING AND DATA LINK SELECT REGISTER (RSDLSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X0CH) ....  
443  
14.2.4 How to configure XRT84L38 to receive data link information through D or E Channels ....... 444  
14.2.5 Receive BOS (Bit Oriented Signaling) Processor ................................................................. 444  
14.2.6 Receive LAPD Controller ...................................................................................................... 444  
RECEIVE SIGNALING AND DATA LINK SELECT REGISTER (RSDLSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X0CH) ....  
444  
RECEIVE CHANNEL CONTROL REGISTER (RCCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN2H, 0X60H - 0X7FH) ........... 444  
15.0 Transmit LIU Interface ........................................................................................................................ 446  
16.0 Receive LIU Interface .......................................................................................................................... 446  
ORDERING INFORMATION ........................................................................................................... 447  
PACKAGE DIMENSIONS ............................................................................................................................. 447  
REVISIONS ............................................................................................................................................... 448  
XV  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
TABLE 1: LIST BY PIN NUMBER  
PIN  
PIN NAME  
PIN  
PIN NAME  
PIN  
PIN NAME  
PIN  
PIN NAME  
A1  
TCK  
B1  
TDI  
C1  
RxNEG_0  
D1  
RxLineClk_0  
A2  
A3  
A4  
A5  
A6  
RxTSb0_0  
RxSig_0  
B2  
B3  
B4  
B5  
B6  
RxSerClk_0  
C2  
C3  
C4  
C5  
C6  
TMS  
D2  
D3  
D4  
D5  
D6  
RxLOS_0  
TDO  
RxSync_0  
RxCASMSync_0  
TxOHClk_0  
NC  
RxMSync_0  
RxCRCMSync_0  
TRST  
RxTSb2_0  
RxTSChn_0  
RxTSClk_0  
RxOHClk_0  
RxSer_0  
RxTSb3_0  
Rx8kHz_0  
RxTSb1_0  
RxFrTD_0  
TxSer_0  
TxMSync_0  
TxInClk_0  
TxSync_0  
A7  
A8  
TxOH_0  
B7  
B8  
NC  
C7  
C8  
RxOH_0  
D7  
D8  
RxTSb4_0  
TxTSb2_0  
Tx12.352MHz_0  
TxTSb3_0  
TxOHSync_0  
TxTSb0_0  
TxSig_0  
TxSerClk_0  
A9  
RxSer_1  
B9  
RxSerClk_1  
C9  
RxMSync_1  
RxCRCMSync_1  
D9  
TxTSb1_0  
TxFrTD_0  
A10  
A11  
A12  
A13  
RxTSb1_1  
RxFrTD_1  
B10  
B11  
B12  
B13  
RxOH_1  
C10  
C11  
C12  
C13  
TxTSb4_0  
D10  
D11  
D12  
D13  
TxTSClk_0  
RxCASMSync_1  
RxSync_1  
RxOHClk_1  
RxTSb2_1  
RxTSChn_1  
RxTSClk_1  
TxSync_1  
NC  
RxTSb0_1  
RxSig_1  
RxTSb4_1  
TxSer_1  
TxMSync_1  
TxInClk_1  
NC  
RxTSb3_1  
Rx8kHz_1  
A14  
A15  
B14  
B15  
TxTSClk_1  
C14  
C15  
TxOH_1  
D14  
D15  
NC  
TxTSb2_1  
Tx12.352MHz_1  
TxTSb1_1  
TxFrTD_1  
TxOHClk_1  
TxTSb0_1  
TxSig_1  
A16  
TxSerClk_1  
B16  
RxSync_2  
C16  
NC  
D16  
TxTSb3_1  
TxOHSync_1  
A17  
A18  
RxSerClk_2  
B17  
B18  
NC  
C17  
C18  
TxTSb4_1  
RxSer_2  
D17  
D18  
NC  
RxTSb0_2  
RxSig_2  
RxCASMSync_2  
RxTSClk_2  
A19  
A20  
RxMSync_2  
RxCRCMSync_2  
B19  
B20  
RxTSb1_2  
RxFrTD_2  
C19  
C20  
RxOH_2  
D19  
D20  
RxOHClk_2  
TxSerClk_2  
NC  
RxTSb2_2  
RxTSChn_2  
RxTSb3_2  
Rx8kHz_2  
A21  
A22  
TxSync_2  
B21  
B22  
RxTSb4_2  
C21  
C22  
TxTSClk_2  
D21  
D22  
TxOHClk_2  
TxTSb4_2  
TxMSync_2  
TxInClk_2  
TxSer_2  
TxTSb1_2  
TxFrTD_2  
A23  
A24  
A25  
A26  
TxTSb0_2  
TxSig_2  
B23  
B24  
B25  
B26  
TxTSb2_2  
Tx12.352MHz_2  
C23  
C24  
C25  
C26  
NC  
D23  
D24  
D25  
D26  
TxOH_2  
RxCASMSync_3  
TxTSClk_3  
TxTSb3_2  
TxOHSync_2  
RxSer_3  
RxOHClk_3  
RxOH_3  
RxSync_3  
RxTSClk_3  
RxTSb0_3  
RxSig_3  
RxMSync_3  
RxCRCMSync_3  
RxTSb1_3  
RxFrTD_3  
RxTSb3_3  
Rx8kHz_3  
16  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
PIN  
PIN NAME  
PIN  
PIN NAME  
PIN  
PIN NAME  
PIN  
PIN NAME  
E1  
NC  
F1  
RxNEG_1  
G1  
RxLineClk_1  
H1  
RxPOS_2  
E2  
E3  
NC  
F2  
F3  
TxLineClk_0  
G2  
G3  
TxLineClk_1  
RxPOS_1  
H2  
H3  
TxNEG_1  
TxMX_1  
TxPOS_0  
TxNRZ_0  
TxNEG_0  
TxMX_0  
TxPOS_1  
TxNRZ_1  
E4  
RxPOS_0  
F4  
NC  
G4  
LOS_0  
H4  
RxLOS_1  
E23  
RxSerClk_3  
F23  
TxOH_3  
G23  
TxSerClk_3  
H23  
TxTSb1_3  
TxFrTD_3  
E24  
RxTSb2_3  
RxTSChn_3  
F24  
TxOHClk_3  
TxSer_3  
G24  
TxTSb0_3  
TxSig_3  
H24  
TxTSb3_3  
TxOHSync_3  
E25  
E26  
TxSync_3  
F25  
F26  
G25  
G26  
CS  
H25  
H26  
NC  
RxTSb4_3  
TxMSync_3  
TxInClk_3  
WR  
NC  
PIN  
PIN NAME  
PIN  
PIN NAME  
PIN  
PIN NAME  
PIN  
PIN NAME  
J1  
RxLOS_2  
K1  
LOS_2  
L1  
TxPOS_3  
TxNRZ_3  
M1  
GPO3  
CS0  
J2  
J3  
J4  
TxLineClk_2  
RxNEG_2  
LOS_1  
K2  
K3  
K4  
TxNEG_2  
TxMX_2  
L2  
L3  
RxPOS_3  
M2  
M3  
LOS_3  
TxPOS_2  
TxNRZ_2  
RxNEG_3  
TxNEG_3  
TxMX_3  
RxLineClk_2  
L4  
RxLOS_3  
VDD  
VDD  
VDD  
VDD  
VDD  
VDD  
A4  
M4  
RxLineClk_3  
L11  
L12  
L13  
L14  
L15  
L16  
L23  
M11  
M12  
M13  
M14  
M15  
M16  
M23  
VDD  
VDD  
VSS  
VSS  
VDD  
VDD  
J23  
TxTSb2_3  
K23  
A6  
NC  
Tx12.352MHz_3  
J24  
J25  
J26  
Data7  
TxTSb4_3  
A5  
K24  
K25  
K26  
Data6  
Data5  
NC  
L24  
L25  
L26  
Data4  
Blast  
A3  
M24  
M25  
M26  
INT  
µPType2  
A2  
17  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
PIN  
PIN NAME  
PIN  
PIN NAME  
PIN  
PIN NAME  
PIN  
PIN NAME  
N1  
GPO0  
SDO0  
P1  
GPO7  
CS1  
R1  
GPO4  
SDO1  
T1  
OSCClk  
N2  
N3  
N4  
GPO2  
SClk0  
P2  
P3  
P4  
GPO6  
SClk1  
R2  
R3  
R4  
RxPOS_4  
T2  
T3  
T4  
RxNEG_4  
GPO1  
SDI0  
Test Mode  
Reset  
RxLineClk_4  
TxLineClk_3  
GPO5  
SDI1  
LOP  
TxPOS_4  
TxNRZ_4  
N11  
N12  
N13  
N14  
N15  
N16  
N23  
N24  
N25  
N26  
VDD  
VDD  
R11  
R12  
R13  
R14  
R15  
R16  
R23  
R24  
R25  
R26  
VDD  
VDD  
VSS  
T11  
T12  
T13  
T14  
T15  
T16  
T23  
T24  
T25  
T26  
VSS  
VSS  
VSS  
P13  
P14  
VSS  
VSS  
VSS  
VSS  
VSS  
VSS  
VDD  
VDD  
VDD  
µPClk  
Data0  
Data1  
RD  
VSS  
VDD  
VSS  
A1  
P23  
P24  
P25  
P26  
RDY_DTACK  
µPType1  
DBEn  
ACK1  
Indirect  
µPType0  
Req0  
ALE_AS  
Data3  
Data2  
A0  
PIN  
PIN NAME  
PIN  
PIN NAME  
PIN  
PIN NAME  
PIN  
PIN NAME  
U1  
RxLOS_4  
V1  
TxNEG_4  
TxMX_4  
W1  
RxNEG_5  
Y1  
RxLOS_5  
U2  
U3  
8kHzRef  
NC  
V2  
V3  
LOS_4  
W2  
W3  
RxPOS_5  
Y2  
Y3  
TxNEG_5  
TxMX_5  
NC  
TxPOS_5  
TxNRZ_5  
TxLineClk_5  
U4  
NC  
V4  
TxLineClk_4  
RxOHClk_4  
W4  
RxLineClk_5  
Y4  
NC  
U23  
Req1  
V23  
W23  
RxTSb3_4  
Rx8kHz_4  
Y23  
TxSerClk_4  
U24  
U25  
U26  
RxSerClk_4  
NC  
V24  
V25  
V26  
RxTSClk_4  
W24  
W25  
W26  
RxTSb0_4  
RxSig_4  
Y24  
Y25  
Y26  
RxCASMSync_4  
RxMSync_4  
RxCRCMSync_4  
RxOH_4  
RxTSb2_4  
RxTSChn_4  
ACK0  
RxSync_4  
RxSer_4  
RxTSb1_4  
RxFrTD_4  
18  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
PIN  
PIN NAME  
PIN  
PIN NAME  
PIN  
PIN NAME  
PIN  
PIN NAME  
AA1  
LOS_5  
AB1  
RxNEG_6  
AC1  
TxNEG_6  
TxMX_6  
AD1  
RxNEG_7  
AA2  
RxPOS_6  
AB2  
TxPOS_6  
TxNRZ_6  
AC2  
RxPOS_7  
AD2  
TxPOS_7  
TxNRZ_7  
AA3  
AA4  
RxLOS_6  
AB3  
AB4  
LOS_6  
AC3  
AC4  
AC5  
AC6  
TxLineClk_6  
TxLineClk_7  
TxTSClk_7  
TxSerClk_7  
RxLineClk_6  
RxLOS_7  
AD5  
AD6  
TxOH_7  
TxTSb1_7  
TxFrTD_7  
AC7  
AC8  
TxTSb0_7  
TxSig_7  
AD7  
AD8  
RxSerClk_7  
RxMSync_7  
RxSer_7  
RxCRCMSync_7  
AC9  
AC10  
AC11  
AC12  
RxTSClk_7  
RxCASMSync_7  
RxOH_7  
AD9  
AD10  
AD11  
AD12  
TxSerClk_6  
RxOHClk_7  
TxTSb4_6  
TxTSb3_6  
RxCASMSync_6  
TxOHSync_6  
AC13  
TxTSb0_6  
TxSig_6  
AD13  
TxOHClk_6  
AC14  
AC15  
AC16  
TxOH_6  
AD14  
AD15  
AD16  
RxSync_6  
RxTSb4_6  
RxSerClk_6  
RxTSb0_6  
RxSig_6  
RxTSb2_6  
RxTSChn_6  
AC17  
AC18  
TxOH_5  
AD17  
AD18  
RxOHClk_6  
TxSerClk_5  
TxTSb3_5  
TxOHSync_5  
AC19  
AC20  
AC21  
TxSync_5  
RxOH_5  
AD19  
AD20  
AD21  
TxSer_5  
TxOHClk_5  
RxTSb4_5  
RxTSb1_5  
RxFrTD_5  
AC22  
RxSync_5  
AD22  
RxTSb0_5  
RxSig_5  
AA23  
AA24  
TxSync_4  
TxOH_4  
AC23  
AC24  
NC  
AD23  
AD24  
RxCASMSync_5  
AB24  
TxTSB0_4  
TxSig_4  
TxTSb1_4  
TxFrTD_4  
RxMSync_5  
RxCRCMSync_5  
AA25  
AA26  
NC  
AB25  
AB26  
TxTSClk_4  
AC25  
AC26  
TxOHClk_4  
AD25  
AD26  
RxTSClk_5  
RxTSb4_4  
TxSer_4  
TxMSync_4  
TxInClk_4  
NC  
19  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
PIN  
PIN NAME  
PIN  
PIN NAME  
AE1  
TxNEG_7  
TxMX_7  
AF1  
LOS_7  
AE2  
AE3  
AE4  
RxLineClk_7  
AF2  
AF3  
AF4  
NC  
NC  
TxOHClk_7  
TxTSb4_7  
TxTSb3_7  
TxOHSync_7  
AE5  
AE6  
TxTSb2_7  
Tx12.352MHz_7  
AF5  
AF6  
TxSer_7  
TxSync_7  
RxTSb4_7  
TxMSync_7  
TxInClk_7  
AE7  
AE8  
RxSync_7  
AF7  
AF8  
RxTSb3_7  
Rx8kHz_7  
RxTSb2_7  
RxTSChn_7  
AE9  
RxTSb1_7  
RxFrTD_7  
AF9  
RxTSb0_7  
RxSig_7  
AE10  
TxSync_6  
AF10  
TxMSync_6  
TxInClk_6  
AE11  
AE12  
TxSer_6  
AF11  
AF12  
NC  
TxTSb2_6  
Tx12.352MHz_6  
TxTSb1_6  
TxFrTD_6  
AE13  
TxTSClk_6  
AF13  
RxMSync_6  
RxCRCMSync_6  
AE14  
AE15  
AE16  
NC  
NC  
AF14  
AF15  
AF16  
NC  
RxTSClk_6  
RxSer_6  
RxTSb3_6  
Rx8kHz_6  
AE17  
NC  
AF17  
RxTSb1_6  
RxFrTD_6  
AE18  
AE19  
TxTSb4_5  
AF18  
AF19  
RxOH_6  
TxTSb2_5  
Tx12.352MHz_5  
TxTSb1_5  
TxFrTD_5  
AE20  
AE21  
AE22  
AE23  
TxTSClk_5  
AF20  
AF21  
AF22  
AF23  
TxTSb0_5  
TxSig_5  
RxOHClk_5  
TxMSync_5  
TxInClk_5  
RxTSb3_5  
Rx8kHz_5  
NC  
RxSer_5  
RxTSb2_5  
RxTSChn_5  
AE24  
AE25  
AE26  
TxTSb4_4  
NC  
AF24  
AF25  
AF26  
NC  
RxSerClk_5  
TxTSb2_4  
TxTSb3_4  
Tx12.352MHz_4  
TxOHSync_4  
20  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
áç  
1.0.0  
PIN DESCRIPTIONS  
TRANSMIT SERIAL DATA INPUT  
(Framer Channel Number indicated by _n)  
SIGNAL NAME  
PIN #  
TYPE  
DESCRIPTION  
TxSer_0  
TxSer_1  
TxSer_2  
TxSer_3  
TxSer_4  
TxSer_5  
TxSer_6  
TxSer_7  
B6  
A14  
B22  
I
Transmit Serial Data Input—Transmit Framer_n:  
This input pin along with TxSerClk_n functions as the Transmit Serial input port  
for Framer_n.  
F25  
DS1 Mode:  
AB26  
AD19  
AE11  
AF5  
Any payload data applied to this pin would be inserted into a DS1 frame and  
output onto the T1 line via the TxPOS_n and TxNEG_n output pins. If  
Framer_n is configured accordingly, the framing alignment bits, the facility data  
link bits and the CRC-6 bits can also be inserted to input pin.The signal applied  
to this input pin can be latched to the Transmit Payload Data Input Interface on  
either the rising edge or the falling edge of TxSerClk_n according to configura-  
tions of Framer_n.  
E1 Mode:  
Any payload data applied to this pin would be inserted into an E1 frame and  
output onto the E1 line via the TxPOS_n and TxNEG_n output pins. All data  
intended to be transported via Time Slots 1 through 15 and Time slots 17  
through 31, within each E1 frame, must be applied to this input pin. If Framer_n  
is configured accordingly, data intended for Time Slots 0 and 16 can also be  
applied to this input pin.  
21  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
TRANSMIT SERIAL DATA INPUT  
(Framer Channel Number indicated by _n)  
SIGNAL NAME  
PIN #  
TYPE  
DESCRIPTION  
TxSerClk_0  
TxSerClk_1  
TxSerClk_2  
TxSerClk_3  
TxSerClk_4  
TxSerClk_5  
TxSerClk_6  
TxSerClk_7  
D8  
A16  
D20  
G23  
Y23  
AC18  
AD9  
AC6  
I or O Transmit Serial Clock Signal --Transmit Framer_n:  
This clock signal is used by the Transmit payload data Input Interface, to latch  
the contents of the TxSer_n signal into the Octal T1/E1/J1 Framer IC. Data that  
is applied at the TxSer_n input is latched into the Transmit payload data Input  
Interface (for Framer_n) on either the rising edge or the falling edge of  
TxSerClk_n depending on configurations of Framer_n. TxSerClk_n can either  
be an input or an output.  
DS1 Mode:  
Transmit Back-plane Interface-1.544 MHz Clock Mode  
If TxMUXEN = 0 and TxIMODE[1:0] = 00 in Transmit interface control register,  
Transmit back-plane interface of Framer_n is taking data at a rate of 1.544  
Mbit/s. If the Transmit Section of Framer_n has been configured to use the  
TxSerClk_n signal as the timing source, then this signal will be an Input. If the  
Transmit Section of Framer_n has been configured to use either the  
RxLineClk_n signal or the OSCClk signal as the timing source, then  
TxSerClk_n will be an Output.  
Transmit Back-plane Interface-High Speed Clock Mode  
If TxMUXEN 0 and TxIMODE[1:0] 00 in Transmit interface control register,  
Transmit back-plane interface of Framer_n is operating at a high-speed mode  
and is taking data at rates of 2.048 Mbit/s, 4.096 Mbit/s, 8.192 Mbit/s, 12.352  
Mbit/s or 16.384 Mbit/s. The TxSerClk_n signal will be an Input clock signal  
running at 1.544 MHz.  
E1 Mode:  
Transmit Back-plane Interface-2.048 MHz Clock Mode  
If TxMUXEN = 0 and TxIMODE[1:0] = 00 in Transmit interface control register,  
Transmit back-plane interface of Framer_n is taking data at a rate of 2.048  
Mbit/s. If the Transmit Section of Framer_n has been configured to use the  
TxSerClk_n signal as the timing source, then this signal will be an Input. If the  
Transmit Section of Framer_n has been configured to use either the  
RxLineClk_n signal or the OSCClk signal as the timing source, then  
TxSerClk_n will be an Output.  
Transmit Back-plane Interface-High Speed Clock Mode  
If TxMUXEN 0 or TxIMODE[1:0] 00 in Transmit interface control register,  
Transmit back-plane interface of Framer_n is operating at a high-speed mode.  
The TxSerClk_n signal will be an Input clock signal running at 2.048 MHz.  
22  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
áç  
1.0.0  
TRANSMIT SERIAL DATA INPUT  
(Framer Channel Number indicated by _n)  
SIGNAL NAME  
PIN #  
TYPE  
DESCRIPTION  
TxSync_0  
TxSync_1  
TxSync_2  
TxSync_3  
TxSync_4  
TxSync_5  
TxSync_6  
TxSync_7  
D6  
A12  
A21  
I or O Single Frame Sync Pulse Input/Output—Transmit Framer_n:  
This pin is configured to be an input if the TxSerClk_n input pin is configured  
to be the timing reference for the Transmit Portion of Framer_n. This pin is con-  
figured as an output if the RxLineClk_n input pin or the OSCClk input pins are  
configured to be the timing reference for the Transmit portion of Framer_n.  
DS1 Mode:  
E25  
AA23  
AC19  
AE10  
AF6  
When pin is configured to be an Input  
If this pin is configured to be an input, then the user must pulse this pin "High"  
for one period of TxSerClk_n, when the Transmit payload data Input Interface  
(of Framer_n) is processing the first bit (F-bit) of an outbound DS1 frame.  
NOTE: It is imperative that the TxSync_n input signal be synchronized with the  
TxSerClk_n input signal.  
When pin is configured to be an Output  
If this pin is configured to be an output, then it will pulse "High", for one period  
of TxSerClk_n, when the Transmit payload data Input Interface (of Framer_n)  
is processing the last payload bit within an outbound DS1 frame.  
E1 Mode:  
When pin is configured to be an Input  
If this pin is configured to be an input, then the user must pulse this pin "High"  
for one period of TxSerClk_n, when the Transmit payload data Input Interface  
(of Framer_n) is processing the International Bit (Si) of an outbound E1 frame.  
NOTE: It is imperative that the TxSync_n input signal be synchronized with the  
TxSerClk_n input signal.  
When pin is configured to be an Output  
If this pin is configured to be an output, then it will pulse "High", for one period  
of TxSerClk_n, when the Transmit payload data Input Interface (of Framer_n)  
is processing the last bit within a given outbound E1 frame.  
23  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
TRANSMIT SERIAL DATA INPUT  
(Framer Channel Number indicated by _n)  
SIGNAL NAME  
PIN #  
TYPE  
DESCRIPTION  
TxMSync_0  
TxMSync_1  
TxMSync_2  
TxMSync_3  
TxMSync_4  
TxMSync_5  
TxMSync_6  
TxMSync_7  
C6  
B13  
A22  
I or O Multiframe Sync Pulse Input/Output—Framer_n:  
This signal indicates the boundary of an outbound multi-frame.  
DS1 Mode:  
F26  
Transmit Back-plane Interface-1.544 MHz Clock Mode  
If TxMUXEN = 0 and TxIMODE[1:0] = 00 in Transmit interface control register,  
Transmit back-plane interface of Framer_n is taking data at a rate of 1.544  
Mbit/s. This pin is configured to be an Input if the TxSerClk_n input pin is con-  
figured to be the timing reference for the Transmit section of Framer_n. Con-  
versely, this pin will be configured as an Output if the RxLineClk input pin or  
the OSCClk input pins are configured to be the timing reference for the Trans-  
mit section of Framer_n.The roles of these pins when configured as input or  
output, is described below.  
AC26  
AF21  
AF10  
AE6  
When pin is configured to be an Input  
If this pin is configured to be an input, this pin must be pulsed "High" for one  
period of TxSerClk_n, the instant that the Transmit payload data Interface (of  
Framer_n) is processing the first bit of a DS1 Multi-frame.  
NOTE: It is imperative that the TxMSync_n input signal be synchronized with  
the TxSerClk_n input signal.  
When pin is configured to be an Output  
If this pin is configured to be an output, then it will pulse "High", for one period  
of TxSerClk_n, when the Transmit payload data Input Interface (of Framer_n)  
is processing the last bit of a DS1 Multi-frame.  
E1 Mode:  
Transmit Back-plane Interface-2.048 MHz Clock Mode  
If TxMUXEN = 0 and TxIMODE[1:0] = 00 in Transmit interface control register,  
Transmit back-plane interface of Framer_n is taking data at a rate of 2.048  
Mbit/s. This pin is configured to be an Input if the TxSerClk_n input pin is con-  
figured to be the timing reference for the Transmit section of Framer_n. Con-  
versely, this pin will be configured as an Output if the RxLineClk input pin or  
the OSCClk input pins are configured to be the timing reference for the Trans-  
mit section of Framer_n.  
When pin is configured to be an Input  
If this pin is configured to be an input, this pin must be pulsed "High" for one  
period of TxSerClk_n, the instant that the Transmit payload data Interface (of  
Framer_n) is processing the first International Bit (Si) of an "outbound" CRC  
payload data Multiframe.  
NOTES:  
1. This pin is ignored if CRC Multiframe Alignment has been disabled.  
2. It is imperative that the TxMSync_n input signal be synchronized with  
the TxSerClk_n input signal.  
When pin is configured to be an Output  
If this pin is configured to be an output, then it will pulse "High", for one period  
of TxSerClk_n, when the Transmit payload data Input Interface (of Framer_n)  
is processing the last bit, within an "outbound" CRC Multi-frame.  
NOTES:  
1. This pin is inactive if CRC Multi-frame Alignment has been disabled.  
2. The purpose of this output pin is to permit the Terminal Equipment to  
maintain alignment with the "outbound" CRC-Multi-frame structure.  
24  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
áç  
1.0.0  
TRANSMIT SERIAL DATA INPUT  
(Framer Channel Number indicated by _n)  
SIGNAL NAME  
PIN #  
TYPE  
DESCRIPTION  
TxInClk_0  
TxInClk_1  
TxInClk_2  
TxInClk_3  
TxInClk_4  
TxInClk_5  
TxInClk_6  
TxInClk_7  
C6  
B13  
A22  
I
Transmit Input Clock Signal -- Transmit Framer _n  
If TxMUXEN 0 or TxIMODE[1:0] 00 in Transmit interface control register,  
Transmit back-plane interface of Framer_n is operating at a high-speed mode.  
This pin will function as an input clock signal for the high-speed Transmit back-  
plane interface.  
F26  
AC26  
AF21  
AF10  
AE6  
DS1 Mode:  
Transmit Back-plane Interface-MVIP, 2.048 MHz Clock Mode  
If TxMUXEN = 0 and TxIMODE[1:0] = 01 in Transmit interface control register,  
Transmit back-plane interface of Framer_n is taking data at a rate of 2.048  
Mbit/s. The TxInClk_n signal will be an Input clock signal running at 2.048  
MHz.  
Transmit Back-plane Interface-4.096 MHz Clock Mode  
If TxMUXEN = 0 and TxIMODE[1:0] = 10 in Transmit interface control register,  
Transmit back-plane interface of Framer_n is taking data at a rate of 4.096  
Mbit/s. The TxInClk_n signal will be an Input clock signal running at 4.096  
MHz.  
Transmit Back-plane Interface-8.192 MHz Clock Mode  
If TxMUXEN = 0 and TxIMODE[1:0] = 11 in Transmit interface control register,  
Transmit back-plane interface of Framer_n is taking data at a rate of 8.192  
Mbit/s. The TxInClk_n signal will be an Input clock signal running at 8.192  
MHz.  
Transmit Back-plane Interface-Multiplexed at 12.352 MHz Clock Mode  
If TxMUXEN = 1 and TxIMODE[1:0] = 00 in Transmit interface control register,  
Transmit back-plane interface of Framer_n is taking multiplexed data at a rate  
of 12.352 Mbit/s. TxInClk_0 and TxInClk_4 signals will be Input clock signals  
running at 12.352 MHz. TxInClk_1, 2, 3 and TxInClk_5, 6, 7 signals are not  
required. Transmit Payload data of Channel 0, 1, 2 and 3 are multiplexed and  
latched into Transmit back-plane interface using clock edge of TxInClk_0 via  
TxSer_0 input pin. Transmit Payload data of Channel 4, 5, 6 and 7 are multi-  
plexed and latched into Transmit back-plane interface using clock edge of  
TxInClk_4 via TxSer_4 input pin. Inside the Octal Framer, data will be de-multi-  
plexed into 8 channels from the serial inputs of Channel 0 and 4.  
Transmit Back-plane Interface-Multiplexed at 16.384 MHz Clock Mode  
If TxMUXEN = 1 and TxIMODE[1:0] = 01 in Transmit interface control register,  
Transmit back-plane interface of Framer_n is taking multiplexed data at a rate  
of 16.384 Mbit/s. TxInClk_0 and TxInClk_4 signals will be Input clock signals  
running at 16.384 MHz. TxInClk_1, 2, 3 and TxInClk_5, 6, 7 signals are not  
required. Transmit Payload data of Channel 0, 1, 2 and 3 are multiplexed and  
latched into Transmit back-plane interface using clock edge of TxInClk_0 via  
TxSer_0 input pin. Transmit Payload data of Channel 4, 5, 6 and 7 are multi-  
plexed and latched into Transmit back-plane interface using clock edge of  
TxInClk_4 via TxSer_4 input pin. Inside the Octal Framer, data will be de-multi-  
plexed into 8 channels from the serial inputs of Channel 0 and 4.  
Transmit Back-plane Interface-HMVIP, 16.384 MHz Clock Mode  
If TxMUXEN = 1 and TxIMODE[1:0] = 10 in Transmit interface control register,  
Transmit back-plane interface of Framer_n is taking multiplexed data at a rate  
of 16.384 Mbit/s. TxInClk_0 and TxInClk_4 signals will be Input clock signals  
running at 16.384 MHz. TxInClk_1, 2, 3 and TxInClk_5, 6, 7 signals are not  
required. Transmit Payload data of Channel 0, 1, 2 and 3 are multiplexed and  
latched into Transmit back-plane interface using clock edge of TxInClk_0 via  
TxSer_0 input pin. Transmit Payload data of Channel 4, 5, 6 and 7 are multi-  
plexed and latched into Transmit back-plane interface using clock edge of  
TxInClk_4 via TxSer_4 input pin. Inside the Octal Framer, data will be de-multi-  
plexed into 8 channels from the serial inputs of Channel 0 and 4.  
25  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
TRANSMIT SERIAL DATA INPUT  
(Framer Channel Number indicated by _n)  
SIGNAL NAME  
PIN #  
TYPE  
DESCRIPTION  
TxInClk_0  
TxInClk_1  
TxInClk_2  
TxInClk_3  
TxInClk_4  
TxInClk_5  
TxInClk_6  
TxInClk_7  
C6  
B13  
A22  
I
Transmit Input Clock Signal -- Transmit Framer _n (continued)  
Transmit Back-plane Interface-H.100, 16.384 MHz Clock Mode  
If TxMUXEN = 1 and TxIMODE[1:0] = 11 in Transmit interface control register,  
Transmit back-plane interface of Framer_n is taking multiplexed data at a rate  
of 16.384 Mbit/s. TxInClk_0 and TxInClk_4 signals will be Input clock signals  
running at 16.384 MHz. TxInClk_1, 2, 3 and TxInClk_5, 6, 7 signals are not  
required. Transmit Payload data of Channel 0, 1, 2 and 3 are multiplexed and  
latched into Transmit back-plane interface using clock edge of TxInClk_0 via  
TxSer_0 input pin. Transmit Payload data of Channel 4, 5, 6 and 7 are multi-  
plexed and latched into Transmit back-plane interface using clock edge of  
TxInClk_4 via TxSer_4 input pin. Inside the Octal Framer, data will be de-multi-  
plexed into 8 channels from the serial inputs of Channel 0 and 4.  
E1 Mode:  
F26  
AC26  
AF21  
AF10  
AE6  
Transmit Back-plane Interface-2.048 MHz Clock Mode  
If TxMUXEN = 0 and TxIMODE[1:0] = 01 in Transmit interface control register,  
Transmit back-plane interface of Framer_n is taking data at a rate of 2.048  
Mbit/s. The TxInClk_n signal will be an Input clock signal running at 2.048  
MHz.  
Transmit Back-plane Interface-4.096 MHz Clock Mode  
If TxMUXEN = 0 and TxIMODE[1:0] = 10 in Transmit interface control register,  
Transmit back-plane interface of Framer_n is taking data at a rate of 4.096  
Mbit/s. The TxInClk_n signal will be an Input clock signal running at 4.096  
MHz.  
Transmit Back-plane Interface-8.192 MHz Clock Mode  
If TxMUXEN = 0 and TxIMODE[1:0] = 11 in Transmit interface control register,  
Transmit back-plane interface of Framer_n is taking data at a rate of 8.192  
Mbit/s. The TxInClk_n signal will be an Input clock signal running at 8.192  
MHz.  
Transmit Back-plane Interface-Multiplexed at 16.384 MHz Clock Mode  
If TxMUXEN = 1 and TxIMODE[1:0] = 01 in Transmit interface control register,  
Transmit back-plane interface of Framer_n is taking multiplexed data at a rate  
of 16.384 Mbit/s. TxInClk_0 and TxInClk_4 signals will be Input clock signals  
running at 16.384 MHz. TxInClk_1, 2, 3 and TxInClk_5, 6, 7 signals are not  
required. Transmit Payload data of Channel 0, 1, 2 and 3 are multiplexed and  
latched into Transmit back-plane interface using clock edge of TxInClk_0 via  
TxSer_0 input pin. Transmit Payload data of Channel 4, 5, 6 and 7 are multi-  
plexed and latched into Transmit back-plane interface using clock edge of  
TxInClk_4 via TxSer_4 input pin. Inside the Octal Framer, data will be de-multi-  
plexed into 8 channels from the serial inputs of Channel 0 and 4.  
Transmit Back-plane Interface-HMVIP, 16.384 MHz Clock Mode  
If TxMUXEN = 1 and TxIMODE[1:0] = 10 in Transmit interface control register,  
Transmit back-plane interface of Framer_n is taking multiplexed data at a rate  
of 16.384 Mbit/s. TxInClk_0 and TxInClk_4 signals will be Input clock signals  
running at 16.384 MHz. TxInClk_1, 2, 3 and TxInClk_5, 6, 7 signals are not  
required. Transmit Payload data of Channel 0, 1, 2 and 3 are multiplexed and  
latched into Transmit back-plane interface using clock edge of TxInClk_0 via  
TxSer_0 input pin. Transmit Payload data of Channel 4, 5, 6 and 7 are multi-  
plexed and latched into Transmit back-plane interface using clock edge of  
TxInClk_4 via TxSer_4 input pin. Inside the Octal Framer, data will be de-multi-  
plexed into 8 channels from the serial inputs of Channel 0 and 4.  
26  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
áç  
1.0.0  
TRANSMIT SERIAL DATA INPUT  
(Framer Channel Number indicated by _n)  
SIGNAL NAME  
PIN #  
TYPE  
DESCRIPTION  
TxInClk_0  
TxInClk_1  
TxInClk_2  
TxInClk_3  
TxInClk_4  
TxInClk_5  
TxInClk_6  
TxInClk_7  
C6  
B13  
A22  
I
Transmit Input Clock Signal -- Transmit Framer _n (continued)  
Transmit Back-plane Interface-H.100, 16.384 MHz Clock Mode  
If TxMUXEN = 1 and TxIMODE[1:0] = 11 in Transmit interface control register,  
Transmit back-plane interface of Framer_n is taking multiplexed data at a rate  
of 16.384 Mbit/s. TxInClk_0 and TxInClk_4 signals will be Input clock signals  
running at 16.384 MHz. TxInClk_1, 2, 3 and TxInClk_5, 6, 7 signals are not  
required. Transmit Payload data of Channel 0, 1, 2 and 3 are multiplexed and  
latched into Transmit back-plane interface using clock edge of TxInClk_0 via  
TxSer_0 input pin. Transmit Payload data of Channel 4, 5, 6 and 7 are multi-  
plexed and latched into Transmit back-plane interface using clock edge of  
TxInClk_4 via TxSer_4 input pin. Inside the Octal Framer, data will be de-multi-  
plexed into 8 channels from the serial inputs of Channel 0 and 4.  
F26  
AC26  
AF21  
AF10  
AE6  
TxTSb0_0  
TxTSb0_1  
TxTSb0_2  
TxTSb0_3  
TxTSb0_4  
TxTSb0_5  
TxTSb0_6  
TxTSb0_7  
C8  
D15  
A23  
G24  
AB24  
AF20  
AC13  
AC7  
O
Transmit Framer_n--Time Slot Octet Identifier Output-Bit [0:4]:  
These output signals (TxTSb4_n through TxTSb0_n) reflects the five-bit binary  
value of the number of Time Slot (in the incoming DS1 frame), being accepted  
and processed by the Transmit Payload Data Input Interface block associated  
with Framer_n.  
Terminal Equipment should use the TxTSClk_n clock signal to sample the five  
output pins of each channel in order to identify the time-slot being processed  
by the Transmit Payload Data Input Interface block of Framer_n.  
TxSig_0  
TxSig_1  
TxSig_2  
TxSig_3  
TxSig_4  
TxSig_5  
TxSig_6  
TxSig_7  
C8  
D15  
A23  
G24  
AB24  
AF20  
AC13  
AC7  
I
Transmit Serial Signaling Input--Transmit Framer_n  
These pins can be used to input robbed-bit signaling data within an outbound  
DS1 frame or to input Channel Associated Signaling (CAS) bits within an out-  
bound E1 frame, if Framer_n is configured accordingly.  
TxTSb1_0  
TxTSb1_1  
TxTSb1_2  
TxTSb1_3  
TxTSb1_4  
TxTSb1_5  
TxTSb1_6  
TxTSb1_7  
D9  
B15  
C22  
O
Transmit Framer_n--Time Slot Octet Identifier Output-Bit 1:  
These output signals (TxTSb4_n through TxTSb0_n) reflects the five-bit binary  
value of the number of Time Slot (in the incoming DS1 frame), being accepted  
and processed by the Transmit Payload Data Input Interface block associated  
with Framer_n.  
Terminal Equipment should use the TxTSClk_n clock signal to sample the five  
output pins of each channel in order to identify the time-slot being processed  
by the Transmit Payload Data Input Interface block of Framer_n.  
H23  
AC24  
AF19  
AF12  
AD6  
TxFrTD_0  
TxFrTD_1  
TxFrTD_2  
TxFrTD_3  
TxFrTD_4  
TxFrTD_5  
TxFrTD_6  
TxFrTD_7  
D9  
B15  
C22  
I
Transmit Serial Fractional T1/E1 Input--Transmit Framer_n  
These pins can be used to input fractional DS1/E1 payload data within an out-  
bound DS1/E1 frame, if Framer_n is configured accordingly. In this mode, ter-  
minal equipment will use either TxTSClk_n or TxSerClk_n output pins to clock  
out fractional DS1/E1 payload data. Framer_n will then use TxTSClk_n or  
TxSerClk_n to clock in fractional DS1/E1 payload data. Please see pin  
description of TxTSClk_n for details.  
H23  
AC24  
AF19  
AF12  
AD6  
27  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
TRANSMIT SERIAL DATA INPUT  
(Framer Channel Number indicated by _n)  
SIGNAL NAME  
PIN #  
TYPE  
DESCRIPTION  
TxTSb2_0  
TxTSb2_1  
TxTSb2_2  
TxTSb2_3  
TxTSb2_4  
TxTSb2_5  
TxTSb2_6  
TxTSb2_7  
A8  
A15  
B23  
J23  
AE26  
AE19  
AE12  
AE5  
O
Transmit Framer_n--Time Slot Octet Identifier Output-Bit 2:  
These output signals (TxTSb4_n through TxTSb0_n) reflects the five-bit binary  
value of the number of Time Slot (in the incoming DS1 frame) being accepted  
and processed by the Transmit Payload Data Input Interface block associated  
with Framer_n.  
Terminal Equipment should use the TxTSClk_n clock signal to sample the five  
output pins of each channel in order to identify the time-slot being processed  
by the Transmit Payload Data Input Interface block of Framer_n.  
If TxTSb1_n pin is configured as TxFrTD_n to input fractional DS1 payload  
data into Framer_n, the TxTSb2_n pin will serially output the five-bit binary  
value of the number of the Time Slot being accepted and processed by the  
Transmit Payload Data Input Interface block associated with Framer_n.  
Tx12.352MHz_0  
Tx12.352MHz_1  
Tx12.352MHz_2  
Tx12.352MHz_3  
Tx12.352MHz_4  
Tx12.352MHz_5  
Tx12.352MHz_6  
Tx12.352MHz_7  
A8  
A15  
B23  
J23  
AE26  
AE19  
AE12  
AE5  
O
Transmit 12.352MHz Clock Output-Transmit Framer_n:  
These pins can be used to output 12.352MHz clock derived from OSCClk, if  
Framer_n is configured accordingly.  
TxTSb3_0  
TxTSb3_1  
TxTSb3_2  
TxTSb3_3  
TxTSb3_4  
TxTSb3_5  
TxTSb3_6  
TxTSb3_7  
B8  
D16  
A24  
H24  
AF26  
AD18  
AC12  
AF4  
O
Transmit Framer_n-Time Slot Octet Identifier Output-Bit 3:  
These output signals (TxTSb4_n through TxTSb0_n) reflects the five-bit binary  
value of the number of Time Slot (in the incoming DS1 frame) being accepted  
and processed by the Transmit Payload Data Input Interface block associated  
with Framer_n.  
Terminal Equipment should use the TxTSClk_n clock signal to sample the five  
output pins of each channel in order to identify the time-slot being processed  
by the Transmit Payload Data Input Interface block of Framer_n.  
TxOHSync_0  
TxOHSync_1  
TxOHSync_2  
TxOHSync_3  
TxOHSync_4  
TxOHSync_5  
TxOHSync_6  
TxOHSync_7  
B8  
D16  
A24  
H24  
AF26  
AD18  
AC12  
AF4  
O
Transmit Overhead Synchronization Pulse--Transmit Framer_n:  
These pins can be used to output Overhead Synchronization Pulse that indi-  
cate the first bit of each multi-frame, if Framer_n is configured accordingly.  
TxTSb4_0  
TxTSb4_1  
TxTSb4_2  
TxTSb4_3  
TxTSb4_4  
TxTSb4_5  
TxTSb4_6  
TxTSb4_7  
C10  
C17  
D22  
O
Transmit Framer_n--Time Slot Octet Identifier Output-Bit 4:  
These output signals (TxTSb4_n through TxTSb0_n) reflects the five-bit binary  
value of the number of Time Slot (in the incoming DS1 frame) being accepted  
and processed by the Transmit Payload Data Input Interface block associated  
with Framer_n.  
Terminal Equipment should use the TxTSClk_n clock signal to sample the five  
output pins of each channel in order to identify the time-slot being processed  
by the Transmit Payload Data Input Interface block of Framer_n.  
J25  
AE24  
AE18  
AD11  
AE4  
28  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
áç  
1.0.0  
TRANSMIT SERIAL DATA INPUT  
(Framer Channel Number indicated by _n)  
SIGNAL NAME  
PIN #  
TYPE  
DESCRIPTION  
TxTSClk_0  
TxTSClk_1  
TxTSClk_2  
TxTSClk_3  
TxTSClk_4  
TxTSClk_5  
TxTSClk_6  
TxTSClk_7  
D10  
B14  
C21  
O
Transmit Channel Clock Output Signal—Framer_n:  
This pin indicates the boundary of each time slot of an outbound DS1/E1  
frame.  
D25  
DS1 Mode:  
AB25  
AE20  
AE13  
AC5  
Each of these output pins are a 192kHz clock output which pulses "High"  
whenever the Transmit Payload Data Input Interface block accepts the LSB of  
each of the 24 time slots, within the DS1 data stream, being processed via  
Framer _n. The Terminal Equipment should use this clock signal to sample the  
TxTSb0_n through TxTSb4_n output signals and identify the time-slot being  
processed via the "Transmit Section" of each Framer_n.  
If TxTSb1_n pin is configured as TxFrTD_n to input fractional DS1 payload  
data into Framer_n, the TxTSClk_n pin can be configured to function as one of  
the following:  
The pin will output gaped fractional DS1 clock that can be used by terminal  
equipment to clock out fractional DS1 payload data at rising edge of the clock.  
Framer_n will then input fractional DS1 payload data using falling edge of the  
clock.Otherwise, this pin will be a clock enable signal to Transmit fractional  
DS1 Input (TxFrTD_n) if Framer_n is configured accordingly. In this mode, frac-  
tional DS1 payload data is clocked into the chip using un-gaped TxSerClk_n.  
E1 Mode:  
Each of these output pins are a 256kHz clock output which pulses "High"  
whenever the Transmit Payload Data Input Interface block accepts the LSB of  
each of the 32 time slots, within the E1 data stream, being processed via  
Framer _n. The Terminal Equipment should use this clock signal to sample the  
TxTSb0_n through TxTSb4_n output signals, and identify the time-slot being  
processed via the "Transmit Section" of each Framer_n.  
If TxTSb1_n pin is configured as TxFrTD_n to input fractional E1 payload data  
into Framer_n, the TxTSClk_n pin can be configured to function as one of the  
following: The pin will output gaped fractional E1 clock that can be used by ter-  
minal equipment to clock out fractional E1 payload data at rising edge of the  
clock. Framer_n will then input fractional E1 payload data using falling edge of  
the clock.Otherwise, this pin will be a clock enable signal to Transmit fractional  
E1 Input (TxFrTD_n) if Framer_n is configured accordingly. In this mode, frac-  
tional E1 payload data is clocked into the chip using un-gaped TxSerClk_n.  
29  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
OVERHEAD INTERFACE  
(Framer Channel Number indicated by _n)  
SIGNAL NAME  
PIN #  
TYPE  
DESCRIPTION  
TxOH_0  
TxOH_1  
TxOH_2  
TxOH_3  
TxOH_4  
TxOH_5  
TxOH_6  
TxOH_7  
A7  
C14  
D23  
F23  
AA24  
AC17  
AC14  
AD5  
I
Transmit Overhead Input—Framer_n:  
This input pin, along with TxOHClk_n functions as the Transmit Overhead input  
port for Framer_n.  
DS1 Mode:  
This input pin will become active if the Transmit Section of Framer_n has been  
configured to use this input as the source of Facility Data Link bits in ESF fram-  
ing mode, Fs bits in the SLC96 and N framing mode, and R bit in T1DM mode.  
The data that is input into this pin will be inserted into the Data Link Bits within  
the outbound DS1 frames at the falling edge of TxOHClk_n.  
NOTE: This input pin will be disabled if Framer_n is using the Transmit HDLC  
Controller, or the TxSer_n input as the source for the Data Link Bits.  
E1 Mode:  
This input pin will become active if the Transmit Section of Framer_n has been  
configured to use this input as the source of Data Link bits. The data that is input  
into this pin will be inserted into the Sa4 through Sa8 bits (the National Bits)  
within the outbound non-FAS E1 frames.  
NOTE: This input pin will be disabled if Framer_n is using the Transmit HDLC  
Controller, or the TxSer_n input as the source for the Data Link Bits.  
TxOHClk_0  
TxOHClk_1  
TxOHClk_2  
TxOHClk_3  
TxOHClk_4  
TxOHClk_5  
TxOHClk_6  
TxOHClk_7  
A5  
C15  
D21  
F24  
AC25  
AD20  
AD13  
AF3  
O
Transmit OH Serial Clock Output Signal—Framer_n:  
This output clock signal functions as a demand clock signal for the "Transmit  
Overhead Data Input Interface" block associated with Framer_n.  
DS1 Mode:  
If the "Transmit Overhead Data Input Interface" has been configured to be the  
source of Facility Data Link bits in ESF framing mode, Fs bits in the SLC96 and  
N framing mode, and R bit in T1DM framing mode, then the Transmit Overhead  
data Input Interface block will provide a clock edge for each Data Link Bit.  
Data Link Equipment, which is interfaced to this pin, should update its data (on  
the TxOH_n line) on the rising edge of this clock signal. The Transmit Overhead  
Data Input Interface will latch the data (on the TxOH_n line) on the falling edge  
of this clock signal.  
NOTES:  
1. If the "Transmit Overhead Data Input Interface” has not been configured  
to be the source of the Data Link information, then this output signal will  
be inactive.  
2. Depending on the configurations of Framer_n, the clock frequency in  
ESF framing mode can be 2KHz or 4KHz in ESF.  
E1 mode:  
If the "Transmit Overhead data Input Interface" has been configured to be the  
source of Data Link information, then the Transmit Overhead data Input Inter-  
face block will provide a clock edge for each "Sa" bit that is carrying data link  
information.  
Data Link Equipment, which is interfaced to this pin, should update its data (on  
the TxOH_n line) on the rising edge of this clock signal. The Transmit Overhead  
Data Input Interface will latch the data (on the TxOH_n line) on the falling edge  
of this clock signal.  
NOTE: If the "Transmit Overhead Data Input Interface” has not been configured  
to be the source of the Data Link information, then this output signal will be inac-  
tive.  
30  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
áç  
1.0.0  
OVERHEAD INTERFACE  
(Framer Channel Number indicated by _n)  
SIGNAL NAME  
PIN #  
TYPE  
DESCRIPTION  
RxOH_0  
RxOH_1  
RxOH_2  
RxOH_3  
RxOH_4  
RxOH_5  
RxOH_6  
RxOH_7  
C7  
B10  
C19  
B26  
W25  
AC20  
AF18  
AC11  
O
Receive Overhead Output—Framer_n:  
This pin, along with RxOHClk_n functions as the Receive Overhead Output  
Interface for Framer_n.  
DS1 Mode:  
This pin unconditionally outputs the contents of the Facility Data Link Bit in ESF  
framing mode, Fs bit in the SLC96 and N framing mode, and R bit in T1DM  
framing mode.  
NOTE: This output pin is active even if the Receive HDLC Controller (within  
Framer_n) is active.  
E1 mode:  
This pin unconditionally outputs the contents of the National Bits (the "Sa4"  
through the "Sa8" bits). If Framer_n has been configured to interpret the  
National bits of the incoming E1 frames as carrying "Data Link" information;  
then the Receive Overhead Output Interface will provide a clock pulse (via the  
RxOHClk_n output pin) for each "Sa" bit carrying Data Link information.  
NOTE: This output pin is active even if the Receive HDLC Controller (within  
Framer_n) is active.  
RxOHClk_0  
RxOHClk_1  
RxOHClk_2  
RxOHClk_3  
RxOHClk_4  
RxOHClk_5  
RxOHClk_6  
RxOHClk_7  
C5  
B12  
D19  
B25  
V23  
AE21  
AD17  
AD10  
O
Receive OH Serial Clock Output Signal—Framer_n:  
This pin, along with RxOH_n functions as the Receive Overhead Output Inter-  
face for Framer_n.  
DS1 Mode:  
This pin outputs a clock edge corresponding to each Facility Data Link Bit in  
ESF framing mode, Fs bit in the SLC96 and N framing mode, and R bit in T1DM  
framing mode, which carries Data Link information.  
NOTES:  
1. Depending on the configurations of Framer_n, the clock frequency in  
ESF framing mode can be 2KHz or 4KHz.  
2. This output pin is inactive if the Receive HDLC Controller (within  
Framer_n) has been enabled.  
E1 mode:  
This pin outputs a clock edge corresponding to each National Bit that is carrying  
"Data Link" information.  
NOTE: This output pin is inactive if the Receive HDLC Controller (within  
Framer_n) has been enabled.  
31  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
RECEIVE SERIAL DATA OUTPUT  
(Framer Channel Number indicated by _n)  
SIGNAL NAME  
PIN #  
TYPE  
DESCRIPTION  
RxSync_0  
RxSync_1  
RxSync_2  
RxSync_3  
RxSync_4  
RxSync_5  
RxSync_6  
RxSync_7  
A3  
B11  
B16  
C24  
V26  
AC22  
AD14  
AE7  
I or O Single Frame Sync Pulse Input/Output pin—Receive Framer_n:  
This pin is configured to be an Input if the Slip Buffer associated with Framer_n is  
enabled. Conversely, this pin will be configured to be an Output if the Slip-Buffer  
is by-passed.  
DS1 Mode:  
When pin is configured to be an Input  
If this pin is configured to be an input, then the user must pulse this pin "High"  
for one period of RxSerClk_n, when the Receive payload data output Interface  
(of Framer_n) is processing the first bit (F-bit) of an inbound DS1 frame.  
NOTE: It is imperative that the RxSync_n input signal be synchronized with the  
RxSerClk_n input signal.  
When pin is configured to be an Output  
If this pin is configured to be an output, then it will pulse "High", for one period of  
RxSerClk_n, when the Receive payload data output Interface (of Framer_n) is  
processing the first bit (F-bit) of an inbound DS1 frame.  
E1 Mode:  
When pin is configured to be an Input  
If this pin is configured to be an input, then this pin must be pulsed "High" for  
one period of RxSerClk_n, when the Receive E1 Serial (or Overhead) Output  
Interface, outputs the International bit (Si) of an inbound E1 frame.  
NOTE: It is imperative that the RxSync_n input signal be synchronized with the  
RxSerClk_n input signal.  
When pin is configured to be an Output  
If this pin is configured to be an output, then it will pulse "High" for one period of  
RxSerClk_n, when the Receive E1 Serial (or Overhead) output Interface outputs  
the last bit, in an inbound E1 frame.  
RxMSync_0  
RxMSync_1  
RxMSync_2  
RxMSync_3  
RxMSync_4  
RxMSync_5  
RxMSync_6  
RxMSync_7  
B3  
C9  
O
Multiframe Sync Pulse Output--Receive Framer_n:  
This DS1-only signal will pulse "High" for one period of RxSerClk_n, the instant  
that the Receive payload data Interface (of Framer_n) is processing the first bit  
of a DS1 Multi-frame.  
A19  
A26  
V25  
AD24  
AF13  
AC8  
RxCRCMSync_0  
RxCRCMSync_1  
RxCRCMSync_2  
RxCRCMSync_3  
RxCRCMSync_4  
RxCRCMSync_5  
RxCRCMSync_6  
RxCRCMSync_7  
B3  
C9  
O
Receive "CRC Multiframe" Sync Output signal-Framer_n:  
This E1-only signal pulses "High" for one period of RxSerClk_n whenever the  
Receive E1 Output Interface of Framer_n outputs the first bit, within a given  
"CRC Multiframe".  
A19  
A26  
V25  
AD24  
AF13  
AC8  
NOTE: This output pin is inactive if CRC Multiframe Alignment is disabled.  
32  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
áç  
1.0.0  
RECEIVE SERIAL DATA OUTPUT  
(Framer Channel Number indicated by _n)  
SIGNAL NAME  
PIN #  
TYPE  
DESCRIPTION  
RxSerClk_0  
RxSerClk_1  
RxSerClk_2  
RxSerClk_3  
RxSerClk_4  
RxSerClk_5  
RxSerClk_6  
RxSerClk_7  
B2  
B9  
I or O Receive Serial Clock Signal—Receive Framer_n:  
This signal is used by the Receive payload data output Interface, to latch the  
contents of the RxSer_n signal out from the Octal T1/E1/J1 Framer IC.  
Framer_n can use either the rising edge or the falling edge of RxSerClk_n signal  
to latch the received DS1 payload data out. Depending on configurations of  
Framer_n. RxSerClk_n can either be an input or an output.  
A17  
E23  
U24  
AF25  
AD15  
AD7  
DS1 Mode:  
Receive Back-plane Interface-1.544 MHz Clock Mode  
If RxMUXEN = 0 and RxIMODE[1:0] = 00 in Receive interface control register,  
Receive back-plane interface of Framer_n is presenting data at a rate of 1.544  
Mbit/s. This pin is configured to be an Input if the Slip Buffer associated with  
Framer_n is enabled. Conversely, this pin will be configured to be an Output if  
the "Slip-Buffer" is "by-passed".  
Receive Back-plane Interface-MVIP, 2.048 MHz Clock Mode  
If RxMUXEN = 0 and RxIMODE[1:0] = 01 in Receive interface control register,  
Receive back-plane interface of Framer_n is presenting data at a rate of 2.048  
Mbit/s. The RxSerClk_n signal will be an Input clock signal running at 2.048  
MHz.  
Receive Back-plane Interface-4.096 MHz Clock Mode  
If RxMUXEN = 0 and RxIMODE[1:0] = 10 in Receive interface control register,  
Receive back-plane interface of Framer_n is presenting data at a rate of 4.096  
Mbit/s. The RxSerClk_n signal will be an Input clock signal running at 4.096  
MHz.  
Receive Back-plane Interface-8.192 MHz Clock Mode  
If RxMUXEN = 0 and RxIMODE[1:0] = 11 in Receive interface control register,  
Receive back-plane interface of Framer_n is presenting data at a rate of 8.192  
Mbit/s. The RxSerClk_n signal will be an Input clock signal running at 8.192  
MHz.  
Receive Back-plane Interface-Multiplexed at 12.352 MHz Clock Mode  
If RxMUXEN = 1 and RxIMODE[1:0] = 00 in Receive interface control register,  
Receive back-plane interface of Framer_n is presenting multiplexed data at a  
rate of 12.352 Mbit/s. RxSerClk_0 and RxSerClk_4 signals will be Input clock  
signals running at 12.352 MHz. RxSerClk_1, 2, 3 and RxSerClk_5, 6, 7 signals  
are not required. Received DS1 Payload data of Channel 0, 1, 2 and 3 are multi-  
plexed and latched out from Receive back-plane interface using clock edge of  
RxSerClk_0 via RxSer_0 output pin. Receive DS1 Payload data of Channel 4, 5,  
6 and 7 are multiplexed and latched out from Receive back-plane interface using  
clock edge of RxSerClk_4 via RxSer_4 output pin.  
33  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
RECEIVE SERIAL DATA OUTPUT  
(Framer Channel Number indicated by _n)  
SIGNAL NAME  
PIN #  
TYPE  
DESCRIPTION  
RxSerClk_0  
RxSerClk_1  
RxSerClk_2  
RxSerClk_3  
RxSerClk_4  
RxSerClk_5  
RxSerClk_6  
RxSerClk_7  
B2  
B9  
I or O Receive Serial Clock Signal—Receive Framer_n: (Continued)  
A17  
E23  
U24  
AF25  
AD15  
AD7  
Receive Back-plane Interface-Multiplexed at 16.384 MHz Clock Mode  
If RxMUXEN = 1 and RxIMODE[1:0] = 01 in Receive interface control register,  
Receive back-plane interface of Framer_n is presenting multiplexed data at a  
rate of 16.384 Mbit/s. RxSerClk_0 and RxSerClk_4 signals will be Input clock  
signals running at 16.384 MHz. RxSerClk_1, 2, 3 and RxSerClk_5, 6, 7 signals  
are not required. Received DS1 Payload data of Channel 0, 1, 2 and 3 are multi-  
plexed and latched out from Receive back-plane interface using clock edge of  
RxSerClk_0 via RxSer_0 output pin. Receive DS1 Payload data of Channel 4, 5,  
6 and 7 are multiplexed and latched out from Receive back-plane interface using  
clock edge of RxSerClk_4 via RxSer_4 output pin.  
Receive Back-plane Interface-HMVIP, 16.384 MHz Clock Mode  
If RxMUXEN = 1 and RxIMODE[1:0] = 10 in Receive interface control register,  
Receive back-plane interface of Framer_n is presenting multiplexed data at a  
rate of 16.384 Mbit/s. RxSerClk_0 and RxSerClk_4 signals will be Input clock  
signals running at 16.384 MHz. RxSerClk_1, 2, 3 and RxSerClk_5, 6, 7 signals  
are not required. Received DS1 Payload data of Channel 0, 1, 2 and 3 are multi-  
plexed and latched out from Receive back-plane interface using clock edge of  
RxSerClk_0 via RxSer_0 output pin. Receive DS1 Payload data of Channel 4, 5,  
6 and 7 are multiplexed and latched out from Receive back-plane interface using  
clock edge of RxSerClk_4 via RxSer_4 output pin.  
Receive Back-plane Interface-H.100, 16.384 MHz Clock Mode  
If RxMUXEN = 1 and RxIMODE[1:0] = 11 in Receive interface control register,  
Receive back-plane interface of Framer_n is presenting multiplexed data at a  
rate of 16.384 Mbit/s. RxSerClk_0 and RxSerClk_4 signals will be Input clock  
signals running at 16.384 MHz. RxSerClk_1, 2, 3 and RxSerClk_5, 6, 7 signals  
are not required. Received DS1 Payload data of Channel 0, 1, 2 and 3 are multi-  
plexed and latched out from Receive back-plane interface using clock edge of  
RxSerClk_0 via RxSer_0 output pin. Receive DS1 Payload data of Channel 4, 5,  
6 and 7 are multiplexed and latched out from Receive back-plane interface using  
clock edge of RxSerClk_4 via RxSer_4 output pin.  
E1 Mode:  
Receive Back-plane Interface-2.048 MHz (XRT84V24 Compatible) Clock  
Mode  
If RxMUXEN = 0 and RxIMODE[1:0] = 00 in Receive interface control register,  
Receive back-plane interface of Framer_n is presenting data at a XRT84V24  
compatible rate of 2.048 Mbit/s. This pin is configured to be an Input if the Slip  
Buffer associated with Framer_n is enabled. Conversely, this pin will be config-  
ured to be an Output if the "Slip-Buffer" is "by-passed".  
Receive Back-plane Interface-2.048 MHz Clock Mode  
If RxMUXEN = 0 and RxIMODE[1:0] = 01 in Receive interface control register,  
Receive back-plane interface of Framer_n is presenting data at a rate of 2.048  
Mbit/s. The RxSerClk_n signal will be an Input clock signal running at 2.048  
MHz.  
Receive Back-plane Interface-4.096 MHz Clock Mode  
If RxMUXEN = 0 and RxIMODE[1:0] = 10 in Receive interface control register,  
Receive back-plane interface of Framer_n is presenting data at a rate of 4.096  
Mbit/s. The RxSerClk_n signal will be an Input clock signal running at 4.096  
MHz.  
Receive Back-plane Interface-8.192 MHz Clock Mode  
If RxMUXEN = 0 and RxIMODE[1:0] = 11 in Receive interface control register,  
Receive back-plane interface of Framer_n is presenting data at a rate of 8.192  
Mbit/s. The RxSerClk_n signal will be an Input clock signal running at 8.192  
MHz.  
34  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
áç  
1.0.0  
RECEIVE SERIAL DATA OUTPUT  
(Framer Channel Number indicated by _n)  
SIGNAL NAME  
PIN #  
TYPE  
DESCRIPTION  
RxSerClk_0  
RxSerClk_1  
RxSerClk_2  
RxSerClk_3  
RxSerClk_4  
RxSerClk_5  
RxSerClk_6  
RxSerClk_7  
B2  
B9  
I or O Receive Serial Clock Signal—Receive Framer_n: (Continued)  
A17  
E23  
U24  
AF25  
AD15  
AD7  
Receive Back-plane Interface-Multiplexed at 16.384 MHz Clock Mode  
If RxMUXEN = 1 and RxIMODE[1:0] = 01 in Receive interface control register,  
Receive back-plane interface of Framer_n is presenting bit-multiplexed data at a  
rate of 16.384 Mbit/s. RxSerClk_0 and RxSerClk_4 signals will be Input clock  
signals running at 16.384 MHz. RxSerClk_1, 2, 3 and RxSerClk_5, 6, 7 signals  
are not required. Received DS1 Payload data of Channel 0, 1, 2 and 3 are multi-  
plexed and latched out from Receive back-plane interface using clock edge of  
RxSerClk_0 via RxSer_0 output pin. Receive DS1 Payload data of Channel 4, 5,  
6 and 7 are multiplexed and latched out from Receive back-plane interface using  
clock edge of RxSerClk_4 via RxSer_4 output pin.  
Receive Back-plane Interface-HMVIP, 16.384 MHz Clock Mode  
If RxMUXEN = 1 and RxIMODE[1:0] = 10 in Receive interface control register,  
Receive back-plane interface of Framer_n is presenting multiplexed data at a  
rate of 16.384 Mbit/s. RxSerClk_0 and RxSerClk_4 signals will be Input clock  
signals running at 16.384 MHz. RxSerClk_1, 2, 3 and RxSerClk_5, 6, 7 signals  
are not required. Received DS1 Payload data of Channel 0, 1, 2 and 3 are multi-  
plexed and latched out from Receive back-plane interface using clock edge of  
RxSerClk_0 via RxSer_0 output pin. Receive DS1 Payload data of Channel 4, 5,  
6 and 7 are multiplexed and latched out from Receive back-plane interface using  
clock edge of RxSerClk_4 via RxSer_4 output pin.  
Receive Back-plane Interface-H.100, 16.384 MHz Clock Mode  
If RxMUXEN = 1 and RxIMODE[1:0] = 11 in Receive interface control register,  
Receive back-plane interface of Framer_n is presenting multiplexed data at a  
rate of 16.384 Mbit/s. RxSerClk_0 and RxSerClk_4 signals will be Input clock  
signals running at 16.384 MHz. RxSerClk_1, 2, 3 and RxSerClk_5, 6, 7 signals  
are not required. Received DS1 Payload data of Channel 0, 1, 2 and 3 are multi-  
plexed and latched out from Receive back-plane interface using clock edge of  
RxSerClk_0 via RxSer_0 output pin. Receive DS1 Payload data of Channel 4, 5,  
6 and 7 are multiplexed and latched out from Receive back-plane interface using  
clock edge of RxSerClk_4 via RxSer_4 output pin.  
RxSer_0  
RxSer_1  
RxSer_2  
RxSer_3  
RxSer_4  
RxSer_5  
RxSer_6  
RxSer_7  
D4  
A9  
O
Receive Serial Data Output—Receive Framer_n:  
This output pin along with RxSerClk_n functions as the Receive Serial Output  
port for Framer_n.  
C18  
B24  
W26  
AE23  
AE16  
AD8  
T1 mode:  
Any incoming T1 line data that is received from the RxPOS_n and RxNEG_n  
input pins, will be decoded and output via this pin.Framer_n can use either the  
rising edge or the falling edge of RxSerClk_n input pin to latch the received T1  
payload data out according to configurations of Framer_n.  
E1 mode:  
Much of the data that is received from the line via the RxPOS_n and RxNEG_n  
input pins, will be decoded and output via this pin, in a binary format.All data that  
is transported via Time Slots 1 through 15 and Time Slots 17 through 31, within  
each incoming E1 frame, will be output via this pin. If Framer_n is configured  
accordingly, the data for Time Slots 0 and 16 will also be output via this pin.  
Framer_n can use either the rising edge or the falling edge of RxSerClk_n input  
pin to latch the received DS1/E1 payload data out according to configurations of  
Framer_n.  
35  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
RECEIVE SERIAL DATA OUTPUT  
(Framer Channel Number indicated by _n)  
SIGNAL NAME  
PIN #  
TYPE  
DESCRIPTION  
RxTSb0_0  
RxTSb0_1  
RxTSb0_2  
RxTSb0_3  
RxTSb0_4  
RxTSb0_5  
RxTSb0_6  
RxTSb0_7  
A2  
D12  
A18  
O
Receive Framer_n--Time Slot Octet Identifier Output-Bit 0:  
These output signals (RxTSb4_n through RxTSb0_n) reflect the five-bit binary  
value of the number of Time Slot (in the incoming DS1 frame) being received  
and output to the Terminal Equipment via the Receive Payload Data Output  
Interface block associated with Framer_n. The Terminal Equipment should use  
the RxTSClk_n clock to sample these five output pins in order to identify the  
time-slot being processed by the Receive Section of Framer_n.  
C25  
W24  
AD22  
AC16  
AF9  
RxSig_0  
RxSig_1  
RxSig_2  
RxSig_3  
RxSig_4  
RxSig_5  
RxSig_6  
RxSig_7  
A2  
D12  
A18  
O
Receive Serial Signaling Output--Receive Framer_n:  
These pins can be used to output robbed-bit signaling data extracted from an  
incoming DS1 frame, if Framer_n is configured accordingly.  
C25  
W24  
AD22  
AC16  
AF9  
RxTSb1_0  
RxTSb1_1  
RxTSb1_2  
RxTSb1_3  
RxTSb1_4  
RxTSb1_5  
RxTSb1_6  
RxTSb1_7  
D5  
A10  
B19  
C26  
Y26  
AC21  
AF17  
AE9  
O
Receive Framer_n--Time Slot Octet Identifier Output-Bit 1:  
These output signals (RxTSb4_n through RxTSb0_n) reflect the five-bit binary  
value of the number of Time Slot (in the incoming DS1 frame) being received  
and output to the Terminal Equipment via the Receive Payload Data Output  
Interface block associated with Framer_n. The Terminal Equipment should use  
the RxTSClk_n clock to sample these five output pins in order to identify the  
time-slot being processed by the Receive Section of Framer_n.  
RxFrTD_0  
RxFrTD_1  
RxFrTD_2  
RxFrTD_3  
RxFrTD_4  
RxFrTD_5  
RxFrTD_6  
RxFrTD_7  
D5  
A10  
B19  
C26  
Y26  
AC21  
AF17  
AE9  
O
Receive Serial Fractional T1/E1 Input--Receive Framer_n:  
These pins can be used to output fractional DS1/E1 payload data extracted from  
an inbound DS1/E1 frame, if Framer_n is configured accordingly. In this mode,  
terminal equipment will use either rising edge of RxTSClk_n or RxSerClk_n to  
clock in fractional DS1/E1 payload data. Please see pin description of  
RxTSClk_n for details.  
RxTSb2_0  
RxTSb2_1  
RxTSb2_2  
RxTSb2_3  
RxTSb2_4  
RxTSb2_5  
RxTSb2_6  
RxTSb2_7  
B4  
C11  
B20  
E24  
Y25  
AF23  
AD16  
AF8  
O
Receive Framer_n--Time Slot Octet Identifier Output-Bit 2:  
These output signals (RxTSb4_n through RxTSb0_n) reflect the five-bit binary  
value of the number of Time Slot (in the incoming DS1 frame) being received  
and output to the Terminal Equipment via the Receive Payload Data Output  
Interface block associated with Framer_n. The Terminal Equipment should use  
the RxTSClk_n clock to sample these five output pins in order to identify the  
time-slot being processed by the Receive Section of Framer_n.  
RxTSChn_0  
RxTSChn_1  
RxTSChn_2  
RxTSChn_3  
RxTSChn_4  
RxTSChn_5  
RxTSChn_6  
RxTSChn_7  
B4  
C11  
B20  
E24  
Y25  
AF23  
AD16  
AF8  
O
Receive Framer_n -- Time Slot Identifier Serial Output  
If RxTSb1_n pin is configured as RxFrTD_n to output fractional DS1 payload  
data from Framer_n, then these pins serially output the five-bit binary value of  
the number of the Time Slot being accepted and processed by the Transmit Pay-  
load Data Input Interface block associated with Framer_n.  
36  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
áç  
1.0.0  
RECEIVE SERIAL DATA OUTPUT  
(Framer Channel Number indicated by _n)  
SIGNAL NAME  
PIN #  
TYPE  
DESCRIPTION  
RxTSb3_0  
RxTSb3_1  
RxTSb3_2  
RxTSb3_3  
RxTSb3_4  
RxTSb3_5  
RxTSb3_6  
RxTSb3_7  
B5  
D13  
C20  
D26  
W23  
AE22  
AF16  
AE8  
O
Receive Framer_n-Time Slot Octet Identifier Output-Bit 3:  
These output signals (RxTSb4_n through RxTSb0_n) reflect the five-bit binary  
value of the number of Time Slot (in the incoming DS1 frame) being received  
and output to the Terminal Equipment via the Receive Payload Data Output  
Interface block associated with Framer_n. The Terminal Equipment should use  
the RxTSClk_n clock to sample these five output pins in order to identify the  
time-slot being processed by the Receive Section of Framer_n.  
Rx8kHz_0  
Rx8kHz_1  
Rx8kHz_2  
Rx8kHz_3  
Rx8kHz_4  
Rx8kHz_5  
Rx8kHz_6  
Rx8kHz_7  
B5  
D13  
C20  
D26  
W23  
AE22  
AF16  
AE8  
O
Receive 8KHz Clock-Receive Framer_n:  
These pins output a reference 8KHz signal clock as if Framer_n is configured  
accordingly.  
RxTSb4_0  
RxTSb4_1  
RxTSb4_2  
RxTSb4_3  
RxTSb4_4  
RxTSb4_5  
RxTSb4_6  
RxTSb4_7  
D7  
A13  
B21  
O
Receive Framer_n--Time Slot Octet Identifier Output-Bit 4:  
These output signals (RxTSb4_n through RxTSb0_n) reflect the five-bit binary  
value of the number of Time Slot (in the incoming DS1 frame) being received  
and output to the Terminal Equipment via the Receive Payload Data Output  
Interface block associated with Framer_n. The Terminal Equipment should use  
the RxTSClk_n clock to sample these five output pins in order to identify the  
time-slot being processed by the Receive Section of Framer_n.  
E26  
AA26  
AD21  
AC15  
AF7  
37  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
RECEIVE SERIAL DATA OUTPUT  
(Framer Channel Number indicated by _n)  
SIGNAL NAME  
PIN #  
TYPE  
DESCRIPTION  
RxTSClk_0  
RxTSClk_1  
RxTSClk_2  
RxTSClk_3  
RxTSClk_4  
RxTSClk_5  
RxTSClk_6  
RxTSClk_7  
C4  
D11  
D18  
A25  
O
Receive Channel Clock Output Signal—Framer_n:  
This pin indicates the boundary of each time slot of an inbound DS1/E1 frame.  
DS1 Mode:  
Each of these output pins are a 192kHz clock output which pulses "High" when-  
ever the Receive Payload Data Output Interface block outputs the LSB of each  
of the 24 time slots (within the inbound DS1 data stream) on the RxSer_n pin.  
The Terminal Equipment should use this clock signal to sample the RxTSb0_n  
through RxTSb4_n output signals, and identify the time-slot being processed via  
the "Receive Section" of each Framer_n.  
V24  
AD25  
AF15  
AC9  
If RxTSb1_n pin is configured as RxFrTD_n to output fractional DS1 payload  
data from Framer_n, the RxTSClk_n pin can be configured to function as one of  
the following:  
The pin will output gaped fractional DS1 clock that can be used by terminal  
equipment to clock out fractional DS1 payload data at rising edge of the clock.  
Otherwise, this pin will be a clock enable signal to Receive fractional DS1 Out-  
put (RxFrTD_n) if Framer_n is configured accordingly. In this mode, fractional  
DS1 payload data is clocked into the terminal equipment using un-gapped  
RxSerClk_n.  
E1 Mode:  
Each of these output pins are a 256kHz clock output which pulses "High" when-  
ever the Receive Payload Data Output Interface block outputs the LSB of each  
of the 32 time slots (within the inbound E1 data stream) on the RxSer_n pin. The  
Terminal Equipment should use this clock signal to sample the RxTSb0_n  
through RxTSb4_n output signals, and identify the time-slot being processed via  
the "Receive Section" of each Framer_n.  
If RxTSb1_n pin is configured as RxFrTD_n to output fractional E1 payload data  
from Framer_n, the RxTSClk_n pin can be configured to function as one of the  
following: The pin will output gaped fractional E1 clock that can be used by ter-  
minal equipment to clock out fractional E1 payload data at rising edge of the  
clock.  
Otherwise, this pin will be a clock enable signal to Receive fractional E1 Output  
(RxFrTD_n) if Framer_n is configured accordingly. In this mode, fractional E1  
payload data is clocked into the terminal equipment using un-gaped  
RxSerClk_n.  
RxLOS_0  
RxLOS_1  
RxLOS_2  
RxLOS_3  
RxLOS_4  
RxLOS_5  
RxLOS_6  
RxLOS_7  
D2  
H4  
J1  
L4  
U1  
Y1  
AA3  
AB4  
O
Receive Loss of Signal Output Indicator—Framer_n:  
This output pin will toggle “High” (declare LOS) if the Receive block associated  
with Framer_n determines that neither the RxPOS_n or the RxNEG_n inputs  
have received a High level pulse in the last 32 bit periods.  
This output pin will toggle “Low” if the Receive block, associated with Framer_n,  
detects a string of 32 consecutive bits, that does not contain a string of 4 con-  
secutive “0’s”.  
NOTE: This output pin will also toggle "High" if the LOS_0 input pin is asserted  
(e.g., toggled “High” by the LIU LOS output pin).  
RxCASMSync_0  
RxCASMSync_1  
RxCASMSync_2  
RxCASMSync_3  
RxCASMSync_4  
RxCASMSync_5  
RxCASMSync_6  
RxCASMSync_7  
A4  
A11  
B18  
D24  
O
Receive “CAS Multiframe” Sync Output Signal--Framer_n:  
This E1-only signal pulses "High" for one period of RxSerClk_n whenever the  
Receive E1 Output Interface of Framer_n outputs the first bit, within a given  
"CAS Multiframe".  
Y24  
NOTE: This output pin is inactive if Common Channel Signaling is enabled.  
AD23  
AD12  
AC10  
38  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
áç  
1.0.0  
RECEIVE DECODER LIU INTERFACE  
(Framer Channel Number indicated by _n)  
SIGNAL NAME  
PIN #  
TYPE  
DESCRIPTION  
RxPOS_0  
RxPOS_1  
RxPOS_2  
RxPOS_3  
RxPOS_4  
RxPOS_5  
RxPOS_6  
RxPOS_7  
E4  
G3  
H1  
L2  
R2  
W2  
AA2  
AC2  
I
Receive Positive Polarity Pulse—Framer_n:  
This input pin is intended to be connected to the RxPOS or RPDATA output of  
the LIU (Line Interface Unit) IC associated with Framer_n.  
The LIU will assert this input signal (pulse it "High"), when it is receiving a posi-  
tive-polarity pulse from the line. This input signal is sampled and latched into the  
Framer, on the user-selectable edge (rising or falling) of the RxLineClk_n signal.  
RxNEG_0  
RxNEG_1  
RxNEG_2  
RxNEG_3  
RxNEG_4  
RxNEG_5  
RxNEG_6  
RxNEG_7  
C1  
F1  
J3  
L3  
T2  
W1  
AB1  
AD1  
I
Receive Negative Polarity Pulse—Framer_n:  
This input pin is intended to be connected to the RxNEG or RNDATA output of the  
LIU (Line Interface Unit) associated with Framer_n.  
The LIU will assert this input signal (pulse it "High"), when it is receiving a nega-  
tive-polarity pulse from the line. This input signal is sampled and latched into the  
Framer, on the user-selectable edge (rising or falling) of the RxLineClk_n signal.  
RxLineCLK_0  
RxLineCLK_1  
RxLineCLK_2  
RxLineCLK_3  
RxLineCLK_4  
RxLineCLK_5  
RxLineCLK_6  
RxLineCLK_7  
D1  
G1  
K4  
M4  
T3  
W4  
AA4  
AE2  
I
Receive Line Clock Input—Framer_n:  
This input pin is intended to be connected to the RxClk output of the LIU (Line  
Interface Unit) associated with Framer_n.  
Framer_n uses the user-selectable edge of this signal to sample and latch the  
signals at the RxPOS_n and RxNEG_n input pins.  
TRANSMIT ENCODER LIU INTERFACE  
(Framer Channel Number indicated by _n)  
SIGNAL NAME  
PIN #  
TYPE  
DESCRIPTION  
TxPOS_0  
TxPOS_1  
TxPOS_2  
TxPOS_3  
TxPOS_4  
TxPOS_5  
TxPOS_6  
TxPOS_7  
E3  
H3  
K3  
L1  
T4  
W3  
AB2  
AD2  
O
Transmit Positive Polarity Pulse—Framer_n:  
This output pin is intended to be connected to the TxPOS or TPDATA input of  
the LIU (Line Interface Unit) associated with Framer_n.  
Framer_n will assert this signal when it wishes for the Line Interface Unit (LIU)  
associated with Framer_n, to transmit a positive polarity pulse on the line.  
O
TxNRZ_0  
TxNRZ_1  
TxNRZ_2  
TxNRZ_3  
TxNRZ_4  
TxNRZ_5  
TxNRZ_6  
TxNRZ_7  
E3  
H3  
K3  
L1  
T4  
W3  
AB2  
AD2  
Transmit Non Return to Zero:  
Unipolar output for transmitted data. TxNRZ_n includes the results of bit 7 stuff-  
ing, but does not include HDB3 encoding.  
39  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
TRANSMIT ENCODER LIU INTERFACE  
(Framer Channel Number indicated by _n)  
SIGNAL NAME  
PIN #  
TYPE  
DESCRIPTION  
TxNEG_0  
TxNEG_1  
TxNEG_2  
TxNEG_3  
TxNEG_4  
TxNEG_5  
TxNEG_6  
TxNEG_7  
F3  
H2  
K2  
M3  
V1  
Y2  
O
Transmit Negative Polarity Pulse—Framer_n:  
This output pin is intended to be connected to the TxNEG or TNDATA input of  
the LIU (Line Interface Unit) associated with Framer_n.  
Framer_n will assert this signal when it wishes for the Line Interface Unit (LIU)  
associated with Framer_n, to transmit a negative polarity pulse on the line.  
AC1  
AE1  
Transmit Max  
O
TxMX_0  
TxMX_1  
TxMX_2  
TxMX_3  
TxMX_4  
TxMX_5  
TxMX_6  
TxMX_7  
F3  
H2  
K2  
M3  
V1  
Y2  
Output pulses “High” for one bit time and is coincident with the sampling of the  
least serial bit of a multiframe.  
AC1  
AE1  
TxLineCLK_0  
TxLineCLK_1  
TxLineCLK_2  
TxLineCLK_3  
TxLineCLK_4  
TxLineCLK_5  
TxLineCLK_6  
TxLineCLK_7  
F2  
G2  
J2  
N4  
V4  
Y3  
AC3  
AC4  
O
Transmit Line Clock Output—Framer_n:  
This output pin is intended to be connected to the TxClk input of the LIU (Line  
Interface Unit) associated with Framer_n.  
The LIU uses this pin to sample and latch the signals at its TPDATA and  
TNDATA input pins.  
TIMING  
(Framer Channel Number indicated by _n)  
SIGNAL NAME  
PIN #  
TYPE  
DESCRIPTION  
OSCClk  
T1  
I
Oscillator Clock:  
This is a programmable operation clock input. This clock input can be one of six  
frequencies:  
E1 Mode: 16.384, 32.768 or 65.536 MHz  
T1 Mode: 12.352, 24.704 or 49.408 MHz  
8kHz_Ref  
LOP  
U2  
R4  
I
I
8 kHz External Reference Clock Input:  
Loss of Power / Input Pin for Messaging  
40  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
áç  
1.0.0  
LIU CONTROL  
(Framer Channel Number indicated by _n)  
SIGNAL NAME  
PIN #  
TYPE  
DESCRIPTION  
LOS_0  
LOS_1  
LOS_2  
LOS_3  
LOS_4  
LOS_5  
LOS_6  
LOS_7  
G4  
J4  
K1  
M2  
V2  
AA1  
AB3  
AF1  
I
Loss of Signal Input—LIU Interface-Framer_n:  
This input pin is intended to be connected to the RxLOS output pin of the LIU  
associated with Framer_n. If the LIU IC detects an LOS condition and asserts  
(toggles "High") this input pin, then the Receive Framer associated with  
Channel_n will declare a LOS condition.  
Asserting this input pin "High" will result in Framer_n asserting the RxLOS_n  
output pin.  
GPO7  
P1  
O
General Purpose Output pin/Chip Select Output pin:  
The exact role of this output pin depends upon whether the LIU Controller block  
is operating in the Hardware or HOST Mode.  
Hardware Mode: GPO7  
This pin is a general purpose output pin that is controlled by the contents of bit-  
field 7, within the Line Control Register (Address = 00h, 02h).  
HOST Mode:CS1  
CS1  
This pin is a chip select output pin that is asserted (toggles “Low”) following a  
write operation to the LIU Access Register 1, associated with framer 4, 5, 6 and  
7. This output pin is intended to be tied to the chip select input of an LIU (or  
other peripheral device) that is configurable via a Microprocessor Serial Inter-  
face. Once the HOST Mode serial port has completed its read or write opera-  
tion, then it will negate (toggle "High") this output pin.  
GPO6  
P2  
P4  
R1  
O
O
O
General Purpose Output pin/Serial Clock Output:  
The exact role of this output pin depends upon whether the LIU Controller block  
is operating in the Hardware or HOST Mode.  
Hardware Mode: GPO6  
This pin is a general purpose output pin that is controlled by the contents of bit-  
field 6, within the Line Control Register (Address = 00h, 02h).  
HOST Mode:SClk1  
This pin functions as the Serial Clock output signal (SCLK), when the LIU Con-  
troller Block is configured to operate in the HOST Mode  
SClk1  
GPO5  
General Purpose Output pin/Serial Data Input bit 1:  
The exact role of this output pin depends upon whether the LIU Controller block  
is operating in the Hardware or HOST Mode.  
Hardware Mode: GPO5  
This pin is a general purpose output pin that is controlled by the contents of bit-  
field 5, within the Line Control Register (Address = 00h, 02h).  
HOST Mode:SDI1  
This pin functions as the Serial Data Input (SDI) output pin (to the Microproces-  
sor Serial Interface).  
SDI1  
GPO4  
General Purpose Output pin/Serial Data Output bit 0:  
The exact role of this output pin depends upon whether the LIU Controller block  
is operating in the Hardware or HOST Mode.  
Hardware Mode: GPO4  
This pin is a general purpose output pin that is controlled by the contents of bit-  
field 4, within the Line Control Register (Address = 00h, 02h).  
HOST Mode:SDO1  
SDO1  
This pin functions as the Serial Data Output (SDO) input pin (into the LIU Con-  
troller Block).  
41  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
LIU CONTROL  
(Framer Channel Number indicated by _n)  
SIGNAL NAME  
PIN #  
TYPE  
DESCRIPTION  
GPO3  
M1  
O
General Purpose Output pin/Chip Select Output pin:  
The exact role of this output pin depends upon whether the LIU Controller block  
is operating in the Hardware or HOST Mode.  
Hardware Mode: GPO3  
This pin is a general purpose output pin that is controlled by the contents of bit-  
field 3, within the Line Control Register (Address = 0x00, 0x02).  
HOST Mode: CS0  
CS0  
This pin is a chip select output pin that is asserted (toggles “Low”) following a  
write operation to the LIU Access Register 1, associated with framer 0,1, 2 and  
3. This output pin is intended to be tied to the chip select input of an LIU (or  
other peripheral device) that is configurable via a Microprocessor Serial Inter-  
face. Once the HOST Mode serial port has completed its read or write opera-  
tion, then it will negate (toggle "High") this output pin.  
GPO2  
N2  
N3  
N1  
O
General Purpose Output/Serial Clock Output:  
The exact role of this output pin depends upon whether the LIU Controller block  
is operating in the Hardware or HOST Mode.  
Hardware Mode: GPO2  
This pin is a general purpose output pin that is controlled by the contents of bit-  
field 2, within the Line Control Register (Address = 00h, 02h).  
HOST Mode: SClk0  
This pin functions as the Serial Clock output signal (SCLK), when the LIU Con-  
troller Block is configured to operate in the HOST Mode.  
SClk0  
GPO1  
O
General Purpose Output pin/Serial Data In Output pin:  
The exact role of this output pin depends upon whether the LIU Controller block  
is operating in the Hardware or HOST Mode.  
Hardware Mode: GPO1  
This pin is a general purpose output pin that is controlled by the contents of bit  
field 1, within the Line Control Register (Address = 00h, 02h)  
HOST Mode: SDI  
This pin functions as the Serial Data Input (SDI) output pin (to the Microproces-  
sor Serial Interface).  
SDI0  
GPO0  
I or O General Purpose Output pin/Serial Data Out Input pin:  
The exact role of this pin depends upon whether the LIU Controller block is  
operating in the Hardware or HOST Mode.  
Hardware Mode: GPO0  
This pin is a general purpose output pin that is controlled by the contents of bit-  
field 0, within the Line Control Register (Address = 00h, 02h).  
HOST Mode: SDO0  
SDO0  
This Input pin functions as the Serial Data Output (SDO) input pin (into the LIU  
Controller Block).  
JTAG  
(Framer Channel Number indicated by _n)  
SIGNAL NAME  
PIN #  
TYPE  
DESCRIPTION  
Test clock: Boundary Scan clock input.  
Note: This input pin should be pulled “Low” for normal operation  
TCK  
A1  
I
Test Mode Select: Boundary Scan Mode Select input.  
Note: This input pin should be pulled “Low” for normal operation  
TMS  
C2  
I
42  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
áç  
1.0.0  
JTAG  
(Framer Channel Number indicated by _n)  
SIGNAL NAME  
PIN #  
TYPE  
DESCRIPTION  
Test Data In: Boundary Scan Test data input  
Note: This input pin should be pulled “Low” for normal operation  
TDI  
B1  
I
TDO  
TRST  
D3  
C3  
P3  
O
I
Test Data Out: Boundary Scan Test data output  
JTAG Test Reset Input  
Factory Test Mode Pin  
Note: User should tie this pin to ground  
Test Mode  
I
MICROPROCESSOR INTERFACE  
(Framer Channel Number indicated by _n)  
SIGNAL NAME  
PIN #  
TYPE  
DESCRIPTION  
Data0  
Data1  
Data2  
Data3  
Data4  
Data5  
Data6  
Data7  
R24  
R25  
N26  
N25  
L24  
K25  
K24  
J24  
I/O  
Bidirectional Microprocessor Data Bus Bit 0--LSB  
Bidirectional Microprocessor Data Bus Bit 1  
Bidirectional Microprocessor Data Bus Bit 2  
Bidirectional Microprocessor Data Bus Bit 3  
Bidirectional Microprocessor Data Bus Bit 4  
Bidirectional Microprocessor Data Bus Bit 5  
Bidirectional Microprocessor Data Bus Bit 6  
Bidirectional Microprocessor Data Bus Bit 7--MSB  
Req0  
T26  
O
DMA Cycle Request Output—DMA Controller 0 (Write):  
The Framer asserts this output pin (toggles it "Low") when at least one of the  
Transmit HDLC buffers are empty and can receive one more HDLC message.  
The Framer negates this output pin (toggles it “High”) when the HDLC buffer can  
no longer receive another HDLC message.  
Req1  
U23  
DMA Cycle Request Output—DMA Controller 1 (Read):  
The Framer asserts this output pin (toggles it "Low") when one of the Receive  
HDLC buffer contains a complete HDLC message that needs to be read by the  
µC/µP.  
The Framer negates this output pin (toggles it High) when the Receive HDLC  
buffers are depleted.  
INT  
M24  
R23  
O
I
Interrupt Request Output:  
The Framer will assert this active "Low" output (toggles it "Low"), to the local µP,  
anytime it requires interrupt service.  
µPClk  
Microprocessor Clock Input:  
This clock signal is the Microprocessor Interface System clock. This clock signal  
is used for synchronous/burst/DMA data transfer. The maximum frequency of  
this clock signal is 33MHz.  
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MICROPROCESSOR INTERFACE  
(Framer Channel Number indicated by _n)  
SIGNAL NAME  
PIN #  
TYPE  
DESCRIPTION  
µPType0  
T25  
I
Microprocessor Type Input: Bit 0 (LSB):  
This input pin, along with µPTYPE1 and µPTYPE2 permit the user to specify  
which type of Microprocessor/Microcontroller to be interfaced the Framer.  
µPType1  
µPType2  
P24  
M25  
Microprocessor Type Input: Bit 1  
Microprocessor Type Input: Bit 2  
MICROPROCESSOR  
TYPE  
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
68HC11, 8051, 80C188  
MOTOROLA 68K  
INTEL X86  
INTEL I960  
IDT3051/52  
IBM POWER PC 403  
RDY_DTACK  
P23  
O
Ready/Data Transfer Acknowledge Output:  
The exact behavior of this pin depends upon which Microprocessor the Framer  
is configured to interface to:  
Intel Type Microprocessors  
This output pin toggles "Low" when the Framer is ready to respond to the current  
PIO (Programmed I/O) or Burst Transaction.  
Motorola Type Microprocessors  
This output pin toggles "Low" when the Framer has completed the current bus  
cycle.  
A0  
A1  
A2  
A3  
A4  
A5  
A6  
P26  
N23  
M26  
L26  
L23  
J26  
K23  
I
Microprocessor Interface Address Bus Input Bit 0 -- (LSB)  
Microprocessor Interface Address Bus Input Bit 1  
Microprocessor Interface Address Bus Input Bit 2  
Microprocessor Interface Address Bus Input Bit 3  
Microprocessor Interface Address Bus Input Bit 4  
Microprocessor Interface Address Bus Input Bit 5  
Microprocessor Interface Address Bus Input Bit 6 -- (MSB)  
DBEn  
ALE_AS  
CS  
P25  
N24  
G25  
I
I
I
Data Bus Enable Input pin.  
Address Latch Enable Input_Address Strobe  
Microprocessor Interface—Chip Select Input:  
The Microprocessor/Microcontroller must assert this input pin (toggle it "Low") in  
order to exchange data with the Framer.  
Note: For the 68K MPU, this signal is generated by address decode and address  
strobe.  
RD  
R26  
I
Microprocessor Interface—Read Strobe Input:  
The exact behavior of this pin depends upon the type of Microprocessor/Micro-  
controller the Framer has been configured to interface to, as defined by the  
µPTYPE[2:0] pins.  
Note: See pin T25 (µPType0) for the µP selection table.  
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MICROPROCESSOR INTERFACE  
(Framer Channel Number indicated by _n)  
SIGNAL NAME  
PIN #  
TYPE  
DESCRIPTION  
WR  
G26  
I
Microprocessor Interface—Write Strobe Input  
"Low" : Indicates current bus cycle is a write cycle: Intel 51, 188, MIPS350x  
"High" : Indicates present bus cycle is a write cycle: Intel x86, i960  
"Low" : Indicates current bus cycle is a read cycle: Intel x86, i960  
"High" : Indicates present bus cycle is a read cycle: Motorola, Power PC 403  
"Low" : Also used as write strobe in DMA transfer  
ACK0  
U26  
I
DMA Cycle Acknowledge Input—DMA Controller 0 (Write):  
The external DMA Controller will assert this input pin “Low” when the following  
two conditions are met:  
a. After the DMA Controller, within the Framer has asserted (toggled “Low”), the  
Req_0 output signal.  
b. When the external DMA Controller is ready to transfer data from external  
memory to the selected Transmit HDLC buffer.  
At this point, the DMA transfer between the external memory and the selected  
Transmit HDLC buffer may begin.  
After completion of the DMA cycle, the external DMA Controller will negate this  
input pin after the DMA Controller within the Framer has negated the Req_0 out-  
put pin. The external DMA Controller must do this in order to acknowledge the  
end of the DMA cycle.  
ACK1  
T23  
I
DMA Cycle Acknowledge Input—DMA Controller 1 (Read):  
The external DMA Controller asserts this input pin “Low” when the following two  
conditions are met:  
a. After the DMA Controller, within the Framer has asserted (toggled "Low"), the  
Req_1 output signal.  
b. When the external DMA Controller is ready to transfer data from the selected  
Receive HDLC buffer to external memory.  
At this point, the DMA transfer between the selected Receive HDLC buffer and  
the external memory may begin.  
After completion of the DMA cycle, the external DMA Controller will negate this  
input pin after the DMA Controller within the Framer has negated the Req_1 out-  
put pin. The external DMA Controller will do this in order to acknowledge the  
end of the DMA cycle.  
Blast  
L25  
R3  
I
I
Last Cycle of Burst Indicator Input:  
The Microprocessor asserts this pin “Low”when it is performing its last read or  
write cycle, within a burst operation.  
Reset  
Reset Input: Active "Low"  
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GROUND PINS  
SIGNAL NAME  
PIN #  
TYPE  
DESCRIPTION  
VDD  
L11  
L12  
L13  
L14  
L15  
L16  
M11  
M12  
M15  
M16  
N11  
N12  
N15  
N16  
R11  
R12  
R15  
R16  
****  
Power Supply Pins  
POWER SUPPLY PINS  
SIGNAL NAME  
PIN #  
TYPE  
DESCRIPTION  
GND  
M13  
M14  
N13  
N14  
P13  
P14  
R13  
R14  
T11  
T12  
T13  
T14  
T15  
T16  
****  
Ground Pins  
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NO CONNECT PINS  
SIGNAL NAME  
PIN #  
TYPE  
DESCRIPTION  
NC  
A6  
A20  
B7  
Not Connected  
B17  
C12  
C13  
C16  
C23  
D14  
D17  
E1  
E2  
F4  
H25  
H26  
K26  
M23  
U3  
U4  
U25  
V3  
Y4  
AA25  
AC23  
AD26  
AE3  
AE14  
AE15  
AE17  
AE25  
AF2  
AF11  
AF14  
AF22  
AF24  
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ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS  
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUMS  
Power Supply......................................... -0.5V to +3.465V  
Storage Temperature ...............................-65°C to 150°C  
Operating Temperature Range.................-40°C to 85°C  
Supply Voltage ...................... GND-0.5V to +VDD + 0.5V  
Power Dissipation PBGA Package........................... 2W  
Input Logic Signal Voltage (Any Pin) .........-0.5V to + 5.5V  
ESD Protection...................................................>2000V  
Input Current (Any Pin) ...................................... + 100mA  
DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS  
Test Conditions: TA = 25°C, VDD = 3.3V + 5% unless otherwise specified  
SYMBOL  
PARAMETER  
MIN.  
TYP.  
MAX.  
UNITS  
mA  
µA  
V
CONDITIONS  
IDD  
Power Supply Current  
450  
All Channels on  
ILL  
Data Bus Tri-State Bus Leakage Current  
Input Low voltage  
-10  
+10  
0.6  
VIL  
PDATA[0:7]  
All Others  
PDATA[0:7]  
All Others  
IOL = 2mA  
0.8  
V
VIH  
Input High Voltage  
2.7  
2.0  
0.0  
VDD  
VDD  
0.4  
V
V
VOL  
VOH  
Output Low Voltage  
Output High Voltage  
V
2.4  
VDD  
V
IOH = 2mA  
IOC  
IIH  
Open Drain Output Leakage Current  
Input High Voltage Current  
-10  
-10  
10  
10  
µA  
µA  
VIH = VDD  
VIL = GND  
Input High Voltage Current (with pull-down resistor)  
Input Low Voltage Current  
100  
-10  
400  
10  
IIL  
µA  
Input Low Voltage Current (with pull-up resistor)  
-150  
-30  
TABLE 2: XRT84L38 POWER CONSUMPTION  
(Vdd=3.3V±5%, TA=25°C unless otherwise specified)  
MODE  
T1  
SUPPLYVOLTAGE  
3.3V  
MIN  
TYP  
1.8  
1.5  
MAX  
2.0  
UNIT  
W
-
-
E1  
3.3V  
1.8  
W
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1.0 MICROPROCESSOR INTERFACE BLOCK  
The Microprocessor Interface section supports communication between the local microprocessor (µP) and the  
Framer. The Microprocessor Interface supports the following features:  
Communicates through a 7 bit address bus (4 bit for one framer) and an 8 bit data bus.  
Supports DMA read/write data interface  
Supports burst transfers  
Supports Programmed I/O read and write, wait cycle extended with READY/DTACK  
The Microprocessor Interface section supports the following operations:  
Channel Selection  
Writing configuration data into the Framer on-chip (addressable) registers  
Writing outbound PMDL (Path Maintenance Data Link) messages into the Transmit LAPD Message buffer of  
the Framer  
Generation of Interrupt Requests to the µP  
Servicing Interrupt Requests from the Framer  
Monitoring the system's health by periodically reading the on-chip Performance Monitor registers  
Reading inbound PMDL Messages from the Receive LAPD Message Buffer of the Framer  
Each of these operations (between the local microprocessor and the Framer IC) is discussed in detail, through-  
out this data sheet.  
The Framer supports the following microprocessors/microcontrollers with a minimum amount of glue logic.  
Intel 8051, 80C188, x86, i960  
Motorola 68HC11, 68K  
MIPS 3051/52  
PowerPC 403  
The type of microprocessor/microcontroller to interface to the Framer is specified by tying the µPTYPE[2:0]  
pins to the appropriate level. Table 1, lists the values for µPTYPE[2:0] and the corresponding µP/µC types.  
TABLE 3: µC/µP SELECTION TABLE  
µPTYPE[2:0] INPUT LEVELS  
CORRESPONDING µC/µP  
68HC11, 8051, 80C188  
Motorola 68000 Family  
Intel x86 Family  
000  
001  
010  
011  
100  
101  
Intel I960  
IDT3051/52 (MIPS)  
IBM PowerPC 403  
The behavior of some of the pins, associated with the Microprocessor Interface, depends upon the value that  
the user has applied to the PType[2:0] input pins. The next sections present a detailed discussion on the role of  
each of these pins, and how to configure the Framer to interface to each of these types of Microprocessors.  
The Framer connects to the Microcontroller as if it were external memory. The microcontroller can read or write  
to two different storage elements in the Framer:  
Flip-flop types of registers  
RAMs  
The configuration of the Framer, including the enabling/disabling of interrupts, is selected by setting values in  
various control registers. The registers can be read as well as written. The Framer can be designed into both  
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polled and interrupt-driven systems. All detection of change of state of alarm conditions, data link events, error  
events, or counter overflows can be programmed to cause interrupts.  
The Microcontroller Interface Block within the Framer supports three types of data transfer schemes:  
Programmable Input/Output (PIO)  
Burst Transfer  
DMA (Direct Memory Access)  
Each of these data transfer methods are also discussed in the next sections.  
1.1 CHANNEL SELECTION WITHIN THE FRAMER  
The XRT84L38 Framer consists of eight independent banks of configuration registers. Each of these banks are  
identical and correspond to each of the eight channels within the XRT84L38. The XRT84L38 permits selection  
of and access to, any one of these Configuration Register Banks, via the Three (3) Most Significant Address  
Pins, A4, A5 and A6. The relationship between the states of A4, A5 and A6, and the corresponding Configura-  
tion Register bank, is shown below.  
TABLE 4: CHANNEL SELECTION  
A6  
0
A5  
0
A4  
0
CONFIGURATION REGISTER BANK  
Channel 0  
0
0
1
Channel 1  
0
1
0
Channel 2  
0
1
1
Channel 3  
1
0
0
Channel 4  
1
0
1
Channel 5  
1
1
0
Channel 6  
1
1
1
Channel 7  
FIGURE 3. SIMPLIFIED BLOCK DIAGRAM OF THE MICROPROCESSOR INTERFACE BLOCK  
WR  
RD  
ALE_AS  
Blast  
µPType [2:0]  
Microprocessor  
Interface  
Rdy/DTACK  
&
Reset  
DBEn  
Programmable  
Registers  
Clk  
CS  
INT  
A[6:0]  
DMA  
Data[7:0]  
ACK[1:0]  
Req[1:0]  
Interface  
1.2 THE MICROPROCESSOR INTERFACE BLOCK SIGNAL  
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The Framer may be configured into different operating modes and have its performance monitored by software  
through a standard microprocessor, using data, address and control signals.  
The local µP configures the Framer (into a desired operating mode) by writing data into specific addressable,  
on-chip Read/Write registers, or on-chip RAM. The microprocessor interface provides the signals which are re-  
quired for a general purpose microprocessor to read or write data into these registers. The Microprocessor In-  
terface also supports polled and interrupt driven environments. These interface signals are described below in  
Table 5, Table 6, and Table 7. The microprocessor interface can be configured to operate in the Motorola  
Mode, the Intel mode, as well as other modes. When the Microprocessor Interface is operating in the Motorola  
mode, some of the control signals function in a manner required by the Motorola 68000 family of microproces-  
sors. Likewise, when the Microprocessor Interface is operating in the Intel Mode, then these Control Signals  
function in a manner as required by the Intel 80xx family of microprocessors.  
Table 5 lists and describes those Microprocessor Interface signals whose role is constant across the two  
modes. Table 6 describes the role of some of these signals when the Microprocessor Interface is operating in  
the Intel Mode. Likewise, Table 7 describes the role of these signals when the Microprocessor Interface is op-  
erating in the Motorola Mode.  
TABLE 5: XRT84L38 MICROPROCESSOR INTERFACE SIGNALS THAT EXHIBIT CONSTANT ROLES IN BOTH THE INTEL  
AND MOTOROLA MODES  
PIN NAME  
TYPE  
DESCRIPTION  
I
Microprocessor Interface Mode Select Input pins  
µPTYPE[2:0]  
These three pins are used to specify the Microprocessor Mode that the Microprocessor Inter-  
face will operate in. The relationship between the state of these three input pins, and the corre-  
sponding Microprocessor Mode is presented in Table 1.  
D[7:0]  
A[6:0]  
I/O  
I
Bi-Directional Data Bus for register Read or Write Operations.  
Seven-Bit Address Bus Inputs  
The XRT84L38 Framer Microprocessor Interface uses a Multiplexed Address bus. This  
address bus is provided to permit the user to select an on-chip register or buffer location for  
Read/Write access.  
CS  
I
Chip Select Input  
This active-low signal selects the Microprocessor Interface of the XRT84L38 Framer and  
enables Read/Write operations with the on-chip registers/buffer locations.  
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TABLE 6: INTEL MODE: MICROPROCESSOR INTERFACE SIGNALS  
XRT84L38  
PIN NAME  
INTEL  
EQUIVALENTPIN  
TYPE  
DESCRIPTION  
ALE_AS  
ALE  
I
Address-Latch Enable: This active-high signal is used to latch the contents on  
the address bus, A[6:0]. The contents of the Address Bus are latched into the  
A[6:0] inputs on the falling edge of ALE_AS. Additionally, this signal can be used  
to indicate the start of a burst cycle.  
RD  
RD*  
I
Read Signal: This active-low input functions as the read signal from the local µP.  
When this signal goes "Low", the Framer Microprocessor Interface places the  
contents of the addressed register on the Data Bus pins, D[7:0]. The Data Bus is  
tri-stated once this input signal returns "High".  
WR  
WR*  
I
Write Signal: This active-low input functions as the write signal from the local  
µP. The contents of the Data Bus (D[7:0]) is written into the addressed register  
via A[6:0], on the rising edge of this signal.  
READY*  
O
Ready Output: This active-low signal is provided by the Framer and indicates  
that the current read or write cycle is to be extended until this signal is asserted.  
The local µP typically inserts WAIT states until this signal is asserted. This output  
toggles "Low" when the device is ready for the next Read or Write cycle.  
RDY_DTACK  
TABLE 7: MOTOROLA MODE: MICROPROCESSOR INTERFACE SIGNALS  
XRT84L38  
PIN NAME  
MOTOROLA  
EQUIVALENTPIN  
TYPE  
DESCRIPTION  
ALE_AS  
AS*  
I
Address Strobe: This active-low signal is used to latch the contents on the  
address bus input pins, A[6:0], into the Microprocessor Interface circuitry. The  
contents of the Address Bus are latched into the Framer on the rising edge of the  
ALE_AS signal. This signal can also be used to indicate the start of a burst cycle.  
RD  
WR  
DS*  
R/W*  
I
I
Data Strobe: This signal latches the contents of the bi-directional data bus pins  
into the Addressed Register within the Framer during a Write Cycle.  
Read/Write Input: When this pin is "High", it indicates a Read Cycle. When this  
pin is "Low", it indicates a Write cycle.  
DTACK*  
O
Data Transfer Acknowledge: The Framer asserts DTACK in order to inform the  
CPU that the present READ or WRITE cycle is nearly complete. The 68000 fam-  
ily of CPUs requires this signal from its peripheral devices in order to quickly and  
properly complete a READ or WRITE cycle.  
RDY_DTACK  
1.3 INTERFACING THE XRT84L38 TO THE LOCAL µC/µP VIA THE MICROPROCESSOR INTERFACE BLOCK  
The Microprocessor Interface block within the Framer is very flexible and provides the following options:  
Interface the Framer to a µC/µP over an 8-bit wide bi-directional data bus.  
Interface the Framer to an Intel-type or Motorola-type µC/µP.  
Transfer data (between the Framer IC and the µC/µP) via the Programmed I/O or Burst Mode  
1.3.1 Interfacing the Framer to the Microprocessor over an 8 bit wide bi-directional Data Bus  
The Framer Microprocessor Interface permits the user to interface it to a µC/µP over an 8-bit wide bi-directional  
data bus. In general, interfacing the Framer to an 8-bit µC/µP is quite straight-forward. This is because most of  
the registers, within the Framer, are 8-bits wide. In this mode, the µC/µP can read or write data into both even  
and odd numbered addresses within the Framer address space.  
Example:  
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Consider that an 8-bit µC/µP needs to read in the PMON LCV Event Count Register. In order to accomplish  
this task, the 8-bit µC/µP needs to read in the contents of PMON LCV Event Count Register - MSB (located at  
Address = 0x50) and the contents of the PMON LCV Event Count Register - LSB (located at Address = 0x51).  
These two eight-bit registers when concatenated together make up the PMON LCV Event Count Register.  
If the 8-bit µC/µP reads in the PMON LCV Event Count-LSB register first, then the entire PMON LCV Event  
Count register will be reset to 0x0000. As a consequence, if the 8-bit µC/µP attempts to read in the PMON LCV  
Event Count-MSB register in the very next read cycle, it will read in the value 0x00.  
1.3.2 Data Access Modes  
The Microprocessor Interface block supports data transfer between the Framer and the µC/µP (e.g., Read and  
Write operations) via the Programmed I/O and the Burst Modes.  
1.3.2.1 Programmed I/O  
Programmed I/O is basically a handshaking type of asynchronous bus access, which provides relatively slow  
single read and write data transfers. The Microprocessor must supply an address value to the Address Bus in-  
put pins A[6:0] with each read and write cycle. Because of the Indirect Addressing scheme each PIO reads and  
write access requires two accesses, as illustrated below.  
In the first access, the Microprocessor is specifying two things:  
1. Which of the four framer register sets it intends to access.  
2. Which group of registers within the selected framer’s register sets, the Microprocessor wants to access.  
As a slave, the E1 is the target of access generated by a bus master, the CPU. Slave accesses are accepted by  
the slave control state machine, then passed to related functional logic. Address is buffered and decoded to ad-  
dress relevant destination. Data is also latch in both write and read directions. PIO operations are enabled by  
the Chip Select (CS) input signal. Framer PIO interface supports pipelined (buffered) writes to increase bus  
throughput. All internal registers and accessible memory are addressable through 6 bits of address bus.  
1.3.2.2 Data Access using Programmed I/O  
Programmed I/O is the conventional manner in which a microprocessor exchanges data with a peripheral de-  
vice. However, it is also the slowest method of data exchange between the Framer and the µC/µP.  
1.3.2.2.1 Intel Mode Programmed I/O Access  
If the Framer is interfaced to an Intel-type µC/µP (e.g., the 80x86 family, etc.), then it should be configured to  
operate in the Intel mode.  
1.3.2.2.1.1 Intel Mode Read Cycle  
Whenever an Intel-type µC/µP wishes to read the contents of a register or some location within the Receive  
LAPD Message buffer or the Receive OAM Cell Buffer, within the Framer, it should do the following.  
1. Place the address of the target register or buffer location, within the Framer, on the Address Bus input pins  
A[6:0].  
2. While the µC/µP is placing this address value on the Address Bus, the Address Decoding circuitry within  
the user's system should assert the CS (Chip Select) pin of the Framer, by toggling it "Low". This action  
enables further communication between the µC/µP and the Framer Microprocessor Interface block.  
3. Toggle the ALE_AS (Address Latch Enable) input pin "High". This step enables the Address Bus input driv-  
ers, within the Microprocessor Interface block of the Framer.  
4. After allowing the data on the Address Bus pins to settle, by waiting the appropriate Address Data Setup  
time, the µC/µP should toggle the ALE_AS pin "Low". This step causes the Framer to latch the contents of  
the Address Bus into its internal circuitry. At this point, the address of the register or buffer locations, within  
the Framer, has been selected.  
5. Next, the µC/µP should indicate that this current bus cycle is a Read Operation by toggling the RD_DS  
(Read Strobe) input pin "Low". This action also enables the bi-directional data bus output drivers of the  
Framer. At this point, the bi-directional data bus output drivers proceeds to drive the contents of the latched  
addressed register, or buffer location, onto the bi-directional data bus, D[7:0].  
6. Immediately after the µC/µP toggles the Read Strobe signal "Low", the Framer toggles the RDY_DTACK  
output pin "Low". The Framer does this in order to inform the µC/µP that the data to be read from the data  
bus is NOT READY to be latched into the µC/µP.  
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7. After some settling time, the data on the bi-directional data bus stabilizes and can be read by the µC/µP.  
The Framer indicates that this data can be read by toggling the RDY_DTACK (READY) signal "High".  
8. After the µC/µP detects the RDY_DTACK signal, from the Framer, it can terminate the Read Cycle by tog-  
gling the RD_DS (Read Strobe) input pin "High".  
Figure 4 presents a timing diagram which illustrates the behavior of the Microprocessor Interface signals during  
an Intel-type Programmed I/O Read Operation.  
FIGURE 4. INTEL µP INTERFACE SIGNALS DURING PROGRAMMED I/O READ OPERATION  
ALE_AS  
A[6:0]  
CS  
Address of target Register  
D[7:0]  
Not Valid  
Valid  
RD  
WR_R/W  
RDY_DTACK  
1.3.2.2.1.2 The Intel Mode Write Cycle  
Whenever an Intel-type µC/µP wishes to write a byte or word of data into a register or buffer location, within the  
Framer, it should do the following.  
1. Assert the ALE_AS (Address Latch Enable) input pin by toggling it "High". When the µC/µP asserts the  
ALE_AS input pin, it enables the Address Bus Input Drivers within the Framer chip.  
2. Place the address of the target register or buffer location, within the Framer, on the Address Bus input pins,  
A[6:0].  
3. While the µC/µP is placing this address value onto the Address Bus, the Address Decoding circuitry within  
the user's system should assert the CS input pin of the Framer by toggling it "Low". This step enables fur-  
ther communication between the µC/µP and the Framer Microprocessor Interface block.  
4. After allowing the data on the Address Bus pins to settle, by waiting the appropriate Address Setup time,  
the µC/µP should toggle the ALE_AS input pin "Low". This step causes the Framer to latch the contents of  
the Address Bus into its internal circuitry. At this point, the address of the register or buffer location within  
the Framer, has been selected.  
5. Next, the µC/µP should indicate that this current bus cycle is a Write Operation by toggling the WR_R/W  
(Write Strobe) input pin "Low". This action also enables the bi-directional data bus input drivers of the  
Framer.  
6. The µC/µP should then place the byte or word that it intends to write into the target register on the bi-direc-  
tional data bus, D[7:0].  
7. After waiting the appropriate amount of time for the data on the bi-directional data bus to settle, the µC/µP  
should toggle the WR_R/W (Write Strobe) input pin "High". This action accomplishes two things:  
a. It latches the contents of the bi-directional data bus into the Framer Microprocessor Interface block.  
b. It terminates the write cycle.  
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Figure 5 presents a timing diagram which illustrates the behavior of the Microprocessor Interface signals, dur-  
ing an Intel-type Programmed I/O Write Operation.  
FIGURE 5. INTEL µP INTERFACE SIGNALS DURING PROGRAMMED I/O WRITE OPERATION  
ALE_AS  
A[6:0]  
CS  
Address of Target Register  
D[7:0]  
Data to be Written  
RD  
WR_R/W  
RDY_DTACK  
1.3.2.2.2 Motorola Mode Programmed I/O Access  
If the Framer is interfaced to a Motorola-type µC/µP (e.g., the MC680X0 family, etc.), it should be configured to  
operate in the Motorola mode.  
1.3.2.2.2.1 Motorola Mode Read Cycle  
Whenever a Motorola-type µC/µP wishes to read the contents of a register or some location within the Receive  
LAPD Message or Receive OAM Cell Buffer, within the Framer, it should do the following.  
1. Assert the ALE_AS (Address-Strobe) input pin by toggling it “Low”. This step enables the Address Bus  
input drivers within the Microprocessor Interface Block of the Framer.  
2. Place the address of the target register or buffer location within the Framer, on the Address Bus input pins,  
A[6:0].  
3. At the same time, the Address Decoding circuitry within the user's system should assert the CS (Chip  
Select) input pin of the Framer, by toggling it "Low". This action enables further communication between  
the µC/µP and the Framer Microprocessor Interface block.  
4. After allowing the data on the Address Bus pins to settle, by waiting the appropriate Address Setup time,  
the µC/µP should toggle the ALE_AS input pin "High". This step causes the Framer to latch the contents of  
the Address Bus into its internal circuitry. At this point, the address of the register or buffer location within  
the Framer has been selected.  
5. Further, the µC/µP should indicate that this cycle is a Read cycle by setting the WR_R/W (R/W*) input pin  
"High".  
6. Next the µC/µP should initiate the current bus cycle by toggling the RD_DS (Data Strobe) input pin "Low".  
This step enables the bi-directional data bus output drivers, within the Framer. At this point, the bi-direc-  
tional data bus output drivers will proceed to drive the contents of the Address register onto the bi-direc-  
tional data bus, D[7:0].  
7. After some settling time, the data on the bi-directional data bus will stabilize and can be read by the µC/µP.  
The Framer will indicate that this data can be read by asserting the RDY_DTACK (DTACK) signal “Low”.  
8. After the µC/µP detects the RDY_DTACK signal (from the Framer) it will terminate the Read Cycle by tog-  
gling the RD_DS (Data Strobe) input pin "High".  
Figure 6 presents a timing diagram which illustrates the behavior of the Microprocessor Interface signals during  
a Motorola-type Programmed I/O Read Operation.  
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FIGURE 6. MOTOROLA µP INTERFACE SIGNALS DURING A PROGRAMMED I/O READ OPERATION  
ALE_AS  
A[6:0]  
CS  
Address of target Register  
D[7:0]  
Not Valid  
Valid Data  
RD_DS  
WR_R/W  
RDY_DTACK  
1.3.2.2.2.2 Motorola Mode Write Cycle  
Whenever a Motorola-type µC/µP wishes to write a byte or word of data into a register or buffer location, within  
the Framer, it should do the following.  
1. Assert the ALE_AS (Address Select) input pin by toggling it "Low". This step enables the Address Bus  
input drivers (within the Framer chip).  
2. Place the address of the target register or buffer location (within the Framer), on the Address Bus input  
pins, A[6:0].  
3. While the µC/µP is placing this address value onto the Address Bus, the Address-Decoding circuitry (within  
the user's system) should assert the CS (Chip Select) input pins of the Framer by toggling it "Low". This  
step enables further communication between the µC/µP and the Framer Microprocessor Interface block.  
4. After allowing the data on the Address Bus pins to settle (by waiting the appropriate Address Setup time),  
the µC/µP should toggle the ALE_AS input pin "High". This step causes the Framer to latch the contents of  
the Address Bus into its own circuitry. At this point, the Address of the register or buffer location (within the  
Framer), has now been selected.  
5. Further, the µC/µP should indicate that this current bus cycle is a Write operation by toggling the WR_R/W  
(R/W*) input pin "Low".  
6. The µC/µP should then place the byte or word that it intends to write into the target register, on the bi-direc-  
tional data bus, D[7:0].  
7. Next, the µC/µP should initiate the bus cycle by toggling the RD_DS (Data Strobe) input pin "Low". When  
the Framer senses that the WR_R/W (R/W*) input pin is "High" and that the RD_DS (Data Strobe) input pin  
has toggled "Low", it will enable the input drivers of the bi-directional data bus, D[7:0].  
8. After waiting the appropriate time, for this newly placed data to settle on the bi-directional data bus (e.g.,  
the Data Setup time) the Framer will assert the RDY_DTACK output signal “Low”.  
9. After the µC/µP detects the RDY_DTACK signal (from the Framer), the µC/µP should toggle the RD_DS  
input pin "High". This action accomplishes two things.  
a. It latches the contents of the bi-directional data bus into the Microprocessor Interface block.  
b. It terminates the Write cycle.  
Figure 7 presents a timing diagram which illustrates the behavior of the Microprocessor Interface signals, dur-  
ing a Motorola-type Programmed I/O Write Operation.  
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FIGURE 7. MOTOROLA µP INTERFACE SIGNAL DURING PROGRAMMED I/O WRITE OPERATION  
ALE_AS  
A[6:0]  
CS  
Address of target Register  
D[7:0]  
Data to be Written  
RD  
WR  
RDY_DTACK  
1.3.2.3 Burst Mode I/O for Data Access  
Burst Mode I/O access is a much faster way to transfer data between the µC/µP and the Microprocessor Inter-  
face (of the Framer), than Programmed I/O. The reason why Burst Mode I/O is faster is explained below.  
Data is placed upon the Address Bus input pins A[6:0] only for the very first access, within a given burst ac-  
cess. The remaining read or write operations (within this burst access) do not require the placement of the Ad-  
dress Data on the Address Data Bus. As a consequence, the user does not have to wait through the Address  
Setup and Hold times for each of these Read/Write operation, within the Burst Access.  
It is important to note that there are some limitations associated with Burst Mode I/O Operations.  
1. All cycles within the Burst Access, must be either all Read or all Write cycles. No mixing of Read and Write  
cycles is permitted.  
2. A Burst Access can only be used when Read or Write operations are to be employed over a contiguous  
range of address locations, within the Framer.  
3. The very first Read or Write cycle, within a burst access, must start at the lowest address value, of the  
range of addresses to be accessed. Subsequent operations will automatically be incremented to the very  
next higher address value.  
Examples of Burst Mode I/O operations are presented below for read and write operations, with both Intel-type  
and Motorola-type µC/µP.  
1.3.2.3.1 Burst I/O Access: Intel Mode  
If the XRT84L38 Framer is interfaced to an Intel-type µC/µP (e.g., the 80x86 family, etc.), then it should be con-  
figured to operate in the Intel mode (by tying the MOTO pin to ground). Intel-type Read and Write Burst I/O Ac-  
cess operations are described below.  
1.3.2.3.1.1 Intel-Mode Read Burst Access  
When an Intel-type µC/µP wants to read the contents of numerous registers or buffer locations over a contigu-  
ous range of addresses, then it should do the following.  
a. Perform the initial read operation of the burst access.  
b. Perform the remaining read operations of the burst access.  
c. Terminate the burst access operation.  
Each of these operations within the burst access are described below.  
1.3.2.3.1.1.1 Initial Read Operation: Intel mode  
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The initial read operation of an Intel-type read burst access is accomplished by executing a Programmed I/O  
Read Cycle as summarized below.  
A.0 Execute a Single Ordinary (Programmed I/O) Read Cycle, as described in steps A.1 through A.7 below.  
A.1 Place the address of the initial-target register or buffer location (within the Framer) on the Address Bus  
input pins A[6:0].  
A.2 While the µC/µP is placing this address value onto the Address Bus, the Address Decoding circuitry  
(within the user's system) should assert the CS input pin of the Framer, by toggling it "Low". This step  
enables further communication between the µC/µP and the Framer Microprocessor Interface block.  
A.3 Assert the ALE_AS (Address Latch Enable) pin by toggling it "High". This step enables the Address Bus  
input drivers, within the Microprocessor Interface block of the Framer.  
A.4 After allowing the data on the Address Bus pins to settle (by waiting the appropriate Address Data Setup  
time), the µC/µP should then toggle the ALE_AS pin "Low". This step latches the contents, on the  
Address Bus pins, A[6:0], into the Framer Microprocessor Interface block. At this point, the initial address  
of the burst access has now been selected.  
NOTE: The ALE_AS input pin should remain "Low" for the remainder of this Burst Access operation.  
A.5 Next, the µC/µP should indicate that this current bus cycle is a Read Operation by toggling the RD_DS  
(Read Strobe) input pin "Low". This action also enables the bi-directional data bus output drivers of the  
Framer. At this point, the bi-directional data bus output drivers will proceed to drive the contents of the  
addressed register onto the bi-directional data bus, D[7:0].  
A.6 Immediately after the µC/µP toggles the Read Strobe signal "Low", the Framer will toggle the  
RDY_DTACK (READY) output pin "Low". The Framer does this in order to inform the µC/µP that the data  
(to be read from the data bus) is NOT READY to be latched into the µC/µP.  
A.7 After some settling time, the data on the bi-directional data bus will stabilize and can be read by the µC/  
µP. The Framer will indicate that this data is ready to be read, by toggling the RDY_DTACK (Ready) sig-  
nal "High".  
A.8 After the µC/µP detects the RDY_DTACK signal (from the Framer), it can then will terminate the Read  
cycle by toggling the RD_DS (Read Strobe) input pin "High".  
Figure 8 presents an illustration of the behavior of the Microprocessor Interface Signals, during the initial Read  
Operation, within a Burst I/O Cycle for an Intel-type µC/µP.  
FIGURE 8. INTEL µP INTERFACE SIGNALS, DURING THE INITIAL READ OPERATION OF A BURST CYCLE  
ALE_AS  
A[6:0]  
CS  
Address of Initial Target Register (Offset = 0x00)  
Valid Data of  
Offset = 0x00  
D[7:0]  
Not Valid  
RD  
WR  
RDY_DTACK  
At the completion of this initial read cycle, the µC/µP has read in the contents of the first register or buffer loca-  
tion (within the Framer) for this particular burst I/O access operation. In order to illustrate how this burst access  
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operation works, the byte (or word) of data, that is being read in Figure 8, has been labeled Valid Data at Offset  
= 0x00. This label indicates that the µC/µP is reading the very first register (or buffer location) in this burst ac-  
cess operation.  
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1.3.2.3.1.1.2 Subsequent Read Operations  
The procedure that the µC/µP must use to perform the remaining read cycles, within this Burst Access opera-  
tion, is presented below.  
B.0 Execute each subsequent Read Cycles, as described in steps 1 through 3 below.  
B.1 Without toggling the ALE_AS input pin (e.g., keeping it "Low"), toggle the RD_DS input pin "Low". This  
step accomplishes the following.  
a. The Framer will internally increments the latched address value (within the Microprocessor Interface circuitry).  
b. The output drivers of the bi-directional data bus, D[7:0] are enabled. At some time later, the register or buffer location  
corresponding to the incremented latched address value will be driven onto the bi-directional data bus.  
B.2 Immediately after the Read Strobe pin toggles "Low" the Framer will toggle the RDY_DTACK (READY)  
output pin "Low" to indicate its NOT READY status.  
B.3 After some settling time, the data on the bi-directional data bus will stabilize and can be read by the µC/  
µP. The Framer will indicate that this data is ready to be read by toggling the RDY_DTACK (READY) sig-  
nal "High".  
B.4 After the µC/µP detects the RDY_DTACK signal (from the Framer), it can terminate the Read cycle by  
toggling the RD_DS (Read Strobe) input pin "High".  
For subsequent read operations, within this burst cycle, the µC/µP simply repeats steps 1 through 3, as illus-  
trated in Figure 9.  
FIGURE 9. INTEL µP INTERFACE SIGNALS, DURING SUBSEQUENT READ OPERATIONS OF A BURST I/O CYCLE  
ALE_AS  
A[6:0]  
CS  
Address of Initial Target Register (Offset = 0x00)  
Not  
Valid  
Valid Data at  
Offset = 0x01  
Not  
Valid  
Valid Data at  
Offset = 0x02  
D[7:0]  
RD  
WR  
RDY_DTACK  
In addition to the behavior of the Microprocessor Interface signals, Figure 9 also illustrates other points regard-  
ing the Burst Access Operation.  
a. The Framer internally increments the address value, from the original latched value shown in Figure 8.  
This is illustrated by the data, appearing on the data bus, (for the first read access) being labeled Valid  
Data at Offset = 0x01 and that for the second read access being labeled Valid Data at Offset = 0x02.  
b. The Framer performs this address incrementing process even though there are no changes in the Address  
Bus Data, A[6:0].  
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1.3.2.3.1.1.3 Terminating the Burst Access Operation  
The Burst Access Operation will be terminated upon the rising edge of the ALE_AS input signal. At this point  
the Framer will cease to internally increment the latched address value. Further, the µC/µP is now free to exe-  
cute either a Programmed I/O access or to start another Burst Access Operation with the Framer.  
1.3.2.3.1.2 Write Burst Access: Intel-Mode  
When an Intel-type µC/µP wishes to write data into a contiguous range of addresses, then it should do the fol-  
lowing.  
a. Perform the initial write operation of the burst access.  
b. Perform the remaining write operations, of the burst access.  
c. Terminate the burst access operation.  
Each of these operations within the burst access are described below.  
1.3.2.3.1.2.1 Initial Write Operation  
The initial write operation of an Intel-type Write Burst Access is accomplished by executing a Programmed I/O  
write cycle as summarized below.  
A.0 Execute a Single Ordinary (Programmed I/O) Write cycle, as described in Steps A.1 through A.7 below.  
A.1 Place the address of the initial target register (or buffer location) within the Framer, on the Address Bus  
pins, A[6:0].  
A.2 At the same time, the Address-Decoding circuitry (within the user's system) should assert the CS (Chip  
Select) input pin of the Framer, by toggling it "Low". This step enables further communication between  
the µC/µP and the Framer Microprocessor Interface block.  
A.3 Assert the ALE_AS (Address Latch Enable) input pin "High". This step enables the Address Bus input  
drivers, within the Microprocessor Interface Block of the Framer.  
A.4 After allowing the data on the Address Bus pins to settle (by waiting the appropriate Address Setup  
time), the µC/µP should then toggle the ALE_AS input pin "Low". This step latches the contents, on the  
Address Bus pins, A[6:0], into the XRT84L38 Framer Microprocessor Interface block. At this point, the  
initial address of the burst access has now been selected.  
NOTE: The ALE_AS input pin should remain "Low" for the remainder of this Burst I/O Access operation.  
A.5 Next, the µC/µP should indicate that this current bus cycle is a Write operation by keeping the RD_DS  
pin "High" and toggling the WR_R/W (Write Strobe) pin "Low". This action also enables the bi-directional  
data bus input drivers of the Framer.  
A.6 The µC/µP places the byte (or word) that it intends to write into the target register on the bi-directional  
data bus, D[7:0].  
A.7 After waiting the appropriate amount of time, for the data (on the bi-directional data bus) to settle, the µC/  
µP should toggle the WR_R/W (Write Strobe) input pin "High". This action accomplishes two things.  
a. It latches the contents of the bi-directional data bus into the Framer Microprocessor Interface Block.  
b. It terminates the write cycle.  
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Figure 10 presents a timing diagram which illustrates the behavior of the Microprocessor Interface signals, dur-  
ing the initial write operation within a Burst Access, for an Intel-type µC/µP.  
FIGURE 10. INTEL µP INTERFACE SIGNALS, DURING THE INITIAL WRITE OPERATION OF A BURST CYCLE  
ALE_AS  
A[6:0]  
CS  
Address of Initial Target Register (Offset = 0x00)  
Data to be Written  
(Offset = 0x00)  
D[7:0]  
RD  
WR  
RDY_DTACK  
At the completion of this initial write cycle, the µC/µP has written a byte or word into the first register or buffer  
location (within the Framer) for this particular burst access operation. In order to illustrate this point, the byte (or  
word) of data, that is being written in Figure 10 has been labeled Data to be Written (Offset = 0x00).  
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1.3.2.3.1.2.2 The Subsequent Write Operations  
The procedure that the µC/µP must use to perform the remaining write cycles, within this burst access opera-  
tion, is presented below.  
B.0 Execute each subsequent write cycle, as described in steps B.1 through B.3.  
B.1 Without toggling the ALE_AS input pin (e.g., keeping it "Low"), apply the value of the next byte or word  
(to be written into the Framer) to the bi-directional data bus pins, D[7:0].  
B.2 Toggle the WR_R/W (Write Strobe) input pin "Low". This step accomplishes two things.  
a. It enables the input drivers of the bi-directional data bus.  
b. It causes the Framer to internally increment the value of the latched address.  
B.3 After waiting the appropriate amount of settling time the data, in the internal data bus, will stabilize and is  
ready to be latched into the Framer Microprocessor Interface block. At this point, the µC/µP should latch  
the data into the Framer by toggling the WR_R/W input pin "High".  
For subsequent write operations, within this burst I/O access, the µC/µP simply repeats steps B.1 through B.3,  
as illustrated in Figure 11.  
FIGURE 11. µP INTERFACE SIGNALS, DURING SUBSEQUENT WRITE OPERATIONS OF A BURST I/O CYCLE  
ALE_AS  
A[6:0]  
CS  
Address of Initial Target Register (Offset = 0x00)  
D[7:0]  
Data Written at Offset = 0x01  
Data Written at Offset = 0x02  
RD  
WR  
RDY_DTACK  
1.3.2.3.1.2.3 Terminating the Burst I/O Access  
Burst Access Operation will be terminated upon the rising edge of the ALE_AS input signal. At this point the  
Framer will cease to internally increment the latched address value. Further, the µC/µP is now free to execute  
either a Programmed I/O access or to start another Burst Access Operation with the XRT84L38 Framer.  
1.3.2.3.2 Burst I/O Access: Motorola Mode  
If the XRT84L38 Framer is interfaced to a Motorola-type µC/µP (e.g., the MC680x0 family, etc.), then it should  
be configured to operate in the Motorola mode (by tying the MOTO pin to VCC). Motorola-type Read and Write  
Burst I/O Access operations are described below.  
1.3.2.3.2.1 Read Burst I/O Access Operation: Motorola-Mode  
Whenever a Motorola-type µC/µP wishes to read the contents of numerous registers or buffer locations over a  
contiguous range of addresses, then it should do the following.  
a. Perform the initial Read operation of the burst access.  
b. Perform the remaining read operations in the burst access.  
c. Terminate the burst access operation.  
Each of these operations, within the Burst Access are discussed below.  
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1.3.2.3.2.1.1 Initial Read Operation: Motorola Mode  
The initial read operation of a Motorola-type read burst access is accomplished by executing a Programmed I/  
O Read cycle, as summarized below.  
A.0 Execute a Single Ordinary (Programmed I/O) Read Cycle, as described in steps A.1 through A.8 below.  
A.1 Assert the ALE_AS (AS) input pin by toggling it "Low". This step enables the Address Bus input drivers  
(within the Framer) within the Framer Microprocessor Interface Block.  
A.2 Place the address of the initial target register or buffer location (within the Framer), on the Address Bus  
input pins, A[6:0].  
A.3 At the same time, the Address-Decoding circuitry (within the user's system) should assert the CS (Chip  
Select) input pins of the Framer by toggling it "Low". This action enables further communication between  
the µC/µP and the Framer Microprocessor Interface block.  
A.4 After allowing the data on the Address Bus pins to settle (by waiting the appropriate Address Setup  
time), the µC/µP should toggle the ALE_AS input pin "High". This step causes the Framer to latch the  
contents of the Address Bus into its internal circuitry. At this point, the initial address of the burst access  
has now been selected.  
A.5 Further, the µC/µP should indicate that this cycle is a Read cycle by setting the WR_R/W (R/W) input pin  
"High".  
A.6 Next the µC/µP should initiate the current bus cycle by toggling the RD_DS (Data Strobe) input pin  
"Low". This step will enable the bi-directional data bus output drivers, within the Framer. At this point, the  
bi-directional data bus output drivers will proceed to driver the contents of the Address register onto the  
bi-directional data bus.  
A.7 After some settling time, the data on the bi-directional data bus will stabilize and can be read by the µC/  
µP. The Framer will indicate that this data can be read by asserting the RDY_DTACK (DTACK) signal  
“Low”.  
A.8 After the µC/µP detects the RDY_DTACK signal (from the Framer) it will terminate the Read Cycle by tog-  
gling the RD_DS (Data Strobe) input pin "High".  
Figure 12 presents an illustration of the behavior of the Microprocessor Interface Signals during the initial Read  
Operation, within a Burst I/O Cycle, for a Motorola-type µC/µP.  
FIGURE 12. MOTOROLA µP INTERFACE SIGNALS DURING THE INITIAL READ OPERATION OF A BURST CYCLE  
ALE_AS  
A[6:0]  
CS  
Address of Initial Target Register (Offset = 0x00)  
Valid Data at  
Offset = 0x00  
D[7:0]  
Not Valid  
RD  
WR  
RDY_DTACK  
At the completion of this initial read cycle, the µC/µP has read in the contents of the first register or buffer loca-  
tion (within the Framer) for this particular burst access operation. In order to illustrate how this burst I/O cycle  
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works, the byte (or word) of data, that is being read in Figure 12 has been labeled Valid Data at Offset = 0x00.  
This indicates that the µC/µP is reading the very first register (or buffer location) in this burst access.  
1.3.2.3.2.1.2 Subsequent Read Operations  
The procedure that the µC/µP must use to perform the remaining read cycles, within this Burst Access opera-  
tion, is presented below.  
B.0 Execute each subsequent Read Cycle, as described in steps B.1 through B.3, below.  
B.1 Without toggling the ALE_AS input pin (e.g., keeping it "High"), toggle the RD_DS (Data Strobe) input pin  
"Low". This step accomplishes the following.  
a. The Framer internally increments the latched address value (within the Microprocessor Interface circuitry).  
b. The output drivers of the bi-directional data bus (D[7:0]) are enabled. At some time later, the register or  
buffer location corresponding to the incremented latched address value will be driven onto the bi-direc-  
tional data bus.  
NOTE: In order to insure that the Framer will interpret this signal as being a Read signal, the µC/µP should keep the  
WR_R/W input pin "High".  
B.2 After some settling time, the data on the bi-directional data bus will stabilize and can be read by the µC/  
µP. The Framer will indicate that this data is ready to be read by asserting the RDY_DTACK (DTACK) sig-  
nal “Low”.  
B.3 After the µC/µP detects the RDY_DTACK signal (from the Framer), it terminates the Read cycle by tog-  
gling the RD_DS (Data Strobe) input pin "High".  
For subsequent read operations, within this burst cycle, the µC/µP simply repeats steps B.1 through B.3, as il-  
lustrated in Figure 13.  
FIGURE 13. MOTOROLA µP INTERFACE SIGNALS, DURING SUBSEQUENT READ OPERATIONS OF A BURST I/O CYCLE  
ALE_AS  
A[6:0]  
CS  
Address of Initial Target Register (Offset = 0x00)  
Valid Data at  
Offset = 0x01  
Valid Data at  
Offset = 0x02  
D[7:0]  
Not Valid  
Not Valid  
RD  
WR  
RDY_DTACK  
1.3.2.3.2.1.3 Terminating Burst Access Operation  
The Burst I/O Access will be terminated upon the falling edge of the ALE_AS input signal. At this point the  
Framer will cease to internally increment the latched address value. Further, the µC/µP is now free to execute  
either a Programmed I/O access or to start another Burst Access Operation with the Framer.  
1.3.2.3.2.2 Write Burst Access: Motorola-Mode  
Whenever a Motorola-type µC/µP wishes to write the contents of numerous registers or buffer locations over a  
contiguous range of addresses, then it should do the following.  
a. Perform the initial write operation of the burst access.  
b. Perform the remaining write operations, of the burst access.  
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c. Terminate the burst access operation.  
1.3.2.3.2.2.1 Initial Write Operation  
The initial write operation of a Motorola-type Write Burst Access is accomplished by executing a Programmed  
I/O Write Cycle as summarized below.  
A.0 Execute a Single Ordinary (Programmed I/O) Write cycle, as described in Steps A.1 through A.7 below.  
A.1 Assert the ALE_AS (Address Strobe) input pin by toggling it "Low". This step enables the Address Bus  
input drivers (within the Framer).  
A.2 Place the address of the initial target register or buffer location (within the Framer), on the Address Bus  
input pins, A[6:0].  
A.3 At the same time, the Address-Decoding circuitry (within the user's system) should assert the CS input  
pin of the Framer by toggling it "Low". This step enables further communication between the µC/µP and  
the Framer Microprocessor Interface block.  
A.4 After allowing the data on the Address Bus pins to settle (by waiting the appropriate Address Setup  
time), the µC/µP should toggle the ALE_AS input pin "High". This step causes the Framer to latch the  
contents of the Address Bus into its own circuitry. At this point, the initial address of the burst access has  
now been selected.  
A.5 Further, the µC/µP should indicate that this current bus cycle is a Write operation by toggling the WR_R/  
W (R/W) input pin "Low".  
A.6 The µC/µP should then place the byte or word that it intends to write into the target register, on the bi-  
directional data bus, D[7:0].  
A.7 Next, the µC/µP should initiate the bus cycle by toggling the RD_DS (Data Strobe) input pin "Low". When  
the XRT84L38 Framer senses that the WR_R/W input pin is "Low", and that the RD_DS input pin has tog-  
gled "Low" it will enable the input drivers of the bi-directional data bus, D[7:0].  
A.8 After waiting the appropriate amount of time, for this newly placed data to settle on the bi-directional data  
bus (e.g., the Data Setup time) the Framer will assert the RDY_DTACK (DTACK) output signal.  
A.9 After the µP/µC detects the RDY_DTACK signal (from the Framer) it should toggle the RD_DS input pin  
"High". This action accomplishes two things:  
a. It latches the contents of the bi-directional data bus into the Framer Microprocessor Interface block.  
b. It terminates the Write cycle.  
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Figure 14 presents a timing diagram which illustrates the behavior of the Microprocessor Interface signals, dur-  
ing the Initial write operation within a Burst Access, for a Motorola-type µC/µP.  
FIGURE 14. MOTOROLA µP INTERFACE SIGNALS, DURING THE INITIAL WRITE OPERATION OF A BURST CYCLE  
ALE_AS  
A[6:0]  
CS  
Address of Initial Target Register (Offset = 0x00)  
Data to be Written  
(Offset = 0x00)  
D[7:0]  
RD  
WR  
RDY_DTACK  
At the completion of this initial write cycle, the µC/µP has written a byte or word into the first register or buffer  
location (within the Framer) for this particular burst I/O access. In order to illustrate how this burst I/O cycle  
works, the byte (or word) of data, that is being written in Figure 14 has been labeled Data to be Written (Offset  
= 0x00).  
1.3.2.3.2.2.2 The Subsequent Write Operations  
The procedure that the µC/µP must use to perform the remaining write cycles, within this burst access opera-  
tion, is presented below.  
B.0 Execute each subsequent write cycle, as described in steps B.1 through B.3.  
B.1 Without toggling the ALE_AS input pin (e.g., keeping it "Low"), apply the value of the next byte or word  
(to be written into the Framer) to the bi-directional data bus pins, D[7:0].  
B.2 Toggle the WR_R/W (Write Strobe) input pin "Low". This step accomplishes two things.  
a. It enables the input drivers of the bi-directional data bus.  
b. It causes the Framer to internally increment the value of the latched address.  
B.3 After waiting the appropriate amount of settling time the data, in the internal data bus, will stabilize and is  
ready to be latched into the Framer Microprocessor Interface block. At this point, the µC/µP should latch  
the data into the Framer by toggling the WR_R/W input pin "High".  
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For subsequent write operations, within this burst I/O access, the µC/µP simply repeats steps B.1 through B.3,  
as illustrated in Figure 15.  
FIGURE 15. MOTOROLA µP INTERFACE SIGNALS DURING SUBSEQUENT WRITE OPERATIONS OF A BURST I/O CYCLE  
ALE_AS  
A[6:0]  
CS  
Address of Initial Target Register (Offset = 0x00)  
D[7:0]  
Data Written at Offset = 0x01  
Data Written at Offset = 0x02  
RD  
WR  
RDY_DTACK  
1.3.2.3.2.2.3 Terminating the Burst I/O Access  
The Burst I/O Access will be terminated upon the falling edge of the ALE_AS input signal. At this point the  
Framer will cease to internally increment the latched address value. Further, the µC/µP is now free to execute  
either a Programmed I/O access or to start another Burst I/O Access with the Framer.  
1.4 DMA READ/WRITE OPERATIONS  
The XRT84L38 Framer contains two DMA Controller Interfaces which provide support for all eight framers within  
the chip. The purpose of the two DMA Controllers is to facilitate the rapid block transfer of data between an ex-  
ternal memory location and the on-chip HDLC buffers via the Microprocessor Interface.  
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DMA-0 WRITE DMA INTERFACE  
DMA 0 Controller Interface handles data transfer between external memory and the selected Transmit HDLC  
Buffer.  
The DMA cycle starts when the XRT84L38 asserts the REQ0 output pin. The external DMA Controller then re-  
sponds by asserting the ACK0 input pin. The contents of the Microprocessor Interface bi-directional data bus  
are latched into the XRT84L38 each time the pWRL (Write Strobe) input pin is strobed “Low”.  
The XRT84L38 ends the DMA cycle by negating the DMA request input (REQ0) while WR is still active. The ex-  
ternal DMA Controller acknowledges the end of DMA Transfer by driving the ACK0 input pin “High”.  
FIGURE 16. DMA MODE FOR THE XRT84L38 AND A MICROPROCESSOR  
REQ[1:0]  
ACK[1:0]  
WR  
RD  
µ
PCLK  
DATA[7:0]  
XRT84L38  
Microprocessor  
1.5 MEMORY AND REGISTER MAP  
This section presents a complete list of the Framer external memory address map and the internal memory  
map. In addition, the allocations of the three internal storage spaces is depicted.  
1.5.1 Memory Mapped I/O Indirect Addressing  
The XRT84L38 employs a complete indirect addressing approach for the Microprocessor Interface; in order to  
support multiple channel implementations, maintaining rich user-controlled features, minimizing the total pin  
count and providing future scalability without sacrificing performance for microcontroller access. Eight address  
bits are used with the 4 MSB (most significant bits) identifying each of the eight framers channels and the 4  
LSBs to address the indirect mapping registers.  
The XRT84L38 framer has approximately 5,800 addressable spaces internally. If each of these addresses has  
to be accessed directly, it would require a 13-bit address bus. In order to control total pin count as well as to  
provide future scalability, the XRT84L38 employs an Indirect Addressing Scheme. Using this technique, only 7  
address input pins on the XRT84L38 are needed.  
The addressable spaces within the XRT84L38 are divided into groups of registers. Each register group con-  
sists of a specific number of indirect address registers and a same number of indirect data registers with the  
exception of LAPD Buffer 0 and 1. Of the 7 total address input bits, the 3 MSB pins are used to identify each of  
eight T1/E1 framer channels. The remaining 4 LSB bits are used to address the register groups. Table 8 indi-  
cates the address mapping of all the register groups within the XRT84L38. Please note that the indirect ad-  
dress registers are with even addresses and the corresponding indirect data registers are with odd addresses  
with the exception of, again, the LAPD Buffer 0 and 1. The n corresponds to the channel number.  
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TABLE 8: ADDRESS MAP  
ADDRESS  
n_0H  
CONTENTS  
Channel_n - Control Register Indirect Address Register  
Channel_n - Control Register Indirect Data Register  
Channel_n - Channel Control Indirect Address Register  
Channel_n - Channel Control Indirect Data Register  
n_1H  
n_2H  
n_3H  
n_4H  
Channel_n - Receive Signaling Array Indirect Address Register  
Channel_n - Receive Signaling Array Indirect Data Register  
Channel_n - LAPD Buffer 0 Indirect Data Register  
Channel_n - LAPD Buffer 1 Indirect Data Register  
Channel_n - Performance Monitor Indirect Address register  
Channel_n - Performance Monitor Indirect Data register  
Channel_n - Interrupt Indirect Address register  
Channel_n - Interrupt Indirect Data register  
n_5H  
n_6H  
n_7H  
n_8H  
n_9H  
n_AH  
n_BH  
n_CH - n_FH  
Reserved  
To access each individual register inside each group, a two-step access by the micro-controller to the  
XRT84L38 is required. In the first step, a micro-controller WRITE access specifying the indirect address for that  
register within the register group should be done to the indirect address register of that group. In the second  
step, a micro-controller READ or WRITE should access the indirect data register of that group. For example, in  
order to write 0DH into the Framing Select Register of Channel 5 (address 0x50H>07H), one needs to do the  
following:  
WR  
0x50 0x07  
Write 0x07Hex into the indirect address register (0x50Hex) to specify address of the Framing Select Register  
within the Control Register group.  
WR  
0x51 0x0D  
Actually WRITE value 0x0DHex into the indirect data register (0x51Hex) of the Control Register group.  
The value of the indirect address register will increment after each access of the corresponding indirect data  
register. Using the above example for illustration, after WRITE to the indirect data register (0x51Hex), the value  
stored inside the indirect address register (0x50Hex) would become 0x08Hex. This feature can greatly en-  
hance the users' ability to access consecutive locations within a certain register group.  
For LAPD Buffer 0 and 1 with addresses 0x06Hex and 0x07Hex respectively, there is no indirect address regis-  
ter. A micro-controller WRITE access to these data registers will access the LAPD Transmit Buffers and a mi-  
cro-controller READ will access the LAPD Receive Buffers. The very first access of the LAPD buffers will al-  
ways to location 0. After each access, the pointer within the LAPD buffer will automatically increment by one,  
making further access to the next location within the buffer. User should keep track of the current location in-  
side the buffer the READ or WRITE is associated with.  
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1.6 DESCRIPTION OF THE CONTROL REGISTERS  
Clock Select Register (CSR) - T1 Mode(Indirect Address = 0xn0H, 0x00H)  
BIT 7  
BIT 6  
BIT 5  
BIT 4  
BIT3  
BIT 2  
BIT 1  
BIT 0  
Bipolar  
Violation  
Insertion  
T1, E1 Select  
8KHz  
Synchroniza-  
tion  
Clock Loss  
Detection  
Enable  
OSCCLK  
Frequency  
Select Bit 1  
OSCCLK  
Frequency  
Transmit  
Timing  
Transmit  
Timing  
Select Bit 0 SourceSelect SourceSelect  
Enable  
Bit 1  
R/W  
0
Bit 0  
R/W  
1
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
1
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7
Bipolar Violation Insertion  
R/W  
Bipolar Violation Insertion:  
This READ/WRITE bit-field permits the user to insert Bipolar  
Violation to the transmit encoder.  
The line coding for the DS1 signal should be bipolar. This signal-  
ing technique consists of transmitting a binary "0" as zero volts,  
while a binary "1" is transmitted as either a positive or negative  
pulse, opposite in polarity to the previous pulse. A Bipolar Viola-  
tion occurs when the alternate polarity rule is violated.  
A zero-to-one transition of the bit will cause one Bipolar Violation  
to be inserted into the outgoing data stream.  
6
T1/E1 Select  
R/W  
T1/E1 Select:  
This READ/WRITE bit-field permits the user to select which  
mode the framer will be operating.  
When this bit is set to one:  
The framer is in T1 mode.  
When this bit is set to zero:  
The framer is in E1 mode.  
5
8KHz Synchronization  
Enable  
R/W  
8KHz Synchronization Enable:  
This READ/WRITE bit-field permits the user to activate and de-  
activate the 8KHz synchronization of the framer.  
An 8KHz external reference clock can be provided to the framer.  
When this bit is set to one:  
If the Transmit Clock Source Select bits are set to two, the trans-  
mit clocks of all eight channels will be synchronized to the exter-  
nal applied 8KHz reference clock and thus have the same  
frequency and the same phase.  
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BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
4
Clock Loss Detection  
Enable  
R/W  
Clock Loss Detection Enable:  
This READ/WRITE bit-field permits the user to enable the Clock  
Loss Detection logic for the framer when the Recovered Receive  
Line Clock is used as transmit timing source of the framer.  
When this bit is set to zero:  
The framer disables the Clock Loss Detection logic.  
When this bit is set to one:  
The framer enables the Clock Loss Detection logic. If the Recov-  
ered Receive Line Clock is used as transmit timing source of the  
framer, and if clock recovered from the LIU is lost, the framer can  
detect loss of the Recovered Receive Line Clock. Upon detecting  
of this occurrence, the framer will automatically begin to use the  
OSCCLK Driven Divided clock as transmit timing source until the  
LIU is able to regain clock recovery.  
NOTE: This bit-field is ignored if the TxSerClk or the OSCCLK  
Driven Divided clock is chosen to be the timing source of Trans-  
mit Section of the framer.  
3-2  
OSCCLK Frequency  
Select  
R/W  
OSCCLK Frequency Select:  
These two READ/WRITE bit-fields permit the user to select inter-  
nal clock dividing logic of the framer depending on the frequency  
of incoming oscillator clock (OSCCLK). The frequency of internal  
clock used by the framer should be 12.352MHz.  
When these bits are set to 00:  
The framer will internally divide the incoming OSCCLK by one.  
Therefore, the external oscillator clock applied to the OSCCLK  
pin should be 12.352MHz.  
When these bits are set to 01:  
The framer will internally divide the incoming OSCCLK by two.  
Therefore, the external oscillator clock applied to the OSCCLK  
pin should be 24.704MHz.  
When these bits are set to 10:  
The framer will internally divide the incoming OSCCLK by four.  
Therefore, the external oscillator clock applied to the OSCCLK  
pin should be 49.408MHz.  
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BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
1-0  
Transmit Timing Source  
Select  
R/W  
Transmit Timing Source Select:  
These two READ/WRITE bit-fields permit the user to select the  
timing source of Transmit section of the framer.  
When the framer is operating at non-multiplexed mode, that is,  
the Transmit Back-plane interface is operating at a clock rate of  
1.544MHz for T1, these two READ/WRITE bit-fields also deter-  
mine the direction of Single Frame Synchronization Pulse  
(TxSync), Multi-frame Synchronization Pulse (TxMSync) and  
Transmit Serial Clock Input (TxSerClk). When the framer is oper-  
ating at other Back-plane mode, the Single Frame Synchroniza-  
tion Pulse (TxSync), Multi-frame Synchronization Pulse  
(TxMSync) and Transmit Serial Clock Input (TxSerClk) are all  
inputs.  
When these bits are set to 00:  
The Recovered Receive Line Clock is the timing source of Trans-  
mit section of the framer. When operating at the non-multiplexed  
1.544MHz Back-plane Interface mode, the Single Frame Syn-  
chronization Pulse (TxSync), Multi-frame Synchronization Pulse  
(TxMSync) and Transmit Serial Clock Input (TxSerClk) are all  
outputs. Upon losing of the Recovered Receiver Line Clock, the  
OSCCLK Driven Divided clock is automatically chosen to be the  
timing source of the Transmit section of the framer.  
When these bits are set to 01:  
The Transmit Serial Clock is the timing source of Transmit sec-  
tion of the framer. When operating at the non-multiplexed  
1.544MHz Back-plane Interface mode, the Single Frame Syn-  
chronization Pulse (TxSync), Multi-frame Synchronization Pulse  
(TxMSync) and Transmit Serial Clock Input (TxSerClk) are all  
inputs.  
When these bits are set to 10:  
The OSCCLK Driven Divided clock is the timing source of Trans-  
mit section of the framer. When operating at the non-multiplexed  
1.544MHz Back-plane Interface mode, the Single Frame Syn-  
chronization Pulse (TxSync), Multi-frame Synchronization Pulse  
(TxMSync) and Transmit Serial Clock Input (TxSerClk) are all  
outputs. Upon losing of the Recovered Receiver Line Clock, the  
OSCCLK Driven Divided clock is automatically chosen to be the  
timing source of the Transmit section of the framer.  
When these bits are set to 11:  
The Recovered Receive Line Clock is the timing source of Trans-  
mit section of the framer. When operating at the non-multiplexed  
1.544MHz Back-plane Interface mode, the Single Frame Syn-  
chronization Pulse (TxSync), Multi-frame Synchronization Pulse  
(TxMSync) and Transmit Serial Clock Input (TxSerClk) are all  
outputs. Upon losing of the Recovered Receiver Line Clock, the  
OSCCLK Driven Divided clock is automatically chosen to be the  
timing source of the Transmit section of the framer.  
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Clock Select Register (CSR) - E1 Mode (Indirect Address = 0xn0H, 0x00H)  
BIT 7  
BIT 6  
BIT 5  
BIT 4  
BIT3  
BIT 2  
BIT 1  
BIT 0  
Bipolar  
Violation  
Insertion  
T1, E1 Select  
8KHz  
Synchroniza-  
tion  
Clock Loss  
Detection  
Enable  
OSCCLK  
Frequency  
Select Bit 1  
OSCCLK  
Frequency  
Transmit  
Timing  
Transmit  
Timing  
Select Bit 0 SourceSelect SourceSelect  
Enable  
Bit1  
R/W  
0
Bit0  
R/W  
1
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
1
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7
Bipolar Violation Insertion  
R/W  
Bipolar Violation Insertion:  
This READ/WRITE bit-field permits the user to insert Bipolar  
Violation to the transmit encoder.  
The line coding for the DS1 signal should be bipolar. This signal-  
ing technique consists of transmitting a binary "0" as zero volts,  
while a binary "1" is transmitted as either a positive or negative  
pulse, opposite in polarity to the previous pulse. A Bipolar Viola-  
tion occurs when the alternate polarity rule is violated.  
A zero-to-one transition of the bit will cause one Bipolar Violation  
to be inserted into the outgoing data stream.  
6
T1/E1 Select  
R/W  
T1/E1 Select:  
This READ/WRITE bit-field permits the user to select which  
mode the framer will be operating.  
When this bit is set to one:  
The framer is in T1 mode.  
When this bit is set to zero:  
The framer is in E1 mode.  
5
8KHz Synchronization  
Enable  
R/W  
8KHz Synchronization Enable:  
This READ/WRITE bit-field permits the user to activate and de-  
activate the 8KHz synchronization of the framer.  
An 8KHz external reference clock can be provided to the framer.  
When this bit is set to one:  
If the Transmit Clock Source Select bits are set to two, the trans-  
mit clocks of all eight channels will be synchronized to the exter-  
nal applied 8KHz reference clock and thus have the same  
frequency and the same phase.  
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BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
4
Clock Loss Detection  
Enable  
R/W  
Clock Loss Detection Enable:  
This READ/WRITE bit-field permits the user to enable the Clock  
Loss Detection logic for the framer when the Recovered Receive  
Line Clock is used as transmit timing source of the framer.  
When this bit is set to zero:  
The framer disables the Clock Loss Detection logic.  
When this bit is set to one:  
The framer enables the Clock Loss Detection logic. If the Recov-  
ered Receive Line Clock is used as transmit timing source of the  
framer, and if clock recovered from the LIU is lost, the framer can  
detect loss of the Recovered Receive Line Clock. Upon detecting  
of this occurrence, the framer will automatically begin to use the  
OSCCLK Driven Divided clock as transmit timing source until the  
LIU is able to regain clock recovery.  
NOTE: This bit-field is ignored if the TxSerClk or the OSCCLK  
Driven Divided clock is chosen to be the timing source of Trans-  
mit Section of the framer.  
3-2  
OSCCLK Frequency  
Select  
R/W  
OSCCLK Frequency Select:  
These two READ/WRITE bit-fields permit the user to select inter-  
nal clock dividing logic of the framer depending on the frequency  
of incoming oscillator clock (OSCCLK). The frequency of internal  
clock used by the framer should be 16.384MHz.  
When these bits are set to 00:  
The framer will internally divide the incoming OSCCLK by one.  
Therefore, the external oscillator clock applied to the OSCCLK  
pin should be 16.384MHz.  
When these bits are set to 01:  
The framer will internally divide the incoming OSCCLK by two.  
Therefore, the external oscillator clock applied to the OSCCLK  
pin should be 32.768MHz.  
When these bits are set to 10:  
The framer will internally divide the incoming OSCCLK by four.  
Therefore, the external oscillator clock applied to the OSCCLK  
pin should be 65.536MHz.  
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BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
1-0  
Transmit Timing Source  
Select  
R/W  
Transmit Timing Source Select:  
These two READ/WRITE bit-fields permit the user to select the  
timing source of Transmit section of the framer.  
When the framer is operating at non-multiplexed mode, that is,  
the Transmit Back-plane interface is operating at a clock rate of  
2.048MHz for T1, these two READ/WRITE bit-fields also deter-  
mine the direction of Single Frame Synchronization Pulse  
(TxSync), Multi-frame Synchronization Pulse (TxMSync) and  
Transmit Serial Clock Input (TxSerClk). When the framer is oper-  
ating at other Back-plane mode, the Single Frame Synchroniza-  
tion Pulse (TxSync), Multi-frame Synchronization Pulse  
(TxMSync) and Transmit Serial Clock Input (TxSerClk) are all  
inputs.  
When these bits are set to 00:  
The Recovered Receive Line Clock is the timing source of Trans-  
mit section of the framer. When operating at the non-multiplexed  
2.048MHz Back-plane Interface mode, the Single Frame Syn-  
chronization Pulse (TxSync), Multi-frame Synchronization Pulse  
(TxMSync) and Transmit Serial Clock Input (TxSerClk) are all  
outputs. Upon losing of the Recovered Receiver Line Clock, the  
OSCCLK Driven Divided clock is automatically chosen to be the  
timing source of the Transmit section of the framer.  
When these bits are set to 01:  
The Transmit Serial Clock is the timing source of Transmit sec-  
tion of the framer. When operating at the non-multiplexed  
2.048MHz Back-plane Interface mode, the Single Frame Syn-  
chronization Pulse (TxSync), Multi-frame Synchronization Pulse  
(TxMSync) and Transmit Serial Clock Input (TxSerClk) are all  
inputs.  
When these bits are set to 10:  
The OSCCLK Driven Divided clock is the timing source of Trans-  
mit section of the framer. When operating at the non-multiplexed  
2.048MHz Back-plane Interface mode, the Single Frame Syn-  
chronization Pulse (TxSync), Multi-frame Synchronization Pulse  
(TxMSync) and Transmit Serial Clock Input (TxSerClk) are all  
outputs. Upon losing of the Recovered Receiver Line Clock, the  
OSCCLK Driven Divided clock is automatically chosen to be the  
timing source of the Transmit section of the framer.  
When these bits are set to 11:  
The Recovered Receive Line Clock is the timing source of Trans-  
mit section of the framer. When operating at the non-multiplexed  
2.048MHz Back-plane Interface mode, the Single Frame Syn-  
chronization Pulse (TxSync), Multi-frame Synchronization Pulse  
(TxMSync) and Transmit Serial Clock Input (TxSerClk) are all  
outputs. Upon losing of the Recovered Receiver Line Clock, the  
OSCCLK Driven Divided clock is automatically chosen to be the  
timing source of the Transmit section of the framer.  
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XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
Line Interface Control Register (LICR) - T1 Mode (Indirect Address = 0xn0H, 0x01H)  
BIT 7  
BIT 6  
BIT 5  
BIT 4  
BIT3  
BIT 2  
BIT 1  
BIT 0  
Force  
Transmit LOS  
NRZ Rail  
Select  
Loop-back  
Select Bit 1  
Loop-back Transmit Line Receive Line  
Transmit  
B8ZS Enable B8ZS Enable  
Receive  
Select Bit 0  
Clock  
Clock  
Inversion  
Inversion  
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7
Force Transmit LOS  
R/W  
Force Transmit LOS:  
This READ/WRITE bit-field forces the framer to transmit Loss of  
Signal (LOS) onto the LIU interface.  
When this bit is set to one:  
The framer is forced to transmit an LOS signal onto the LIU inter-  
face outputs.  
6
NRZ Rail Select  
R/W  
NRZ Rail Select:  
This READ/WRITE bit-field permits the user to select how data  
are transmitted to and received from the LIU.  
When this bit is set to zero:  
The framer is operating in dual-rail mode. The TxPOS pin is car-  
rying the positive data and the TxNEG pin is carrying the nega-  
tive data. The positive and the negative data combined represent  
the entire data stream going to the LIU.  
The received data from the LIU will also be bipolar, that is, the  
positive data received from RxPOS and the negative data  
received from RxNEG combined represent the entire data  
stream.  
When this bit is set to one:  
The framer is operating in single-rail mode. The TxPOS pin is  
carrying the entire data stream. The TxNEG pin is carrying the  
Multi-frame Synchronization Pulse.  
The received data from the LIU will also be single-railed. The  
RxPOS pin is carrying the entire data stream going into the  
framer from LIU.  
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XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
5-4  
Loop-back Select  
R/W  
Loop-back Select:  
These READ/WRITE bit-fields permit the user to configure any  
channel of the framer to operate in different loop-back modes.  
Each channel of the framer can operate in three loop-back  
modes:  
Local Loop-back (LL), Far-End Line Loop-back (FELL) and Pay-  
load Loop-back (PL).Local Loop-back connects the transmitter  
output of the framer back to the receiver input. All payload data  
as well as data link bits and Frame Alignment bits are directed  
back into the framer. The Local-Loop-back allows the perfor-  
mance of diagnostic tests on the transmitter and receiver to ver-  
ify operation of the framer and equipment-side circuitry.  
Payload Loop-back also connects the transmitter output of the  
framer back to the receiver input. However, only payload data  
and Frame Alignment bits are directed back into the framer. The  
framer can still transmit data link information to the remote termi-  
nal. The Payload Loop-back allows the performance of diagnos-  
tic tests on the transmitter and receiver to verify operation of the  
framer and equipment-side circuitry. At the same time, the Pay-  
load Loop-back allows performance report and test signal identi-  
fication message to be sent to remote side.  
Far-End Line Loop-back connects the receiver input to the trans-  
mit output. Only the LIU interface logic inside the framer can be  
examined using this loop-back mode. During the Far-End Line  
Loop-back, the Recovered Receive Line Clock will automatically  
be the source of the Transmit Line Clock.  
When these bits are set to 00:  
The framer is operating in normal mode; no loop-back mode is  
selected.  
When these bits are set to 01:  
The framer is operating in Local Loop-back mode.  
When these bits are set to 10:  
The framer is operating in Far-End Line Loop-back mode.  
When these bits are set to 11:  
The framer is operating in Payload Loop-back mode.  
3
Transmit Line Clock  
Inversion  
R/W  
Transmit Line Clock Inversion:  
This READ/WRITE bit-field permits the user to select which  
edge of the Transmit Line Clock will data transition occur.  
When this bit is set to zero:  
The transmit data transition occurs at rising edge of the Transmit  
Line Clock. The user should program the LIU device to sample  
data at falling edge of the Transmit Line Clock.  
When this bit is set to one:  
The transmit data transition occurs at falling edge of the Transmit  
Line Clock. The user should program the LIU device to sample  
data at rising edge of the Transmit Line Clock.  
78  
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OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
2
Receive Line Clock Inver-  
sion  
R/W  
Receive Line Clock Inversion:  
This READ/WRITE bit-field permits the user to select which  
edge of the Receive Line Clock will be used by the framer to  
sample incoming data from LIU.  
When this bit is set to zero:  
The receive data transition occurs at rising edge of the Receive  
Line Clock. The framer will sample data at falling edge of the  
Receive Line Clock.  
When this bit is set to one:  
The receive data transition occurs at falling edge of the Receive  
Line Clock. The frame will sample data at rising edge of the  
Receive Line Clock.  
1
Transmit B8ZS Enable  
R/W  
Transmit B8ZS Enable:  
This READ/WRITE bit-field permits the user to enable transmit  
B8ZS encoding.  
When this bit is set to zero:  
The framer will send out transmit data encoded by B8ZS. The  
user should turn off the B8ZS encoding of the LIU device.  
When this bit is set to one:  
The framer will send out transmit data in AMI line code without  
B8ZS encoding. The user should turn on or off B8ZS encoding of  
the LIU device depending on system requirement.  
0
Receive B8ZS Enable  
R/W  
Receive B8ZS Enable:  
This READ/WRITE bit-field permits the user to enable receive  
B8ZS decoding.  
When this bit is set to zero:The framer will decode the incoming  
data assuming that they are B8ZS encoded.When this bit is set  
to one:The framer disables B8ZS decoding of the incoming data.  
79  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
Line Control Register (LCR) (Indirect Address = 0xn0H, 0x02H)  
BIT 7  
BIT 6  
BIT 5  
BIT 4  
BIT3  
BIT 2  
BIT 1  
BIT 0  
GPIO  
GPIO  
GPIO  
GPIO  
GPIO Bit 3  
GPIO Bit 2  
GPIO Bit 1  
GPIO Bit 0  
Direction  
Direction  
Direction  
Direction  
Control Bit 3 Control Bit 2 Control Bit 1 Control Bit 0  
R/W  
1
R/W  
1
R/W  
1
R/W  
1
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7-4  
GPIO Direction Control  
R/W  
GPIO Direction Control:  
These READ/WRITE bit-fields control directions of the four on-  
chip General Purpose Input/Output pins.  
When these bits are set to zero:  
The corresponding GPIO pins are configured as inputs. The user  
can now apply signals to the GPIO pins by writing to the corre-  
sponding GPIO bit-fields.  
When these bits are set to one:  
The corresponding GPIO pins are configured as outputs. The  
user can read the output values by reading the corresponding  
GPIO bit-fields.  
3-0  
GPIO  
R/W  
GPIO:  
These READ/WRITE bit-fields contain values of the four on-chip  
General Purpose Input/Output pins.  
When the corresponding GPIO Direction Control bit-fields are  
set to zero, the GPIO pins are configured as inputs. The GPIO  
bit-fields contain values to be present on the GPIO pins. For  
example, if the user wants to pull the pin GPIO_0 HIGH, he/she  
can write zero into the GPIO Direction Control Bit 0; then write  
one into the GPIO Bit 0.  
When the corresponding GPIO Direction Control bit-fields are  
set to one, the GPIO pins are configured as outputs. The GPIO  
bit-fields contain values currently present on the GPIO pins.  
LIU Access Register 1 (LAR1) (Indirect Address = 0xn0H, 0x03H)  
BIT 7  
LAR1 Bit 7  
R/W  
BIT 6  
LAR1 Bit 6  
R/W  
BIT 5  
LAR1 Bit 5  
R/W  
BIT 4  
LAR1 Bit 4  
R/W  
BIT3  
LAR1 Bit 3  
R/W  
BIT 2  
LAR1 Bit 2  
R/W  
BIT 1  
LAR1 Bit 1  
R/W  
BIT 0  
LAR1 Bit 0  
R/W  
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7-0  
LAR1  
R/W  
80  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
LIU Access Register 2 (LAR2) (Indirect Address = 0xn0H, 0x04H)  
BIT 7  
LAR2 Bit 7  
R/W  
BIT 6  
LAR2 Bit 6  
R/W  
BIT 5  
LAR2 Bit 5  
R/W  
BIT 4  
LAR2 Bit 4  
R/W  
BIT3  
LAR2 Bit 3  
R/W  
BIT 2  
LAR2 Bit 2  
R/W  
BIT 1  
BIT 0  
LAR2 Bit 1  
LAR2 Bit 0  
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7-0  
LAR2  
R/W  
LIU Poll Register 1 (LPR1) (Indirect Address = 0xn0H, 0x05H)  
BIT 7  
LPR1 Bit 7  
R/W  
BIT 6  
LPR1 Bit 6  
R/W  
BIT 5  
LPR1 Bit 5  
R/W  
BIT 4  
LPR1 Bit 4  
R/W  
BIT3  
LPR1 Bit 3  
R/W  
BIT 2  
LPR1 Bit 2  
R/W  
BIT 1  
BIT 0  
LPR1 Bit 0  
R/W  
LPR1 Bit 1  
R/W  
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7-0  
LPR1  
R/W  
LIU Poll Register 2 (LPR2) (Indirect Address = 0xn0H, 0x06H)  
BIT 7  
LPR2 Bit 7  
R/W  
BIT 6  
LPR2 Bit 6  
R/W  
BIT 5  
LPR2 Bit 5  
R/W  
BIT 4  
LPR2 Bit 4  
R/W  
BIT3  
LPR2 Bit 3  
R/W  
BIT 2  
LPR2 Bit 2  
R/W  
BIT 1  
BIT 0  
LPR2 Bit 0  
R/W  
LPR2 Bit 1  
R/W  
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7-0  
LPR2  
R/W  
81  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
Framing Select Register (FSR) - T1 Mode (Indirect Address = 0xn0H, 0x07H)  
BIT 7  
BIT 6  
BIT 5  
BIT 4  
BIT3  
BIT 2  
BIT 1  
BIT 0  
Signaling  
Update on  
Super-frame  
Boundary  
CRC  
Diagnostics  
Select  
J1 CRC  
One  
Fast  
T1 Framing  
T1 Framing  
Select Bit 1  
T1 Framing  
Select Bit 0  
Calculation Synchroniza- Synchroniza- Select Bit 2  
tion  
Candidate  
Only  
tion  
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
1
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7
Signaling Update on  
R/W  
Signaling Update on Super-frame Boundary:  
Super-frame Boundary  
This READ/WRITE bit-field controls the framer to update signal-  
ing data only on Super-frame boundaries.  
The user can insert signaling data to the framer through the  
TxSIG_n input pins or by writing into the Transmit Signaling Con-  
trol Registers (TSCR).  
When this bit is set to zero:  
The framer will update signaling data once it is received. That is,  
any value presents on the TxSIG_n pins or any value pro-  
grammed to the TSCR will be inserted into the outgoing data  
stream right away. Also, any changes on the TxSIG_n pins or the  
TSCR will be instantaneously reflected on the outgoing data  
stream.  
When this bit is set to one:  
The framer will only update signaling data on super-frame  
boundaries. Any changes on the TxSIG_n pins or the TSCR will  
be ignored until the next super-frame boundary is reached.  
6
CRC Diagnostics Select  
R/W  
CRC Diagnostics Select:  
This READ/WRITE bit-field allows the user to insert CRC errors  
into outgoing data stream. A transition from zero to one of this bit  
will prompt the framer to invert the value of one CRC bit.  
When this bit is set to zero:  
The framer will operate normally and there is no insertion of  
erroneous CRC bit.  
When this bit is set to one:  
One CRC error will be inserted into the outgoing data stream  
when this bit is transitioned from zero to one.  
NOTE: To send another CRC error, the framer has to reset this  
bit to zero and set it to one again.  
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OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
5
J1 CRC Calculation  
R/W  
J1 CRC Calculation:  
This READ/WRITE bit-field forces the framer to calculate CRC-6  
bits in J1 format.In J1 format, CRC-6 calculation is done based  
on the actual values of all payload bits as well as the framing  
bits. In DS1 format, CRC-6 calculation is done based on the pay-  
load bits only while assuming all the framing bits are one.  
When this bit is set to zero:  
The framer will perform CRC-6 calculation in DS1 format.  
When this bit is set to one:  
The framer will perform CRC-6 calculation in J1 format. This fea-  
ture permits the driver to comply with J1 standard.  
4
One Synchronization  
Candidate Only  
R/W  
One Synchronization Candidate Only:  
This READ/WRITE bit-field forces the framing search engine of  
the framer to declare synchronization while there is one and only  
one candidate left.  
3
Fast Synchronization  
T1 Framing Select  
R/W  
R/W  
Fast Synchronization:  
This READ/WRITE bit-field permits the framing search engine of  
the framer to declare synchronization earlier.  
2-0  
T1 Framing Select:  
These READ/WRITE bit-fields allow the user to select one of the  
five T1 framing formats supported by the framer. These framing  
formats include ESF, SLC 96, SF, N and T1DM mode.  
Framing  
Format  
Bit 2  
Bit 1  
Bit 0  
ESF  
0
1
1
1
1
X
0
0
1
1
X
0
1
0
1
SLC®96  
SF  
N
T1DM  
NOTE: Changing of framing format will automatically force the  
framer to RESYNC.  
83  
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XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
Framing Select Register (FSR) - E1 Mode (Indirect Address = 0xn0H, 0x07H)  
BIT 7  
BIT 6  
BIT 5  
BIT 4  
BIT3  
BIT 2  
BIT 1  
BIT 0  
Annex B  
Enable  
CRC  
CAS  
CAS  
CRC-4  
CRC-4  
FAS  
FAS  
Selection bit  
Diagnostics Selection bit 1 Selection bit 0 Selection bit 1 Selection bit 0 Alignment  
Select  
Frame Check  
Sequence  
Enable  
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
1
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7
Annex B Enable  
R/W  
Signaling Update on Super-frame Boundary:  
This READ/WRITE bit-field controls the framer to be compliant  
with ITU-T Recommendation G.706 Annex B for CRC-to-non-  
CRC internetworking detection.  
When this bit is set to zero:  
The framer will operate in normal condition. That is, ITU-T G.706  
Annex B is disabled.  
When this bit is set to one:  
The framer will enable support of ITU-T G.706 Annex B.  
6
CRC Diagnostics Select  
R/W  
CRC Diagnostics Select:  
This READ/WRITE bit-field allows the user to insert CRC errors  
into outgoing data stream. A transition from zero to one of this bit  
will prompt the framer to invert the value of one CRC bit.  
When this bit is set to zero:  
The framer will operate normally and there is no insertion of  
erroneous CRC bit.  
When this bit is set to one:  
One CRC error will be inserted into the outgoing data stream  
when this bit is transitioned from zero to one.NOTE:To send  
another CRC error, the framer has to reset this bit to zero and set  
it to one again.  
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OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
5-4  
CAS Selection bit  
R/W  
CAS Selection:  
These Read/Write bit fields allow the user to enable searching of  
CAS Multi-frame alignment and determine which algorithm of the  
two are used for locking the CAS Multi-frame alignment pattern.  
When these bits are set to 00:  
Searching of CAS Multi-frame alignment is disabled. The  
XRT84L38 framer will not search for CAS Multi-frame alignment  
and thus will not declare CAS Multi-frame synchronization. No  
Receive CAS Multi-frame Synchronization (RxCRCMsync_n)  
pulse will be generated by the framer.  
When these bits are set to 01:  
Searching of CAS Multi-frame alignment is enabled. The  
XRT84L38 will search for and declare CAS Multi-frame synchro-  
nization using Algorithm 1.  
When these bits are set to 10:  
Searching of CAS Multi-frame alignment is enabled. The  
XRT84L38 will search for and declare CAS Multi-frame synchro-  
nization using Algorithm 2 (G.732).  
When these bits are set to 11:  
Searching of CAS Multi-frame alignment is disabled. The  
XRT84L38 framer will not search for CAS Multi-frame alignment  
and thus will not declare CAS Multi-frame synchronization. No  
Receive CAS Multi-frame Synchronization (RxCRCMsync_n)  
pulse will be generated by the framer.  
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XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
3-2  
CRC-4 Selection bit  
R/W  
CRC-4 Selection:  
These Read/Write bit fields allow the user to enable searching of  
CRC-4 Multi-frame alignment and determine what criteria are  
used for locking the CRC-4 Multi-frame alignment pattern.  
When these bit s are set to 00:  
Searching of CRC-4 Multi-frame alignment is disabled. The  
XRT84L38 framer will not search for CRC-4 Multi-frame align-  
ment and thus will not declare CRC-4 Multi-frame synchroniza-  
tion. No Receive CRC-4 Multi-frame Synchronization  
(RxCRCMsync_n) pulse will be generated by the framer.  
When these bit s are set to 01:  
Searching of CRC-4 Multi-frame alignment is enabled. The  
XRT84L38 will search for and declare CRC-4 Multi-frame syn-  
chronization if:  
At least one valid CRC-4 Multi-frame alignment signal is  
observed within 8 ms.  
When these bit s are set to 10:  
Searching of CRC-4 Multi-frame alignment is enabled. The  
XRT84L38 will search for and declare CRC-4 Multi-frame syn-  
chronization if:  
At least two valid CRC-4 Multi-frame alignment signals are  
observed within 8 ms.  
The time separating two CRC-4 Multi-frame alignment signals is  
multiple of 2 ms.  
When these bit s are set to 11:  
Searching of CRC-4 Multi-frame alignment is enabled. The  
XRT84L38 will search for and declare CRC-4 Multi-frame syn-  
chronization if:  
At least three valid CRC-4 Multi-frame alignment signals are  
observed within 8 ms.  
The time separating two CRC-4 Multi-frame alignment signals is  
multiple of 2 ms.  
1
FAS Alignment Frame  
R/W  
FAS Alignment Frame Check Sequence Enable:  
Check Sequence Enable  
This READ/WRITE bit-field enables frame check sequence in  
FAS alignment process. The frame check sequence consists of  
verifying correct frame alignment for an additional two frames.  
When this bit is set to 0:  
The frame check sequence is disabled in FAS alignment pro-  
cess.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
The frame check sequence is enabled in FAS alignment process.  
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OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
0
FAS Selection bit  
R/W  
FAS Selection:  
This Read/Write bit field allows the user to determine which  
algorithm is used for searching FAS frame alignment pattern.  
When an FAS alignment pattern is found and locked, the  
XRT84L38 will generate Receive Synchronization (RxSync_n)  
pulse.  
When this bit is set to 0:  
Algorithm 1 is selected for searching FAS frame alignment pat-  
tern.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
Algorithm 2 is selected for searching FAS frame alignment pat-  
tern.  
Alarm Generation Register (AGR) - T1 Mode (Indirect Address = 0xn0H, 0x08H)  
BIT 7  
BIT 6  
BIT 5  
BIT 4  
BIT3  
BIT 2  
BIT 1  
BIT 0  
Reserved LossofFrame Yellow Alarm Yellow Alarm  
Alarm  
Indication  
Signal  
Alarm  
Indication  
Signal  
Alarm  
Indication  
Signal  
Alarm  
Indication  
Signal  
Declaration  
Enable  
Generation  
Select Bit 1  
Generation  
Select Bit 0  
Generation  
Select Bit 1  
Generation  
Select Bit 0  
Detection  
Select Bit 1  
Detection  
Select Bit 0  
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7
6
Reserved  
X
Loss of Frame  
R/W  
Loss of Frame Declaration Enable:  
Declaration Enable  
This READ/WRITE bit-field permits the framer to declare Red  
Alarm in case of Loss of Frame Alignment (LOF).  
When receiver module of the framer detects Loss of Frame  
Alignment in the incoming data stream, it will generate a Red  
Alarm. The framer will also generate an RxLOFs interrupt to  
notify the microprocessor that an LOF condition is occurred. A  
Yellow Alarm is then returned to the remote transmitter to report  
that the local receiver detects LOF.  
When this bit is set to zero:  
Red Alarm declaration is disabled.  
When this bit is set to one:  
Red Alarm declaration is enabled.  
87  
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XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
5-4  
Yellow Alarm Generation  
Select  
R/W  
Yellow Alarm Generation Select:  
These READ/WRITE bit-fields activate and de-activate transmis-  
sion of Yellow Alarm by the framer. In various framing formats,  
the pattern and duration of Yellow Alarm various. The following  
text describes how the framer transmits Yellow Alarm by setting  
these bit-fields to different values.  
SF Mode:  
When these bits are set to 00:  
Transmission of Yellow Alarm is disabled.  
When these bits are set to 01:  
The framer transmits Yellow Alarm by converting the second  
MSB of all outgoing twenty-four DS0 channel into zero.  
When these bits are set to 10:  
The framer transmits Yellow Alarm by sending the Super-frame  
Alignment Bit (Fs) of Frame 12 as one.  
When these bits are set to 11:  
The framer transmits Yellow Alarm by converting the second  
MSB of all outgoing twenty-four DS0 channel into zero.N Mode:  
When these bits are set to 00:  
Transmission of Yellow Alarm is disabled.  
When these bits are set to 01, 10 or 11:  
The framer transmits Yellow Alarm by converting the second  
MSB of all outgoing twenty-four DS0 channel into zero.  
ESF Mode:  
When the framer is in ESF mode, it transmits Yellow Alarm pat-  
tern of eight ones followed by eight zeros  
(1111_1111_0000_0000) through the 4Kbit/s data link bits.  
When the Yellow Alarm Generation Select bits are set to 00:  
Transmission of Yellow Alarm is disabled.  
When these bits are set to 01:  
The following scenario will happen:  
1. If Bit 0 of Yellow Alarm Generation Select forms a pulse  
width shorter or equal to the time required to transmit 255  
patterns on the 4Kbit/s data link, the alarm is transmitted for  
255 patterns.  
2. If Bit 0 of Yellow Alarm Generation Select forms a pulse  
width longer than the time required to transmit 255 patterns  
on the 4Kbit/s data link, the alarm continues until Bit 0 goes  
LOW.  
3. A second pulse on Bit 0 of Yellow Alarm Generation Select  
during an alarm transmission resets the pattern counter.  
The framer will send another 255 patterns of the Yellow  
Alarm.  
88  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
When these bits are set to 10:  
Bit 1 of the Yellow Alarm Generation Select forms a pulse that  
controls the duration of Yellow Alarm transmission. The alarm  
continues until Bit 1 goes LOW.  
When these bits are set to 11:  
The following scenario will happen:  
1. If Bit 0 of Yellow Alarm Generation Select forms a pulse  
width shorter or equal to the time required to transmit 255  
patterns on the 4Kbit/s data link, the alarm is transmitted for  
255 patterns.  
2. If Bit 0 of Yellow Alarm Generation Select forms a pulse  
width longer than the time required to transmit 255 patterns  
on the 4Kbit/s data link, the alarm continues until Bit 0 goes  
LOW.  
3. A second pulse on Bit 0 of Yellow Alarm Generation Select  
during an alarm transmission resets the pattern counter.  
The framer will send another 255 patterns of the Yellow  
Alarm.  
T1DM Mode:  
When these bits are set to 00:  
Transmission of Yellow Alarm is disabled.  
When these bits are set to 01, 10 or 11:  
The framer transmits Yellow Alarm by setting the Yellow Alarm bit  
(Y-bit) to zero.  
3-2  
Alarm Indication Signal  
Generation Select  
R/W  
Alarm Indication Signal Generation Select:  
These READ/WRITE bit-fields activate and de-activate transmis-  
sion of Alarm Indication Signal (AIS). There are two types of  
Alarm Indication Signals - framed and unframed. A unframed  
AIS signal is all-ones including all the framing bits. A framed AIS  
signal is all-ones except the framing bits.  
When these bits are set to 00:  
The framer will disable AIS alarm generation.  
When these bits are set to 01:  
The framer will transmit unframed AIS alarm.  
When these bits are set to 10:  
The framer will disable AIS alarm generation.  
When these bits are set to 11:  
The framer will transmit framed AIS Alarm.  
1-0  
Alarm Indication Signal  
Detection Select  
R/W  
Alarm Indication Signal Detection Select:  
These READ/WRITE bit-fields activate and de-activate Alarm  
Indication Signal Detection of the framer.  
When these bits are set to 00:  
The framer disables detection of AIS Alarm.  
When these bits are set to 01:  
The framer enables detection of unframed AIS Alarm.  
When these bits are set to 10:  
The framer disables detection of AIS Alarm.  
When these bits are set to 11:  
The framer enables detection of framed AIS Alarm.  
89  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
Alarm Generation Register (AGR) - E1 Mode (Indirect Address = 0xn0H, 0x08H)  
BIT 7  
BIT 6  
BIT 5  
BIT 4  
BIT3  
BIT 2  
BIT 1  
BIT 0  
AUXP Enable LossofFrame Yellow Alarm Yellow Alarm  
Alarm  
Indication  
Signal  
Alarm  
Indication  
Signal  
Alarm  
Indication  
Signal  
Alarm  
Indication  
Signal  
Declaration  
Enable  
Generation  
Select Bit 1  
Generation  
Select Bit 0  
Generation  
Select Bit 1  
Generation  
Select Bit 0  
Detection  
Select Bit 1  
Detection  
Select Bit 0  
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7
AUXP Enable  
R/W  
AUXP Enable:  
AUXP is an unframed 1010 pattern.  
When this bit is set to zero:  
AUXP generation is disabled.  
When this bit is set to one:  
AUXP generation is enabled.  
6
Loss of Frame  
Declaration Enable  
R/W  
Loss of Frame Declaration Enable:  
This READ/WRITE bit-field permits the framer to declare Red  
Alarm in case of Loss of Frame Alignment (LOF).  
When receiver module of the framer detects Loss of Frame  
Alignment in the incoming data stream, it will generate a Red  
Alarm. The framer will also generate an RxLOFs interrupt to  
notify the microprocessor that an LOF condition is occurred. A  
Yellow Alarm is then returned to the remote transmitter to report  
that the local receiver detects LOF.  
When this bit is set to zero:  
Red Alarm declaration is disabled.  
When this bit is set to one:  
Red Alarm declaration is enabled.  
90  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
5-4  
Yellow Alarm Generation  
Select  
R/W  
Yellow Alarm Generation Select:  
These READ/WRITE bit-fields allows the user to choose how the  
XRT84L38 would generate Yellow Alarm and CAS Multi-frame  
Yellow Alarm.  
When these bits are set to 00:  
Transmission of Yellow Alarm and CAS Multi-frame Yellow Alarm  
is disabled.  
When these bits are set to 01:  
The Yellow Alarm bit is transmitted by echoing the received FAS  
alignment pattern. If the correct FAS alignment is received, the  
Yellow Alarm bit is set to zero. If the FAS alignment pattern is  
missing or corrupted, the Yellow Alarm bit is set to one.  
The CAS Multi-frame Yellow Alarm bit is transmitted by echoing  
the received CAS Multi-frame alignment pattern (the four zeros  
pattern). If the correct CAS Multi-frame alignment is received,  
the CAS Multi-frame Yellow Alarm bit is set to zero. If the CAS  
Multi-frame alignment pattern is missing or corrupted, the CAS  
Multi-frame Yellow Alarm bit is set to one.  
When these bits are set to 10:  
The Yellow Alarm and CAS Multi-frame Yellow Alarms are trans-  
mitted as zero.  
When these bits are set to 11:  
The Yellow Alarm and CAS Multi-frame Yellow Alarms are trans-  
mitted as one.  
3-2  
Alarm Indication Signal  
Generation Select  
R/W  
Alarm Indication Signal Generation Select:  
These READ/WRITE bit-fields activate and de-activate transmis-  
sion of Alarm Indication Signal (AIS). There are two types of  
Alarm Indication Signals - framed and unframed. A unframed  
AIS signal is all-ones including all the framing bits. A framed AIS  
signal is all-ones except the framing bits.  
When these bits are set to 00:  
The framer will disable AIS alarm generation.  
When these bits are set to 01:  
The framer will transmit unframed AIS alarm.  
When these bits are set to 10:  
The framer will generate AIS16. Only time slot 16 is carrying the  
all ones pattern. The other time slots still carry framing and PCM  
data.  
When these bits are set to 11:  
The framer will transmit framed AIS Alarm.  
91  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
1-0  
Alarm Indication Signal  
Detection Select  
R/W  
Alarm Indication Signal Detection Select:  
These READ/WRITE bit-fields activate and de-activate Alarm  
Indication Signal Detection of the framer.  
When these bits are set to 00:  
The framer disables detection of AIS Alarm.  
When these bits are set to 01:  
The framer enables detection of unframed AIS Alarm.  
When these bits are set to 10:  
The framer enables detection of AIS16 Alarm.  
When these bits are set to 11:  
The framer enables detection of framed AIS Alarm.  
Synchronization Mux Register (SMR) - T1 Mode (Indirect Address = 0xn0H, 0x09H)  
BIT 7  
BIT 6  
BIT 5  
BIT 4  
BIT3  
BIT 2  
BIT 1  
BIT 0  
Reserved  
Transmit  
Multi-frame Super-frame  
Alignment  
Transmit  
Synchroniza-  
tion Signal  
Direction  
Reserved  
Reserved  
CRC-6  
Source  
Framing Bit  
Source  
Synchroniza-  
tion  
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7
6
Reserved  
R/W  
Transmit Multi-frame  
Alignment  
R/W  
Transmit Multi-frame Alignment:  
This READ/WRITE bit-field forces the framer to align the Trans-  
mit Multi-frame boundary with the back-plane Multi-frame Syn-  
chronization Pulse.  
When this bit is set to zero:  
The Transmit Multi-frame boundary is not aligned with the back-  
plane Multi-frame Synchronization Pulse.  
When this bit is set to one:  
The Transmit Multi-frame boundary is forced to align with the  
back-plane Multi-frame Synchronization Pulse.  
92  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
5
Transmit Super-frame  
Synchronization  
R/W  
Transmit Super-frame Synchronization:  
This READ/WRITE bit-field determines the transmit synchroni-  
zation input signal (TxSync) being either the Frame Synchroniza-  
tion signal or the Multi-frame Synchronization signal.  
When this bit is set to zero:  
The transmit synchronization input signal (TxSync) is the Frame  
Synchronization signal that indicates the frame boundary. In  
1.544Mbit/s basic mode, the Transmit Multi-frame Synchroniza-  
tion input signal (TxMSync) indicates the Multi-frame boundary.  
In other back-plane modes, the TxMSync input is an input trans-  
mit clock.  
When this bit is set to one:  
The transmit synchronization input signal (TxSync) is the Trans-  
mit Multi-frame Synchronization signal indicating the multi-frame  
boundary.  
4
Synchronization Signal  
Direction  
R/W  
Synchronization Signal Direction:  
This READ/WRITE bit-field determines the direction of transmit  
synchronization signal (TxSync_n) and the Transmit Multi-frame  
Synchronization signal (TxMSync_n). In H.100 interface mode,  
this READ/WRITE bit-field determines the location of the trans-  
mit synchronization pulse.  
When this bit is set to zero:  
The transmit synchronization signal is input if the Transmit Line  
Clock Source Select bits of Clock Select Register (CSR) equal to  
one. If the Transmit Line Clock Source Select bits of Clock Select  
Register (CSR) is not equal to one, the transmit synchronization  
signal is output.  
In H.100 interface mode, the transmit synchronization pulse  
occurs at the last and the first clock cycles of each frame.  
When this bit is set to one:  
The transmit synchronization signal is output if the Transmit Line  
Clock Source Select bits of Clock Select Register (CSR) equal to  
one. If the Transmit Line Clock Source Select bits of Clock Select  
Register (CSR) is not equal to one, the transmit synchronization  
signal is input.  
In H.100 interface mode, the transmit synchronization pulse  
occurs at the first two clock cycles of each frame.  
3-2  
1
Reserved  
R/W  
R/W  
CRC-6 Source  
CRC-6 Source:  
This READ/WRITE bit-field permits the user to determine where  
the CRC-6 bits should be inserted.  
When this bit is zero:  
The CRC-6 bits are generated and inserted by the framer inter-  
nally.  
When this bit is one:  
If the framer is operating in normal 1.544Mbit/s mode, the CRC-6  
bits are passed through from the Transmit Serial Data input  
(TxSer_n).  
93  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
0
Framing Bit Source  
R/W  
Framing Bit Source:  
This READ/WRITE bit-field permits the user to determine where  
the framing alignment bits should be inserted.  
When this bit is zero:  
The framing alignment bits are generated and inserted by the  
framer internally.  
When this bit is one:  
If the framer is operating in normal 1.544Mbit/s mode, the fram-  
ing alignment bits are passed through from the Transmit Serial  
Data input (TxSer_n).  
Synchronization Mux Register (SMR) - E1 Mode (Indirect Address = 0xn0H, 0x09H)  
BIT 7  
BIT 6  
BIT 5  
BIT 4  
BIT3  
BIT 2  
BIT 1  
BIT 0  
E bit Source E bit Source  
Reserved  
Synchroniza- Transmit Data Transmit Data  
CRC-4  
Source  
Framing Bit  
Source  
Select bit 1  
Select bit 0  
tion Signal  
Direction  
Link Source Link Source  
Select bit 1  
Select bit 0  
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7-6  
E bit Source Select  
R/W  
E Source Select:  
These READ/WRITE bit-fields permits the user to determine  
where the E bits should be inserted and what the E bits should  
be.  
When these bits are 00:  
The E bits are generated and inserted by the framer internally.  
When these bits are 01:  
The E bits are forced to be "0" and are inserted by the framer  
internally. When these bits are 10:The E bits are forced to be "1"  
and are inserted by the framer internally.  
When these bits are 11:  
Source of the E bits is HDLC controller of the framer. The E bits  
are used to carry data link messages.  
5
Reserved  
94  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
4
Synchronization Signal  
Direction  
R/W  
Synchronization Signal Direction:  
This READ/WRITE bit-field determines the direction of transmit  
synchronization signal (TxSync_n) and the Transmit Multi-frame  
Synchronization signal (TxMSync_n). In H.100 interface mode,  
this READ/WRITE bit-field determines the location of the trans-  
mit synchronization pulse.  
When this bit is set to zero:  
The transmit synchronization signal is input if the Transmit Line  
Clock Source Select bits of Clock Select Register (CSR) equal to  
one. That is, if the Transmit Serial Input Clock (TxSerClk_n) is  
configured as the source of the Transmit Line Clock.  
If the Transmit Line Clock Source Select bits of Clock Select  
Register (CSR) is not equal to one, the transmit synchronization  
signal is output.  
In H.100 interface mode, the transmit synchronization pulse  
occurs at the last and the first clock cycles of each frame.  
When this bit is set to one:  
The transmit synchronization signal is output if the Transmit Line  
Clock Source Select bits of Clock Select Register (CSR) equal to  
one. That is, if the Transmit Serial Input Clock (TxSerClk_n) is  
configured as the source of the Transmit Line Clock.  
If the Transmit Line Clock Source Select bits of Clock Select  
Register (CSR) is not equal to one, the transmit synchronization  
signal is input.  
In H.100 interface mode, the transmit synchronization pulse  
occurs at the first two clock cycles of each frame.  
3-2  
Transmit Data Link  
Source Select [1:0]  
R/W  
Transmit Data Link Source Select [1:0]:  
These READ/WRITE bit-fields permits the user to determine  
where the data link bits should be inserted from.  
When these bits are set to 00:  
The data link bits are inserted into the framer through the Trans-  
mit Serial Data input Interface via the TxSer_n pins.  
When these bits are set to 01:  
The data link bits are inserted into the framer through the Trans-  
mit HDLC Controller.  
When these bits are set to 10:  
The data link bits are inserted into the framer through the Trans-  
mit Overhead Input Interface via the TxOH_n pins.  
When these bits are set to 11:  
The data link bits are inserted into the framer through the Trans-  
mit Serial Data input Interface via the TxSer_n pins.  
95  
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XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
1
CRC-4 Source Select  
R/W  
CRC-4 Source Select:  
This READ/WRITE bit-field permits the user to determine where  
the CRC-4 bits should be inserted.  
When this bit is set to 0:  
The CRC-4 bits are generated and inserted by the framer inter-  
nally.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
If the framer is operating in normal 2.048Mbit/s mode, the CRC-4  
bits are generated by external equipment and passed through  
from the Transmit Serial Data Input Interface block via the  
TxSer_n pin.  
0
Framing Bit Source  
R/W  
Framing Bit Source:  
This READ/WRITE bit-field permits the user to determine where  
the framing alignment bits should be inserted.  
When this bit is set to 0:  
The framing alignment bits are generated and inserted by the  
framer internally.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
If the framer is operating in normal 2.048Mbit/s mode, the fram-  
ing alignment bits are passed through from the Transmit Serial  
Data Input Interface block via the TxSer_n pin.  
Transmit Signaling And Data Link Select Register (TSDLSR)- T1 Mode (Indirect Address = 0xn0H,  
0x0AH)  
BIT 7  
BIT 6  
BIT 5  
BIT 4  
BIT3  
BIT 2  
BIT 1  
BIT 0  
Reserved  
Reserved  
Transmit Data Transmit Data D/E Timeslot D/E Timeslot  
Data Link  
Data Link  
Link  
Link  
SourceSelect SourceSelect SourceSelect SourceSelect  
Bandwidth  
Select Bit 1  
Bandwidth  
Select Bit 0  
Bit 1  
Bit 0  
Bit 1  
Bit 0  
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7-6  
Reserved  
R/W  
96  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
5-4  
Transmit Data Link Band-  
width Select  
R/W  
Transmit Data Link Bandwidth Select:  
These READ/WRITE bit-fields determined the bandwidth of  
Facility Data Link channel of the framer when operating in ESF  
mode.  
When these bits are set to 00:  
The Facility Data Link is a 4KHz channel. All available FDL bits  
(first bit of every other frame) are used as data link bits.  
When these bits are set to 01:  
The Facility Data Link is a 2KHz channel. Only the odd FDL bits  
(first bit of frame 1, 5, 9…) are used as data link bits.  
When these bits are set to 10:  
The Facility Data Link is a 2KHz channel. Only the even FDL bits  
(first bit of frame 3, 7, 11…) are used as data link bits.  
3-2  
D/E Timeslot Source  
Select  
R/W  
D/E Timeslot Source Select:  
These READ/WRITE bit-fields permit the user to select data  
source of D or E channel (D/E Timeslot) for the ISDN Primary  
Rate Interface, if LAPDSEL[1:0] bits in TCCR is 10.  
NOTE: The LAPD Select (LAPDSEL) bits of the Transmit Chan-  
nel Control Register (TCCR) determine which one of the three  
LAPD channel are used for D/E timeslot. If LAPDSEL[1:0] = 10,  
the D/E Timeslot Source Select bits will determine the data  
source for D/E time slot.  
The ISDN Primary Rate Interface (ISDN I.431) can carry B chan-  
nel, D channel, E channel and H channel. B channel has a bit  
rate of 64Kbit/s and is equivalent to a DS0 channel in T1 used for  
payload transmission. D channel has a bit rate of 64Kbit/s and is  
used primarily for signaling transmission. E channel has a bit  
rate of 64Kbit/s and is used for signaling for circuit switching. It is  
used only with multiple-access configuration. H channel has bit  
rates of 384Kbit/s, 1536Kbit/s for T1 primary rate, and 1920Kbit/  
s for E1 primary rate.  
The signaling information presented on D or E channels are pro-  
vided by several sources. The user can provide the signaling  
information through the Transmit Serial Data via the TxSer_n  
pins. The user can also supply the signaling data by writing to  
the LAPD controller using microprocessor access. Finally, the  
user can provide the data through Fraction T1 input via the  
TxFrT1_n pins.  
When these bits are set to 00:  
The D or E channel data are inserted from the Transmit Serial  
Data input.  
When these bits are set to 01:  
The D or E channel data are inserted from the LAPD controllers.  
The user can read or write to the LAPD controller using micro-  
processor access.  
When these bits are set to 10:  
The D or E channel data are inserted from the Transmit Serial  
Data input.  
When these bits are set to 11:  
The D or E channel data are inserted from the Fractional T1  
input.  
97  
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XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
1-0  
Data Link Source Select  
R/W  
Data Link Source Select:  
These READ/WRITE bit-fields permit the user to select data  
source of the Facility Data Link bits.  
The user can insert Facility Data Link bits into the framer through  
the LAPD controller or SLCâ96 buffer. Both LAPD controller and  
SLCâ96 buffer can be programmed through microprocessor  
access. The user can also insert Facility Data Link bits through  
Transmit Serial Data directly via TxSer_n pins. Overhead inter-  
face of the framer can also be used to input Facility Data Link  
bits. Finally, the user can force these data link bits to one.  
When these bits are set to 00:  
The Facility Data Link bits are inserted into the framer through  
either the LAPD controller or the SLCâ96 buffer.  
When these bits are set to 01:  
The Facility Data Link bits are inserted into the framer through  
the Transmit Serial Data input.  
When these bits are set to 10:  
The Facility Data Link bits are inserted into the framer through  
the Overhead Interface via the TxOH_n pins.  
When these bits are set to 11:  
The Facility Data Link bits are forced to one by the framer.  
Transmit Signaling And Data Link Select Register (TSDLSR)- E1 Mode (Indirect Address = 0xn0H,  
0x0AH)  
BIT 7  
BIT 6  
BIT 5  
BIT 4  
BIT3  
BIT 2  
BIT 1  
BIT 0  
Transmit Sa8 Transmit Sa7 Transmit Sa6 Transmit Sa5 Transmit Sa4  
Data Link  
Data Link  
Data Link  
Data Link  
Select  
Data Link  
Select  
Data Link  
Select  
Data Link  
Select  
Data Link  
Select  
SourceSelect SourceSelect SourceSelect  
Bit 2  
R/W  
0
Bit 1  
R/W  
0
Bit 0  
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7
Transmit Sa8 Data Link  
Select  
R/W  
R/W  
Transmit Sa8 Data Link Select:  
When this bit is set to 0:  
Source of the Sa8 Nation bit is not from the data link interface.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
Source the Sa8 National bit from the data link interface.  
6
Transmit Sa7 Data Link  
Select  
Transmit Sa7 Data Link Select:  
When this bit is set to 0:  
Source of the Sa7 Nation bit is not from the data link interface.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
Source the Sa7 National bit from the data link interface.  
98  
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OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
5
Transmit Sa6 Data Link  
Select  
R/W  
Transmit Sa6 Data Link Select:  
When this bit is set to 0:  
Source of the Sa6 Nation bit is not from the data link interface.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
Source the Sa6 National bit from the data link interface.  
4
3
Transmit Sa5 Data Link  
Select  
R/W  
R/W  
R/W  
Transmit Sa5 Data Link Select:  
When this bit is set to 0:  
Source of the Sa5 Nation bit is not from the data link interface.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
Source the Sa5 National bit from the data link interface.  
Transmit Sa4 Data Link  
Select  
Transmit Sa4 Data Link Select:  
When this bit is set to 0:  
Source of the Sa4 Nation bit is not from the data link interface.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
Source the Sa4 National bit from the data link interface.  
2-0  
Transmit Signaling and  
Data Link Select  
Transmit Signaling and Data Link Select:  
These READ/WRITE bit-fields permit the user to select data  
source of the D or E channels, the National bits and the time slot  
16 octets.  
National Bits  
When these bits are set to 000:  
The data link interface is source of the Sa4 through Sa8 Nation  
bits, if the corresponding Transmit Sa Data Link Select bit(s) (Bit  
3 to Bit 7 of the Transmit Signaling and Data Link Select Regis-  
ter) are set to 1.  
When these bits are set to 001:  
The data link interface is source of the Sa4 through Sa8 Nation  
bits, if the corresponding Transmit Sa Data Link Select bit(s) (Bit  
3 to Bit 7 of the Transmit Signaling and Data Link Select Regis-  
ter) are set to 1.  
When these bits are set to 010:  
The Sa4 through Sa8 Nation bits are forced to 1.  
When these bits are set to 011:  
The Sa4 through Sa8 Nation bits are forced to 1.  
When these bits are set to 100:  
The data link interface is source of the Sa4 through Sa8 Nation  
bits, if the corresponding Transmit Sa Data Link Select bit(s) (Bit  
3 to Bit 7 of the Transmit Signaling and Data Link Select Regis-  
ter) are set to 1.  
When these bits are set to 101:  
Reserved.  
When these bits are set to 110:  
Reserved.  
When these bits are set to 111:  
Reserved.  
99  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
Timeslot 16 Octet  
When these bits are set to 000:  
Timeslot 16 octet is taken directly from the Transmit Signaling  
Control Register (TSCR).  
When these bits are set to 001:  
Timeslot 16 octet is taken directly from the Transmit Overhead  
Input Interface through the TxOH_n pin or per-channel signaling  
registers determined by Transmit Signaling Source bit of the  
Transmit Signaling Control Register (TSCR)of Timeslot 16.  
When these bits are set to 010:  
Timeslot 16 octet is taken directly from the Transmit Signaling  
Input Interface through the TxSig_n pin.  
When these bits are set to 011:  
Timeslot 16 octet is taken directly from the Transmit Overhead  
Input Interface through the TxOH_n pin or per-channel signaling  
registers determined by Transmit Signaling Source bit of the  
Transmit Signaling Control Register (TSCR) of Timeslot 16.  
When these bits are set to 100:  
Timeslot 16 octet is taken directly from the Transmit Signaling  
Control Register (TSCR).  
When these bits are set to 101:  
Reserved.  
When these bits are set to 110:  
Reserved.  
When these bits are set to 111:  
Reserved.  
D/E Time Slot  
When these bits are set to 000:  
D or E time slot data are taken through the Transmit Fractional  
Data Input Interface (TxFrTD_n pin).  
When these bits are set to 001:  
D or E time slot data are taken through the Transmit Fractional  
Data Input Interface (TxFrTD_n pin).  
When these bits are set to 010:  
D or E time slot data are taken through the Transmit Fractional  
Data Input Interface (TxFrTD_n pin).  
When these bits are set to 011:  
D or E time slot data are taken through the Transmit Fractional  
Data Input Interface (TxFrTD_n pin).  
When these bits are set to 100:  
D or E time slot data are taken through the Transmit Serial Sig-  
naling Input Interface (TxSig_n pin).  
When these bits are set to 101:  
Reserved.  
When these bits are set to 110:  
Reserved.  
When these bits are set to 111:  
Reserved.  
The following table summaries sources of National bits, Timeslot  
16 octet and D or E time slots.T  
100  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
National Bits  
(Sa4-Sa8)  
Timeslot 16  
Octet  
D or E  
Timeslot  
TxSIGDL [2:0]  
000  
001  
Data Link  
TSCR  
TxFrTD_n  
TxFrTD_n  
TxSig_n or  
TxOH  
Data Link  
TxSig_n or  
TxOH  
TxSig_n or  
010  
011  
None  
None  
TxFrTD_n  
TxFrTD_n  
TxOH  
100  
101  
110  
111  
Data Link  
Reserved  
Reserved  
Reserved  
TSCR  
TxSig_n  
Reserved  
Reserved  
Reserved  
Reserved  
Reserved  
Reserved  
Framing Control Register (FCR) - T1 Mode (Indirect Address = 0xn0H, 0x0BH)  
BIT 7  
BIT 6  
BIT 5  
BIT 4  
BIT3  
BIT 2  
BIT 1  
BIT 0  
Force  
Synchroniza- Framing Error Framing Error Framing Error Framing Bit  
Framing Bit  
Range  
Framing Bit  
Range  
Re-synchroni- tion with CRC  
Tolerance  
Bit 2  
Tolerance  
Bit 1  
Tolerance  
Bit 0  
Range  
Bit 2  
zation  
R/W  
0
Verification  
Bit 1  
Bit 0  
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7
Force Re-synchronization  
R/W  
Force Re-synchronization:  
This READ/WRITE bit-field forces the re-synchronization pro-  
cess of the framer.  
When this bit is set to one:  
The framer started the re-synchronization process. After syn-  
chronization is achieved, the bit is automatically cleared.  
6
Synchronization with  
CRC Verification  
R/W  
Synchronization with CRC Verification:  
This READ/WRITE bit-field forces the framer to obtain synchro-  
nization with CRC verification.  
When this bit is set to zero:  
The framer obtains synchronization without CRC match test.  
When this bit is set to one:  
CRC match test is included as part of the synchronization pro-  
cess.  
101  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
5-3  
Framing Error Tolerance  
R/W  
Framing Error Tolerance:  
These READ/WRITE bit-fields together with the Range bits form  
the criteria for Loss of Frame Alignment.  
In SF mode, a Loss of Frame Alignment is typically declared if  
two out of four Terminal Framing bits (Ft) or Signaling Framing  
bits (Fs) are incorrect. Therefore, the Tolerance bits are normally  
set to two and the Range bits are normally set to four.  
In ESF mode, a Loss of Frame Alignment is typically declared if  
two out of four Framing Pattern Sequence bits (FPS) are incor-  
rect. Therefore, the Tolerance bits are normally set to two and  
the Range bits are normally set to four.  
In N mode, a Loss of Frame Alignment is typically declared if two  
out of four Terminal Framing bits (Ft) are incorrect. Therefore, the  
Tolerance bits are normally set to two and the Range bits are  
normally set to four.  
In SLC 96 mode, a Loss of Frame Alignment is typically  
declared if two out of four Terminal Framing bits (Ft) are incor-  
rect. Therefore, the Tolerance bits are normally set to two and  
the Range bits are normally set to four.  
In T1DM mode, a Loss of Frame Alignment is typically declared  
if TOLR out of RANG bits are incorrect. Therefore, the Tolerance  
bits are normally set to two and the Range bits are normally set  
to four.  
2-0  
Framing Bit Range  
R/W  
Framing Bit Range:  
These READ/WRITE bit-fields together with the Tolerance bits  
form the criteria for Loss of Frame Alignment.  
In SF mode, a Loss of Frame Alignment is typically declared if  
two out of four Terminal Framing bits (Ft) or Signaling Framing  
bits (Fs) are incorrect. Therefore, the Tolerance bits are normally  
set to two and the Range bits are normally set to four.  
In ESF mode, a Loss of Frame Alignment is typically declared if  
two out of four Framing Pattern Sequence bits (FPS) are incor-  
rect. Therefore, the Tolerance bits are normally set to two and  
the Range bits are normally set to four.  
In N mode, a Loss of Frame Alignment is typically declared if two  
out of four Terminal Framing bits (Ft) are incorrect. Therefore, the  
Tolerance bits are normally set to two and the Range bits are  
normally set to four.  
In SLC 96 mode, a Loss of Frame Alignment is typically  
declared if two out of four Terminal Framing bits (Ft) are incor-  
rect. Therefore, the Tolerance bits are normally set to two and  
the Range bits are normally set to four.  
In T1DM mode, a Loss of Frame Alignment is typically declared  
if TOLR out of RANG bits are incorrect. Therefore, the Tolerance  
bits are normally set to two and the Range bits are normally set  
to four.  
102  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
Framing Control Register (FCR) - E1 Mode (Indirect Address = 0xn0H, 0x0BH)  
BIT 7  
BIT 6  
BIT 5  
BIT 4  
BIT3  
BIT 2  
BIT 1  
BIT 0  
Force Re-syn- CAS Re-syn- CAS Re-syn- CRC Re-syn- CRC Re-syn- FAS Re-syn- FAS Re-syn- FAS Re-syn-  
chronization chronization chronization chronization chronization chronization chronization chronization  
Criteria Bit 1 Criteria Bit 0 Criteria Bit 1 Criteria Bit 0 Criteria Bit 2 Criteria Bit 1 Criteria Bit 0  
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7
Force Re-synchronization  
R/W  
Force Re-synchronization:  
This READ/WRITE bit-field forces the re-synchronization pro-  
cess of the framer.  
When this bit is set to one:  
The framer started the re-synchronization process. After syn-  
chronization is achieved, the bit is automatically cleared.  
6 - 5  
CAS Re-synchronization  
Criteria  
R/W  
CAS Re-synchronization Criteria:  
These READ/WRITE bit-field determine the criteria of Loss of  
CAS Multi-frame Synchronization.  
When these bits are set to 00:  
Two consecutive CAS Multi-frame Alignment Signal errors in the  
incoming frame will cause the declaration of Loss of CAS Multi-  
frame Synchronization.  
When these bits are set to 01:  
Three consecutive CAS Multi-frame Alignment Signal errors in  
the incoming frame will cause the declaration of Loss of CAS  
Multi-frame Synchronization.  
When these bits are set to 10:  
Four consecutive CAS Multi-frame Alignment Signal errors in the  
incoming frame will cause the declaration of Loss of CAS Multi-  
frame Synchronization.  
When these bits are set to 11:  
Eight consecutive CAS Multi-frame Alignment Signal errors in  
the incoming frame will cause the declaration of Loss of CAS  
Multi-frame Synchronization.  
103  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
4 - 3  
CRC Re-synchronization  
Criteria  
R/W  
CRC Re-synchronization Criteria:  
These READ/WRITE bit-field determine the criteria of Loss of  
CRC Multi-frame Synchronization.  
When these bits are set to 00:  
If four consecutive CRC Multi-frame Alignment Signal errors in  
the incoming frames are detected, the framer will declare Loss of  
CRC Multi-frame Synchronization.  
When these bits are set to 01:  
If two consecutive CRC Multi-frame Alignment Signal errors in  
the incoming frames are detected, the framer will declare Loss of  
CRC Multi-frame Synchronization.  
When these bits are set to 10:  
If eight consecutive CRC Multi-frame Alignment Signal errors in  
the incoming frames are detected, the framer will declare Loss of  
CRC Multi-frame Synchronization.  
When these bits are set to 11:  
If 915 or more consecutive CRC Multi-frame Alignment Signal  
errors in the incoming frames are detected in one second, the  
framer will declare Loss of CRC Multi-frame Synchronization.  
104  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
2 - 0  
FAS Re-synchronization  
Criteria  
R/W  
FAS Re-synchronization Criteria:  
These READ/WRITE bit-field determine the criteria of Loss of  
FAS Multi-frame Synchronization.  
When these bits are set to 000:  
It is an illegal entry. The user should not set these bits to 000.  
When these bits are set to 001:  
If one FAS Multi-frame Alignment Signal error in the incoming  
frame is detected, the framer will declare Loss of FAS Multi-  
frame Synchronization.  
When these bits are set to 010:  
If two consecutive FAS Multi-frame Alignment Signal errors in  
the incoming frames are detected, the framer will declare Loss of  
FAS Multi-frame Synchronization.  
When these bits are set to 011:  
If three consecutive FAS Multi-frame Alignment Signal errors in  
the incoming frames are detected, the framer will declare Loss of  
FAS Multi-frame Synchronization.  
When these bits are set to 100:  
If four consecutive FAS Multi-frame Alignment Signal errors in  
the incoming frames are detected, the framer will declare Loss of  
FAS Multi-frame Synchronization.  
When these bits are set to 101:  
If five consecutive FAS Multi-frame Alignment Signal errors in the  
incoming frames are detected, the framer will declare Loss of  
FAS Multi-frame Synchronization.  
When these bits are set to 110:  
If six consecutive FAS Multi-frame Alignment Signal errors in the  
incoming frames are detected, the framer will declare Loss of  
FAS Multi-frame Synchronization.  
When these bits are set to 111:  
If seven consecutive FAS Multi-frame Alignment Signal errors in  
the incoming frames are detected, the framer will declare Loss of  
FAS Multi-frame Synchronization.  
Receive Data Link Select Register (RDLSR) - T1 Mode (Indirect Address = 0xn0H, 0x0CH)  
BIT 7  
BIT 6  
BIT 5  
BIT 4  
BIT3  
BIT 2  
BIT 1  
BIT 0  
Reserved  
Receive Data  
Link Band-  
width Select  
Bits [1:0]  
D/E Timeslot Destination  
Select Bits [1:0]  
Data Link Destination Select  
Bits [1:0]  
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
105  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
X
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7-6  
5-4  
Reserved  
Receive Data Link Band-  
width Select  
R/W  
Receive Data Link Bandwidth Select:  
These READ/WRITE bit-fields determined the bandwidth of  
Facility Data Link channel of the framer when operating in ESF  
mode.  
When these bits are set to 00:  
The Facility Data Link is a 4KHz channel. All available FDL bits  
(first bit of every other frame) are used as data link bits.  
When these bits are set to 01:  
The Facility Data Link is a 2KHz channel. Only the odd FDL bits  
(first bit of frame 1, 5, 9…) are used as data link bits.  
When these bits are set to 10:  
The Facility Data Link is a 2KHz channel. Only the even FDL bits  
(first bit of frame 3, 7, 11…) are used as data link bits.  
106  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
3-2  
D/E Timeslot Source  
Select  
R/W  
D/E Timeslot Source Select:  
These READ/WRITE bit-fields permit the user to select data  
destination of D or E channel (D/E Timeslot) for the ISDN Pri-  
mary Rate Interface.  
The ISDN Primary Rate Interface (ISDN I.431) can carry B chan-  
nel, D channel, E channel and H channel. B channel has a bit  
rate of 64Kbit/s and is equivalent to a DS0 channel in T1 used for  
payload transmission. D channel has a bit rate of 64Kbit/s and is  
used primarily for signaling transmission. E channel has a bit  
rate of 64Kbit/s and is used for signaling for circuit switching. It is  
used only with multiple-access configuration. H channel has bit  
rates of 384Kbit/s, 1536Kbit/s for T1 primary rate, and 1920Kbit/  
s for E1 primary rate.  
The signaling information presented on D or E channels can be  
directed to several destinations. The user can send the signaling  
information to the Receive Serial Data via the RxSer_n pins. The  
user can also direct the signaling data to the Receive LAPD con-  
troller. The signaling information can be extracted from the  
Receive LAPD controller using microprocessor access. Finally,  
the user can send the signaling information to Fraction T1 output  
via the RxFrT1_n pins.  
When these bits are set to 00:  
The data link bits extracted form the D or E channel of incoming  
DS1 frame are inserted into the Receive Serial Data Output  
Interface via the RxSer_n pins.  
When these bits are set to 01:  
The data link bits extracted form the D or E channel of incoming  
DS1 frame are inserted into the Receive HDLC Controller. The  
user can read the Receive LAPD controller using microproces-  
sor access.  
When these bits are set to 10:  
The data link bits extracted form the D or E channel of incoming  
DS1 frame are inserted into the Receive Fractional T1 Output  
Interface via the RxFrT1_n pins.  
When these bits are set to 11:  
The data link bits extracted form the D or E channel of incoming  
DS1 frame are inserted into the Receive Serial Data Output  
Interface via the RxSer_n pins.  
107  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
1-0  
Data Link Source Select  
R/W  
Data Link Source Select:  
These READ/WRITE bit-fields permit the user to select data  
destination of the Facility Data Link bits.  
The user can extract Facility Data Link bits of the incoming data  
to the LAPD controller or SLCâ96 buffer. Both LAPD controller  
and SLCâ96 buffer can be read through microprocessor access.  
The user can also direct received Facility Data Link bits to  
Receive Serial Data via RxSer_n pins. Overhead interface of the  
framer can also be used to output Facility Data Link bits. Finally,  
the user can force these data link bits to one.  
When these bits are set to 00:  
The Facility Data Link bits of the incoming data stream are  
extracted to either the LAPD controller or the SLCâ96 buffer. The  
Facility Data Link bits are also extracted into the Receive Serial  
Data via the RxSer pin.  
When these bits are set to 01:  
The Facility Data Link bits of the incoming data stream are sent  
to the Receive Serial Data output only.  
When these bits are set to 10:  
The Facility Data Link bits of the incoming data stream are  
directed to the Overhead Interface via the RxOH_n pins. The  
Facility Data Link bits are also extracted into the Receive Serial  
Data via the RxSer pin.  
When these bits are set to 11:  
The Facility Data Link bits of the incoming data stream are forced  
to one by the framer and are outputted to the Receive Serial  
Data output.  
Receive Data Link Select Register (RDLSR) - E1 Mode(Indirect Address = 0xn0H, 0x0CH)  
BIT 7  
BIT 6  
BIT 5  
BIT 4  
BIT3  
BIT 2  
BIT 1  
BIT 0  
Receive Sa8 Receive Sa8 Receive Sa8 Receive Sa8 Receive Sa8 Receive Signaling and Data Link Select Bits  
Data Link  
Select  
Data Link  
Select  
Data Link  
Select  
Data Link  
Select  
Data Link  
Select  
[2:0]  
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7
Receive Sa8 Data Link  
Select  
R/W  
Receive Sa8 Data Link Select:  
This READ/WRITE bit-field permit the user to select data desti-  
nation of the Sa8 National bit.  
When this bit is set to 0:  
Destination of the Sa8 National bit is not the data link interface.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
Destination of the Sa8 National bit is the data link interface.  
108  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
6
Receive Sa7 Data Link  
Select  
R/W  
Receive Sa7 Data Link Select:  
This READ/WRITE bit-field permit the user to select data desti-  
nation of the Sa7 National bit.  
When this bit is set to 0:  
Destination of the Sa7 National bit is not the data link interface.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
Destination of the Sa7 National bit is the data link interface.  
5
4
3
Receive Sa6 Data Link  
Select  
R/W  
R/W  
R/W  
Receive Sa6 Data Link Select:  
This READ/WRITE bit-field permit the user to select data desti-  
nation of the Sa6 National bit.  
When this bit is set to 0:  
Destination of the Sa6 National bit is not the data link interface.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
Destination of the Sa6 National bit is the data link interface.  
Receive Sa5 Data Link  
Select  
Receive Sa5 Data Link Select:  
This READ/WRITE bit-field permit the user to select data desti-  
nation of the Sa5 National bit.  
When this bit is set to 0:  
Destination of the Sa5 National bit is not the data link interface.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
Destination of the Sa5 National bit is the data link interface.  
Receive Sa4 Data Link  
Select  
Receive Sa4 Data Link Select:  
This READ/WRITE bit-field permit the user to select data desti-  
nation of the Sa4 National bit.  
When this bit is set to 0:  
Destination of the Sa4 National bit is not the data link interface.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
Destination of the Sa4 National bit is the data link interface.  
109  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
2-0  
Receive Signaling and  
Data Link Select  
R/W  
Receive Signaling and Data Link Select:  
These READ/WRITE bit-fields permit the user to select data  
destination of the National bits, the timeslot 16 octet as well as  
the D or E time slot.  
National Bits  
When these bits are set to 000:  
The data link interface is destination of the Sa4 through Sa8  
Nation bits, if the corresponding Receive Sa Data Link Select  
bit(s) (Bit 3 to Bit 7 of the Receive Signaling and Data Link Select  
Register) are set to 1.  
When these bits are set to 001:  
The data link interface is destination of the Sa4 through Sa8  
Nation bits, if the corresponding Receive Sa Data Link Select  
bit(s) (Bit 3 to Bit 7 of the Receive Signaling and Data Link Select  
Register) are set to 1.  
When these bits are set to 010:  
The Sa4 through Sa8 Nation bits are forced to 1.When these bits  
are set to 011:The Sa4 through Sa8 Nation bits are forced to 1.  
When these bits are set to 100:  
The data link interface is destination of the Sa4 through Sa8  
Nation bits, if the corresponding Receive Sa Data Link Select  
bit(s) (Bit 3 to Bit 7 of the Receive Signaling and Data Link Select  
Register) are set to 1.  
When these bits are set to 101:  
Reserved.  
When these bits are set to 110:  
Reserved.  
When these bits are set to 111:  
Reserved.  
Timeslot 16 Octet  
When these bits are set to 000:  
Timeslot 16 octet is taken directly from the PCM data which in  
term determines by the Receive Channel Control Register  
(RCCR).  
When these bits are set to 001:  
Timeslot 16 octet is output by the Receive Overhead Input Inter-  
face through the RxOH_n pin or by the Receive Signaling Serial  
Interface through the RxSig_n pin. The Receive Signaling Regis-  
ter Array (RSRA) of each timeslot stores its correspondent  
Timeslot 16 octet as well.  
When these bits are set to 010:  
Timeslot 16 octet is output by the Receive Overhead Input Inter-  
face through the RxOH_n pin or by the Receive Signaling Serial  
Interface through the RxSig_n pin. The Receive Signaling Regis-  
ter Array (RSRA) of each timeslot stores its correspondent  
Timeslot 16 octet as well.  
When these bits are set to 011:  
Timeslot 16 octet is output by the Receive Overhead Input Inter-  
face through the RxOH_n pin or by the Receive Signaling Serial  
Interface through the RxSig_n pin. The Receive Signaling Regis-  
ter Array (RSRA) of each timeslot stores its correspondent  
Timeslot 16 octet as well.  
110  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
When these bits are set to 100:  
Timeslot 16 octet is taken directly from the PCM data which in  
term determines by the Receive Channel Control Register  
(RCCR).  
When these bits are set to 101:  
Reserved.  
When these bits are set to 110:  
Reserved.  
When these bits are set to 111:  
Reserved.D/E Time Slot  
When these bits are set to 000:  
D or E time slot data are output through the Receive Fractional  
Data Input Interface (RxFrTD_n pin).  
When these bits are set to 001:  
D or E time slot data are output through the Receive Fractional  
Data Input Interface (RxFrTD_n pin).  
When these bits are set to 010:  
D or E time slot data are output through the Receive Fractional  
Data Input Interface (RxFrTD_n pin).  
When these bits are set to 011:  
D or E time slot data are output through the Receive Fractional  
Data Input Interface (RxFrTD_n pin).  
When these bits are set to 100:  
D or E time slot data are output through the Receive Serial Sig-  
naling Input Interface (RxSig_n pin).  
When these bits are set to 101:  
Reserved.  
When these bits are set to 110:  
Reserved.  
When these bits are set to 111:  
Reserved.  
The following table summaries destinations of National bits,  
Timeslot 16 octet and D or E time slots.  
National Bits  
(Sa4-Sa8)  
Timeslot 16  
Octet  
D or E  
Timeslot  
RxSIGDL[2:0]  
000  
001  
Data Link  
Data Link  
RCCR  
RxFrTD_n  
RxFrTD_n  
RxSig_n or  
RxOH  
RxSig_n or  
RxOH  
RxSig_n or  
RxOH  
010  
011  
None  
None  
RxFrTD_n  
RxFrTD_n  
100  
101  
110  
111  
Data Link  
Reserved  
Reserved  
Reserved  
RCCR  
RxSig_n  
Reserved  
Reserved  
Reserved  
Reserved  
Reserved  
Reserved  
111  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
Signaling Change Register 0 (SCR0) (Indirect Address = 0xn0H, 0x0DH)  
BIT 7  
BIT 6  
BIT 5  
BIT 4  
BIT3  
BIT 2  
BIT 1  
BIT 0  
Signaling  
Signaling  
Signaling  
Signaling  
Signaling  
Signaling  
Signaling  
Signaling  
Change Bit of Change Bit of Change Bit of Change Bit of Change Bit of Change Bit of Change Bit of Change Bit of  
Channel 0  
Channel 1  
Channel 2  
Channel 3  
Channel 4  
Channel 5  
Channel 6  
Channel 7  
RUR  
0
RUR  
0
RUR  
0
RUR  
0
RUR  
0
RUR  
0
RUR  
0
RUR  
0
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7-0  
Signaling Change  
Indication  
RUR  
Signaling Change Indication:  
These Reset Upon Read bit-fields indicate whether the signaling  
data associated with Channel 0-7 has changed since the last  
read of this register.  
When these bits are zero:  
Signaling data associated with certain channel has not changed  
since last read of the register.  
When these bits are one:  
Signaling data associated with certain channel has changed  
since last read of the register.  
Signaling Change Register 1 (SCR0) (Indirect Address = 0xn0H, 0x0EH)  
BIT 7  
BIT 6  
BIT 5  
BIT 4  
BIT3  
BIT 2  
BIT 1  
BIT 0  
Signaling  
Signaling  
Signaling  
Signaling  
Signaling  
Signaling  
Signaling  
Signaling  
Change Bit of Change Bit of Change Bit of Change Bit of Change Bit of Change Bit of Change Bit of Change Bit of  
Channel 8  
Channel 9  
Channel 10  
Channel 11  
Channel 12  
Channel 13  
Channel 14  
Channel 15  
RUR  
0
RUR  
0
RUR  
0
RUR  
0
RUR  
0
RUR  
0
RUR  
0
RUR  
0
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7-0  
Signaling Change  
Indication  
RUR  
Signaling Change Indication:  
These Reset Upon Read bit-fields indicate whether the signaling  
data associated with Channel 8-15 has changed since the last  
read of this register.  
When these bits are zero:  
Signaling data associated with certain channel has not changed  
since last read of the register.  
When these bits are one:  
Signaling data associated with certain channel has changed  
since last read of the register.  
112  
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REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
Signaling Change Register 2 (SCR2) (Indirect Address = 0xn0H, 0x0FH)  
BIT 7  
BIT 6  
BIT 5  
BIT 4  
BIT3  
BIT 2  
BIT 1  
Signaling  
BIT 0  
Signaling  
Signaling  
Signaling  
Signaling  
Signaling  
Signaling  
Signaling  
Change Bit of Change Bit of Change Bit of Change Bit of Change Bit of Change Bit of Change Bit of Change Bit of  
Channel 16  
Channel 17  
Channel 18  
Channel 19  
Channel 20  
Channel 21  
Channel 22  
Channel 23  
RUR  
0
RUR  
0
RUR  
0
RUR  
0
RUR  
0
RUR  
0
RUR  
0
RUR  
0
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7-0  
Signaling Change  
Indication  
RUR  
Signaling Change Indication:  
These Reset Upon Read bit-fields indicate whether the signaling  
data associated with Channel 16-23 has changed since the last  
read of this register.  
When these bits are zero:  
Signaling data associated with certain channel has not changed  
since last read of the register.  
When these bits are one:  
Signaling data associated with certain channel has changed  
since last read of the register.  
Signaling Change Register 3 (SCR3) - E1 Mode Only (Indirect Address = 0xn0H, 0x10H)  
BIT 7  
BIT 6  
BIT 5  
BIT 4  
BIT3  
BIT 2  
BIT 1  
BIT 0  
Signaling  
Signaling  
Signaling  
Signaling  
Signaling  
Signaling  
Signaling  
Signaling  
Change Bit of Change Bit of Change Bit of Change Bit of Change Bit of Change Bit of Change Bit of Change Bit of  
Channel 24  
Channel 25  
Channel 26  
Channel 27  
Channel 28  
Channel 29  
Channel 30  
Channel 31  
RUR  
0
RUR  
0
RUR  
0
RUR  
0
RUR  
0
RUR  
0
RUR  
0
RUR  
0
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7-0  
Signaling Change  
Indication  
RUR  
Signaling Change Indication:  
These Reset Upon Read bit-fields indicate whether the signaling  
data associated with Channel 24-31 has changed since the last  
read of this register.  
When these bits are zero:  
Signaling data associated with certain channel has not changed  
since last read of the register.  
When these bits are one:  
Signaling data associated with certain channel has changed  
since last read of the register.  
113  
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REV.1.0.0  
Receive National Bits Register (RNBR) - E1 Mode Only (Indirect Address = 0xn0H, 0x11H)  
BIT 7  
BIT 6  
BIT 5  
BIT 4  
BIT3  
BIT 2  
BIT 1  
BIT 0  
International International  
Remote  
National Bit  
Sa4  
National Bit  
Sa3  
National Bit  
Sa2  
National Bit  
Sa1  
National Bit  
Sa0  
Bit in FAS  
Frame  
Bit in Non- Alarm Indica-  
FAS Frame  
tion Bit  
R/O  
0
R/O  
0
R/O  
0
R/O  
0
R/O  
0
R/O  
0
R/O  
0
R/O  
0
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7
International Bit in FAS  
Frame  
R/O  
R/O  
R/O  
International Bit in FAS Frame:  
This READ-only bit-field corresponds to the value contained in  
the International Bit of received FAS Frame.  
6
5
International Bit in non-  
FAS Frame  
International Bit in non-FAS Frame:  
This READ-only bit-field corresponds to the value contained in  
the International Bit of received non-FAS Frame.  
Remote Alarm Indication  
Bit  
Remote Alarm Indication Bit:  
This READ-only bit-field corresponds to the value contained in  
the Remote Alarm Indication (frame Yellow Alarm) bit position of  
the received non-FAS Frame.  
4
3
2
1
0
National Bit Sa4  
National Bit Sa5  
National Bit Sa6  
National Bit Sa7  
National Bit Sa8  
R/O  
R/O  
R/O  
R/O  
R/O  
National Bit Sa4:  
This READ-only bit-field corresponds to the value contained in  
the National bit Sa4 position of the received non-FAS frame.  
National Bit Sa5:  
This READ-only bit-field corresponds to the value contained in  
the National bit Sa4 position of the received non-FAS frame.  
National Bit Sa6:  
This READ-only bit-field corresponds to the value contained in  
the National bit Sa4 position of the received non-FAS frame.  
National Bit Sa7:  
This READ-only bit-field corresponds to the value contained in  
the National bit Sa4 position of the received non-FAS frame.  
National Bit Sa8:  
This READ-only bit-field corresponds to the value contained in  
the National bit Sa4 position of the received non-FAS frame.  
114  
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áç  
Receive Extra Bits Register (REBR) - E1 Mode Only (Indirect Address = 0xn0H, 0x12H)  
BIT 7  
BIT 6  
BIT 5  
BIT 4  
BIT3  
BIT 2  
BIT 1  
BIT 0  
Reserved  
Extra Bit 1  
Far-End  
Remote  
Extra Bit 2  
Extra Bit 3  
Alarm Indica-  
tion Bit  
R/O  
0
R/O  
0
R/O  
0
R/O  
0
R/O  
0
R/O  
0
R/O  
0
R/O  
0
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7 - 4  
3
Reserved  
Extra Bit 1  
R/O  
R/O  
Extra Bit 1:  
This READ-only bit-field corresponds to the value contained in  
the Extra Bit 1 position (bit 5 in timeslot 16 of Frame 0 of the CAS  
multi-frame) of the received E1 data.  
2
Far-End Remote Alarm  
Indication Bit  
R/O  
Far-End Remote Alarm Indication Bit:  
This READ-only bit-field corresponds to the value contained in  
the Far-End Remote Alarm Indication (CAS Multi-frame Yellow  
Alarm) bit position (bit 6 in timeslot 16 of Frame 0 of the CAS  
multi-frame) of the received non-FAS Frame.  
1
0
Extra Bit 2  
Extra Bit 3  
R/O  
R/O  
Extra Bit 2:  
This READ-only bit-field corresponds to the value contained in  
the Extra Bit 2 position (bit 7 in timeslot 16 of Frame 0 of the CAS  
multi-frame) of the received E1 data.  
Extra Bit 3:  
This READ-only bit-field corresponds to the value contained in  
the Extra Bit 3 position (bit 8 in timeslot 16 of Frame 0 of the CAS  
multi-frame) of the received E1 data.  
Data Link Control Register (DLCR) (Indirect Address = 0xn0H, 0x13H)  
BIT 7  
BIT 6  
BIT 5  
BIT 4  
BIT3  
BIT 2  
BIT 1  
BIT 0  
SLCâ96  
Enable  
MOS ABORT Receive FCS  
Automatic  
Receive  
LAPD  
Transmit  
ABORT  
Sequence  
Transmit  
IDLE/FLAG  
Sequence Message with  
FCS  
Transmit  
LAPD  
MOS or BOS  
Select  
Enable  
Verification  
Enable  
Message  
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
115  
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OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7
R/W  
SLC 96 Enable  
SLC 96 Enable:  
This READ/WRITE bit-field permits the user to enable SLC 96  
data link transmission in SLC 96 framing mode. In ESF framing  
mode, this READ/WRITE bit-field allows Facility Data Link of the  
framer to transmit and receive SLC 96-like message.  
When this bit is set to zero:  
In SLC 96 framing mode, the SLC 96 data link transmission is  
disabled. The framer transmits Terminal Framing bits as in SF  
framing mode. The Signaling Framing bits are forced to ones.  
In ESF framing mode, Facility Data Link of the framer is config-  
ured to transmit and receive regular data link message.  
When this bit is set to one:  
In SLC 96 framing mode, the SLC 96 data link transmission is  
enabled. The framer transmits Terminal Framing bits as in SF  
framing mode. The Signaling Framing bits are transmitted and  
received in SLC 96 data link format.  
In ESF framing mode, Facility Data Link of the framer is config-  
ured to transmit and receive SLC 96-like message.  
6
MOS ABORT Enable  
R/W  
MOS ABORT Enable:  
This READ/WRITE bit-field enables and disables the Transmit  
LAPD Controller of the framer to automatically insert an ABORT  
sequence anytime it transitions from the Message Oriented Sig-  
naling (MOS) mode to the Bit Oriented Signaling (BOS) mode.  
When this bit is set to zero:  
The Transmit LAPD Controller inserts an MOS ABORT  
sequence to the data link message when the framer transitions  
from MOS to BOS.  
When this bit is set to one:  
The Transmit LAPD Controller does not insert an MOS ABORT  
sequence to the data link message when the framer transitions  
from MOS to BOS.  
5
Receive FCS Verification  
Enable  
R/W  
Receive FCS Verification Enable:  
This READ/WRITE bit-field enables and disables the Receive  
LAPD Controller of the framer to compute and verify the Frame  
Check Sequence (FCS) value in the incoming LAPD message.  
When this bit is set to zero:  
The Receive LAPD Controller computes and verifies the Frame  
Check Sequence (FCS) of each MOS message.  
When this bit is set to one:  
The Receive LAPD Controller does not compute and verify the  
Frame Check Sequence (FCS) of each MOS message.  
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BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
4
Automatic Receive LAPD  
Message  
R/W  
Automatic Receive LAPD Message:  
This READ/WRITE bit-field configures the Receive LAPD Con-  
troller of the framer to compare and discard any incoming LAPD  
message that exactly match which is currently stored in the  
Receive LAPD Controller.  
When this bit is set to zero:  
The Receive LAPD Controller does not discard any incoming  
LAPD message. Every incoming LAPD message automatically  
stores in the Receive LAPD Controller and overwrites the previ-  
ous received LAPD message.  
When this bit is set to one:  
The Receive LAPD Controller compares any incoming LAPD  
message with the previous message that is currently stored in  
the Received LAPD Controller. If the incoming LAPD message is  
the same as the previous one, it will be automatically discarded.  
3
2
1
Transmit ABORT  
Sequence  
R/W  
R/W  
R/W  
Transmit ABORT Sequence:  
This READ/WRITE bit-field configures the Transmit LAPD Con-  
troller to transmit an ABORT sequence into the Facility Data Link  
channel to the remote terminal. An ABORT sequence is a string  
of seven or more consecutive ones.  
When this bit is set to zero:  
The Transmit LAPD Controller does not insert an ABORT  
sequence into the Facility Data Link channel.  
When this bit is set to one:  
The transmit LAPD Controller inserts an ABORT sequence into  
the Facility Data Link channel.  
Transmit IDLE/FLAG  
Sequence  
Transmit IDLE/FLAG Sequence:  
This READ/WRITE bit-field configures the Transmit LAPD Con-  
troller to insert a string of IDLE/Flag sequence into the Facility  
Data Link channel to the remote terminal. An IDLE/FLAG  
sequence is an octet of with value 0x7E.  
When this bit is set to zero:  
The Transmit LAPD Controller does not insert an IDLE/FLAG  
sequence into the Facility Data Link channel.  
When this bit is set to one:  
The Transmit LAPD Controller inserts an IDLE/FLAG sequence  
into the Facility Data Link channel.  
Transmit LAPD Message  
with FCS  
Transmit LAPD Message with FCS:  
This READ/WRITE bit-field forces the Transmit LAPD Controller  
to include Frame Check Sequence (FCS) octets into the out-  
bound LAPD message.  
When this bit is set to zero:  
The Transmit LAPD Controller does not include FCS octets into  
the outbound LAPD message.  
When this bit is set to one:  
The Transmit LAPD Controller inserts FCS octets into the out-  
bound LAPD message.  
NOTE: This bit-field is ignored if the framer is configured to oper-  
ate in BOS mode.  
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REV.1.0.0  
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
0
MOS or BOS Select  
R/W  
MOS or BOS Select:  
This READ/WRITE bit-field specifies whether the Transmit and  
Receive LAPD Controller to operate in Message Oriented Sig-  
naling (MOS) or Bit Oriented Signaling (BOS) mode.  
When this bit is set to zero:  
The Transmit and Receive LAPD Controller transmit and receive  
LAPD message in MOS mode.  
When this bit is set to one:  
The Transmit and Receive LAPD Controller transmit and receive  
LAPD message in BOS mode.  
Transmit Data Link Byte Count Register (TDLBCR) (Indirect Address = 0xn0H, 0x14H)  
BIT 7  
BIT 6  
BIT 5  
BIT 4  
BIT3  
BIT 2  
BIT 1  
BIT 0  
Transmit Data  
Link Buffer  
Select  
Transmit Data Link Byte Count Bits [6:0]  
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7
Transmit Data Link Buffer  
Select  
R/W  
Transmit Data Link Buffer Select:  
This READ/WRITE bit-field permits the user to select which one  
of the two Transmit Data Link Buffers will be loaded for transmis-  
sion.  
When this bit is set to zero:  
The Transmit Data Link Buffer 0 will be loaded for transmission of  
data link bits.  
When this bit is set to one:  
The Transmit Data Link Buffer 1 will be loaded for transmission of  
data link bits.  
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BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
6 - 0  
Transmit Data Link Byte  
Count [6:0]  
R/W  
Transmit Data Link Byte Count [6:0]:  
These READ/WRITE bit-fields hold the length of the MOS mes-  
sage to be transmitted or the number of repetitions of BOS to be  
transmitted. The user should program these bit-fields to equal  
the length of the MOS message in bytes or the number of repeti-  
tions of BOS message.  
The LAPD controller will load the value of these bits from the  
Transmit Data Link Byte Count register and use it as its internal  
counter at the beginning of each transfer. After the entire MOS  
message is transmitted or x number of repetitions of BOS mes-  
sage transmission is completed, the LAPD controller will gener-  
ate the Transmit End of Transfer (TxEOT) interrupt.  
Each Transmit Data Link Buffer is 96-bytes wide.  
NOTE: In the case of BOS messaging, if these bit-fields are  
equal to zero, the BOS message will be transmitted infinitely and  
no Transmit End of Transfer (TxEOT) interrupt will be generated.  
Receive Data Link Byte Count Register (TDLBCR) (Indirect Address = 0xn0H, 0x15H)  
BIT 7  
BIT 6  
BIT 5  
BIT 4  
BIT3  
BIT 2  
BIT 1  
BIT 0  
Receive Data  
Link Buffer  
Select  
Receive Data Link Byte Count Bits [6:0]  
R
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7
Receive Data Link Buffer  
Select  
R
Receive Data Link Buffer Select:  
This READ/WRITE bit-field informs the user which one of the  
two Receive Data Link Buffers are available for receiving data  
link messages.  
When this bit is set to zero:  
The Receive Data Link Buffer 0 will be used for received data link  
bits.  
When this bit is set to one:  
The Receive Data Link Buffer 1 will be used for received data link  
bits.  
119  
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REV.1.0.0  
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
6 - 0  
Receive Data Link Byte  
Count [6:0]  
R/W  
Receive Data Link Byte Count [6:0]:  
These READ/WRITE bit-fields hold the length of the MOS mes-  
sage received or the number of repetitions of BOS message  
received. The user should program these bit-fields to equal the  
length of the MOS message in bytes or the number of repetitions  
of BOS message.  
The LAPD controller will load the value of these bits from the  
Receive Data Link Byte Count register and use it as its internal  
counter at the beginning of each transfer. After the entire MOS  
message is received or x number of repetitions of BOS message  
is received, the LAPD controller will generate the Receive End of  
Transfer (RxEOT) interrupt.  
Each Receive Data Link Buffer is 96-bytes wide.  
NOTE: In the case of BOS messaging, these bit-fields cannot be  
set to zero. Otherwise, no Receive End of Transfer (RxEOT)  
interrupt will be generated.  
Slip Buffer Control Register (SBCR) (Indirect Address = 0xn0H, 0x16H)  
BIT 7  
BIT 6  
BIT 5  
BIT 4  
BIT3  
BIT 2  
BIT 1  
BIT 0  
Transmit Slip  
Buffer is FIFO  
Reserved  
Force  
Signaling  
Freeze  
Signaling  
Freeze  
Enable  
Slip Buffer  
Receive Syn-  
chronization  
Direction  
Slip Buffer Enable Bit [1:0]  
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7
Transmit Slip Buffer is  
FIFO  
R/W  
Slip Buffer is FIFO:  
This READ/WRITE bit-field allows the user to determine function  
of the buffer when TxLineClk_n and TxSerClk_n are synchro-  
nized with each other.  
When this bit is 0:  
The buffer acts as slip buffer if enabled by the Slip Buffer Enable  
bit [1:0].  
When this bit is 1:  
The buffer acts as FIFO.  
6 - 5  
Reserved  
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BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
4
Force Signaling Freeze  
R/W  
Force Signaling Freeze:  
This READ/WRITE bit-field allows the user to stop further signal-  
ing updating.  
When this bit is 0:  
The framer continues extracts and updates signaling information  
received.  
When this bit is 1:  
The framer stops extracting signaling information received, this  
is called Signaling Freeze.  
3
Signaling Freeze Enable  
R/W  
Signaling Freeze Enable:  
This READ/WRITE allows the user to stop the framer from  
updating signaling information for one multi-frame after buffer  
slipping. Enabling signaling freeze after buffer slipping can elimi-  
nate incorrect signaling information been extracted and updated  
by the framer.  
When this bit is 0:  
Signaling freeze is disabled. The framer will continue to extract  
and update signaling information for one multi-framer after buffer  
slipping.  
When this bit is 1:  
Signaling freeze is enabled. The framer will not extract and  
update signaling information for one multi-framer after buffer slip-  
ping.  
2
Slip Buffer Receive Syn-  
chronization Direction  
R/W  
Slip Buffer Receive Synchronization Direction:  
When this bit is set to 0:  
The Receive Single-Frame Synchronization signal (RxSync_n) is  
an output if the Slip Buffer is not in bypass mode.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
The Receive Single-Frame Synchronization signal (RxSync_n) is  
an input if the Slip Buffer is not in bypass mode.  
121  
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BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
1-0  
Slip Buffer Enable  
R/W  
Slip Buffer Enable:  
When these bits are set to 00:  
Slip Buffer is bypassed. The Receive Payload Data is passing  
from the Receive Framer Module to the Receive Payload Data  
Output Interface directly without routing through the Slip Buffer.  
The Receive Serial Clock signal (RxSerClk_n) is an output.  
When these bits are set to 01:  
The Elastic Store (Slip Buffer) is enabled. The Receive Payload  
Data is passing from the Receive Framer Module through the  
Slip Buffer to the Receive Payload Data Output Interface. The  
Receive Serial Clock signal (RxSerClk_n) is an input.  
When these bits are set to 10:  
The Slip Buffer acts as a FIFO. The FIFO Latency Register  
(FLR) determines the data latency. The Receive Payload Data is  
passing from the Receive Framer Module through the FIFO to  
the Receive Payload Data Output Interface. The Receive Serial  
Clock signal (RxSerClk_n) is an input.  
When these bits are set to 11:  
Slip Buffer is bypassed. The Receive Payload Data is passing  
from the Receive Framer Module to the Receive Payload Data  
Output Interface directly without routing through the Slip Buffer.  
The Receive Serial Clock signal (RxSerClk_n) is an output.  
FIFO Latency Register (FIFOLR) (Indirect Address = 0xn0H, 0x17H)  
BIT 7  
BIT 6  
BIT 5  
BIT 4  
BIT3  
BIT 2  
BIT 1  
BIT 0  
Reserved  
FIFO Latency [4:0]  
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7-5  
4-0  
Reserved  
R/W  
R/W  
FIFO Latency  
FIFO Latency:  
These bits determine depth of the FIFO in terms of bytes. The  
largest possible value is thirty-two bytes or one E1 frame.  
122  
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áç  
Interrupt Control Register (ICR) (Indirect Address = 0xn0H, 0x1AH)  
BIT 7  
BIT 6  
BIT 5  
BIT 4  
BIT3  
BIT 2  
BIT 1  
BIT 0  
Reserved  
Clear  
Clear  
Enable of  
Interrupt  
Interrupt  
Interrupt  
Status Bits By Enable Bits  
Write  
Generation  
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7-3  
2
Reserved  
R/W  
R/W  
Clear Interrupt Status Bit By Write:  
Clear Interrupt Status  
Bits By Write  
This Read/Write bit field determines how to clear the interrupt sta-  
tus bits.  
When this bit is set to 0:  
The status bits are reset upon read.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
The status bits are reset by writing a zero.  
1
Clear Interrupt Enable  
Bits  
R/W  
Clear Interrupt Enable Bit:  
This Read/Write bit field determines how to clear the interrupt  
enable bits.  
When this bit is set to 0:  
The status bits are not reset upon reading of corresponding sta-  
tus bits.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
The status bits are reset upon reading of corresponding status  
bits.  
0
Enable of Interrupt  
Generation  
R/W  
Enable of Interrupt Generation:  
This Read/Write bit field is used to enable T1/E1 framer interrupt  
generation.  
When this bit is set to 0:  
XRT84L38 will not generate interrupt. Instead, status polling of  
the framer will be enabled.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
Interrupt generation is enabled.  
123  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
LAPD Channel Select Register (LCSR) (Indirect Address = 0xn0H, 0x1BH)  
BIT 7  
BIT 6  
BIT 5  
BIT 4  
BIT3  
BIT 2  
BIT 1  
BIT 0  
Reserved  
LAPD Channel Select  
Bit [1:0]  
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7-2  
1-0  
Reserved  
R/W  
R/W  
LAPD Channel Select  
Bit [1:0]  
LAPD Channel Select Bit [1:0]:  
These Read/Write bit fields determine which one of the three  
current LAPD channel being accessed.  
When these bits are set to 00:  
LAPD Channel 1 is being accessed.  
When these bits are set to 01:  
LAPD Channel 2 is being accessed.  
When these bits are set to 10:  
LAPD Channel 3 is being accessed.  
When these bits are set to 11:  
LAPD Channel 1 is being accessed.  
Transmit Interface Control Register (TICR) (Indirect Address = 0xn0H, 0x20H)  
BIT 7  
BIT 6  
BIT 5  
BIT 4  
BIT3  
BIT 2  
BIT 1  
BIT 0  
Transmit  
Fraction Data  
Interface  
Reserved  
Transmit  
PayloadClock Fractional E1  
Transmit  
Transmit  
Clock  
Inversion  
Transmit  
Multiplex  
Enable  
Transmit  
Interface  
Mode Select Mode Select  
Transmit  
Interface  
Select /  
Transmit  
Input Enable  
Select  
Bit 1  
Bit 0  
Sync- Pulse  
Low Active  
Select  
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
124  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7
Transmit Fraction Data  
Interface Select  
R/W  
Transmit Fraction Data Interface Select:  
When this bit is set to 0:  
The Transmit Serial Fractional Data (TxFrTD_n) input pins are  
used to accept fractional serial data.  
The Transmit Timeslot Clock (TxTsClk_n) pins are used to out-  
put fractional data clock.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
The Transmit Timeslot Clock (TxTSClk_n) pins are used to input  
fractional serial data enable signal.  
Fractional serial data is clocked into the framer using ungapped  
TxSerClk_n signals.  
6
5
Reserved  
Transmit Payload Clock  
Select / Transmit Sync-  
Pulse Low Active Select  
R/W  
Transmit Payload Clock Select / Transmit Sync- Pulse Low Active  
Select:  
When this bit is set to 0:  
The TxSerClk_n pins will output ungapped Transmit clock for  
correspondent DS1/E1 clock rates.  
In non-1.544 MHz mode for DS1 or non-2.048 MHz mode for E1,  
the XRT84L38 chip expects a HIGH active pulse for frame syn-  
chronization.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
The TxSerClk_n pins will output a gapped Transmit clock with  
OH bit period blocked for correspondent DS1/E1 clock rates.  
In non-1.544 MHz mode for DS1 or non-2.048 MHz mode for E1,  
the XRT84L38 chip expects a LOW active pulse for frame syn-  
chronization.  
125  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
4
Transmit Fractional E1  
Input Enable  
R/W  
Transmit Fractional E1 Input Enable:  
When this bit is set to 0:  
The Transmit Time-slot Indication bits (TxTSb[4:0] are outputting  
five-bit binary values of Time-slot number (0-31) being accepted  
and processed by the Transmit Payload Data Input Interface  
block of the framer.  
The Transmit Time-slot Indicator Clock signal (TxTSClk_n) is a  
256KHz clock that pulses HIGH for one E1 bit period whenever  
the Transmit Payload Data Input Interface block is accepting the  
LSB of each of the twenty-four time slots.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
The TxTSb[0]_n bit becomes the Transmit Fractional E1 Input  
signal (TxFrTD_n) which carries Fractional E1 payload data into  
the framer.  
The TxTSb[1]_n bit becomes the Transmit Signaling Data Input  
signal (TxSig_n) which is used to insert robbed-bit signaling data  
into the outbound E1 frame.  
The TxTSb[2]_n bit serially outputs all five-bit binary values of  
the Time Slot number (0-31) being accepted and processed by  
the Transmit Payload Data Input Interface block of the framer.  
The TxTSb[3]_n bit becomes the Transmit Overhead Synchroni-  
zation Pulse (TxOHSync_n) which is used to output an Over-  
head Synchronization Pulse that indicates the first bit of each  
E1multi-frame.  
The TxTSClk_n will output gaped fractional E1 clock that can be  
used by Terminal Equipment to clock out Fractional E1 payload  
data at rising edge of the clock. Or,  
The TxTSClk_n pin will be a clock enable signal to Transmit  
Fractional E1 Input signal (TxFrTD_n) when the un-gaped Trans-  
mit Serail Input Clock (TxSerClk_n) is used to clock in Fractional  
E1 Payload Data into the framer.  
3
Transmit Clock Inversion  
R/W  
Transmit Clock Inversion:  
When this bit is set to 0:  
Serial data transition happens on rising edge of the Transmit  
Serial Clock.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
Serial data transition happens on falling edge of the Transmit  
Serial Clock.  
2
Transmit Multiplex Enable  
R/W  
Transmit Multiplex Enable:  
When this bit is set to 0:  
The Transmit Back-plane Interface block is configured to non-  
channel-multiplexed mode  
When this bit is set to 1:  
The Transmit Back-plane Interface block is configured to chan-  
nel-multiplexed mode  
126  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
1-0  
Transmit Interface Mode  
Select  
R/W  
Transmit Interface Mode Select:  
When combined with the Transmit Multiplex Enable bit, these  
bits determine the Transmit Back-plane Interface data rate.  
The table below illustrates the Transmit Back-plane Interface  
data rate for E1 mode with different Transmit Multiplex Enable bit  
and Transmit Interface Mode Select Bits settings.  
Transmit  
Interface  
Mode  
Select Bit  
1
Transmit  
Interface  
Mode  
Select Bit  
0
Transmit  
Multiplex  
Enable Bit  
Back-plane  
Interface  
Data Rate  
XRT84V24  
Compatible  
2.048Mbit/s  
0
0
0
0
0
1
MVIP  
2.048Mbit/s  
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
0
4.096Mbit/s  
8.192Mbit/s  
-
Bit Multiplexed  
16.384Mbit/s  
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
0
1
HMVIP  
16.384Mbit/s  
H.100  
16.384Mbit/s  
Receive Interface Control Register (RICR) (Indirect Address = 0xn0H, 0x22H)  
BIT 7  
BIT 6  
BIT 5  
BIT 4  
BIT3  
BIT 2  
BIT 1  
BIT 0  
Receive  
Fraction Data  
Interface  
Reserved  
Receive  
PayloadClock Fractional E1  
Receive  
Receive  
Clock  
Inversion  
Receive  
Multiplex  
Enable  
Receive  
Interface  
Mode Select Mode Select  
Receive  
Interface  
Select /  
Receive  
Input Enable  
Select  
Bit 1  
Bit 0  
Sync- Pulse  
Low Active  
Select  
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
127  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7
Receive Fraction Data  
Interface Select  
R/W  
Receive Fraction Data Interface Select:  
When this bit is set to 0:  
The Receive Serial Fractional Data (RxFrTD_n) output pins are  
used to output fractional serial data.  
The Receive Timeslot Clock (RxTsClk_n) pins are used to output  
fractional data clock.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
The Receive Timeslot Clock (RxTSClk_n) pins are used to out-  
put fractional serial data enable signal.  
Fractional serial data is clocked out from the framer using  
ungapped RxSerClk_n signals.  
6
5
Reserved  
Receive Payload Clock  
Select / Receive Sync-  
Pulse Low Active Select  
R/W  
Receive Payload Clock Select / Receive Sync- Pulse Low  
Active Select:  
When this bit is set to 0:  
The RxSerClk_n pins will output ungapped Receive clock for cor-  
respondent DS1/E1 clock rates.  
In non-1.544 MHz mode for DS1 or non-2.048 MHz mode for E1,  
the XRT84L38 chip generates a HIGH active pulse for frame  
synchronization.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
The RxSerClk_n pins will output a gapped Receive clock with  
OH bit period blocked for correspondent DS1/E1 clock rates.  
In non-1.544 MHz mode for DS1 or non-2.048 MHz mode for E1,  
the XRT84L38 chip generates a LOW active pulse for frame syn-  
chronization.  
128  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
4
Receive Fractional E1  
Output Enable  
R/W  
Receive Fractional E1 Output Enable:  
When this bit is set to 0:  
The Receive Time-slot Indication bits (RxTSb[4:0] are outputting  
five-bit binary values of Time-slot number (0-31) being accepted  
and processed by the Receive Payload Data Output Interface  
block of the framer.  
The Receive Time-slot Indicator Clock signal (RxTSClk_n) is a  
256KHz clock that pulses HIGH for one E1 bit period whenever  
the Receive Payload Data Output Interface block is accepting the  
LSB of each of the twenty-four time slots.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
The RxTSb[0]_n bit becomes the Receive Fractional E1 Output  
signal (RxFrTD_n) which carries Fractional E1 payload data from  
the framer.  
The RxTSb[1]_n bit becomes the Receive Signaling Data Output  
signal (RxSig_n) which is used to carry robbed-bit signaling data  
extracted from the inbound E1 frame.  
The RxTSb[2]_n bit serially outputs all five-bit binary values of  
the Time Slot number (0-31) being accepted and processed by  
the Receive Payload Data Output Interface block of the framer.  
The RxTSClk_n will output gaped fractional E1 clock that can be  
used by Terminal Equipment to latch in Fractional E1 payload  
data at rising edge of the clock. Or,  
The RxTSClk_n pin will be a clock enable signal to Receive  
Fractional E1 Output signal (RxFrTD_n) when the un-gaped  
Receive Serail Output Clock (RxSerClk_n) is used to latch in  
Fractional E1 Payload Data into the Terminal Equipment.  
3
Receive Clock Inversion  
R/W  
Receive Clock Inversion:  
When this bit is set to 0:  
Serial data transition happens on rising edge of the Receive  
Serial Clock.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
Serial data transition happens on falling edge of the Receive  
Serial Clock.  
2
Receive Multiplex Enable  
R/W  
Receive Multiplex Enable:  
When this bit is set to 0:  
The Receive Back-plane Interface block is configured to non-  
channel-multiplexed mode.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
The Receive Back-plane Interface block is configured to chan-  
nel-multiplexed mode  
129  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
1-0  
Receive Interface Mode  
Select  
R/W  
Receive Interface Mode Select:  
When combined with the Receive Multiplex Enable bit, these bits  
determine the Receive Back-plane Interface data rate.  
The table below illustrates the Receive Back-plane Interface data  
rate for E1 mode with different Receive Multiplex Enable bit and  
Receive Interface Mode Select Bits settings.  
Receive  
Interface  
Mode  
Select Bit  
1
Receive  
Interface  
Mode  
Select Bit  
0
Receive  
Multiplex  
Enable Bit  
Back-plane  
Interface  
Data Rate  
XRT84V24  
Compatible  
2.048Mbit/s  
0
0
0
0
0
1
MVIP  
2.048Mbit/s  
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
0
4.096Mbit/s  
8.192Mbit/s  
-
Bit Multiplexed  
16.384Mbit/s  
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
0
1
HMVIP  
16.384Mbit/s  
H.100  
16.384Mbit/s  
General Test Register (GTR) (Indirect Address = 0xn0H, 0x23H)  
BIT 7  
BIT 6  
BIT 5  
BIT 4  
BIT3  
BIT 2  
BIT 1  
BIT 0  
PRBS Type  
Select  
Error  
Insertion  
Data  
Inversion  
Select  
Receive  
Receive  
Transmit  
Receive DS1/ Transmit DS1/  
PRBS Lock PRBS Block PRBS Block  
Indication  
E1 Framer  
Bypassed  
E1 Framer  
Bypassed  
Enable  
R/W  
0
Enable  
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7
PRBS Type Select  
R/W  
PRBS Type Select:  
When this bit is set to 0:  
The polynomial for generating the PRBS pattern is X15 + X14 +  
1.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
A QRTS pattern is generated as the PRBS pattern.  
130  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
6
Error Insertion  
R/W  
Error Insertion:  
A zero to one transition of this bit will cause one bit of the outgo-  
ing transmit data inverted.  
5
Data Inversion Select  
R/W  
Data Inversion Select:  
When this bit is set to 0:  
The outgoing transmit data and incoming receive data are not  
changed.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
The outgoing transmit data and incoming receive data are  
inverted.  
4
Receive PRBS Lock  
Indication  
R/W  
Receive PRBS Lock Indication:  
If the Receive PRBS block is enabled, this bit indicates whether  
a PRBS pattern is found in the incoming received data and the  
PRBS pattern is locked.  
When this bit is set to 0:  
There is no PRBS pattern found and locked in the incoming  
received data stream.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
A PRBS pattern found and locked in the incoming received data  
stream.  
3
Receive PRBS Block  
Enable  
R/W  
Receive PRBS Block Enable :  
When this bit is set to 0:  
The Receive PRBS block is disabled. The framer will not check  
the incoming received data for PRBS pattern.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
The Receive PRBS block is enabled. The framer will check the  
incoming received data for PRBS pattern.  
2
Transmit PRBS Block  
Enable  
R/W  
Transmit PRBS Block Enable :  
When this bit is set to 0:  
The Transmit PRBS block is disabled. The framer will not insert  
PRBS pattern into the outgoing transmit data stream.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
The Transmit PRBS block is enabled. The framer will insert  
PRBS pattern into the outgoing transmit data stream.  
1
0
Receive DS1/E1 Framer  
Bypassed  
R/W  
R/W  
Receive DS1/E1 Framer Bypassed:  
When this bit is set to 0:  
The Receive DS1/E1 Framer is not bypassed.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
The Receive DS1/E1 Framer is bypassed.  
Transmit DS1/E1 Framer  
Bypassed  
Transmit DS1/E1 Framer Bypassed:  
When this bit is set to 0:  
The Transmit DS1/E1 framer is not bypassed.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
The Transmit DS1/E1 framer is bypassed. Unframed DS1/E1  
payload data are passed from backplane interface into the DS1/  
E1 line.  
131  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
Loop-back Code Control Register (LCCR) (Indirect Address = 0xn0H, 0x24H)  
BIT 7  
BIT 6  
BIT 5  
BIT 4  
BIT3  
BIT 2  
BIT 1  
BIT 0  
Receive  
Loop-back  
Code  
Receive  
Loop-back  
Code  
Receive  
Loop-back  
Code  
Receive  
Loop-back  
Code  
Transmit  
Loop-back  
Transmit  
Loop-back  
Framed  
Loop-back  
Automatic  
Loop-back  
Select  
Code Length Code Length Code Select  
Activation  
Activation  
De-Activation De-Activation  
Bit 1  
Bit 0  
Length Bit 1 Length Bit 0 Length Bit 1 Length Bit 0  
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7-6  
Receive Loop-back Code  
Activation Length  
R/W  
Receive Loop-back Code Activation Length:  
These bits are used to determine the Receive Loop-back Code  
Activation length. The table below shows length of the Receive  
Loop-back Activation code according to values of these bits.  
Bit Value  
Length of Loop-back Code  
00  
01  
10  
11  
4
5
6
7
5-4  
Receive Loop-back Code  
De-Activation Length  
R/W  
Receive Loop-back Code Activation Length:  
These bits are used to determine the Receive Loop-back Code  
De-Activation length. The table below shows length of the  
Receive Loop-back De-Activation code according to values of  
these bits.  
Bit Value  
Length of Loop-back Code  
00  
01  
10  
11  
4
5
6
7
132  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
3-2  
Transmit Loop-back Code  
Length  
R/W  
Transmit Loop-back Code Length:  
These bits are used to determine the Transmit Loop-back Code  
Activation length. The table below shows length of the Transmit  
Loop-back code according to values of these bits.  
Bit Value  
Length of Loop-back Code  
00  
01  
10  
11  
4
5
6
7
1
0
Framed Loop-back Code  
Select  
R/W  
R/W  
Framed Loop-back Code Select:  
When this bit is set to 0:  
The Loop-back code that transmitted or recieved is unframed.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
The Loop-back code that transmitted or received is framed.  
Automatic Loop-back  
Select  
Automatic Loop-back Select:  
When this bit is set to 0:  
Automatic Loop-back is disabled.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
Automatic Loop-back is enabled.  
Transmit Loop-back Code Register (TLCR) (Indirect Address = 0xn0H, 0x25H)  
BIT 7  
BIT 6  
BIT 5  
BIT 4  
BIT3  
BIT 2  
BIT 1  
BIT 0  
Transmit Loop-back Code Bit[6:0]  
Transmit  
Loop-back  
Code Enable  
R/W  
1
R/W  
0
R/W  
1
R/W  
0
R/W  
1
R/W  
0
R/W  
1
R/W  
0
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7-1  
Transmit Loop-back Code  
Bit[6:0]  
R/W  
Transmit Loop-back Code Bit[6:0]:  
These bits are the Transmit Loop-back Code sequence.  
133  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
0
Transmit Loop-back Code  
Enable  
R/W  
Transmit Loop-back Code Enable:  
When this bit is set to 0:  
Transmit Loop-back Code is disabled. Transmit Loop-back Code  
is not sent to the line.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
Transmit Loop-back Code is enabled. Transmit Loop-back Code  
is generated and repeatedly sent to the line instead of payload  
data.  
Receive Loop-back Activation Code Register (RLACR) (Indirect Address = 0xn0H, 0x26H)  
BIT 7  
BIT 6  
BIT 5  
BIT 4  
BIT3  
BIT 2  
BIT 1  
BIT 0  
Receive Loop-back Activation Code Bit[6:0]  
Receive  
Loop-back  
Activation  
Code Enable  
R/W  
1
R/W  
0
R/W  
1
R/W  
0
R/W  
1
R/W  
0
R/W  
1
R/W  
0
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7-1  
Receive Loop-back  
R/W  
Receive Loop-back Activation Code Bit[6:0]:  
Activation Code Bit[6:0]  
These bits are the Receive Loop-back Activation Code  
sequence.  
0
Receive Loop-back  
R/W  
Receive Loop-back Activation Code Enable:  
Activation Code Enable  
When this bit is set to 0:  
Receive Loop-back Activation Code is disabled. Receive Loop-  
back Activation Code is not sent to the line.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
Receive Loop-back Activation Code is enabled. Receive Loop-  
back Activation Code is generated and repeatedly sent to the  
line instead of payload data.  
134  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
Receive Loop-back De-Activation Code Register (RLACR) (Indirect Address = 0xn0H, 0x27H)  
BIT 7  
BIT 6  
BIT 5  
BIT 4  
BIT3  
BIT 2  
BIT 1  
BIT 0  
Receive Loop-back De-Activation Code Bit[6:0]  
Receive  
Loop-back  
De-Activation  
Code Enable  
R/W  
1
R/W  
0
R/W  
1
R/W  
0
R/W  
1
R/W  
0
R/W  
1
R/W  
0
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7-1  
Receive Loop-back  
De-Activation Code  
Bit[6:0]  
R/W  
Receive Loop-back De-Activation Code Bit[6:0]:  
These bits are the Receive Loop-back De-Activation Code  
sequence.  
0
Receive Loop-back  
De-Activation Code  
Enable  
R/W  
Receive Loop-back De-Activation Code Enable:  
When this bit is set to 0:  
Receive Loop-back De-Activation Code is disabled. Receive  
Loop-back De-Activation Code is not sent to the line.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
Receive Loop-back De-Activation Code is enabled. Receive  
Loop-back De-Activation Code is generated and repeatedly sent  
to the line instead of payload data.  
Transmit Sa Select Register (TSASR) (Indirect Address = 0xn0H, 0x030H)  
BIT 7  
BIT 6  
BIT 5  
BIT 4  
BIT3  
BIT 2  
BIT 1  
BIT 0  
Transmit Sa8 Transmit Sa7 Transmit Sa6 Transmit Sa5 Transmit Sa4  
Loop-back  
Loop-back  
Loop-back  
Select  
Select  
Select  
Select  
Select  
Mode 1 Auto Mode 2 Auto Release Auto  
Enable  
R/W  
0
Enable  
R/W  
0
Enable  
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7
Transmit Sa8 Select  
R/W  
Transmit Sa8 Select:  
This bit determines whether the source of Sa8 bit is from trans-  
mit serial input or transmit Sa8 register.  
When this bit is set to 0:  
The source of .Sa8 bit is from transmit serial input.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
The source of .Sa8 bit is from transmit Sa8 register.  
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BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
6
5
4
3
2
Transmit Sa7 Select  
Transmit Sa6 Select  
Transmit Sa5 Select  
Transmit Sa4 Select  
R/W  
Transmit Sa7 Select:  
This bit determines whether the source of Sa7 bit is from trans-  
mit serial input or transmit Sa7 register.  
When this bit is set to 0:  
The source of .Sa7 bit is from transmit serial input.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
The source of .Sa7 bit is from transmit Sa7 register.  
R/W  
R/W  
R/W  
R/W  
Transmit Sa6 Select:  
This bit determines whether the source of Sa6 bit is from trans-  
mit serial input or transmit Sa6 register.  
When this bit is set to 0:  
The source of .Sa6 bit is from transmit serial input.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
The source of .Sa6 bit is from transmit Sa6 register.  
Transmit Sa5 Select:  
This bit determines whether the source of Sa5 bit is from trans-  
mit serial input or transmit Sa5 register.  
When this bit is set to 0:  
The source of .Sa5 bit is from transmit serial input.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
The source of .Sa5 bit is from transmit Sa5 register.  
Transmit Sa4 Select:  
This bit determines whether the source of Sa4 bit is from trans-  
mit serial input or transmit Sa4 register.  
When this bit is set to 0:  
The source of .Sa4 bit is from transmit serial input.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
The source of .Sa4 bit is from transmit Sa4 register.  
Loop-back Mode 1 Auto  
Enable  
Loop-back Mode 1 Auto Enable :  
The bit enables local loop-back of the framer while a certain con-  
dition is happened.  
When this bit is 0:  
No local loop-back is activated.  
When this bit is 1:  
Local loop-back is activated if the following condition happened  
from the transmit serial inputs:  
Sa5 = 0 for 8 consecutive times.  
Sa6 = 1111 for 8 consecutive times.  
Remote yellow alarm bit (A bit) is 1.  
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BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
1
Loop-back Mode 2 Auto  
Enable  
R/W  
Loop-back Mode 2 Auto Enable :  
The bit enables local loop-back of the framer while a certain con-  
dition is happened.  
When this bit is 0:  
No local loop-back is activated.  
When this bit is 1:  
Local loop-back is activated if the following condition happened  
from the transmit serial inputs:  
Sa5 = 0 for 8 consecutive times.  
Sa6 = 1010 for 8 consecutive times.  
Remote yellow alarm bit (A bit) is 1.  
0
Loop-back Mode Release  
Auto Enable  
R/W  
Loop-back Mode Release Auto Enable :  
The bit enables local loop-back to be released automatically if a  
certain condition is happened.  
When this bit is 0:  
No local loop-back is released.  
When this bit is 1:  
Local loop-back is released if the following condition happened  
from the transmit serial inputs:  
Sa5 = 0 for 8 consecutive times.  
Sa6 = 0000 for 8 consecutive times.  
Transmit Sa4 Register (TSA4R) (Indirect Address = 0xn0H, 0x33H)  
BIT 7  
BIT 6  
BIT 5  
BIT 4  
BIT3  
BIT 2  
BIT 1  
BIT 0  
Transmit Sa4 Bit[7:0]  
R/W  
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7-0  
Transmit Sa4 Bit[7:0]  
R/W  
Transmit Sa4 bit[7:0]:  
These Read/Write bit fields determine contents of the Sa4 bits  
when Transmit Sa4 Enable bit is 0 and Transmit Sa4 Select bit is  
1.  
Bit 7 of this register is transmitted as Sa4 bit in Frame 2 of the  
CRC-4 Multi-frame. Bit 6 of this register is transmitted as Sa4 bit  
in Frame 4 of the CRC-4 Multi-frame, etc.  
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Transmit Sa5 Register (TSA5R) (Indirect Address = 0xn0H, 0x34H)  
BIT 7  
BIT 6  
BIT 5  
BIT 4  
BIT3  
BIT 2  
BIT 1  
BIT 0  
Transmit Sa5 Bit[7:0]  
R/W  
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7-0  
Transmit Sa5 Bit[7:0]  
R/W  
Transmit Sa5 bit[7:0]:  
These Read/Write bit fields determine contents of the Sa5 bits  
when Transmit Sa5 Enable bit is 0 and Transmit Sa5 Select bit is  
1.  
Bit 7 of this register is transmitted as Sa5 bit in Frame 2 of the  
CRC-4 Multi-frame. Bit 6 of this register is transmitted as Sa5 bit  
in Frame 4 of the CRC-4 Multi-frame, etc.  
Transmit Sa6 Register (TSA6R) (Indirect Address = 0xn0H, 0x35H)  
BIT 7  
BIT 6  
BIT 5  
BIT 4  
BIT3  
BIT 2  
BIT 1  
BIT 0  
Transmit Sa6 Bit[7:0]  
R/W  
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7-0  
Transmit Sa6 Bit[7:0]  
R/W  
Transmit Sa6 bit[7:0]:  
These Read/Write bit fields determine contents of the Sa6 bits  
when Transmit Sa6 Enable bit is 0 and Transmit Sa6 Select bit is  
1.  
Bit 7 of this register is transmitted as Sa6 bit in Frame 2 of the  
CRC-4 Multi-frame. Bit 6 of this register is transmitted as Sa6 bit  
in Frame 4 of the CRC-4 Multi-frame, etc.  
Transmit Sa7 Register (TSA7R) (Indirect Address = 0xn0H, 0x36H)  
BIT 7  
BIT 6  
BIT 5  
BIT 4  
BIT3  
BIT 2  
BIT 1  
BIT 0  
Transmit Sa7 Bit[7:0]  
R/W  
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
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BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7-0  
Transmit Sa7 Bit[7:0]  
R/W  
Transmit Sa7 bit[7:0]:  
These Read/Write bit fields determine contents of the Sa7 bits  
when Transmit Sa7 Enable bit is 0 and Transmit Sa7 Select bit is  
1.  
Bit 7 of this register is transmitted as Sa7 bit in Frame 2 of the  
CRC-4 Multi-frame. Bit 6 of this register is transmitted as Sa7 bit  
in Frame 4 of the CRC-4 Multi-frame, etc.  
Transmit Sa8 Register (TSA8R) (Indirect Address = 0xn0H, 0x37H)  
BIT 7  
BIT 6  
BIT 5  
BIT 4  
BIT3  
BIT 2  
BIT 1  
BIT 0  
Transmit Sa8 Bit[7:0]  
R/W  
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7-0  
Transmit Sa8 Bit[7:0]  
R/W  
Transmit Sa8 bit[7:0]:  
These Read/Write bit fields determine contents of the Sa8 bits  
when Transmit Sa8 Enable bit is 0 and Transmit Sa8 Select bit is  
1.  
Bit 7 of this register is transmitted as Sa8 bit in Frame 2 of the  
CRC-4 Multi-frame. Bit 6 of this register is transmitted as Sa8 bit  
in Frame 4 of the CRC-4 Multi-frame, etc.  
Receive Sa4 Register (RSA4R) (Indirect Address = 0xn0H, 0x3BH)  
BIT 7  
BIT 6  
BIT 5  
BIT 4  
BIT3  
BIT 2  
BIT 1  
BIT 0  
Receive Sa4 Bit[7:0]  
R
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7-0  
Receive Sa4 Bit[7:0]  
R/W  
Receive Sa4 bit[7:0]:  
These Read/Write bit fields store contents of the Sa4 bits  
received from the incoming serial data.  
Bit 7 of this register is received as Sa4 bit in Frame 2 of the CRC-  
4 Multi-frame. Bit 6 of this register is transmitted as Sa4 bit in  
Frame 4 of the CRC-4 Multi-frame, etc.  
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Receive Sa5 Register (RSA5R) (Indirect Address = 0xn0H, 0x3CH)  
BIT 7  
BIT 6  
BIT 5  
BIT 4  
BIT3  
BIT 2  
BIT 1  
BIT 0  
Receive Sa5 Bit[7:0]  
R
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7-0  
Receive Sa5 Bit[7:0]  
R/W  
Receive Sa5 bit[7:0]:  
These Read/Write bit fields store contents of the Sa5 bits  
received from the incoming serial data.  
Bit 7 of this register is received as Sa5 bit in Frame 2 of the CRC-  
4 Multi-frame. Bit 6 of this register is transmitted as Sa5 bit in  
Frame 4 of the CRC-4 Multi-frame, etc.  
Receive Sa6 Register (RSA6R) (Indirect Address = 0xn0H, 0x3DH)  
BIT 7  
BIT 6  
BIT 5  
BIT 4  
BIT3  
BIT 2  
BIT 1  
BIT 0  
Receive Sa6 Bit[7:0]  
R
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7-0  
Receive Sa6 Bit[7:0]  
R/W  
Receive Sa6 bit[7:0]:  
These Read/Write bit fields store contents of the Sa6 bits  
received from the incoming serial data.  
Bit 7 of this register is received as Sa6 bit in Frame 2 of the CRC-  
4 Multi-frame. Bit 6 of this register is transmitted as Sa6 bit in  
Frame 4 of the CRC-4 Multi-frame, etc.  
Receive Sa7 Register (RSA7R) (Indirect Address = 0xn0H, 0x3EH)  
BIT 7  
BIT 6  
BIT 5  
BIT 4  
BIT3  
BIT 2  
BIT 1  
BIT 0  
Receive Sa7 Bit[7:0]  
R
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
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BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7-0  
Receive Sa7 Bit[7:0]  
R/W  
Receive Sa7 bit[7:0]:  
These Read/Write bit fields store contents of the Sa7 bits  
received from the incoming serial data.  
Bit 7 of this register is received as Sa7 bit in Frame 2 of the CRC-  
4 Multi-frame. Bit 6 of this register is transmitted as Sa7 bit in  
Frame 4 of the CRC-4 Multi-frame, etc.  
Receive Sa8 Register (RSA8R) (Indirect Address = 0xn0H, 0x3FH)  
BIT 7  
BIT 6  
BIT 5  
BIT 4  
BIT3  
BIT 2  
BIT 1  
BIT 0  
Receive Sa8 Bit[7:0]  
R
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7-0  
Receive Sa8 Bit[7:0]  
R/W  
Receive Sa8 bit[7:0]:  
These Read/Write bit fields store contents of the Sa8 bits  
received from the incoming serial data.  
Bit 7 of this register is received as Sa8 bit in Frame 2 of the CRC-  
4 Multi-frame. Bit 6 of this register is transmitted as Sa8 bit in  
Frame 4 of the CRC-4 Multi-frame, etc.  
Transmit Channel Control Register (RCCR) (Indirect Address = 0xn02H, 0x00H - 0x1FH)  
BIT 7  
BIT 6  
BIT 5  
BIT 4  
BIT3  
BIT 2  
BIT 1  
BIT 0  
LAPD Select LAPD Select  
Bit 1 Bit 0  
Transmit Zero Code  
Suppression Select Bit [1:0]  
(T1 Mode Only)  
Transmit Conditioning Select Bit [3:0]  
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
1
0
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BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7-6  
LAPD Select Bit [1:0]  
R/W  
LAPD Select Bit [1:0]:  
When these bits are set to 00:  
The first LAPD channel is used as data source for D or E time  
slot.  
When these bits are set to 01:  
The second LAPD channel is used as data source for D or E  
time slot.  
When these bits are set to 10:  
In T1 mode, the Transmit D/E Timeslot Source Select bits  
(TxDE[1:0]) of the Transmit Data Link Select Register (TSDLSR)  
will determine the data source for D/E time slot.  
In E1 mode, the Transmit Signaling and Data Link Source Select  
bits (TxSIGDL[2:0]) of the Transmit Data Link Select Register  
(TSDLSR) will determine the data source for D/E time slot.  
When these bits are set to 11:  
The third LAPD channel is used as data source for D or E time  
slot.  
5-4  
Transmit Zero Code  
Suppression Select  
{T1 Mode Only}  
R/W  
Transmit Zero Code Suppression Select:  
When these bits are set to 00:  
The input DS1 PCM data of this DS0 channel is unchanged. No  
zero code suppression is used.  
When these bits are set to 01:  
AT&T Bit 7 stuffing is used and the input DS1 PCM data of this  
DS0 channel is modified.  
When these bits are set to 10:  
GTE zero code suppression is and the input DS1 PCM data of  
this DS0 channel is modified.  
When these bits are set to 11:  
DDS zero code suppression is and the input DS1 PCM data of  
this DS0 channel is modified.  
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BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
3-0  
Transmit Conditioning  
Select  
R/W  
Transmit Conditioning Select:  
When these bits are set to 0000:  
The input DS1 PCM data of this DS0 channel is unchanged.  
When these bits are set to 0001:  
All 8 bits of the input DS1 PCM data of this DS0 channel are  
inverted.  
When these bits are set to 0010:  
The even bits of the input DS1 PCM data of this DS0 channel are  
inverted.  
When these bits are set to 0011:  
The odd bits of the input DS1 PCM data of this DS0 channel are  
inverted.  
When these bits are set to 0100:  
The input DS1 PCM data of this DS0 channel are replaced by  
the octet stored in User IDLE Code Register (UCR).  
When these bits are set to 0101:  
The input DS1 PCM data of this DS0 channel are replaced by  
BUSY code (0x7F).  
When these bits are set to 0110:  
The input DS1 PCM data of this DS0 channel are replaced by  
VACANT code (0xFF).  
When these bits are set to 0111:  
The input DS1 PCM data of this DS0 channel are replaced by  
BUSY_TS code (111xxxxx).  
When these bits are set to 1000:  
The input DS1 PCM data of this DS0 channel are replaced by  
MUX-Out-Of-Frame (MOOF) code with value 0x1A.  
When these bits are set to 1001:  
The input DS1 PCM data of this DS0 channel are replaced by  
the A-law digital milliwatt pattern.  
When these bits are set to 1010:  
The input DS1 PCM data of this DS0 channel are replaced by  
the u-law digital milliwatt pattern.  
When these bits are set to 1011:  
The MSB bit of the input DS1 PCM data of this DS0 channel is  
inverted.  
When these bits are set to 1100:  
All bits of the input DS1 PCM data of this DS0 channel except  
MSB bit are inverted.  
When these bits are set to 1101:  
The input DS1 PCM data of this DS0 channel are replaced by  
PRBS pattern created by the internal PRBS Generator of  
XRT84L38 framer.  
When these bits are set to 1110:  
The input DS1 PCM data of this DS0 channel is unchanged.  
When these bits are set to 1111:  
This channel is configured as D or E timeslot.  
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User IDLE Code Register (UCR) (Indirect Address = 0xn02H, 0x20H - 0x3FH)  
BIT 7  
BIT 6  
BIT 5  
BIT 4  
BIT3  
BIT 2  
BIT 1  
BIT 0  
User IDLE Code Bit [7:0]  
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7-0  
User IDLE Code  
R/W  
User IDLE Code:  
These READ/WRITE bit-fields permits the user store any value  
of IDLE code into the framer. When the Transmit Data Condition-  
ing Select [3:0] bits of TCCR register of a particular DS0 channel  
are set to 0100, the input E1 PCM data are replaced by contents  
of this register and sent to the Transmit LIU Interface.  
Transmit Signaling Control Register (TSCR) (Indirect Address = 0xn2H, 0x40H - 0x57H)  
BIT 7  
BIT 6  
BIT 5  
BIT 4  
BIT3  
BIT 2  
BIT 1  
BIT 0  
Signaling Bit Signaling Bit Signaling Bit Signaling Bit  
Reserved  
Robbed-bit  
Signaling  
Enable  
Transmit  
Robbed-bit  
Signaling  
Source  
Transmit  
Robbed-bit  
Signaling  
Source  
A
B
C
D
Control Bit 1 Control Bit 0  
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
0
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7
Signaling Bit A  
Signaling Bit B  
Signaling Bit C  
Signaling Bit D  
R/W  
R/W  
R/W  
R/W  
Signaling Bit A:  
This bit is used to store Signaling Bit A that is sent as the least  
significant bit of timeslot of frame number 6.  
6
5
4
Signaling Bit B:  
This bit is used to store Signaling Bit B that is sent as the least  
significant bit of timeslot of frame number 12.  
Signaling Bit C:  
This bit is used to store Signaling Bit C that is sent as the least  
significant bit of timeslot of frame number 18.  
Signaling Bit D:  
This bit is used to store Signaling Bit D that is sent as the least  
significant bit of timeslot of frame number 24.  
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BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
2
Robbed-bit Signaling  
Enable  
R/W  
Robbed-bit Signaling Enable:  
When these bits are set to 0:  
Robbed-bit Signaling is disabled. No signaling data will be  
inserted into the input PCM data no matter what the setting of  
the Transmit Signaling Source Select [1:0] bits is.  
When these bits are set to 1:  
Signaling data is enabled and inserted into the input DS1 PCM  
data according to setting of the Transmit Signaling Source Select  
[1:0] bits.  
1-0  
Transmit Signaling  
Source Select  
R/W  
Transmit Signaling Source Select:  
When these bits are set to 00:  
None of the signaling data, the CAS Multi-frame alignment pat-  
tern, the X bit or the CAS Multi-frame Yellow Alarm bit Y is  
inserted into the outgoing E1 PCM data by the framer. However,  
the user can embed the signaling data, the CAS Multi-frame  
alignment pattern, the X bit or the CAS Multi-frame Yellow Alarm  
bit Y into E1 PCM data before routing the PCM data into the  
framer.  
When these bits are set to 01:  
The signaling data, the CAS Multi-frame alignment pattern, the X  
bit or the CAS Multi-frame Yellow Alarm bit Y is inserted into the  
outgoing E1 PCM data from TSCR register of each timeslot.  
When these bits are set to 10:  
If the XRT84L38 framer is operating in E1 2.048Mbit/s mode and  
if the TxFR2048 bit of the Transmit Interface Control Register  
(TICR) is set to zero:  
The signaling data, the CAS Multi-frame alignment pattern, the X  
bit or the CAS Multi-frame Yellow Alarm bit Y is inserted into the  
outgoing E1 PCM data from the TxOH_n input pin.  
If the XRT84L38 framer is operating in E1 2.048Mbit/s mode and  
if the TxFR2048 bit of the Transmit Interface Control Register  
(TICR) is set to one:  
The signaling data, the CAS Multi-frame alignment pattern, the X  
bit or the CAS Multi-frame Yellow Alarm bit Y is inserted into the  
outgoing E1 PCM data from the TxSig_n input pin.  
When these bits are set to 11:  
No signaling data or the CAS Multi-frame alignment pattern is  
inserted into the input E1 PCM data by the framer. However, the  
user can embed signaling data into E1 PCM data before routing  
the PCM data into the framer.  
The X bit is inserted into the outgoing E1 PCM data from TSCR  
register.  
The CAS Multi-frame Yellow Alarm Y bit is generated by the  
XRT84L38 framer depends on operating condition of the E1 link.  
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Receive Channel Control Register (RCCR) (Indirect Address = 0xn2H, 0x60H - 0x7FH)  
BIT 7  
BIT 6  
BIT 5  
BIT 4  
BIT3  
BIT 2  
BIT 1  
BIT 0  
Receive  
LAPD  
Channel  
Select Bit 1  
Receive  
LAPD  
Channel  
Select Bit 0  
Receive Zero Code  
Suppression Select Bit [1:0]  
(T1 Mode Only)  
Receive Conditioning Select Bit [3:0]  
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
1
0
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7-6  
Receive LAPD Channel  
Select [1:0]  
Receive LAPD Channel Select Bit [1:0]:  
When these bits are set to 00:  
The first LAPD channel is used as data destination for D or E  
time slot.  
When these bits are set to 01:  
The second LAPD channel is used as data destination for D or E  
time slot.  
When these bits are set to 10:  
In T1 mode, the Transmit D/E Timeslot Source Select bits  
(TxDE[1:0]) of the Transmit Data Link Select Register (TSDLSR)  
will determine the data destination for D/E time slot.  
In E1 mode, the Transmit Signaling and Data Link Source Select  
bits (TxSIGDL[2:0]) of the Transmit Data Link Select Register  
(TSDLSR) will determine the data destination for D/E time slot.  
When these bits are set to 11:  
The third LAPD channel is used as data destination for D or E  
time slot.  
6
Reserved  
5-4  
Receive Zero Code  
Suppression Select  
{T1 Mode Only}  
R/W  
Receive Zero Code Suppression Select:  
When these bits are set to 00:  
The received DS1 PAYLOAD data of this DS0 channel is  
unchanged. No zero code suppression is used.  
When these bits are set to 01:  
AT&T Bit 7 stuffing is used.  
When these bits are set to 10:  
GTE zero code suppression is used.  
When these bits are set to 11:  
DDS zero code suppression is used.  
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BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
3-0  
Receive Conditioning  
Select  
R/W  
Receive Conditioning Select:  
When these bits are set to 0000:  
The received DS1 payload data of this DS0 channel is  
unchanged.  
When these bits are set to 0001:  
All 8 bits of the input DS1 payload data of this DS0 channel are  
inverted.  
When these bits are set to 0010:  
The even bits of the input DS1 payload data of this DS0 channel  
are inverted.  
When these bits are set to 0011:  
The odd bits of the input DS1 payload data of this DS0 channel  
are inverted.  
When these bits are set to 0100:  
The input DS1 payload data of this DS0 channel are replaced by  
the octet stored in User IDLE Code Register (UCR).  
When these bits are set to 0101:  
The input DS1 payload data of this DS0 channel are replaced by  
BUSY code (0x7F).  
When these bits are set to 0110:  
The input DS1 payload data of this DS0 channel are replaced by  
VACANT code (0xFF).  
When these bits are set to 0111:  
The input DS1 payload data of this DS0 channel are replaced by  
BUSY_TS code (111xxxxx).  
When these bits are set to 1000:  
The input DS1 payload data of this DS0 channel are replaced by  
MUX-Out-Of-Frame (MOOF) code with value 0x1A.  
When these bits are set to 1001:  
The input DS1 payload data of this DS0 channel are replaced by  
the A-law digital milliwatt pattern.  
When these bits are set to 1010:  
The input DS1 payload data of this DS0 channel are replaced by  
the u-law digital milliwatt pattern.  
When these bits are set to 1011:  
The MSB bit of the input DS1 payload data of this DS0 channel  
is inverted.  
When these bits are set to 1100:  
All bits of the input DS1 payload data of this DS0 channel except  
MSB bit are inverted.  
When these bits are set to 1101:  
The input DS1 payload data of this DS0 channel are replaced by  
PRBS pattern created by the internal PRBS Generator of  
XRT84L38 framer.  
When these bits are set to 1110:  
The input DS1 payload data of this DS0 channel is unchanged.  
When these bits are set to 1111:  
This channel is configured as D or E timeslot.  
147  
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XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
Receive User IDLE Code Register (UCR) (Indirect Address = 0xn02H, 0x80H - 0x97H)  
BIT 7  
BIT 6  
BIT 5  
BIT 4  
BIT3  
BIT 2  
BIT 1  
BIT 0  
Receive User IDLE Code Bit [7:0]  
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7-0  
Receive User IDLE Code  
R/W  
Receive User IDLE Code:  
These READ/WRITE bit-fields permits the user store any value  
of IDLE code into the framer. When the Receive Data Condition-  
ing Select [3:0] bits of RCCR register of a particular DS0 channel  
are set to 0100, the received DS1 payload data are replaced by  
contents of this register and sent to the Terminal Equipment.  
Receive Signaling Control Register (RSCR) (Indirect Address = 0xn2H, 0xA0H - 0xB7H)  
BIT 7  
BIT 6  
BIT 5  
BIT 4  
BIT3  
BIT 2  
BIT 1  
BIT 0  
Reserved  
Receive  
Signaling  
Substitution  
Enable  
Receive  
Signaling  
Output  
De-bounce  
Enable  
Receive  
Signaling  
Substitution  
Receive  
Signaling  
Signaling  
Extraction  
Signaling  
Extraction  
Substitution Control Bit 1 Control Bit 0  
Enable  
Control Bit 1 Control Bit 0  
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
0
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7
6
Reserved  
Receive Signaling  
Substitution Enable  
R/W  
Receive Signaling Substitution Enable:  
When this bit is set to 0:  
Signaling Substitution is disabled. The XRT84L38 framer will not  
replace extracted signaling bits from the incoming DS1 payload  
data with all ones or with signaling bits stored in RSSR registers.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
Signaling Substitution is enabled. The XRT84L38 framer will  
replace extracted signaling bits from the incoming DS1 payload  
data with all ones or with signaling bits stored in RSSR registers.  
148  
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OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
5
Receive Signaling  
Output Enable  
R/W  
Receive Signaling Output Enable:  
When these bits are set to 0:  
The XRT84L38 framer will not send extracted signaling bits from  
the incoming DS1 payload data to external equipment through  
the Receive Signaling Output pin (RxSig_n).  
When these bits are set to 1:  
The XRT84L38 framer will send extracted signaling bits from the  
incoming DS1 payload data to external equipment through the  
Receive Signaling Output pin (RxSig_n).  
4
3-2  
Receive Signaling  
Substitution Control  
R/W  
Receive Signaling Substitution Control:  
When these bits are set to 00:  
The received signaling bits are replaced by all ones and send to  
the external equipment.  
When these bits are set to 01:  
Two-code signaling substitution is applied to the received signal-  
ing bits. The replaced signaling information is sent to the exter-  
nal equipment.  
When these bits are set to 10:  
Four-code signaling substitution is applied to the received signal-  
ing bits. The replaced signaling information is sent to the exter-  
nal equipment.  
When these bits are set to 11:  
Sixteen-code signaling substitution is applied to the received sig-  
naling bits. The replaced signaling information is sent to the  
external equipment.  
NOTE: In SF mode, this option is disabled.  
1-0  
Signaling Extraction  
Control  
R/W  
Signaling Extraction Control:  
When these bits are set to 00:  
The XRT84L38 framer does not extract signaling information  
from incoming DS1 payload data.  
When these bits are set to 01:  
The XRT84L38 framer extracts sixteen-code signaling informa-  
tion from incoming DS1 payload data.  
When these bits are set to 10:  
The XRT84L38 framer extracts four-code signaling information  
from incoming DS1 payload data.  
When these bits are set to 11:  
The XRT84L38 framer extracts two-code signaling information  
from incoming DS1 payload data.  
149  
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XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
Receive Substitution Signaling Register (RSSR) (Indirect Address = 0xn02H, 0xC0H - 0xD7H)  
7-4  
3
Reserved  
R/W  
SIG16-A  
SIG4-A  
SIG2-A  
Sixteen-Code Signaling bit A  
Four-Code Signaling bit A  
Two-Code Signaling bit A  
2
1
0
SIG16-B  
SIG4-B  
SIG2-A  
Sixteen-Code Signaling bit B  
Four-Code Signaling bit B  
Two-Code Signaling bit A  
SIG16-C  
SIG4-A  
SIG2-A  
Sixteen-Code Signaling bit C  
Four-Code Signaling bit A  
Two-Code Signaling bit A  
SIG16-D  
SIG4-B  
SIG2-A  
Sixteen-Code Signaling bit D  
Four-Code Signaling bit B  
Two-Code Signaling bit A  
Receive Signaling Register Array (RSRA)(Indirect Address = 0xn4H, 0x00H - 0x17H)  
3
Signaling Bit A  
R/W  
Signaling Bit A:  
This bit is used to store Signaling Bit A that is received and  
extracted as the least significant bit of timeslot of frame number  
6.  
2
Signaling Bit B  
R/W  
Signaling Bit B:  
This bit is used to store Signaling Bit B that is received and  
extracted as the least significant bit of timeslot of frame number  
12.  
1
0
Signaling Bit C  
Signaling Bit D  
R/W  
R/W  
Signaling Bit C:  
This bit is used to store Signaling Bit C that is received and  
extracted as the least significant bit of timeslot of frame number  
18.  
Signaling Bit D:  
This bit is used to store Signaling Bit D that is received and  
extracted as the least significant bit of timeslot of frame number  
24.  
BIT 7  
BIT 6  
BIT 5  
BIT 4  
Receive  
BIT3  
BIT 2  
BIT 1  
BIT 0  
PRBS Type  
Select  
Error  
Insertion  
Data  
Inversion  
Select  
Receive  
Transmit  
Receive DS1/ Transmit DS1/  
E1 Framer  
Bypassed  
PRBS Lock PRBS Block PRBS Block  
Indication  
E1 Framer  
Bypassed  
Enable  
R/W  
0
Enable  
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
150  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
Block Interrupt Enable Register (BIER) (Indirect Address = 0xnAH, 0x00H)  
BIT 7  
BIT 6  
BIT 5  
BIT 4  
BIT3  
BIT 2  
BIT 1  
BIT 0  
SA6 Interrupt Loop-back  
Receive  
Clock Loss  
Interrupt  
One Second  
Interrupt  
HDLC  
Controller  
Interrupt  
Slip Buffer  
Interrupt  
Alarm and T1/E1 Framer  
Code  
Interrupt  
Error Interrupt  
Interrupt  
R
0
R
0
R
0
R
0
R
0
R
0
R
0
R
0
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7
SA6 Interrupt  
R
R
R
R
R
R
SA6 Interrupt:  
When this bit is set to 0:  
No SA6 interrupt is generated.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
An SA6 Interrupt is generated.  
6
5
4
3
2
Loop-back Code Interrupt  
Loop-back Code Interrupt:  
When this bit is set to 0:  
No Loop-back Code interrupt is generated.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
A Loop-back Code Interrupt is generated.  
Receive Clock Loss Inter-  
rupt  
Receive Clock Loss Interrupt:  
When this bit is set to 0:  
No Receive Clock Loss interrupt is generated.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
A Receive Clock Loss Interrupt is generated.  
One Second Interrupt  
HDLC Controller Interrupt  
Slip Buffer Interrupt  
One Second Interrupt:  
When this bit is set to 0:  
No One Second interrupt is generated.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
A One Second Interrupt is generated.  
HDLC Controller Interrupt:  
When this bit is set to 0:  
No HDLC Controller interrupt is generated.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
A HDLC Controller Interrupt is generated.  
Slip Buffer Interrupt:  
When this bit is set to 0:  
No T1/E1 Framer interrupt is generated.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
A Slip Buffer Interrupt is generated.  
151  
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OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
1
Alarm and Error Interrupt  
R
Alarm and Error Interrupt:  
When this bit is set to 0:  
No Alarm and Error interrupt is generated.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
An Alarm and Error Interrupt is generated.  
0
T1/E1 Framer Interrupt  
R
T1/E1 Framer Interrupt:  
When this bit is set to 0:  
No T1/E1 Framer interrupt is generated.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
A T1/E1 Framer Interrupt is generated.  
Block Interrupt Enable Register (BIER) (Indirect Address = 0xnAH, 0x01H)  
BIT 7  
BIT 6  
BIT 5  
BIT 4  
BIT3  
BIT 2  
BIT 1  
BIT 0  
SA6 Interrupt Loop-back  
Receive  
Clock Loss  
Interrupt  
Enable  
One Second  
Interrupt  
HDLC  
Controller  
Interrupt  
Enable  
Slip Buffer  
Interrupt  
Enable  
Alarm and T1/E1 Framer  
Enable  
Code  
Interrupt  
Enable  
Error  
Interrupt  
Enable  
Interrupt  
Enable  
Enable  
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7
SA6 Interrupt Enable  
R
R
R
SA6 Interrupt Enable:  
When this bit is set to 0:  
Every interrupt generated by the Receive SA6 Interrupt Register  
(RSAIR) is disabled.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
Every interrupt generated by the Receive SA6 Interrupt Register  
(RSAIR) enabled.  
6
Loop-back Code Interrupt  
Enable  
Loop-back Code Interrupt Enable:  
When this bit is set to 0:  
Every interrupt generated by the Receive Loop-back Code Inter-  
rupt and Status Register (RLCISR) is disabled.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
Every interrupt generated by the Receive Loop-back Code Inter-  
rupt and Status Register (RLCISR) enabled.  
5
Receive Clock Loss  
Interrupt Enable  
Receive Clock Loss Interrupt Enable:  
When this bit is set to 0:  
The Receive Clock Loss Interrupt is disabled.  
When this bit is set to 1:T  
he Receive Clock Loss Interrupt is enabled.  
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OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
4
One Second Interrupt  
Enable  
R
One Second Interrupt Enable:  
When this bit is set to 0:  
One Second Interrupt is disabled.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
One Second Interrupt is enabled.  
3
2
1
0
HDLC Controller Interrupt  
Enable  
R
R
R
R
HDLC Controller Interrupt Enable:  
When this bit is set to 0:  
Every interrupt generated by the Data Link Status Register  
(DLSR) is disabled.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
Every interrupt generated by the Data Link Status Register  
(DLSR) is enabled.  
Slip Buffer Interrupt  
Enable  
Slip Buffer Interrupt Enable:  
When this bit is set to 0:  
Every interrupt generated by the Slip Buffer Status Register  
(SBSR) is disabled.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
Every interrupt generated by the Slip Buffer Status Register  
(SBSR) is enabled.  
Alarm and Error Interrupt  
Enable  
Alarm and Error Interrupt Enable:  
When this bit is set to 0:  
Every interrupt generated by the Alarm and Error Interrupt Sta-  
tus Register (AEISR) is disabled.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
Every interrupt generated by the Alarm and Error Interrupt Sta-  
tus Register (AEISR) is enabled.  
T1/E1 Framer Interrupt  
Enable  
T1/E1 Framer Interrupt Enable:  
When this bit is set to 0:  
Every interrupt generated by the T1/E1 Framer Interrupt Status  
Register (FISR) is disabled.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
Every interrupt generated by the T1/E1 Framer Interrupt Status  
Register (FISR) is enabled.  
Alarm and Error Status Register (AESR) - T1 Mode (Indirect Address = 0xnAH, 0x02H)  
BIT 7  
BIT 6  
BIT 5  
BIT 4  
BIT3  
BIT 2  
BIT 1  
BIT 0  
Receive Red Receive AIS  
Receive  
Yellow Alarm  
State  
Receive Loss  
of Signal  
Receive  
Bipolar  
Violation  
Receive Red Receive AIS  
Alarm State State Change Yellow Alarm  
Change  
Receive  
Alarm State  
State  
Change  
State Change  
State Change  
R
0
R
0
R
0
RUR / WC  
0
RUR / WC  
0
RUR / WC  
0
RUR / WC  
0
RUR / WC  
0
153  
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OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7
6
5
4
3
2
Receive Red Alarm State  
R
Receive Red Alarm State:  
When this bit is 0:  
There is no Red Alarm condition detected in the incoming DS1  
payload data.  
When this bit is 1:  
There is Red Alarm condition detected in the incoming DS1 pay-  
load data.  
Receive AIS State  
R
Receive AIS State:  
When this bit is 0:  
There is no AIS alarm condition detected in the incoming DS1  
payload data.  
When this bit is 1:  
There is AIS alarm condition detected in the incoming DS1 pay-  
load data.  
Receive Yellow Alarm  
State  
R
Receive Yellow Alarm State:  
When this bit is 0:  
There is no Yellow Alarm condition detected in the incoming DS1  
payload data.  
When this bit is 1:  
There is Yellow Alarm condition detected in the incoming DS1  
payload data.  
Receive Loss of Signal  
Change  
RUR /  
WC  
Receive Loss of Signal:  
When this bit is 0:  
There is no change of Loss of Signal state in the incoming DS1  
payload data.  
When this bit is 1:  
There is change of Loss of Signal state in the incoming DS1 pay-  
load data.  
Receive Bipolar Violation  
State Change  
RUR /  
WC  
Receive Bipolar Violation:  
When this bit is 0:  
There is no change of Bipolar Violation state in the incoming  
DS1 payload data.  
When this bit is 1:  
There is change of Bipolar Violation state in the incoming DS1  
payload data.  
Receive Red Alarm State  
Change  
RUR /  
WC  
Receive Red Alarm State Change:  
When this bit is 0:  
There is no change of Red Alarm state in the incoming DS1 pay-  
load data.  
When this bit is 1:  
There is change of Red Alarm state in the incoming DS1 payload  
data.  
154  
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OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
1
Receive AIS State  
Change  
RUR /  
WC  
Receive AIS State Change:  
When this bit is 0:  
There is no change of AIS state in the incoming DS1 payload  
data.  
When this bit is 1:  
There is change of AIS state in the incoming DS1 payload data.  
0
Receive Yellow Alarm  
State Change  
RUR /  
WC  
Receive Yellow Alarm State Change:  
When this bit is 0:  
There is no change of Yellow Alarm state in the incoming DS1  
payload data.  
When this bit is 1:  
There is change of Yellow Alarm state in the incoming DS1 pay-  
load data.  
Alarm and Error Status Register (AESR) - E1 Mode (Indirect Address = 0xnAH, 0x02H)  
BIT 7  
BIT 6  
BIT 5  
BIT 4  
BIT3  
BIT 2  
BIT 1  
BIT 0  
Receive Red Receive AIS Receive CAS Receive Loss  
Receive  
Bipolar  
Violation  
Receive Red Receive AIS  
Alarm State State Change Yellow Alarm  
Change  
Receive  
Alarm State  
State  
Multi-frame  
Yellow Alarm  
State Change  
of Signal  
Change  
State Change  
State Change  
R
0
R
0
RUR / WC  
0
RUR / WC  
0
RUR / WC  
0
RUR / WC  
0
RUR / WC  
0
RUR / WC  
0
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7
Receive Red Alarm State  
R
Receive Red Alarm State:  
When this bit is 0:  
There is no Red Alarm condition detected in the incoming DS1  
payload data.  
When this bit is 1:  
There is Red Alarm condition detected in the incoming DS1 pay-  
load data.  
6
Receive AIS State  
R
Receive AIS State:  
When this bit is 0:  
There is no AIS alarm condition detected in the incoming DS1  
payload data.  
When this bit is 1:  
There is AIS alarm condition detected in the incoming DS1 pay-  
load data.  
155  
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OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
5
4
3
2
Receive CAS Multi-frame  
Yellow Alarm State  
Change  
RUR /  
WC  
Receive CAS Multi-frame Yellow Alarm State Change:  
When this bit is 0:  
There is no change of CAS Multi-frame Yellow Alarm state in the  
incoming E1 payload data.  
When this bit is 1:  
There is change of CAS Multi-frame Yellow Alarm state in the  
incoming E1 payload data.  
Receive Loss of Signal  
Change  
RUR /  
WC  
Receive Loss of Signal:  
When this bit is 0:  
There is no change of Loss of Signal state in the incoming DS1  
payload data.  
When this bit is 1:  
There is change of Loss of Signal state in the incoming DS1 pay-  
load data.  
Receive Bipolar Violation  
State Change  
RUR /  
WC  
Receive Bipolar Violation:  
When this bit is 0:  
There is no change of Bipolar Violation state in the incoming  
DS1 payload data.  
When this bit is 1:  
There is change of Bipolar Violation state in the incoming DS1  
payload data.  
Receive Red Alarm State  
Change  
RUR /  
WC  
Receive Red Alarm State Change:  
When this bit is 0:  
There is no change of Red Alarm state in the incoming DS1 pay-  
load data.  
When this bit is 1:  
There is change of Red Alarm state in the incoming DS1 payload  
data.  
1
0
Receive AIS State  
Change  
RUR /  
WC  
Receive AIS State Change:  
When this bit is 0:  
There is no change of AIS state in the incoming DS1 payload  
data.  
When this bit is 1:  
There is change of AIS state in the incoming DS1 payload data.  
Receive Yellow Alarm  
State Change  
RUR /  
WC  
Receive Yellow Alarm State Change:  
When this bit is 0:  
There is no change of Yellow Alarm state in the incoming DS1  
payload data.  
When this bit is 1:  
There is change of Yellow Alarm state in the incoming DS1 pay-  
load data.  
156  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
Alarm and Error Interrupt Enable Register (AEIER) - T1 Mode (Indirect Address = 0xnAH, 0x03H)  
BIT 7  
BIT 6  
BIT 5  
BIT 4  
BIT3  
BIT 2  
BIT 1  
BIT 0  
Reserved  
Receive Loss  
of Signal  
Change  
Receive  
Bipolar  
Violation  
State Change  
Interrupt  
Enable  
Receive Red Receive AIS  
Alarm State State Change Yellow Alarm  
Receive  
Change  
Interrupt  
Enable  
Interrupt  
Enable  
State Change  
Interrupt  
Interrupt  
Enable  
Enable  
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
0
0
0
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7-5  
4
Reserved  
Receive Loss of Signal  
Interrupt Enable  
R/W  
R/W  
R/W  
Receive Loss of Signal Interrupt Enable:  
When this bit is set to 0:  
The Receive Loss of Signal interrupt is disabled. Occurrence of  
Loss of Signals will not generate an interrupt.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
The Receive Loss of Signal interrupt is enabled. Occurrence of  
Loss of Signals will generate an interrupt.  
3
Receive Bipolar Violation  
Interrupt Enable  
Receive Bipolar Violation Interrupt Enable:  
When this bit is set to 0:  
The Receive Bipolar Violation interrupt is disabled. Occurrence  
of one or more bipolar violations will not generate an interrupt.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
The Receive Bipolar Violation interrupt is enabled. Occurrence  
of one or more bipolar violations will generate an interrupt.  
2
Receive Red Alarm State  
Change Interrupt Enable  
Receive Red Alarm State Change Interrupt Enable:  
When this bit is set to 0:  
The Receive Red Alarm State Change interrupt is disabled. No  
Receive Loss of Frame (RxLOF) interrupt will be generated upon  
detection of LOF condition.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
The Receive Red Alarm State Change interrupt is enabled.  
Receive Loss of Frame (RxLOF) interrupt will be generated upon  
detection of LOF condition.  
1
Receive AIS State  
Change Interrupt Enable  
R/W  
Receive AIS State Change Interrupt Enable:  
When this bit is set to 0:  
The Receive AIS State Change interrupt is disabled.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
The Receive AIS State Change interrupt is enabled.  
157  
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OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
0
Receive Yellow Alarm  
State Change Interrupt  
Enable  
R/W  
Receive Yellow Alarm State Change Interrupt Enable:  
When this bit is set to 0:  
The Receive Yellow Alarm State Change interrupt is disabled.  
Any state change of Receive Yellow Alarm will not generate an  
interrupt.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
The Receive Yellow Alarm State Change interrupt is enabled.  
Any state change of Receive Yellow Alarm will generate an inter-  
rupt.  
Alarm and Error Interrupt Enable Register (AEIER) - E1 Mode (Indirect Address = 0xnAH, 0x03H)  
BIT 7  
BIT 6  
BIT 5  
BIT 4  
BIT3  
BIT 2  
BIT 1  
BIT 0  
Reserved  
Receive CAS Receive Loss  
Receive  
Bipolar  
Violation  
State Change  
Interrupt  
Enable  
Receive Red Receive AIS  
Alarm State State Change Yellow Alarm  
Receive  
Multi-frame  
Yellow Alarm  
State Change  
Interrupt  
of Signal  
Change  
Interrupt  
Enable  
Change  
Interrupt  
Enable  
Interrupt  
Enable  
State Change  
Interrupt  
Enable  
Enable  
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
0
0
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7-6  
5
Reserved  
Receive CAS Multi-frame  
Yellow Alarm State  
R/W  
Receive CAS Multi-frame Yellow Alarm State Change Inter-  
rupt Enable:  
Change Interrupt Enable  
When this bit is set to 0:  
The Receive CAS Multi-frame Yellow Alarm State Change inter-  
rupt is disabled. Any state change of Receive CAS Multi-frame  
Yellow Alarm will not generate an interrupt.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
The Receive CAS Multi-frame Yellow Alarm State Change inter-  
rupt is enabled. Any state change of Receive CAS Multi-frame  
Yellow Alarm will generate an interrupt.  
4
Receive Loss of Signal  
Interrupt Enable  
R/W  
Receive Loss of Signal Interrupt Enable:  
When this bit is set to 0:  
The Receive Loss of Signal interrupt is disabled. Occurrence of  
Loss of Signals will not generate an interrupt.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
The Receive Loss of Signal interrupt is enabled. Occurrence of  
Loss of Signals will generate an interrupt.  
158  
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BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
3
Receive Bipolar Violation  
Interrupt Enable  
R/W  
Receive Bipolar Violation Interrupt Enable:  
When this bit is set to 0:  
The Receive Bipolar Violation interrupt is disabled. Occurrence  
of one or more bipolar violations will not generate an interrupt.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
The Receive Bipolar Violation interrupt is enabled. Occurrence  
of one or more bipolar violations will generate an interrupt.  
2
Receive Red Alarm State  
Change Interrupt Enable  
R/W  
Receive Red Alarm State Change Interrupt Enable:  
When this bit is set to 0:  
The Receive Red Alarm State Change interrupt is disabled. No  
Receive Loss of Frame (RxLOF) interrupt will be generated upon  
detection of LOF condition.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
The Receive Red Alarm State Change interrupt is enabled.  
Receive Loss of Frame (RxLOF) interrupt will be generated upon  
detection of LOF condition.  
1
0
Receive AIS State  
Change Interrupt Enable  
R/W  
R/W  
Receive AIS State Change Interrupt Enable:  
When this bit is set to 0:  
The Receive AIS State Change interrupt is disabled.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
The Receive AIS State Change interrupt is enabled.  
Receive Yellow Alarm  
State Change Interrupt  
Enable  
Receive Yellow Alarm State Change Interrupt Enable:  
When this bit is set to 0:  
The Receive Yellow Alarm State Change interrupt is disabled.  
Any state change of Receive Yellow Alarm will not generate an  
interrupt.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
The Receive Yellow Alarm State Change interrupt is enabled.  
Any state change of Receive Yellow Alarm will generate an inter-  
rupt.  
Framer Interrupt Status Register (FISR) (Indirect Address = 0xnAH, 0x04H)  
BIT 7  
BIT 6  
BIT 5  
BIT 4  
BIT3  
BIT 2  
BIT 1  
BIT 0  
CAS  
Multi-frame  
Alignment  
Changed (E1  
Only)  
National Bit  
Updated  
(E1 Only)  
Signaling  
Updated  
Frame  
Alignment  
Changed  
Framer  
In-frame  
State  
Frame Mimic Synchroniza- Framing Error  
State  
tion Bit Error  
Changed  
RUR / WC  
0
RUR / WC  
0
RUR / WC  
0
RUR / WC  
0
RUR / WC  
0
RUR / WC  
0
RUR / WC  
0
RUR / WC  
0
159  
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REV.1.0.0  
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7
6
5
4
3
CAS Multi-frame  
Alignment Changed  
(E1 Only)  
RUR /  
WC  
CAS Multi-frame Alignment Changed:  
When this bit is 0:  
There is no change of CAS Multi-frame Alignment in the incom-  
ing E1 payload data.  
When this bit is 1:  
There is change of CAS Multi-frame Alignment in the incoming  
E1 payload data.  
National Bit Updated  
(E1 Only)  
RUR /  
WC  
National Bit Updated:  
When this bit is 0:  
There is no change of National Bits in the incoming E1 payload  
data.  
When this bit is 1:  
There is change of National Bits in the incoming E1 payload  
data.  
Signaling Updated  
RUR /  
WC  
Signaling Updated:  
When this bit is 0:  
There is no change of signaling information in the incoming DS1/  
E1 payload data.  
When this bit is 1:  
There is change of signaling information in the incoming DS1/E1  
payload data.  
Frame Alignment  
Changed  
RUR /  
WC  
Frame Alignment Changed:  
When this bit is 0:  
There is no change of Frame Alignment in the incoming DS1/E1  
payload data.  
When this bit is 1:  
There is change of Frame Alignment in the incoming DS1/E1  
payload data.  
Framer In-frame State  
RUR /  
WC  
Framer In-frame State:  
When this bit is 0:  
There is no change occur in the in-frame state in the incoming  
DS1/E1 payload data. That is, if the framer is in-frame before,  
then it is remained in-frame.  
When this bit is 1:  
There is change of in-frame state in the incoming DS1/E1 pay-  
load data. That is, if the framer is in-frame before, then it is out-  
of-frame now.  
2
Frame Mimic State  
Changed  
RUR /  
WC  
Frame Mimic State Changed:  
When this bit is 0:  
There is no change Frame Mimic state in the incoming DS1/E1  
payload data.  
When this bit is 1:  
There is change of Frame Mimic state in the incoming DS1/E1  
payload data.  
160  
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REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
1
Synchronization Bit Error  
RUR /  
WC  
Synchronization Bit Error:  
When this bit is 0:  
There is no Synchronization Bit Error in the incoming DS1/E1  
payload data.  
When this bit is 1:  
There is Synchronization Bit Error in the incoming DS1/E1 pay-  
load data.  
0
Framing Error  
RUR /  
WC  
Framing Error:  
When this bit is 0:  
There is no Framing Error in the incoming DS1/E1 payload data.  
When this bit is 1:  
There is Framing Error in the incoming DS1/E1 payload data.  
Framer Interrupt Enable Register (FIER) (Indirect Address = 0xnAH, 0x05H)  
BIT 7  
BIT 6  
BIT 5  
BIT 4  
BIT3  
BIT 2  
BIT 1  
BIT 0  
CAS  
National Bit  
Update  
Interrupt  
Enable  
Signaling  
Update  
Interrupt  
Enable  
Frame  
Alignment  
Change  
Interrupt  
Enable  
Framer  
In-frame  
State  
Interrupt  
Enable  
Frame Mimic Synchroniza- Framing Error  
Multi-frame  
Alignment  
Change  
Interrupt  
Enable  
State Change tion Bit Error  
Interrupt  
Enable  
Interrupt  
Enable  
Interrupt  
Enable  
(E1 Only)  
(E1 Only)  
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7
CAS Multi-frame  
RUR /  
WC  
CAS Multi-frame Alignment Changed Interrupt Enable:  
When this bit is set to 0:  
Alignment Change  
Interrupt Enable  
(E1 Only)  
The CAS Multi-frame Alignment Change interrupt is disabled.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
The CAS Multi-frame Alignment Changed interrupt is enabled.  
6
5
National Bit Update  
Interrupt Enable  
(E1 Only)  
RUR /  
WC  
National Bit Updated Interrupt Enable:  
When this bit is set to 0:  
The National Bit Update interrupt is disabled.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
The National Bit Update interrupt is enabled.  
Signaling Update  
Interrupt Enable  
RUR /  
WC  
Signaling Updated Interrupt Enable:  
When this bit is set to 0:  
The Signaling Update interrupt is disabled.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
The Signaling Update interrupt is enabled.  
161  
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REV.1.0.0  
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
4
Frame Alignment Change  
Interrupt Enable  
RUR /  
WC  
Frame Alignment Changed Interrupt Enable:  
When this bit is set to 0:  
The Frame Alignment Change interrupt is disabled.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
The Frame Alignment Change interrupt is enabled.  
3
2
Framer In-frame State  
Interrupt Enable  
RUR /  
WC  
Framer In-frame State Interrupt Enable:When this bit is set to  
0:The Framer In-frame State interrupt is disabled. When this bit  
is set to 1:The Framer In-frame State interrupt is enabled.  
Frame Mimic State  
Change Interrupt Enable  
RUR /  
WC  
Frame Mimic State Changed Interrupt Enable:  
When this bit is set to 0:  
he Frame Mimic State Change interrupt is disabled.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
The Frame Mimic State Change interrupt is enabled.  
1
0
Synchronization Bit Error  
Interrupt Enable  
RUR /  
WC  
Synchronization Bit Error Interrupt Enable:  
When this bit is set to 0:  
The Synchronization Bit Error interrupt is disabled.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
The Synchronization Bit Error interrupt is enabled.  
Framing Error Interrupt  
Enable  
RUR /  
WC  
Framing Error Interrupt Enable:  
When this bit is set to 0:  
The Framing Error interrupt is disabled.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
The Framing Error interrupt is enabled.  
Data Link Status Register (DLSR) (Indirect Address = 0xnAH, 0x06H)  
BIT 7  
BIT 6  
BIT 5  
BIT 4  
BIT3  
BIT 2  
BIT 1  
BIT 0  
Message  
Type  
TransmitStart Receive Start Transmit End Receive End Frame Check  
Receive  
ABORT  
Sequence  
Receive IDLE  
Flag  
Sequence  
of Transfer  
of Transfer  
of Transfer  
of Transfer  
Sequence  
Error  
Detection  
RUR / WC  
0
RUR / WC  
0
RUR / WC  
0
RUR / WC  
0
RUR / WC  
0
RUR / WC  
0
RUR / WC  
0
RUR / WC  
0
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7
Message Type  
RUR /  
WC  
Message Type:  
When this bit is set to 0:  
The Receive HDLC Controller receives and processes Bit-Ori-  
ented Signaling (BOS) message.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
The Receive HDLC Controller receives and processes LAPD  
protocol or Message-Oriented Signaling (MOS) message.  
162  
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áç  
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
6
Transmit Start of Transfer  
RUR /  
WC  
Transmit Start of Transfer:  
When this bit is 0:  
There is no data link message to be sent to the data link chan-  
nel.  
When this bit is 1:  
The HDLC Controller will send a data link message to the data  
link channel.  
5
4
3
2
1
Receive Start of Transfer  
Transmit End of Transfer  
Receive End of Transfer  
RUR /  
WC  
Receive Start of Transfer:  
When this bit is 0:  
There is no data link message in the data link channel.  
When this bit is 1:  
The HDLC Controller began to receive a data link message in  
the data link channel.  
RUR /  
WC  
Transmit End of Transfer:  
When this bit is 0:  
No data link message was sent to the data link channel.  
When this bit is 1:  
The HDLC Controller finished sending a data link message to  
the data link channel.  
RUR /  
WC  
Receive End of Transfer:  
When this bit is 0:  
No data link message was present in the data link channel.  
When this bit is 1:  
The HDLC Controller finished receiving a data link message in  
the data link channel.  
Frame Check Sequence  
Error Detection  
RUR /  
WC  
Frame Check Sequence Error Detection:  
When this bit is 0:  
There is no FCS error detected in the data link channel.  
When this bit is 1:  
The HDLC Controller receives an erroneous FCS in the data link  
channel.  
Receive ABORT  
Sequence  
RUR /  
WC  
Receive ABORT Sequence:  
When this bit is 0:  
There is no BOS ABORT sequence received in the data link  
channel.  
When this bit is 1:  
The HDLC Controller receives MOS ABORT sequence in the  
data link channel.  
0
Receive IDLE Flag  
Sequence  
RUR /  
WC  
Receive IDLE Flag Sequence:  
When this bit is 0:  
The message received in the data link channel is BOS message.  
When this bit is 1:  
The message received in the data link channel is MOS mes-  
sage.  
163  
áç  
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OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
Data Link Interrupt Enable Register (DLIER) (Indirect Address = 0xnAH, 0x07H)  
BIT 7  
BIT 6  
BIT 5  
BIT 4  
BIT3  
BIT 2  
BIT 1  
BIT 0  
Reserve  
TransmitStart Receive Start Transmit End Receive End Frame Check  
Receive  
ABORT  
Sequence  
Interrupt  
Enable  
Receive IDLE  
Flag  
Sequence  
Interrupt  
Enable  
of Transfer  
Interrupt  
Enable  
of Transfer  
Interrupt  
Enable  
of Transfer  
Interrupt  
Enable  
of Transfer  
Interrupt  
Enable  
Sequence  
Error  
Detection  
Interrupt  
Enable  
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
0
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7
6
Reserved  
Transmit Start of Transfer  
Interrupt Enable  
R/W  
R/W  
R/W  
R/W  
R/W  
Transmit Start of Transfer Interrupt Enable:  
When this bit is set to 0:  
The Transmit Start of Transfer interrupt is disabled.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
The Transmit Start of Transfer interrupt is enabled.  
5
4
3
2
Receive Start of Transfer  
Interrupt Enable  
Receive Start of Transfer Interrupt Enable:  
When this bit is set to 0:  
The Receive Start of Transfer interrupt is disabled.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
The Receive Start of Transfer interrupt is enabled.  
Transmit End of Transfer  
Interrupt Enable  
Transmit End of Transfer Interrupt Enable:  
When this bit is set to 0:  
The Transmit End of Transfer interrupt is disabled.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
The Transmit End of Transfer interrupt is enabled.  
Receive End of Transfer  
Interrupt Enable  
Receive End of Transfer Interrupt Enable:  
When this bit is set to 0:  
The Receive End of Transfer interrupt is disabled.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
The Receive End of Transfer interrupt is enabled.  
Frame Check Sequence  
Error Detection Interrupt  
Enable  
Frame Check Sequence Error Detection Interrupt Enable:  
When this bit is set to 0:  
The Frame Check Sequence Error Detection interrupt is dis-  
abled.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
The Frame Check Sequence Error Detection interrupt is  
enabled.  
164  
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REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
1
Receive ABORT  
Sequence Interrupt  
Enable  
R/W  
Receive ABORT Sequence Interrupt Enable:  
When this bit is set to 0:  
The Receive ABORT Sequence interrupt is disabled.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
The Receive ABORT Sequence interrupt is enabled.  
0
Receive IDLE Flag  
Sequence Interrupt  
Enable  
R/W  
Receive IDLE Flag Sequence Interrupt Enable:  
When this bit is set to 0:  
The Receive IDLE Flag Sequence interrupt is disabled.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
The Receive IDLE Flag Sequence interrupt is enabled.  
Slip Buffer Status Register (SBSR) (Indirect Address = 0xnAH, 0x08H)  
BIT 7  
BIT 6  
BIT 5  
BIT 4  
BIT3  
BIT 2  
BIT 1  
BIT 0  
Transmit Slip Transmit Slip Transmit Slip  
SLC96 In  
Multi-frame In Receive Slip Receive Slip Receive Slip  
Buffer Full  
Buffer Empty  
Buffer Slip  
Synchroniza- Synchroniza-  
Buffer Full  
Buffer Empty  
Buffer Slip  
tion  
tion  
RUR/WC  
0
RUR/WC  
0
RUR/WC  
0
R
R
RUR/WC  
0
RUR/WC  
0
RUR/WC  
0
0
0
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7
Transmit Slip Buffer Full  
RUR/  
WC  
Transmit Slip Buffer Full:  
When this bit is set to 0:  
The Transmit Slip Buffer is not full.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
The Transmit Slip Buffer is full and one frame of data is dis-  
carded.  
6
5
Transmit Slip Buffer  
Empty  
RUR/  
WC  
Transmit Slip Buffer Empty:  
When this bit is set to 0:  
The Transmit Slip Buffer is not empty.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
The Transmit Slip Buffer is empty and one frame of data is  
repeated.  
Transmit Slip Buffer Slip  
RUR/  
WC  
Transmit Slip Buffer Slip:  
When this bit is set to 0:  
The Transmit Slip Buffer does not slip.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
The Transmit Slip Buffer slips since either full or emptied.  
165  
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REV.1.0.0  
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
4
3
2
SLC96 In Synchroniza-  
tion  
R
SLC96 In Synchronization:  
When this bit is set to 0:  
The framer is not in SLC96 Synchronization.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
The framer is in SLC96 Synchronization.  
Multi-frame In Synchroni-  
zation  
R
Multi-frame In Synchronization:  
When this bit is set to 0:  
The framer is not in Multi-frame synchronization.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
The framer is in Multi-frame synchronization.  
Receive Slip Buffer Full  
RUR/  
WC  
Receive Slip Buffer Full:  
When this bit is set to 0:  
The Receive Slip Buffer is not full.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
The Receive Slip Buffer is full and one frame of data is dis-  
carded.  
1
0
Receive Slip Buffer  
Empty  
RUR/  
WC  
Receive Slip Buffer Empty:  
When this bit is set to 0:  
The Receive Slip Buffer is not empty.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
The Receive Slip Buffer is empty and one frame of data is  
repeated.  
Receive Slip Buffer Slip  
RUR/  
WC  
Receive Slip Buffer Slip:  
When this bit is set to 0:  
The Receive Slip Buffer does not slip.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
The Receive Slip Buffer slips since either full or emptied.  
Slip Buffer Interrupt Enable Register (SBIER) (Indirect Address = 0xnAH, 0x09H)  
BIT 7  
BIT 6  
BIT 5  
BIT 4  
BIT3  
BIT 2  
BIT 1  
BIT 0  
Transmit Slip Transmit Slip Transmit Slip  
Reserved  
Reserved  
Receive Slip Receive Slip Receive Slip  
Buffer Full  
Interrupt  
Enable  
Buffer Empty  
Interrupt  
Buffer Slip  
Interrupt  
Enable  
Buffer Full  
Interrupt  
Enable  
Buffer Empty  
Interrupt  
Buffer Slip  
Interrupt  
Enable  
Enable  
Enable  
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
166  
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REV. 1.0.0  
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BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7
Transmit Slip Buffer Full  
Interrupt Enable  
R/W  
Transmit Slip Buffer Full Interrupt Enable:  
When this bit is set to 0:  
The Transmit Slip Buffer Full interrupt is disabled.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
The Transmit Slip Buffer Full interrupt is enabled.  
6
5
Transmit Slip Buffer  
Empty Interrupt Enable  
R/W  
R/W  
Transmit Slip Buffer Empty Interrupt Enable:  
When this bit is set to 0:  
The Transmit Slip Buffer Empty interrupt is disabled.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
The Transmit Slip Buffer Empty interrupt is enabled.  
Transmit Slip Buffer Slip  
Interrupt Enable  
Transmit Slip Buffer Slip Interrupt Enable:  
When this bit is set to 0:  
The Transmit Slip Buffer Slip interrupt is disabled.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
The Transmit Slip Buffer slips Slip interrupt is enabled.  
4-3  
2
Reserved  
Receive Slip Buffer Full  
Interrupt Enable  
R/W  
R/W  
Receive Slip Buffer Full Interrupt Enable:  
When this bit is set to 0:  
The Receive Slip Buffer Full interrupt is disabled.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
The Receive Slip Buffer Full interrupt is enabled.  
1
0
Receive Slip Buffer  
Empty Interrupt Enable  
Receive Slip Buffer Empty Interrupt Enable:  
When this bit is set to 0:  
The Receive Slip Buffer Empty interrupt is disabled.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
The Receive Slip Buffer Empty interrupt is enabled.  
Receive Slip Buffer Slip  
Interrupt Enable  
RUR/  
WC  
Receive Slip Buffer Slip Interrupt Enable:  
When this bit is set to 0:  
The Receive Slip Buffer Slip interrupt is disabled.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
The Receive Slip Buffer Slip interrupt is enabled.  
167  
áç  
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OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
Receive Loop-back Code Interrupt and Status Register (RLCISR) (Indirect Address = 0xnAH, 0x0AH)  
BIT 7  
BIT 6  
BIT 5  
BIT 4  
BIT3  
BIT 2  
BIT 1  
BIT 0  
Receive  
Receive  
CRC-4 to  
CRC-4 to  
Non-CRC-4  
Receive  
Loop-back  
Code  
Activation  
Status  
Receive  
Loop-back  
Code  
De-Activation  
Status  
Receive  
Loop-back  
Code  
Activation  
Status  
Receive  
Loop-back  
Code  
De-Activation  
Status  
AUXP State AUXP State Non-CRC-4  
Change  
Interrupt  
Inter-network- Inter-network-  
ing Status  
ing Status  
Change  
Interrupt  
Change  
Interrupt  
Change  
Interrupt  
R
0
RUR/WC  
0
R
0
RUR/WC  
0
R
0
R
0
RUR/WC  
0
RUR/WC  
0
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7
Receive AUXP State  
R
Receive AUXP State:  
This bit indicates status of the Receive AUXP pattern.  
When this bit is set to 0:  
There is no AUXP pattern detected in the Receive data stream.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
There is AUXP pattern detected in the Receive data stream.  
6
Receive AUXP State  
Change Interrupt  
RUR/  
WC  
Receive AUXP State Change Interrupt:  
When this bit is set to 0:  
There is no change in Receive AUXP pattern status.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
There is change in Receive AUXP pattern status. An interrupt  
will be generated upon detection of the change in Receive AUXP  
pattern.  
5
4
CRC-4 to Non-CRC-4  
Inter-networking Status  
R
CRC-4 to Non-CRC-4 Inter-networking Status:  
This bit indicates status of the CRC-4 Internetworking.  
When this bit is set to 0:  
There is no CRC-4 to non-CRC-4 internetworking established.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
There is CRC-4 to non-CRC-4 internetworking established.  
CRC-4 to Non-CRC-4  
Inter-networking Status  
Change Interrupt  
RUR/  
WC  
CRC-4 to Non-CRC-4 Inter-networking Status Change Inter-  
rupt:  
When this bit is set to 0:  
There is no change in CRC-4 to Non-CRC-4 Inter-networking  
Status.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
There is change in CRC-4 to Non-CRC-4 Inter-networking Sta-  
tus. An interrupt will be generated upon detection of the change  
in CRC-4 to Non-CRC-4 Inter-networking Status.  
168  
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REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
3
Receive Loop-back Code  
Activation Status  
R
Receive Loop-back Code Activation Status:  
This bit indicates status of the Receive Loop-back Code Activa-  
tion.  
When this bit is set to 0:  
There is no Loop-back Activation code detected in the Receive  
data stream.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
There is Loop-back Activation code detected in the Receive data  
stream.  
2
Receive Loop-back Code  
De-Activation Status  
R
Receive Loop-back Code De-activation Status:  
This bit indicates status of the Receive Loop-back Code De-acti-  
vation.  
When this bit is set to 0:  
There is no Loop-back De-activation code detected in the  
Receive data stream.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
There is Loop-back De-activation code detected in the Receive  
data stream.  
1
Receive Loop-back Code  
Activation Status Change  
Interrupt  
RUR/  
WC  
Receive Loop-back Code Activation Status Change Inter-  
rupt:  
When this bit is set to 0:  
There is no change in Receive Loop-back Activation Code Sta-  
tus.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
There is change in Receive Loop-back Activation Code Status.  
An interrupt will be generated upon detection of the change in  
Receive Loop-back Activation Code status.  
0
Receive Loop-back Code  
De-activation Status  
Change Interrupt  
RUR/  
WC  
Receive Loop-back Code De-activation Status Change Inter-  
rupt:  
When this bit is set to 0:  
There is no change in Receive Loop-back De-activation Code  
Status.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
There is change in Receive Loop-back De-activation Code Sta-  
tus. An interrupt will be generated upon detection of the change  
in Receive Loop-back De-activation Code status.  
169  
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REV.1.0.0  
Receive Loop-back Code Enable Register (RLCER) (Indirect Address = 0xnAH, 0x0BH)  
BIT 7  
BIT 6  
BIT 5  
BIT 4  
BIT3  
BIT 2  
BIT 1  
BIT 0  
Reserved  
Receive  
AUXP State  
Change  
Interrupt  
Enable  
Reserved  
CRC-4 to  
Non-CRC-4  
Inter-network-  
ing Status  
Change  
Reserved  
Reserved  
Receive  
Loop-back  
Code  
Activation  
Status  
Receive  
Loop-back  
Code De-  
Activation  
Status  
Interrupt  
Enable  
Change  
Interrupt  
Enable  
Change  
Interrupt  
Enable  
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
0
0
0
0
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7
6
Reserved  
Receive AUXP State  
Change Interrupt Enable  
R/W  
R/W  
Receive AUXP State Change Interrupt Enable:  
When this bit is set to 0:  
The Receive AUXP State Change Interrupt is disabled.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
The Receive AUXP State Change Interrupt is enabled.  
5
4
Reserved  
CRC-4 to Non-CRC-4  
Inter-networking Status  
Change Interrupt Enable  
CRC-4 to Non-CRC-4 Inter-networking Status Change Inter-  
rupt Enable:  
When this bit is set to 0:  
The CRC-4 to Non-CRC-4 Inter-networking Status Change Inter-  
rupt is disabled.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
The CRC-4 to Non-CRC-4 Inter-networking Status Change Inter-  
rupt is enabled.  
3
2
Reserved  
Receive Loop-back Code  
Activation Status Change  
Interrupt Enable  
R/W  
Receive Loop-back Code Activation Status Change Inter-  
rupt Enable:  
When this bit is set to 0:  
The Receive Loop-back Code Activation Status Change Inter-  
rupt is disabled.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
The Receive Loop-back Code Activation Status Change Inter-  
rupt is enabled.  
1
Reserved  
170  
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REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
0
Receive Loop-back Code  
De-activation Status  
R/W  
Receive Loop-back Code De-activation Status Change Inter-  
rupt Enable:  
Change Interrupt Enable  
When this bit is set to 0:  
The Receive Loop-back Code De-activation Status Change  
Interrupt is disabled.  
When this bit is set to 1:  
The Receive Loop-back Code De-activation Status Change  
Interrupt is enabled.  
Receive Sa Interrupt Register (RSAIR) (Indirect Address = 0xnAH, 0x0CH)  
BIT 7  
BIT 6  
BIT 5  
BIT 4  
BIT3  
BIT 2  
BIT 1  
BIT 0  
Received  
Sa6 = 1111  
Interrupt  
Received  
Sa6 = 1110  
Interrupt  
Received  
Sa6 = 1100  
Interrupt  
Received  
Sa6 = 1010  
Interrupt  
Received  
Sa6 = 1000  
Interrupt  
Received  
Received  
Received  
Sa6 = 001X Sa6 = others Sa6 = 0000  
Interrupt  
R/W  
0
Interrupt  
R/W  
0
Interrupt  
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7
Received Sa6 = 1111  
Received Sa6 = 1110  
Received Sa6 = 1100  
R/W  
R/W  
R/W  
Received Sa6 = 1111:  
When this bit is 0:  
A de-bounced Sa6 bit of value equal to '1111' has not been  
received from the incoming serial data.  
When this bit is 1:  
A de-bounced Sa6 bit of value equal to '1111' has been received  
from the incoming serial data.  
6
Received Sa6 = 1110:  
When this bit is 0:  
A de-bounced Sa6 bit of value equal to '1110' has not been  
received from the incoming serial data.  
When this bit is 1:  
A de-bounced Sa6 bit of value equal to '1110' has been received  
from the incoming serial data.  
5
Received Sa6 = 1100:  
When this bit is 0:  
A de-bounced Sa6 bit of value equal to '1100' has not been  
received from the incoming serial data.  
When this bit is 1:  
A de-bounced Sa6 bit of value equal to '1100' has been received  
from the incoming serial data.  
171  
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OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
4
3
2
1
Received Sa6 = 1010  
Received Sa6 = 1000  
Received Sa6 = 001X  
Received Sa6 = others  
R/W  
Received Sa6 = 1010:  
When this bit is 0:  
A de-bounced Sa6 bit of value equal to '1010' has not been  
received from the incoming serial data.  
When this bit is 1:  
A de-bounced Sa6 bit of value equal to '1010' has been received  
from the incoming serial data.  
R/W  
R/W  
R/W  
Received Sa6 = 1000:  
When this bit is 0:  
A de-bounced Sa6 bit of value equal to '1000' has not been  
received from the incoming serial data.  
When this bit is 1:  
A de-bounced Sa6 bit of value equal to '1000' has been received  
from the incoming serial data.  
Received Sa6 = 001X:  
When this bit is 0:  
A de-bounced Sa6 bit of value equal to '001X' has not been  
received from the incoming serial data.  
When this bit is 1:  
A de-bounced Sa6 bit of value equal to '001X' has been received  
from the incoming serial data.Note:X can be either 0 or 1.  
Received Sa6 = others:  
When this bit is 0:  
A de-bounced Sa6 bit of value equal to anything but other than  
'1111', '1110', '1100', '1000', '001X' and '0000' has not been  
received from the incoming serial data.  
When this bit is 1:  
A de-bounced Sa6 bit of value equal to anything but other than  
'1111', '1110', '1100', '1000', '001X' and '0000' has been received  
from the incoming serial data.  
0
Received Sa6 = 0000  
R/W  
Received Sa6 = 0000:  
When this bit is 0:  
A de-bounced Sa6 bit of value equal to '0000' has not been  
received from the incoming serial data.  
When this bit is 1:  
A de-bounced Sa6 bit of value equal to '0000' has been received  
from the incoming serial data.  
172  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
Receive Sa Interrupt Enable Register (RSAIER) (Indirect Address = 0xnAH, 0x0DH)  
BIT 7  
BIT 6  
BIT 5  
BIT 4  
BIT3  
BIT 2  
BIT 1  
BIT 0  
Received  
Sa6 = 1111  
Interrupt  
Received  
Sa6 = 1110  
Interrupt  
Received  
Sa6 = 1100  
Interrupt  
Received  
Sa6 = 1010  
Interrupt  
Received  
Sa6 = 1000  
Interrupt  
Received  
Received  
Received  
Sa6 = 001X Sa6 = others Sa6 = 0000  
Interrupt  
Enable  
Interrupt  
Enable  
Interrupt  
Enable  
Enable  
Enable  
Enable  
Enable  
Enable  
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
R/W  
0
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7
Received Sa6 = 1111  
Interrupt Enable  
R/W  
R/W  
R/W  
R/W  
R/W  
R/W  
Received Sa6 = 1111 Interrupt Enable:  
When this bit is 0:  
The Received Sa6 = 1111 Interrupt is disabled.  
When this bit is 1:  
The Received Sa6 = 1111 Interrupt is enabled.  
6
5
4
3
2
Received Sa6 = 1110  
Interrupt Enable  
Received Sa6 = 1110 Interrupt Enable:  
When this bit is 0:  
The Received Sa6 = 1110 Interrupt is disabled.  
When this bit is 1:  
The Received Sa6 = 1110 Interrupt is enabled.  
Received Sa6 = 1100  
Interrupt Enable  
Received Sa6 = 1100 Interrupt Enable:  
When this bit is 0:  
The Received Sa6 = 1100 Interrupt is disabled.  
When this bit is 1:  
The Received Sa6 = 1100 Interrupt is enabled.  
Received Sa6 = 1010  
Interrupt Enable  
Received Sa6 = 1010 Interrupt Enable:  
When this bit is 0:  
The Received Sa6 = 1010 Interrupt is disabled.  
When this bit is 1:  
The Received Sa6 = 1010 Interrupt is enabled.  
Received Sa6 = 1000  
Interrupt Enable  
Received Sa6 = 1000 Interrupt Enable:  
When this bit is 0:  
The Received Sa6 = 1000 Interrupt is disabled.  
When this bit is 1:  
The Received Sa6 = 1000 Interrupt is enabled.  
Received Sa6 = 001X  
Interrupt Enable  
Received Sa6 = 001X Interrupt Enable:  
When this bit is 0:  
The Received Sa6 = 001X Interrupt is disabled.  
When this bit is 1:  
The Received Sa6 = 001X Interrupt is enabled.  
173  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
BIT NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
1
Received Sa6 = others  
Interrupt Enable  
R/W  
Received Sa6 = others Interrupt Enable:  
When this bit is 0:  
The Received Sa6 = others Interrupt is disabled.  
When this bit is 1:  
The Received Sa6 = others Interrupt is enabled.  
0
Received Sa6 = 0000  
Interrupt Enable  
R/W  
Received Sa6 = 0000 Interrupt Enable:  
When this bit is 0:  
The Received Sa6 = 0000 Interrupt is disabled.  
When this bit is 1:  
The Received Sa6 = 0000 Interrupt is enabled.  
174  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
TABLE 9: PMON T1/E1 RECEIVE LINE CODE (BIPOLAR) VIOLATION COUNTER  
REGISTER 303 PMON RECEIVE LINE CODE (BIPOLAR) VIOLATION COUNTER (RLCVCMSB) HEX ADDRESS: 0Xn8, 0X00  
BIT  
FUNCTION  
TYPE  
DEFAULT  
DESCRIPTION-OPERATION  
7-4 Unused  
RO  
0
These four Reset Upon Read bits along with PMON Receive Line Code Vio-  
lation Counter - LSB, provides a 12-bit representation of the number of LIne  
Code violations that have been detected by the Receive Framer block since  
the last read of these registers.  
3-0 RxLCV Count - High Byte  
RUR  
0
Lower 8 bits.  
This register contains the lowest four bits within this 12 bit expression  
TABLE 10: PMON T1/E1 RECEIVE LINE CODE (BIPOLAR) VIOLATION COUNTER  
REGISTER 304  
BIT  
PMON RECEIVE LINE CODE (BIPOLAR) VIOLATION COUNTER (RLCVCLSB) HEX ADDRESS: 0Xn8, 0X01  
FUNCTION  
TYPE  
DEFAULT  
DESCRIPTION-OPERATION  
These eight Reset Upon Read bits along with PMON Receive Line Code  
Violation Counter - MSB, provides 12-bit representation of the number of  
LIne Code violations that have been detected by Receive Framer Block since  
the last read of these registers.  
7-0 RxLCV Count - Low Byte  
RUR  
0
Upper 4 bits.  
This register contains the upper 8 bits within this 12 bit expression.  
.
TABLE 11: PMON T1/E1 RECEIVE FRAMING ALIGNMENT BIT ERROR COUNTER  
REGISTER 305  
BIT  
PMON RECEIVE FRAMING ALIGNMENT ERROR COUNTER (RFAECLSB) HEX ADDRESS: 0Xn8, 0X02  
FUNCTION  
TYPE  
DEFAULT  
DESCRIPTION-OPERATION  
These eight Reset Upon Read bits along with PMON E1 Receive Framing  
Alignment Bit Error Counter- LSB, provides a 12-bit representation of the  
number of Framing Alignment errors that have been detected by Receive E1  
Framer number n since the last read of these registers.  
Framing Alignment Error  
Count - High Byte  
7-0  
RUR  
0
This register contains the upper 8bits within this 12-bit expression.  
TABLE 12: PMON T1/E1 RECEIVE FRAMING ALIGNMENT BIT ERROR COUNTER  
REGISTER 306  
PMON RECEIVE FRAMING ALIGNMENT BIT ERROR COUNTER (RFAB-ECMSB) HEX ADDRESS: 0Xn8, 0X03  
BIT  
FUNCTION  
TYPE  
DEFAULT  
DESCRIPTION-OPERATION  
7-4 Unused  
R/O  
0
These four Reset Upon Read bits along with PMON E1 Receive Framing  
Alignment Bit Error Counter- MSB, provides 12-bit representation of the  
number of Framing Alignment errors that have been detected by Receive E1  
Framer Block since the last read of these register.  
Framing Alignment Error  
Count - Low Byte  
3-0  
RUR  
0
This register contains the lowest four bits within this 12-bit expression  
175  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
TABLE 13: PMON T1/E1 RECEIVE SEVERELY ERRORED FRAME COUNTER  
PMON RECEIVE SEVERELY ERRORED FRAME COUNTER (RSEFC) HEX ADDRESS: 0Xn8, 0X04  
REGISTER 307  
BIT  
FUNCTION  
TYPE  
DEFAULT  
DESCRIPTION-OPERATION  
Severely Errored 8-bit frame accumulation Counter  
Severely Errored Frame  
Count  
Note: A severely errored frame event is defined as the occurrence of  
two consecutive errored frame alignment signals that are not responsi-  
ble for loss of frame alignment.  
7-0  
RUR  
0
TABLE 14: PMON T1/E1 RECEIVE CRC-4 BLOCK ERROR COUNTER - MSB  
REGISTER 308 PMON RECEIVE SYNCHRONIZATION BIT BLOCK ERROR COUNTER (RSBBECMSB) HEX ADDRESS: 0Xn8,  
0X05  
BIT  
FUNCTION  
TYPE  
DEFAULT  
DESCRIPTION-OPERATION  
These eight Reset Upon Read bits along with PMON E1 Receive CRC-4  
Block Error Counter - LSB, provides a 10-bit representation of the number of  
CRC-4 Block errors detected by Receive E1 Framer Block since the last read  
of these registers.  
CRC-4 Block Error Count -  
High Byte  
7-0  
RUR  
0
This register contains the upper eight bits of this 10 bit expression  
TABLE 15: PMON T1/E1 RECEIVE CRC-4 BLOCK ERROR COUNTER - LSB  
REGISTER 309 PMON RECEIVE SYNCHRONIZATION BIT BLOCK ERROR COUNTER (RSBBECLSB) HEX ADDRESS: 0Xn8,  
0X06  
BIT  
FUNCTION  
TYPE  
DEFAULT  
DESCRIPTION-OPERATION  
7-2 Unused  
RO  
0
These two Reset upon Read bits along with PMON E1 Receive CRC-4 Block  
Error Counter - MSB, provides a 10-bit representation of the number of CRC-  
4 Block errors that have been detected by a Receive E1 Framer Block since  
the last read of these registers.  
This register contains the lower two bits within this 10 bit expression.  
Note: Counter contains the 10-bit synchronization bit error event. A synchro-  
nization bit error event is defined as a CRC-4 error received. Counter is dis-  
abled during loss of sync at either the Frame/FAS or ESF/CRC4 level, but it  
will not be disabled if loss of multiframe sync occurs at the CAS level.  
CRC-4 Block Error Count -  
Low Byte  
1-0  
RUR  
0
TABLE 16: PMON T1/E1 RECEIVE FAR-END BLOCK ERROR COUNTER - MSB  
PMON RECEIVE FAR-END BLOCK ERROR COUNTER (E1RFEBECMSB) HEX ADDRESS: 0Xn8, 0X07  
REGISTER 310  
BIT  
FUNCTION  
TYPE  
DEFAULT  
DESCRIPTION-OPERATION  
These eight Reset Upon Read bits along with PMON E1 Receive Far-End  
Block Error Counter - LSB, provides a 10-bit representation of the number of  
Far End Block Error events that have been detected by the Receive E1  
Framer Block since the last read of these registers.  
Far-End Block Error Count  
- High Byte  
7-0  
RUR  
0
This register contains the upper eight bits within this 10 bit expression.  
176  
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OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
TABLE 17: PMON T1/E1 RECEIVE FAR END BLOCK ERROR COUNTER  
REGISTER 311  
PMON RECEIVE FAR END BLOCK ERROR COUNTER (RFEBECLSB)  
HEX ADDRESS: 0Xn8, 0X08  
BIT  
FUNCTION  
TYPE  
DEFAULT  
DESCRIPTION-OPERATION  
7-2 Unused  
RO  
0
These two Reset Upon Read bits along with PMON E1 Receive Far-End  
Block Error Counter - MSB, provides a 10-bit representation of the number of  
Far End Block Error events that have been detected by the Receive E1  
Framer Block since the last read of these registers.  
Far-End Block Error Count  
-Low Byte  
This register contains the lower two bits within this 10 bit expression.  
Note: Counter contains the 10-bit far-end block error event. Counter  
will increment once each time the received E-bit is set to zero. The  
counter is disabled during loss of sync at either the FAS or CRC-4 level  
and it will continue to count if loss of multiframe sync occurs at the  
CAS level.  
1-0  
RUR  
0
TABLE 18: PMON T1/E1 RECEIVE SLIP COUNTER  
PMON RECEIVE SLIP COUNTER (RSC)  
REGISTER 312  
BIT  
HEX ADDRESS: 0Xn8, 0X09  
FUNCTION  
TYPE  
DEFAULT  
DESCRIPTION-OPERATION  
Note: counter contains the 8-bit receive buffer slip event. A slip event is  
defined as a replication or deletion of a T1/E1 frame by the receiving slip  
buffer.  
7-0 Slip Count  
RUR  
0
Note: A 12 bit counter which counts the occurrence of a bipolar viola-  
tion on the receive data line. This counter is of sufficient length so that  
the probability of counter saturation over a one second interval at a 10 -  
3-Bit Error Rate (BER) is less than 0.001%.  
TABLE 19: PMON T1/E1 RECEIVE LOSS OF FRAME COUNTER  
PMON RECEIVE LOSS OF FRAME COUNTER (RLFC)  
REGISTER 313  
HEX ADDRESS: 0Xn8, 0X0A  
BIT  
FUNCTION  
TYPE  
DEFAULT  
DESCRIPTION-OPERATION  
Note: LOFC is a count of the number of times a "Loss Of FAS Frame"  
has been declared. This counter provides the capability to measure an  
accumulation of short failure events.  
7-0 Loss of Frame Counts  
RUR  
0
177  
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XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
TABLE 20: PMON T1/E1 RECEIVE CHANGE OF FRAME ALIGNMENT COUNTER  
PMON RECEIVE CHANGE OF FRAME ALIGNMENT COUNTER (RCFAC) HEX ADDRESS: 0Xn8, 0X0B  
REGISTER 314  
BIT  
FUNCTION  
TYPE  
DEFAULT  
DESCRIPTION-OPERATION  
Change of Frame Alignment Accumulation counter.  
Note: COFA is declared when the newly-locked framing is different from  
the one offered by off-line framer.  
7-0 COFA Count  
RUR  
0
TABLE 21: PMON LAPD T1/E1 FRAME CHECK SEQUENCE ERROR COUNTER  
PMON LAPD FRAME CHECK SEQUENCE ERROR COUNTER (FCSEC) HEX ADDRESS: 0Xn8, 0X0C  
REGISTER 315  
BIT  
FUNCTION  
TYPE  
DEFAULT  
DESCRIPTION-OPERATION  
Frame Check Sequence error Accumulation Counter.  
7-0 FCS Error Count  
RUR  
0
Note: Counter accumulates the times of occurrence of receive frame  
check sequence error detected by LAPD controller.  
TABLE 22: T1/E1 PRBS BIT ERROR COUNTER MSB  
T1/E1 PRBS BIT ERROR COUNTER MSB  
REGISTER 316  
HEX ADDRESS: 0Xn8, 0X0D  
BIT  
7
FUNCTION  
TYPE  
RUR  
RUR  
RUR  
RUR  
RUR  
RUR  
RUR  
RUR  
DEFAULT  
DESCRIPTION-OPERATION  
PRBSE[15]  
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Most significant bits of PRBS bit error Accumulation counter  
6
PRBSE[14]  
PRBSE[13]  
PRBSE[12]  
PRBSE[11]  
PRBSE[10]  
PRBSE[9]  
PRBSE[8]  
5
4
3
2
1
0
178  
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OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
TABLE 23: T1/E1 PRBS BIT ERROR COUNTER LSB  
T1/E1 PRBS BIT ERROR COUNTER LSB  
REGISTER 317  
HEX ADDRESS: 0Xn8, 0X0E  
BIT  
7
FUNCTION  
TYPE  
RUR  
RUR  
RUR  
RUR  
RUR  
RUR  
RUR  
RUR  
DEFAULT  
DESCRIPTION-OPERATION  
PRBSE[7]  
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Least significant byte of PRBS bit error accumulation counter.  
6
PRBSE[6]  
PRBSE[5]  
PRBSE[4]  
PRBSE[3]  
PRBSE[2]  
PRBSE[1]  
PRBSE[0]  
5
4
3
2
1
0
TABLE 24: T1/E1 TRANSMIT SLIP COUNTER  
T1/E1 TRANSMIT SLIP COUNTER (T1/E1TSC)  
REGISTER 318  
BIT  
HEX ADDRESS: 0Xn8, 0X0F  
FUNCTION  
TYPE  
RUR  
RUR  
RUR  
RUR  
RUR  
RUR  
RUR  
RUR  
DEFAULT  
DESCRIPTION-OPERATION  
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
TxSLIP[7]  
TxSLIP[6]  
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Slip accumulation counter.  
TxSLIP[5]  
TxSLIP[4]  
TxSLIP[3]  
TxSLIP[2]  
TxSLIP[1]  
TxSLIP[0]  
179  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
1.7 THE INTERRUPT STRUCTURE WITHIN THE FRAMER  
The XRT84L38 Framer is equipped with a sophisticated Interrupt Servicing Structure. This Interrupt Structure  
includes an Interrupt Request output pin INT, numerous Interrupt Enable Registers and numerous Interrupt  
Status Registers.  
The Interrupt Servicing Structure, within the XRT84L38 Framer contains three levels of hierarchy:  
The Framer Level  
The Block Level  
The Source Level.  
The Framer Interrupt Structure has been carefully designed to allow the user to quickly determine the exact  
source of this interrupt (with minimal latency) which will aid the µC/µP in determining the which interrupt ser-  
vice routine to call up in order to eliminate or properly respond to the condition(s) causing the interrupt.  
The XRT84L38 Framer comes equipped with registers to support the servicing of this wide array of potential  
"interrupt request" sources. Table 25 lists the possible conditions that can generate interrupts.  
TABLE 25: LIST OF THE POSSIBLE CONDITIONS THAT CAN GENERATE INTERRUPTS, IN EACH FRAMER  
INTERRUPT BLOCK  
Framer Level  
INTERRUPTING CONDITION  
Loss of RxLineClk Signal· One Second Interrupt  
HDLC Controller Block  
Transmit HDLC - Start of Transmission  
Receive HDLC - Start of Reception  
Transmit HDLC - End of Transmission  
Receive HDLC - End of Reception  
FCS Error  
Receipt of Abort Sequence  
Receipt of Idle Sequence  
Slip Buffer Block  
Slip Buffer Full  
Slip Buffer Empty  
Slip Buffer - Slip  
Alarm & Error Block  
Receipt of CAS Multi-frame Yellow Alarm  
Detection of Loss of Signal Condition  
Detection of Line Code Violation  
Change in Receive Loss of Framer Condition  
Change in Receive AIS Condition  
Receipt of FAS Frame Yellow Alarm  
T1/E1 Frame Block  
Change in CAS Multi-Frame Alignment  
Change in National Bits· Change in CAS Signaling Bits  
Change in FAS Frame Alignment· Change in the "In Frame" Condition  
Detection of "Frame Mimicking Data"  
Detection of Sync (CRC-4/CRC-6) Errors  
Detection of Framing Bit Errors  
General Flow of Interrupt Servicing  
When any of the conditions presented in Table 25 occur, (if their Interrupt is enabled), then the Framer gener-  
ates an interrupt request to the µP/µC by asserting the active-low interrupt request output pin, INT. Shortly after  
the local µC/µP has detected the activated INT signal, it will enter into the appropriate user-supplied interrupt  
service routine. The first task for the µP/µC, while running this interrupt service routine, may be to isolate the  
source of the interrupt request down to the device level (e.g, the Framer IC), if multiple peripheral ICs exist in  
the user's system. However, once the interrupting peripheral device has been identified, the next task for the  
µP/µC is to determine exactly what feature of functional section within the device requested the interrupt.  
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Determine the Framer(s) Requesting the Interrupt  
If the interrupting device turns out to be the Framer, then the µP/µC must determine which of the eight framer  
channels requested the interrupt. Hence, upon reaching this state, one of the very first things that the µP/µC  
must do within the user Framer interrupt service routine, is to perform a read of each of the Block Interrupt Sta-  
tus Registers within all of the Framer channels that have been enabled for Interrupt Generation via their re-  
spective Interrupt Control Registers.  
Table 26 lists the Indirect Address for the Block Interrupt Status Registers associated with each of the Framer  
channels within the Framer.  
TABLE 26: ADDRESS OF THE BLOCK INTERRUPT  
STATUS REGISTERS  
FRAMER  
NUMBER  
ADDRESS OF BLOCK INTERRUPT STATUS  
REGISTER  
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
0x0A, 0x02  
0x1A, 0x02  
0x2A, 0x02  
0x3A, 0x02  
0x4A, 0x02  
0x5A, 0x02  
0x6A, 0x02  
0x7A, 0x02  
The bit-format of each of these Block Interrupt Status Registers is listed below.  
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TABLE 27: BLOCK INTERRUPT STATUS REGISTER  
BLOCK INTERRUPT STATUS REGISTER (BISR)  
REGISTER 319  
HEX ADDRESS: 0XnA, 0X00  
BIT  
FUNCTION  
TYPE  
DEFAULT  
DESCRIPTION-OPERATION  
Sa6 Interrupt Status  
7
Sa6  
RO  
0
Loopback Code Interrupt  
7-6 LBCODE  
RO  
0
RxClk Los Interrupt Status  
Indicates if Framer n has experienced a Loss of Recovered Clock interrupt  
since last read of this register.  
5
4
RxClkLOS  
ONESEC  
RUR  
0
0 = Loss of Recovered Clock interrupt has not occurred since last read of this  
register  
1 = Loss of Recovered Clock interrupt has occurred since last read of this  
register.  
One Second Interrupt Status  
Indicates if the XRT84L38 has experienced a One Second interrupt since the  
last read of this register.  
0 = No outstanding One Second interrupts awaiting service  
1 = Outstanding One Second interrupt awaits service  
RUR  
0
0
HDLC Block Interrupt Status  
Indicates if the HDLC block has an interrupt request awaiting service.  
0 = No outstanding interrupt requests awaiting service  
1 = HDLC Block has an interrupt request awaiting service. Interrupt Service  
routine should branch to and read Data LInk Status Register (address  
xA,06).  
3
HDLC  
RO  
NOTE: This bit-field will be reset to 0 after the microprocessor has  
performed a read to the Data Link Status Register.  
Slip Buffer Block Interrupt Status  
Indicates if the Slip Buffer block has any outstanding interrupt requests  
awaiting service.  
0 = No outstanding interrupts awaiting service  
1 = Slip Buffer block has an interrupt awaiting service. Interrupt Service rou-  
tine should branch to and read Slip Buffer Interrupt Status register (address  
0xXA,0x09.  
2
SLIP  
RO  
0
NOTE: This bit-field will be reset to 0 after the microprocessor has  
performed a read of the Slip Buffer Interrupt Status Register.  
Alarm & Error Block Interrupt Status  
Indicates if the Alarm & Error Block has any outstanding interrupts that are  
awaiting service.  
0 = No outstanding interrupts awaiting service  
1 = Alarm & Error Block has an interrupt awaiting service. Interrupt SerSta-  
tus Register (address xA,02)  
1
0
ALARM  
RO  
RO  
0
0
NOTE: This bit-field will be reset to 0 after the microprocessor has  
performed a read of the Alarm & Error Interrupt Status register.  
T1/E1 Framer Block Interrupt Status  
Indicates if an T1/E1 Frame Status interrupt request is awaiting service.  
0 = No T1/E1 Frame Status interrupt is pending  
T1/E1 FRAME  
1 = T1/E1 Framer Status interrupt is awaiting service.  
For a given Framer, the Block Interrupt Status Register presents the Interrupt Request status of each Interrupt  
Block within the Framer. The Block Interrupt Status Register helps the µP/µC identify which Interrupt Block(s)  
have requested the interrupt. Whichever bit(s) are asserted in this register identifies which block(s) have expe-  
rienced an interrupt generating condition, as presented in Table 27. Once the µP/µC has read this register, it  
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can determine which branch within the interrupt service routine that it must follow in order to properly service  
this interrupt.  
The Framer IC further supports the Interrupt Block Hierarchy by providing the Block Interrupt Enable Register.  
The bit-format of this register is identical to that for the Block Interrupt Status Register and is presented below.  
TABLE 28: BLOCK INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER  
REGISTER 320  
BIT  
BLOCK INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER (BIER)  
HEX ADDRESS: 0XnA, 0X01  
FUNCTION  
TYPE  
R/W  
R/W  
DEFAULT  
DESCRIPTION-OPERATION  
7
6
SA6_ENB  
LBCODE_ENB  
0
0
SA6 interrupt enable  
Loopback code interrupt enable  
RXCLKLOSS  
ONESEC_ENB  
HDLC_ENB  
RxLineClk Loss Interrupt Enable  
0 = Disables interrupt  
1 = Enables interrupt  
5
4
3
2
1
0
R/W  
R/W  
R/W  
R/W  
R/W  
R/W  
0
0
0
0
0
0
One Second Interrupt Enable  
0 = Disables interrupt  
1 = Enables Interrupt  
HDLC Block Interrupt Enable  
0 = Disables all HDLC Block interrupts  
1 = Enables HDLC Block (for interrupt generation) at the block level  
SLIP_ENB  
Slip Buffer Block Interrupt Enable  
0 = Disables all Slip Buffer Block Interrupts  
1 = Enables Slip Buffer Block at the block level  
ALARM_ENB  
T1/E1FRAME_ENB  
Alarm & Error Block Interrupt Enable  
0 = Disables all Alarm & Error Block interrupts  
1 = Enables Alarm & Error block at the block level  
T1/E1 Frame Block Enable  
0 = Disables all Frame Block interrupts  
1 = Enables the Frame Block at the block level  
The Block Interrupt Enable Register permits the user to individually enable or disable the interrupt requesting  
capability of each of the "interrupt blocks" within the Framer. If a particular bit-field, within this register contains  
the value "0"; then the corresponding functional block has been disabled from generating any interrupt re-  
quests.  
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1.7.1 Configuring the Interrupt System, at the Framer Level  
The XRT84L38 Framer IC permits the user to enable or disable each of the eight Framers for interrupt genera-  
tion. Further, the chip permits the user to make the following configuration selection.  
1. Whether the source-level Interrupt Status bits are Reset-upon-Read or Write-to-Clear.  
2. Whether or not an activated interrupt is automatically cleared.  
1.7.1.1 Enabling/Disabling the Framer for Interrupt Generation  
Each of the eight (8) Framers of the XRT84L38 Framer can be enabled or disabled for interrupt generation.  
This selection is made by writing the appropriate “0” or “1” to bit 0 (INTRUP_EN) of the Interrupt Control Regis-  
ter corresponding to that framer, (see Table 29).  
NOTE: Setting this bit-field to "1" does not enable all of the interrupts within the Framer. A given interrupt must also be  
enabled at the block and source-level before it is enabled for interrupt generation.  
TABLE 29: INTERRUPT CONTROL REGISTER  
REGISTER 26  
INTERRUPT CONTROL REGISTER (ICR)  
HEX ADDRESS: 0Xn0, 0X1A  
BIT  
MODE  
FUNCTION  
TYPE  
DEFAULT  
DESCRIPTION-OPERATION  
7-3  
Unused  
RO  
0
Interrupt Write-to-Clear or Reset-upon-Read Select  
Configures Interrupt Status bits to either RUR or Write-to-Clear  
0=Interrupt Status bit RUR  
1=Interrupt Status bit Write-to-Clear  
2
1
0
INT_WC_RUR  
ENBCLR  
R/W  
R/W  
R/W  
0
0
0
Interrupt Enable Auto Clear  
0=Interrupt Enable bits are not cleared after status reading  
1=Interrupt Enable bits are cleared after status reading  
Interrupt Enable for Framer_n  
Enables Framer n for Interrupt Generation.  
0 = Disables corresponding framer block for Interrupt Generation  
1 = Enables corresponding framer block for Interrupt Generation  
INTRUP_ENB  
1.7.1.2 Configuring the Interrupt Status Bits within a given Framer to be Reset-upon-Read or Write-  
to-Clear.  
The XRT84L38 Source-Level Interrupt Status Register bits can be configured to be either Reset-upon-Read or  
Write-to-Clear. If the user configures the Interrupt Status Registers to be Reset-upon-Read, then when the µP/  
µC is reading the interrupt status register, the following happens:  
1. The contents of the Source-Level Interrupt Status Register automatically is reset to “0x00" following the  
read operation.  
2. The Interrupt Request Output pin (INT) automatically toggles false, or "High", upon reading the Interrupt  
Status Register containing the last activated interrupt status bit.  
If the user configures the Interrupt Status Registers to be Write-to-Clear, then when the µP/µC is reading the  
interrupt status register, the following happens.  
1. The contents of the Source-Level Interrupt Status Register is not cleared to "0x00" following the read oper-  
ation. The µP/µC has to write 0x00 to the interrupt status register in order to reset the contents of the reg-  
ister to 0x00.  
2. Reading the Interrupt Status Register, which contains the activated bit(s) does not cause the Interrupt  
Request Output pin (INT) to toggle false. The Interrupt Request Output pin does not toggle false until the  
µP/µC has written 0x00 into this register. The Interrupt Service Routine must include this write operation.  
The Interrupt Status Register associated with a given framer can be configured to be either Reset-upon-Read  
or Write-to-Clear by writing the appropriate value into Bit 2 within the Interrupt Control Register (see Table 29).  
1.7.1.3 Automatic Reset of Interrupt Enable Bits  
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Occasionally, the user's system which includes the Framer, may experience a fault condition, such that a Fram-  
er Interrupt Condition continuously exists. If this particular interrupt has been enabled, then the Framer will  
generate an interrupt request to the µP/µC. Afterwards, the µP/µC attempts to service this interrupt by reading  
the appropriate Block-level and Source-Level Interrupt Status Register. Additionally, the local µP/µC attempts  
to perform some system-related tasks in order to try to resolve these conditions causing the interrupt. After the  
local µC/µP has attempted all of these things, the Framer negates the INT output pin. However, because this  
system fault still remains, the condition causing the Framer to issue this interrupt also exists. Consequently, the  
Framer generates another interrupt request which forces the µP/µC to once again attempt to service this inter-  
rupt. This results in the local µP/µC being tied up in a continuous cycle of executing this one interrupt service  
routine. Consequently, the µP/µC, along with portions of the overall system, now becomes non-functional.  
To prevent this from occurring, the Framer can be configured to automatically reset the interrupt enable bits fol-  
lowing their activation by writing the appropriate value to bit 1 of the Interrupt Control Register (see Table 29).  
Writing a "1" to this bit-field configures the Framer to reset a given interrupt following activation. Writing a "0" to  
this bit-field configures the Framer to leave the interrupt enabled, following its activation.  
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2.0 THE E1 FRAMING STRUCTURE  
2.1 THE SINGLE E1 FRAME  
A single E1 frame consists of 256 bits which is created 8000 times a second; thereby yielding a bit-rate of  
2.048Mbps. The 256 bits within each E1 frame is grouped into 32 octets or timeslots. These timeslots are num-  
bered from 0 to 31. Figure 17 presents a diagram of a single E1 frame.  
FIGURE 17. SINGLE E1 FRAME DIAGRAM  
E1 Frame  
Timeslot 0  
Timeslot 1  
Timeslot 29  
Timeslot 30  
Timeslot 31  
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
A single E1 frame consists of 32 timeslots. However, not all of these timeslots are available to transmit voice or user  
data. For instance, timeslot 0 is always reserved for system use and timeslot 16 is sometimes used (reserved) by  
the system. Hence, within each E1 frame, either 30 or 31 of the 32 timeslots are available for transporting user  
or voice data.  
TIMESLOT 0  
In general, there are two types of E1 frames.  
FAS (Frame Alignment Signaling) frames  
non-FAS frames  
In any E1 data stream, the E1 frame type alternates between the FAS and non-FAS frames.  
The timeslot 0 octet within the FAS E1 frame contains a framing alignment pattern and therefore supports  
framing. The timeslot 0 octet within the non-FAS E1 frame contains bits that support signaling or data link mes-  
sage transmission.  
TIMESLOT 0 OCTETS WITHIN FAS FRAMES  
The bit-format of a timeslot 0 octet within a FAS frame is presented in Table 30.  
TABLE 30: BIT FORMAT OF TIMESLOT 0 OCTET WITHIN A FAS E1 FRAME  
BIT  
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Value  
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
SI  
Function  
Frame Alignment Signaling (FAS) Pattern  
International Bit  
The fixed framing pattern (e.g., 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1) is  
used by the Receive E1 Framer at the Remote terminal of a CRC-4 calculation, which is discussed in greater detail in  
for frame synchronization/alignment purposes. Section 2.2.1.  
In practice, the Si bit within the FAS E1 Frame carries the results  
DESCRIPTION-  
OPERATION  
The table above indicates that the FAS frame timeslot 0 octet consists of a single International Bit within bit-  
field 0, Si, followed by a fixed 7-bit pattern within bit-fields 1 through 7.  
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BIT 0—SI (INTERNATIONAL BIT)  
The Si bit within the FAS E1 Frame typically carries the results of a CRC-4 calculation, which is discussed in  
greater detail in Section 2.2.1. The fixed framing pattern (e.g., 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1) will be used by the Receive E1  
Framer at the Remote terminal for frame synchronization/alignment purposes. Section discusses how the Re-  
ceive E1 Framer uses these bits.  
Timeslot 0 octets within non-FAS frames  
The bit-format of a timeslot 0 octet within a non-FAS frame is presented in Table 31.  
TABLE 31: BIT FORMAT OF TIMESLOT 0 OCTET WITHIN A NON-FAS E1 FRAME  
BIT  
7
6
5
4
3
2
A
1
0
Si  
Value  
Sa8 Sa7 Sa6 Sa5 Sa4  
National bits  
1
Function6  
Yellow Alarm  
Fixed Value  
International Bit  
Description- National Bits  
Operation These bit-fields can be used This bit-field is used to transmit Bit-field “1” contains a  
to carry data link information a Yellow alarm to the Remote fixed value “1”. This bit-  
Terminal. This bit-field is set to field will be used for FAS  
“0” during normal conditions, framing synchronization/  
FAS Frame Yellow Alarm Bit Fixed at “1”  
International Bit  
The Si bit within the non-FAS  
E1 Frame typically carries a  
specific value that will be  
used by the Receive E1  
from the Local transmitting  
terminal to the Remote  
receiving terminal. Since the and is set to “1” whenever the  
National bits only exist in the Receive E1 Framer detects an Remote Receive E1  
alignment purposes by the Framer for CRC Multi-frame  
alignment purposes.  
non-FAS frames, they offer a LOS (Loss of Signal) or LOF  
maximum signaling data link (Loss of Framing) condition in  
Framer.  
bandwidth of 20kbps.  
the incoming E1 frame data.  
The table above indicates the non-FAS frame timeslot 0 octet consists of a single international bit, Si, within bit-  
field 0.  
BIT 0—SI (INTERNATIONAL BIT)  
The Si bit, within the non-FAS E1 Frame carries a specific value that will be used by the Receive E1 Framer, for  
CRC Multi-frame alignment purposes. Section 7 discusses the exact role of the Si bit-field within the non-FAS  
frames.  
BIT 1—FIXED AT “1”  
Bit-field “1” contains a fixed value “1”. This bit-field will be used for FAS framing synchronization/alignment pur-  
poses by the Remote Receive E1 Framer. Section _ discusses how the Receive E1 Framer uses this bit-field.  
BIT 2—A (FAS FRAME YELLOW ALARM BIT)  
This bit-field is used to transmit a Yellow alarm to the Remote Terminal. This bit-field is set to “0” during normal  
conditions, and is set to “1” whenever the Receive E1 Framer detects an LOS (Loss of Signal) or LOF (Loss of  
Framing) condition in the incoming E1 frame data.  
BIT 3 THROUGH 7—SA4–SA8 (NATIONAL BITS)  
These bit-fields can be used to carry data link information from the Local transmitting terminal to the Remote  
receiving terminal. Since the National bits only exist in the non-FAS frames, they offer a maximum signaling da-  
ta link bandwidth of 20kbps.  
2.2 THE E1 MULTI-FRAME STRUCTURES  
The 84L38 Octal Framer supports two kinds of E1 Multi-frame structures:  
CRC Multi-frame  
CAS Multi-frame  
2.2.1 The CRC Multi-frame Structure  
A CRC Multi-frame consists of 16 consecutive E1 frames, with the first of these frames being a FAS frame.  
From a Frame Alignment point of view, the timeslot 0 octets of each of these E1 frames within the Multi-frame  
are the most important 16 octets. Table 32 presents the bit-format for all timeslot 0 octets within a 16 frame  
CRC Multi-frame.  
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TABLE 32: BIT FORMAT OF ALL TIMESLOT 0 OCTETS WITHIN A CRC MULTI-FRAME  
FRAME  
NUMBER  
SMF  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
1
0
1
C1  
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
A
0
1
Sa4  
1
1
Sa5  
1
0
Sa6  
0
1
Sa7  
1
1
Sa8  
1
2
C2  
0
3
A
0
Sa4  
1
Sa5  
1
Sa6  
0
Sa7  
1
Sa8  
1
4
C3  
1
5
A
0
Sa4  
1
Sa5  
1
Sa6  
0
Sa7  
1
Sa8  
1
6
C4  
0
7
A
0
Sa4  
1
Sa5  
1
Sa6  
0
Sa7  
1
Sa8  
1
2
8
C1  
1
9
A
0
Sa4  
1
Sa5  
1
Sa6  
0
Sa7  
1
Sa8  
1
10  
11  
12  
13  
14  
15  
C2  
1
A
0
Sa4  
1
Sa5  
1
Sa6  
0
Sa7  
1
Sa8  
1
C3  
E
A
0
Sa4  
1
Sa5  
1
Sa6  
0
Sa7  
1
Sa8  
1
C4  
E
A
Sa4  
Sa5  
Sa6  
Sa7  
Sa8  
Table 32 has the CRC Multi-frame divided into 2 sub Multi-Frames. Sub-Multi-Frame 1 is designated as SMF1  
and Sub-Multi-Frame 2 is designated as SMF2.  
SMF1 consists of E1 frames 0 through 7 consisting of 4 FAS frames and 4 non-FAS frames.  
There are two interesting things to note in Table 32. First, all of the bit-field 0 positions within each of the FAS  
frames are designated as C1, C2, C3 and C4. These four bit-fields contain the CRC-4 values which has been  
computed over the previous SMF. Hence, while the Transmit E1 Framer is assembling a given SMF, it com-  
putes the CRC-4 value for that SMF and inserts these results into the C1 through C4 bit-fields within the very  
next SMF. These CRC-4 values ultimately are used by the Remote Receive E3 Framer for error-detection pur-  
poses.  
NOTE: This framing structure is referred to as a CRC Multi-Frame because it permits the remote receiving terminal to locate  
and verify the CRC-4 bit-fields.  
The second interesting thing to note regarding Table 32 is that the bit-field 0 positions within each of the non-  
FAS frames are of a fixed six (6) bit pattern: 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1; along with two bits, each designated at “E”. This six  
bit pattern is referred to as the CRC Multi-Frame alignment pattern. This six-bit pattern will ultimately be used  
by the Remote Receive E1 Framer for CRC Multi-Frame synchronization/alignment. Section discusses how  
the Receive E1 Framer uses this 6-bit CRC Multi-frame alignment pattern for frame synchronization/alignment.  
The "E" bits are used to indicate that the Local Receive E1 framer has detected errored sub-Multi-Frames.  
2.2.2 CAS Multi-Frames and Channel Associated Signaling  
CAS Multi-Frames are only relevant if the user is using CAS or Channel Associated Signaling. If the user is im-  
plementing Common Channel Signaling then the CAS Multi-Frame is not available. The exact role of CAS  
Multi-Frames is discussed in some detail in the next section.  
2.2.2.1 Channel Associated Signaling  
If the user operates an E1 channel in Channel Associated Signaling (CAS) mode, then the timeslot 16 octets  
within each E1 frame will be reserved for signaling. Such signaling would convey information such as On-Hook,  
Off-Hook conditions, call set-up, control, etc. In CAS, this type of signaling data that is associated with a partic-  
ular voice channel will be carried within timeslot 16 of a particular E1 frame within a CAS Multi-Frame.  
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The CAS is carried in a Multi-Frame structure which consists of 16 consecutive E1 frames. The framing/byte  
format of a CAS Multi-Frame is presented in Figure 18.  
FIGURE 18. FRAME/BYTE FORMAT OF THE CAS MULTI-FRAME STRUCTURE  
A Single CAS Multiframe  
Timeslot 16  
Frame 0  
Timeslot 16  
Frame 1  
Timeslot 16  
Frame 2  
Timeslot 16  
Frame 15  
ABCD  
ABCD  
ABCD  
xyxx  
ABCD  
ABCD ABCD  
0000  
Signaling Data  
Associated with  
Timeslot 15  
Signaling Data  
Associated with  
Timeslot 2  
Signaling Data  
Associated with  
Timeslot 1  
CAS Multiframe  
Alignment Pattern  
Signaling Data  
Associated with  
Timeslot 31  
Signaling Data  
Associated with  
Timeslot 17  
Signaling Data  
Associated with  
Timeslot 18  
x = “dummy bits”  
y = Carries the Multiframe “Yellow Alarm” bit  
Figure 18 indicates that timeslot 16 within Frame 1 of the CAS Multi-Frame, contains 4 bits of signaling data for  
voice channel 1 and 4 bits of signaling data for voice channel 17. Likewise, timeslot 16 within Frame 2 contains  
4 bits of signaling data for voice channel 2 and 4 bits of signaling data for voice channel 18; and so on.  
Timeslot 16 within frame 0 is a special octet that is used for two purposes.  
1. To convey CAS Multi-Frame alignment information, and  
2. To convey Multi-Frame alarm information to the Remote Terminal.  
The bit-format of timeslot 16 within frame 0 of a CAS Multi-Frame is 0000 xyxx.  
The upper nibble of this octet contains all zeros and is used to identify itself as the CAS Multi-Frame alignment  
signal. If CAS is used, then the user is advised to insure that none of the other timeslot 16 octets contain the  
value "0000". The lower nibble of this octet contains the expression "xyxx". In this case, the x-bits are the spare  
bits and should be set to "0" if not used. The y-bit is used to indicate a Multi-Frame alarm condition to the Re-  
mote terminal. During normal operation, this bit-field is cleared to "0". However, if the Local Receive E1 Framer  
detects a problem with the incoming Multi-Frames, then the Local Transmit E1 Framer will set this bit-field with-  
in the next outbound CAS Multi-Frame to "1".  
NOTE: The Local Transmit E1 Framer will continue to set the y-bit to "1" for the duration that the Local Receive E1 Framer  
detects this problem.  
2.2.2.2 Common Channel Signaling (CCS)  
Common Channel Signaling is an alternative form of signaling from Channel Associated Signaling. In CCS,  
whatever signaling data which is transported via the outbound E1 data stream, carries information that applies  
to all of the voice channels as a set (e.g., timeslots 1 through 15 and 17 through 31) in the E1 frame. There are  
numerous other variations of Common Channel Signaling that are available. Some of these are listed below.  
31 Voice Channels with the common channel signaling being transported via the National Bits.  
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30 Voice Channels with the common channel signaling data being transported via the National Bits and CAS  
data being transported via timeslot 16.  
30 Voice Channels with the Common Channel Signaling being processed via timeslot 16. (e.g., Primary Rate  
ISDN Signaling).  
A more detailed discussion of these forms of Common Channel signaling are discussed in Section 10.0.  
FIGURE 19. E1 FRAME FORMAT  
Time Slot 0  
Time Slot 16  
Time Slots 1-15, 17-31  
a. Even Frames 0, 2, 4-14  
a. Frame 0  
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
X
A
Y
B
X
C
X
D
Channel Data  
FAS  
MAS  
b. Frames 1-15  
b. Odd Frames 1, 3, 5-15  
8 Bits/  
Time Slot  
1
1
A
N
N
N
N
N
A
B
C
D
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
TS  
0
TS  
1
TS  
2
TS  
3 - 14  
TS  
15  
TS  
16  
TS  
17  
TS  
18 - 28  
TS  
29  
TS  
30  
TS  
31  
32 Time Slots/Frame  
16 Frames/  
Multiframe  
FR  
0
FR  
1
FR  
2
FR  
3
FR  
4
FR  
5
FR  
6
FR  
7
FR  
8
FR  
9
FR  
10  
FR  
11  
FR  
12  
FR  
13  
FR  
14  
FR  
15  
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OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
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3.0 THE DS1 FRAMING STRUCTURE  
A single T1 frame is 193 bits long and is transmitted at a frame rate of 8000Hz. This results in an aggregate bit  
rate of 193 bits X 8000/sec = 1.544 Mbits/sec. Basic frames are divided into 24 timeslots numbered 1 thru 24  
and a framing bit, see Figure 20. Each timeslot is 8 bits in length and is transmitted most significant bit first,  
numbered bit 0. This results in a single timeslot data rate of 8 bits x 8000/sec = 64 kbits/sec.  
FIGURE 20. T1 FRAME FORMAT  
DS1 Frame  
125µs  
Timeslot  
24  
S
bit  
Timeslot  
1
Timeslots  
2 - 22  
Timeslot  
23  
Timeslot  
24  
S
bit  
Timeslot  
1
(1/1.544)µs  
Bit 0 Bit 1 Bit 2 Bit 3 Bit 4 Bit 5 Bit 6 Bit 7  
(8/1.544)µs  
3.1 T1 SUPER FRAME FORMAT (SF)  
The Superframe Format (SF), is also referred to as the D4 format. The requirement for associated signaling in  
frames 6 and 12 dictates that the frames be distinguishable. This leads to a multiframe structure consisting of  
12 frames per superframe (SF). See Figure 21 and Table 33.  
The SF structure consists of a multiframe of 12 frames. Each frame has 24 timeslots, plus an F-bit and 8 bits  
per timeslot. A timeslot is equivalent to one voice circuit or one 64kb/s data circuit.  
This structure of frames and multiframes is defined by the F-bit pattern. The F-bit is designated alternately as  
an Ft bit (terminal framing bit) or Fs bit (signalling framing bit). The Ft bit carries a pattern of alternating zeros  
and ones (101010) in odd frames that defines the boundaries so that one timeslot may be distinguished from  
another. The Fs bit carries a pattern of (001110) in even frames and defines the multiframe boundaries so that  
one frame may be distinguished from another.  
191  
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OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
FIGURE 21. T1 SUPERFRAME PCM FORMAT  
Signalling  
Information  
Bit 7  
B
During:  
Frame12  
Frame6  
8 Bits per Timeslot  
A
Bit 0 Bit 1 Bit 2 Bit 3 Bit 4 Bit 5 Bit 6 Bit 7  
Ft  
or  
Fs  
24TimeslotsperFrame  
Frame = 193 Bits  
TS  
1
TS  
TS  
TS  
------------------  
-------------------  
13  
24  
2
FR  
FR  
2
FR  
7
FR  
11  
FR  
12  
Multiframe  
SF = 12 Frames  
------------------  
-------------------  
1
TABLE 33: SUPERFRAME FORMAT  
F-BITS BIT USE IN EACH TIMESLOT  
SIGNALLING  
CHANNEL  
FRAME  
BIT  
TERMINAL  
TERMINAL  
TRAFFIC  
SIG  
FRAMING FT  
FRAMING FS  
1
2
0
1
----  
0
----  
0
1-8  
1-8  
1-8  
1-8  
1-8  
1-7  
1-8  
1-8  
1-8  
1-8  
1-8  
1-7  
----  
----  
----  
----  
----  
8
----  
----  
----  
----  
----  
A
193  
386  
3
----  
0
4
579  
----  
1
5
772  
----  
1
6
965  
----  
0
7
1158  
1351  
1544  
1737  
1930  
2123  
----  
1
----  
----  
----  
----  
----  
8
----  
----  
----  
----  
----  
B
8
----  
1
9
----  
1
10  
11  
12  
----  
0
----  
0
----  
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OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
3.2 T1 EXTENDED SUPERFRAME FORMAT  
In Extended Superframe Format (ESF), as shown in Figure 22 and Table 34, the multiframe structure is ex-  
tended to 24 frames. The timeslot structure is identical to D4 (SF) format. Robbed-bit signaling is accommo-  
dated in frame 6 (A-bit), frame 12 (B-bit), frame 18 (C-bit) and frame 24 (D-bit).  
The F-bit pattern of ESF contains three functions:  
1. Framing Pattern Sequence (FPS), which defines the frame and multiframe boundaries.  
2. Facility Data Link (FDL), which allows data such as error-performance to be passed within the T1 link.  
3. Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC), which allows error performance to be monitored and enhances the reli-  
ability of the receiver’s framing algorithm.  
FIGURE 22. T1 EXTENDED SUPERFRAME FORMAT  
SignallingInformation  
Bit 7  
D
During:  
Frame24  
C
B
Frame18  
Frame12  
Frame6  
8 Bits per Timeslot  
A
Bit 0 Bit 1 Bit 2 Bit 3 Bit 4 Bit 5 Bit 6 Bit 7  
CRC  
FDL  
FPS  
24TimeslotsperFrame  
Frame = 193 Bits  
TS  
1
TS  
TS  
TS  
or  
------------------  
-------------------  
13  
24  
2
Fs  
FR  
FR  
2
FR  
13  
FR  
23  
FR  
24  
Multiframe  
ESF = 12 Frames  
------------------  
-------------------  
1
193  
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OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
TABLE 34: EXTENDED SUPERFRAME FORMAT  
BIT USE IN EACH  
F-BITS  
SIGNALLING CHANNEL  
TIMESLOT  
FRAME  
BIT  
FPS  
----  
----  
----  
0
DL  
m
CRC  
----  
C1  
----  
----  
----  
C2  
----  
----  
----  
C3  
----  
----  
----  
C4  
----  
----  
----  
C5  
----  
----  
----  
C6  
----  
----  
TRAFFIC  
1-8  
1-8  
1-8  
1-8  
1-8  
1-7  
1-8  
1-8  
1-8  
1-8  
1-8  
1-7  
1-8  
1-8  
1-8  
1-8  
1-8  
1-7  
1-8  
1-8  
1-8  
1-8  
1-8  
1-7  
SIG  
----  
----  
----  
----  
----  
8
16  
----  
----  
----  
----  
----  
A
4
2
1
2
0
----  
----  
----  
----  
----  
A
----  
----  
----  
----  
----  
A
193  
----  
m
3
386  
4
579  
----  
m
5
772  
----  
----  
----  
0
6
965  
----  
m
7
1158  
1351  
1544  
1737  
1930  
2123  
2316  
2509  
2702  
2895  
3088  
3281  
3474  
3667  
3860  
4053  
4246  
4439  
----  
----  
----  
----  
----  
8
----  
----  
----  
----  
----  
B
----  
----  
----  
----  
----  
B
----  
----  
----  
----  
----  
B
8
----  
m
9
----  
----  
----  
1
10  
11  
12  
13  
14  
15  
16  
17  
18  
19  
20  
21  
22  
23  
----  
m
----  
m
----  
----  
----  
0
----  
----  
----  
----  
----  
8
----  
----  
----  
----  
----  
C
----  
----  
----  
----  
----  
C
----  
----  
----  
----  
----  
A
----  
m
----  
m
----  
----  
----  
1
----  
m
----  
----  
----  
----  
----  
8
----  
----  
----  
----  
----  
D
----  
----  
----  
----  
----  
B
----  
----  
----  
----  
----  
A
----  
m
----  
----  
----  
1
----  
m
24  
----  
NOTES:  
1. FPS indicates the Framing Pattern Sequence (...001011...)  
2. DL indicates the 4kb/s Data Link with message bits m.  
3. CRC indicates the cyclic redundancy check with bits C1 to C6  
4. Signaling options include 16 state, 4 state and 2 state.  
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3.3 SLC 96 FORMAT (SLC)  
SLC framing mode allows synchronization to the SLC®96 data link pattern. This pattern described in the  
Bellcore TR-TSY-000008, contains both signaling information and a framing pattern that overwrites the Fs bit of  
the SF framer pattern. See Table 35.  
TABLE 35: SLC®96 FS BIT CONTENTS  
FRAME #  
FS BIT  
FRAME #  
26  
FS BIT  
C2  
C3  
C4  
C5  
C6  
C7  
C8  
C9  
C10  
C11  
0
FRAME #  
50  
FS BIT  
0
2
0
0
4
28  
52  
M1  
M2  
M3  
A1  
A2  
S1  
S2  
S3  
S4  
1
6
1
30  
54  
8
1
32  
56  
10  
12  
14  
16  
18  
20  
22  
24  
1
34  
58  
0
36  
60  
0
38  
62  
0
40  
64  
1
42  
66  
1
44  
68  
1
46  
70  
C1  
48  
1
72  
0
NOTES:  
1. The SLC®96 frame format is similar to that of SF as shown in Table 33 with the exceptions shown  
in this table.  
2. C1 to C11 are concentrator bit fields.  
3. M1 to M3 are Maintenance bit fields.  
4. A1 and A2 are alarm bit fields.  
5. S1 to S4 are line switch bit fields.  
6. The Fs bits in frames 46, 48 and 70 are spoiler bitswhich are used to protect against false muti-  
framing.  
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OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
4.0 THE DS1 TRANSMIT SECTION  
4.1 THE DS1 TRANSMIT PAYLOAD DATA INPUT INTERFACE BLOCK  
4.1.1 Description of the Transmit Payload Data Input Interface Block  
Each of the eight framers within the XRT84L38 includes a Transmit Payload Data Input Interface block. The func-  
tion of this block is to provide an interface to the local Terminal Equipment (for example, a Central Office or switch-  
ing equipment) that has data to send to a Far End terminal over a DS1 or E1 transport medium.  
The Payload Data Input Interface module (also known as the Back-plane Interface module) supports payload da-  
ta to be taken from or presented to the system. In DS1 mode, supported data rates are 1.544Mbit/s, MVIP  
2.048Mbit/s, 4.096Mbit/s, 8.192Mbit/s, multiplexed 12.352Mbit/s, multiplexed 16.384Mbit/s, HMVIP 16.384Mbit/s  
or H.100 16.384Mbit/s. In E1 mode, supported data rates are XRT84V24 compatible 2.048Mbit/s, MVIP  
2.048Mbit/s, 4.096Mbit/s, 8.192Mbit/s, multiplexed 16.384Mbit/s, HMVIP 16.384Mbit/s or H.100 16.384Mbit/s.  
The Transmit Payload Data Input Interface block supplies or accepts the following signals to the local Terminal  
Equipment circuitry:  
Transmit Serial Data Input (TxSer_n)  
Transmit Serial Clock (TxSerClk_n)  
Transmit Single-frame Synchronization Signal (TxSync_n)  
Transmit Multi-frame Synchronization Signal (TxMSync_n)  
Transmit Time-slot Indicator Clock (TxTSClk_n)  
Transmit Time-slot Indication Bits (TxTSb[4:0]_n)  
The Transmit Serial Data is an input pin carrying payload, signaling and sometimes Data Link data supplied by  
the local Terminal Equipment to the XRT84L38.  
The Transmit Serial Clock is an input or output signal used by the Transmit Payload Data Input Interface block to  
latch in incoming serial data from the local Terminal Equipment. The Transmit Clock Inversion bit of the Transmit  
Interface Control Register (TICR) determines at which edge of the Transmit Serial Clock would data transition on  
the Transmit Serial Data pin occur.  
The table below shows configurations of the Transmit Clock Inversion bit of the Transmit Interface Control Regis-  
ter (TICR).  
TRANSMIT INTERFACE CONTROL REGISTER (TICR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0xn0H, 0x20H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
3
Transmit Clock  
Inversion  
R/W  
0 - Serial data transition happens on rising edge of the Transmit Serial Clock.  
1 - Serial data transition happens on falling edge of the Transmit Serial Clock.  
Throughout the discussion of this datasheet, we assume that serial data transition happens on the rising edge of  
the Transmit Serial Clock unless stated otherwise.  
The Transmit Single-frame Synchronization signal is either input or output. When configured as input, it indicates  
the beginning of a DS1 frame. When configured as output, it indicates the end of a DS1 frame.  
The Transmit Multi-frame Synchronization signal is either input or output. When configured as input, it indicates  
the beginning of a DS1 multi-frame. When configured as output, it indicates the end of a DS1 multi-frame.  
The Transmit Input Clock signal is multiplexed into the Transmit Multi-frame Synchronization pin (TxMSync_n) of  
XRT84L38. When the framer is running at High-speed Back-plane Interface mode, the Transmit Input Clock func-  
tions as the timing source for the High-speed Back-plane Interface.  
By connecting these signals with the local Terminal Equipment, the Transmit Payload Data Input Interface accepts  
payload data from the Terminal Equipment and routes it to the Transmit Framer module inside the device.  
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4.1.2 Brief Discussion of the Transmit Payload Data Input Interface Block Operating at 1.544Mbit/s  
mode  
If the framer is operating in normal 1.544Mbit/s Back-plane interface mode for DS1, timing source of the transmit  
section can be one of the three clocks:  
Transmit Serial Input Clock  
OSCCLK Driven Divided Clock  
Recovered Receive Line Clock  
The Transmit Timing Source Select [1:0] bits of the Clock Select Register (CSR) determine which clock is used as  
the timing source. The following table shows configurations of the Transmit Timing Source Select [1:0] bits of the  
Clock Select Register.  
CLOCK SELECT REGISTER (CSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0xn0H, 0x00H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
1-0  
Transmit Timing  
Source Select  
R/W  
These two READ/WRITE bit-fields permit the user to select the timing source of  
Transmit section of the framer.  
When the Transmit Back-plane interface is operating at a clock rate of 1.544MHz  
for T1, these two READ/WRITE bit-fields also determine the direction of Single  
Frame Synchronization Pulse (TxSync), Multi-frame Synchronization Pulse  
(TxMSync) and Transmit Serial Clock Input (TxSerClk). When the framer is oper-  
ating at other Back-plane mode, the Single Frame Synchronization Pulse  
(TxSync), Multi-frame Synchronization Pulse (TxMSync) and Transmit Serial  
Clock Input (TxSerClk) are all inputs.  
00 - The Recovered Receive Line Clock is the timing source of Transmit section  
of the framer. When operating at the non-multiplexed 1.544MHz Back-plane  
Interface mode, the Single Frame Synchronization Pulse (TxSync), Multi-frame  
Synchronization Pulse (TxMSync) and Transmit Serial Clock Input (TxSerClk)  
are all outputs. Upon losing of the Recovered Receiver Line Clock, the OSCCLK  
Driven Divided clock is automatically chosen to be the timing source of the  
Transmit section of the framer.  
01 - The Transmit Serial Clock is the timing source of Transmit section of the  
framer. When operating at the non-multiplexed 1.544MHz Back-plane Interface  
mode, the Single Frame Synchronization Pulse (TxSync), Multi-frame Synchro-  
nization Pulse (TxMSync) and Transmit Serial Clock Input (TxSerClk) are all  
inputs.  
10 - The OSCCLK Driven Divided clock is the timing source of Transmit section  
of the framer. When operating at the non-multiplexed 1.544MHz Back-plane  
Interface mode, the Single Frame Synchronization Pulse (TxSync), Multi-frame  
Synchronization Pulse (TxMSync) and Transmit Serial Clock Input (TxSerClk)  
are all outputs. Upon losing of the Recovered Receiver Line Clock, the OSCCLK  
Driven Divided clock is automatically chosen to be the timing source of the  
Transmit section of the framer.  
11 - The Recovered Receive Line Clock is the timing source of Transmit section  
of the framer. When operating at the non-multiplexed 1.544MHz Back-plane  
Interface mode, the Single Frame Synchronization Pulse (TxSync), Multi-frame  
Synchronization Pulse (TxMSync) and Transmit Serial Clock Input (TxSerClk)  
are all outputs. Upon losing of the Recovered Receiver Line Clock, the OSCCLK  
Driven Divided clock is automatically chosen to be the timing source of the  
Transmit section of the framer.  
The Transmit Serial Clock (TxSerClk_n), Transmit Single-frame Synchronization Signal (TxSync_n) and Transmit  
Multi-frame Synchronization Signal (TxMSync_n) can be either inputs or outputs depend on the timing source of  
the Transmit section of the framer.  
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OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
With the OSCCLK Driven Divided Clock or the Recovered Receive Line Clock being the timing source of the  
transmit section, the Transmit Serial Clock (TxSerClk_n), Transmit Single-frame Synchronization Signal  
(TxSync_n) and Transmit Multi-frame Synchronization Signal (TxMSync_n) are all outputs.  
With the timing source of the transmit section being the Transmit Serial Input Clock, the Transmit Serial Clock  
(TxSerClk_n), Transmit Single-frame Synchronization Signal (TxSync_n) and Transmit Multi-frame Synchroniza-  
tion Signal (TxMSync_n) are all inputs.  
The following table illustrates the input and output nature of these signals for different Transmit timing sources.  
TABLE 36: SIGNALS FOR DIFFERENT TRANSMIT TIMING SOURCES  
TRANSMIT TIMING SOURCE  
Terminal Equipment Driven TxSerClk  
OSCCLK Driven Divided Clock  
Recovered Receive Line Clock  
TXSERCLK_N  
Input  
TXSYNC_N  
Input  
TXMSYNC_N  
Input  
Output  
Output  
Output  
Output  
Output  
Output  
The Transmit Time-slot Indication Bits (TxTSb[4:0]_n) are multiplexed I/O pins. The functionality of these pins is  
governed by the value of Transmit Fractional T1 Input Enable bit of the Transmit Interface Control Register (TICR).  
The following table illustrates the configurations of the Transmit Fractional DS1 Input Enable bit.  
TRANSMIT INTERFACE CONTROL REGISTER (TICR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0xn0H, 0x20H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
4
Transmit  
Fractional DS1  
Input Enable  
R/W  
0 - The Transmit Time-slot Indication bits (TxTSb[4:0] are outputting five-bit  
binary values of Time-slot number (0-23) being accepted and processed by the  
Transmit Payload Data Input Interface block of the framer.  
The Transmit Time-slot Indicator Clock signal (TxTSClk_n) is a 192KHz clock  
that pulses HIGH for one DS1 bit period whenever the Transmit Payload Data  
Input Interface block is accepting the LSB of each of the twenty-four time slots.  
1 - The TxTSb[0]_n bit becomes the Transmit Fractional T1 Input signal  
(TxFrTD_n) which carries Fractional DS1 payload data into the framer.  
The TxTSb[1]_n bit becomes the Transmit Signaling Data Input signal (TxSig_n)  
which is used to insert robbed-bit signaling data into the outbound DS1 frame.  
The TxTSb[2]_n bit serially outputs all five-bit binary values of the Time Slot  
number (0-23) being accepted and processed by the Transmit Payload Data  
Input Interface block of the framer.  
The TxTSb[3]_n bit becomes the Transmit Overhead Synchronization Pulse  
(TxOHSync_n) which is used to output an Overhead Synchronization Pulse that  
indicates the first bit of each DS1multi-frame.  
The TxTSClk_n will output gaped fractional DS1 clock that can be used by Ter-  
minal Equipment to clock out Fractional DS1 payload data at rising edge of the  
clock. Or,The TxTSClk_n pin will be a clock enable signal to Transmit Fractional  
DS1 Input signal (TxFrTD_n) when the un-gaped Transmit Serail Input Clock  
(TxSerClk_n) is used to clock in Fractional DS1 Payload Data into the framer.  
When configured to operate in normal condition (that is, when the Transmit Fractional T1 Input Enable bit is equal  
to zero), these bits reflect the five-bit binary value of the Time Slot number (0 - 23) being accepted and processed  
by the Transmit Payload Data Input Interface block of the framer. TxTSb[4] represents the MSB of the binary value  
and TxTSb[0] represents the LSB.  
When the Transmit Fractional T1 Input Enable bit is equal to one, the TxTSb[0]_n bit becomes the Transmit Frac-  
tional T1 Input signal (TxFrTD_n). This input pin carries Fractional T1 Input data to be inserted into the outbound  
DS1 data stream. The Fraction T1 Input Interface allows certain time-slots of outbound DS1 data stream to have  
a different source other than the local Terminal Equipment. Function of the Fractional T1 Input signal will be dis-  
cussed in details in later sections.  
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When the Transmit Fractional T1 Input Enable bit is equal to one, the TxTSb[1]_n bit becomes the Transmit Sig-  
naling Data Input signal (TxSig_n). These input pins can be used to insert robbed-bit signaling data into the out-  
bound DS1 frame. Function of the Transmit Signaling Data Input signal will be discussed in details in later sec-  
tions.  
When the Transmit Fractional T1 Input Enable bit is equal to one, the TxTSb[2]_n bit serially outputs all five-bit bi-  
nary values of the Time Slot number (0-23) being accepted and processed by the Transmit Payload Data Input In-  
terface block of the framer. MSB of the binary value is presented first and the LSB is presented last.  
When the Transmit Fractional T1 Input Enable bit is equal to one, the TxTSb[3]_n bit becomes the Transmit Over-  
head Synchronization Pulse (TxOHSync_n). These pins can be used to output an Overhead Synchronization  
Pulse that indicates the first bit of each DS1multi-frame. Function of the Transmit Overhead Synchronization Out-  
put signal will be discussed in details in later sections.  
The TxTSb[4]_n bit is not multiplexed.  
The table below shows functionality of the TxTSb[3:0] bits when the Transmit Fractional T1 Input bit is set to differ-  
ent values.  
TABLE 37: THE TXTSB[3:0] BITS WHEN THE TRANSMIT FRACTIONAL T1 INPUT BIT IS SET TO DIFFERENT VALUES  
TRANSMIT FRACTIONAL T1 INPUT BIT = 0  
TRANSMIT FRACTIONAL T1 INPUT BIT = 1  
TxTSb[0]  
TxTSb[1]  
TxTSb[2]  
TxTSb[3]  
Output  
Output  
Output  
Output  
TxFrTD  
TxSig  
Input  
Input  
TxTS  
Output  
Output  
TxOHSync  
The Transmit Time-slot Indicator Clock signal (TxTSClk_n) is a multi-function output pin. When configured to op-  
erate in normal condition (that is, when the Transmit Fractional T1 Input Enable bit is equal to zero), the  
TxTSClk_n is a 192KHz clock that pulses HIGH for one DS1 bit period whenever the Transmit Payload Data Input  
Interface block is accepting the LSB of each of the twenty-four time slots. The local Terminal Equipment should  
use this clock signal to sample the TxTSb[0] through TxTSb[4] bits and identify the time-slot being processed via  
the Transmit Section of the framer.  
When the Transmit Fractional T1 Input Enable bit is equal to one, the TxTSClk_n will output gaped fractional DS1  
clock at time-slots where Fractional T1 Input data is present. This clock can be used by Terminal Equipment to  
clock out Fractional DS1 payload data at rising edge of the clock. The framer will then input Fractional DS1 pay-  
load data using falling edge of the clock. Otherwise, this pin can be configured as a clock enable signal to Trans-  
mit Fractional DS1 Input signal (TxFrTD_n) if the framer is set accordingly. In this way, Fractional DS1 payload da-  
ta is clocked into the framer using un-gaped Transmit Serail Input Clock (TxSerClk_n). A detailed discussion of  
the Fractional DS1 Payload Data Input Interface can be found in later sections.  
Both the Transmit Time-slot Indicator Clock (TxTSClk_n) and the Transmit Time-slot Indication Bits (TxTS-  
bb[4:0]_n) are output signals in normal 1.544Mbit/s Back-plane mode regardless of the timing source of the  
Transmit Section of framer.  
4.1.2.1 Connect the Transmit Payload Data Input Interface block to the Local Terminal Equipment if  
Transmit Timing Source = TxSerClk_n  
By setting the Transmit Timing Source [1:0] bits of the Clock Select Register to 01, the TxSerClk_n input signal is  
configured to be the timing source for the Transmit section of the framer. The Terminal Equipment should supply  
an external free-running clock with frequency of 1.544MHz to the TxSerClk_n input pin. The Transmit Single-  
frame Synchronization signal and the Transmit Multi-frame Synchronization signal are inputs to the framer.  
The Transmit Single-frame Synchronization signal should pulse “High” for one DS1 bit period (648ns) at the  
Framing bit position of each DS1 frame. By sampling the “High” pulse on the Transmit Single-frame Synchroniza-  
tion signal, the framer can position the beginning of a DS1 frame.  
199  
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OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
The Transmit Multi-frame Synchronization signal should pulse HIGH for one DS1 bit period (648ns) at the Fram-  
ing bit position of the first frame of a DS1 multi-frame. By sampling the HIGH pulse on the Transmit Multi-frame  
Synchronization signal, the framer can position the beginning of a DS1 super-frame.  
It is the responsibility of the Terminal Equipment to provide serial input data through the TxSer_n pin aligned with  
the Transmit Single-frame Synchronization signal and the Transmit Multi-frame Synchronization signal. See  
Figure 23 below for how to connect the Transmit Payload Data Input Interface block to the local Terminal Equip-  
ment with the Transmit Serial clock being the timing source of transmit section.  
FIGURE 23. INTERFACING XRT84L38 TO LOCAL TERMINAL EQUIPMENT WITH TXSERCLK_N AS TRANSMIT TIMING  
SOURCE  
XRT84L38  
TxSerClk_0  
TxSer_0  
Transmit  
TxMSync_0  
TxSync_0  
Payload  
Data Input  
Interface  
Chn 0  
TxTSClk_0  
TxTSb[4:0]_0  
Terminal  
Equipment  
TxSerClk_7  
TxSer_7  
Transmit  
Payload  
Data Input  
Interface  
Chn 7  
TxMSync_7  
TxSync_7  
TxTSClk_7  
TxTSb[4:0]_7  
200  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
Figure 24 shows waveforms of the signals (TxSerClk_n, TxSer_n, TxSync_n, TxTSClk_n and TxTSb[4:0]_n) that  
connect the Transmit Payload Data Input Interface block to the local Terminal Equipment with the Transmit Serial  
clock being the timing source of transmit section.  
FIGURE 24. WAVEFORMS OF THE SIGNALS THAT CONNECT THE TRANSMIT PAYLOAD DATA INPUT INTERFACE BLOCK  
TO THE LOCAL TERMINAL EQUIPMENT WITH THE TRANSMIT SERIAL CLOCK BEING THE TIMING SOURCE OF THE  
TRANSMIT SECTION  
Timeslot 0  
Timeslot 5  
Timeslot 6  
Timeslot 23  
TxSerClk  
TxSerClk (INV)  
TxSer  
Input Data  
Input Data  
Input Data  
Input Data  
F
F
TxSync(input)  
TxTSClk  
TxTSb[4:0]  
Timeslot #0  
A B C D  
Timeslot #5  
Timeslot #6  
Timeslot #23  
TxTSb[0]/TxSig  
TxTSClk  
A B C D  
A B C D  
A B C D  
c1 c2 c3 c4 c5  
c1 c2 c3 c4 c5  
c1 c2 c3 c4 c5  
c1 c2 c3 c4 c5  
TxTSb[4:0]  
TxTSb[1]/TxFrTD  
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8  
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8  
4.1.2.2 Connect the Transmit Payload Data Input Interface block to the Local Terminal Equipment if  
the Transmit Timing Source = OSCCLK  
By setting the Transmit Timing Source [1:0] bits of the Clock Select Register (CSR) to 10, the OSCCLK Driven Di-  
vided clock is configured to be the timing source for the Transmit section of the framer. A free-running clock  
should apply to the OSCCLK input pin with frequencies of 12.352MHz, 24.704MHz and 49.408MHz depending  
on the setting of OSCCLK Frequency Select [1:0] bits of the Clock Select Register (CSR).  
The free-running OSCCLK is divided inside the XRT84L38 and routed to all eight framers. This OSCCLK Driven  
Divided Clock has to be 12.352MHz in frequency. When these bits are set to 00, the framer will internally divide  
the incoming OSCCLK by one. Therefore, the external oscillator clock applied to the OSCCLK pin should be  
12.352MHz. When these bits are set to 01, the framer will internally divide the incoming OSCCLK by two. There-  
fore, the external oscillator clock applied to the OSCCLK pin should be 24.704MHz. When these bits are set to  
10, the framer will internally divide the incoming OSCCLK by four. Therefore, the external oscillator clock applied  
to the OSCCLK pin should be 49.408MHz.  
The following table shows configurations of the OSCCLK Frequency Select [1:0] bits of the Clock Select Register.  
201  
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XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
CLOCK SELECT REGISTER (CSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0xn0H, 0x00H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
3-2  
OSCCLK  
Frequency  
Select  
R/W  
OSCCLK Frequency Select:  
These two READ/WRITE bit-fields permit the user to select internal clock divid-  
ing logic of the framer depending on the frequency of incoming oscillator clock  
(OSCCLK). The frequency of internal clock used by the framer should be  
12.352MHz.  
00 - The framer will internally divide the incoming OSCCLK by one. Therefore,  
the external oscillator clock applied to the OSCCLK pin should be 12.352MHz.  
01 - The framer will internally divide the incoming OSCCLK by two. Therefore,  
the external oscillator clock applied to the OSCCLK pin should be 24.704MHz.  
10 - The framer will internally divide the incoming OSCCLK by four. Therefore,  
the external oscillator clock applied to the OSCCLK pin should be 49.408MHz.  
The Transmit Serial clock signal pin (TxSerClk_n) is output from the framer. The framer outputs a 1.544MHz clock  
through this pin to the local Terminal Equipment. The Transmit Single-frame Synchronization signal and the  
Transmit Multi-frame Synchronization signal are also automatically configured to be output signals.  
The Transmit Single-frame Synchronization signal should pulse HIGH for one DS1 bit period (648ns) at the last  
bit position of each DS1 frame. By triggering on the HIGH pulse on the Transmit Single-frame Synchronization  
signal, the local Terminal Equipment can identify the end of a DS1 frame and should start inserting payload data  
of the next DS1 frame to the framer.  
The Transmit Multi-frame Synchronization signal should pulse HIGH for one DS1 bit period (648ns) at the last bit  
position of the last frame of a DS1 multi-frame. By triggering on the HIGH pulse on the Transmit Multi-frame Syn-  
chronization signal, the local Terminal Equipment can identify the end of a DS1 super-frame and should start in-  
serting payload data of the next DS1 multi-frame into the framer.  
202  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
See Figure 25 for how to connect the Transmit Payload Data Input Interface block to the local Terminal Equipment  
with the OSCCLK Driven Divided clock as the timing source of transmit section.  
FIGURE 25. INTERFACING XRT84L38 TO THE LOCAL TERMINAL EQUIPMENT WITH THE OSCCLK DRIVEN DIVIDED  
CLOCK AS TRANSMIT TIMING SOURCE  
XRT84L38  
TxSerClk_0  
TxSer_0  
Transmit  
TxMSync_0  
TxSync_0  
Payload  
Data Input  
Interface  
Chn 0  
TxTSClk_0  
TxTSb[4:0]_0  
Terminal  
Equipment  
TxSerClk_7  
TxSer_7  
Transmit  
Payload  
Data Input  
Interface  
Chn 7  
TxMSync_7  
TxSync_7  
TxTSClk_7  
TxTSb[4:0]_7  
OSCCLK  
203  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
Figure 26 shows waveforms of the signals (TxSerClk_n, TxSer_n, TxSync_n, TxTSClk_n and TxTSb[4:0]_n) that  
connect the Transmit Payload Data Input Interface block to the local Terminal Equipment with the OSCCLK Driven  
Divided clock as the timing source of transmit section.  
FIGURE 26. WAVEFORMS OF THE SIGNALS CONNECTING THE TRANSMIT PAYLOAD DATA INPUT INTERFACE BLOCK TO  
THE LOCAL TERMINAL EQUIPMENT WITH THE OSCCLK DRIVEN DIVIDED CLOCK AS THE TIMING SOURCE OF THE  
TRANSMIT SECTION  
Timeslot 0  
Timeslot 5  
Timeslot 6  
Timeslot 23  
TxSerClk  
TxSerClk (INV)  
TxSer  
Input Data  
Input Data  
Input Data  
Input Data  
F
F
TxSync(output)  
TxTSClk  
TxTSb[4:0]  
Timeslot #6  
Timeslot #0  
A B C D  
Timeslot #5  
Timeslot #23  
TxTSb[0]/TxSig  
TxTSb[0]/TxSig  
A B C D  
A B C D  
A B C D  
c1 c2 c3 c4 c5  
c1 c2 c3 c4 c5  
c1 c2 c3 c4 c5  
c1 c2 c3 c4 c5  
TxTSClk  
TxTSb[1]/TxFrTD  
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8  
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8  
4.1.2.3 Connect the Transmit Payload Data Input Interface block to the Local Terminal Equipment  
for Loop-timing applications  
If the Transmit Timing Source [1:0] bits of the Clock Select Register are set to 00 or 11, the Recovered Receive  
Line Clock is configured to be the timing source for the Transmit section of the framer. This is also known as the  
Loop-timing mode.  
If the Clock Loss Detection Enable bit of the Clock Select Register is set to one, and if the Recovered Receive  
Line Clock from the LIU is lost, the framer will automatically begin to use the OSCCLK Driven Divided clock as  
transmit timing source until the LIU is able to regain clock recovery.  
204  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
The following table shows configuration of the Clock Loss Detection Enable bit of the Clock Select Register  
(CSR).  
CLOCK SELECT REGISTER (CSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0xn0H, 0x00H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
4
Clock Loss  
Detection  
Enable  
R/W  
Clock Loss Detection Enable:  
This READ/WRITE bit-field permits the user to enable the Clock Loss Detection  
logic for the framer when the Recovered Receive Line Clock is used as transmit  
timing source of the framer.  
0 - The framer disables the Clock Loss Detection logic.  
1 - The framer enables the Clock Loss Detection logic. If the Recovered Receive  
Line Clock is used as transmit timing source of the framer, and if clock recovered  
from the LIU is lost, the framer can detect loss of the Recovered Receive Line  
Clock. Upon detecting of this occurrence, the framer will automatically begin to  
use the OSCCLK Driven Divided clock as transmit timing source until the LIU is  
able to regain clock recovery.  
NOTE: This bit-field is ignored if the TxSerClk or the OSCCLK Driven Divided  
Clock is chosen to be the timing source of Transmit Section of the framer.  
The Transmit Serial Clock signal pin (TxSerClk_n) is output from the framer. The XRT84L38 routes the Recov-  
ered Receive Line Clock internally across the framer and output through the Transmit Serial Clock signal pin to  
the local Terminal Equipment. The Transmit Single-frame Synchronization signal and the Transmit Multi-frame  
Synchronization signal are automatically configured to be output signals.  
The Transmit Single-frame Synchronization signal should pulse HIGH for one DS1 bit period (648ns) at the last  
bit position of each DS1 frame. By triggering on the HIGH pulse on the Transmit Single-frame Synchronization  
signal, the local Terminal Equipment can identify the end of a DS1 frame and should start inserting payload data  
of the next DS1 frame to the framer.  
The Transmit Multi-frame Synchronization signal should pulse HIGH for one DS1 bit period (648ns) at the last bit  
position of the last frame of a DS1 multi-frame. By triggering on the HIGH pulse on the Transmit Multi-frame Syn-  
chronization signal, the local Terminal Equipment can identify the end of a DS1 super-frame and should start in-  
serting payload data of the next DS1 multi-frame into the framer.  
205  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
See Figure 27 for how to connect the Transmit Payload Data Input Interface block to the local Terminal Equipment  
with the Recovered Receive Line Clock being the timing source of transmit section.  
FIGURE 27. INTERFACING XRT84L38 TO LOCAL TERMINAL EQUIPMENT WITH RECOVERED RECEIVE LINE CLOCK AS  
TRANSMIT TIMING SOURCE  
XRT84L38  
TxSerClk_0  
RxLineClk_0  
TxSer_0  
Transmit  
Payload  
Data Input  
Interface  
Chn 0  
TxMSync_0  
TxSync_0  
TxTSClk_0  
TxTSb[4:0]_0  
Terminal  
Equipment  
TxSerClk_7  
TxSer_7  
Transmit  
Payload  
Data Input  
Interface  
Chn 7  
TxMSync_7  
TxSync_7  
TxTSClk_7  
TxTSb[4:0]_7  
RxLineClk_7  
206  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
The following Figure 28 shows waveforms of the signals (TxSerClk_n, TxSer_n, TxSync_n, TxTSClk_n and  
TxTSb[4:0]_n) that connecting the Transmit Payload Data Input Interface block to the local Terminal Equipment  
with the Recovered Receive Line Clock being the timing source of transmit section.  
FIGURE 28. WAVEFORMS OF THE SIGNALS CONNECTING THE TRANSMIT PAYLOAD DATA INPUT INTERFACE BLOCK TO  
THE LOCAL TERMINAL EQUIPMENT WITH THE RECOVERED RECEIVE LINE CLOCK BEING THE TIMING SOURCE OF THE  
TRANSMIT SECTION  
Timeslot 0  
Timeslot 5  
Timeslot 6  
Timeslot 23  
TxSerClk  
TxSerClk (INV)  
TxSer  
Input Data  
Input Data  
Input Data  
Input Data  
F
F
TxSync(output)  
TxTSClk  
TxTSb[4:0]  
Timeslot #6  
Timeslot #0  
A B C D  
Timeslot #5  
Timeslot #23  
TxTSb[0]/TxSig  
TxTSb[0]/TxSig  
A B C D  
A B C D  
A B C D  
c1 c2 c3 c4 c5  
c1 c2 c3 c4 c5  
c1 c2 c3 c4 c5  
c1 c2 c3 c4 c5  
TxTSClk  
TxTSb[1]/TxFrTD  
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8  
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8  
4.1.3 Brief Discussion of the Transmit High-Speed Back-Plane Interface  
The High-speed Back-plane Interface supports payload data to be taken from or presented to the Terminal Equip-  
ment at a rate higher than 1.544Mbit/s. In DS1 mode, supported High-speed data rates are MVIP 2.048Mbit/s,  
4.096Mbit/s, 8.192Mbit/s, multiplexed 12.352Mbit/s, multiplexed 16.384Mbit/s, HMVIP 16.384Mbit/s or H.100  
16.384Mbit/s. The Transmit Multiplex Enable bit and the Transmit Interface Mode Select [1:0] bits of the Transmit  
Interface Control Register (TICR) determine the Transmit Back-plane Interface data rate.  
The following table shows configurations of the Transmit Multiplex Enable bit and the Transmit Interface Mode Se-  
lect [1:0] bits of the Transmit Interface Control Register (TICR).  
TRANSMIT INTERFACE CONTROL REGISTER (TICR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0xn0H, 0x20H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
2
Transmit  
Multiplex Enable  
R/W  
0 - The Transmit Back-plane Interface block is configured to non-channel-multi-  
plexed mode.  
1 - The Transmit Back-plane Interface block is configured to channel-multiplexed  
mode  
1-0  
Transmit  
Interface Mode  
Select  
R/W  
When combined with the Transmit Multiplex Enable bit, these bits determine the  
Transmit Back-plane Interface data rate.  
207  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
The table below shows the combinations of Transmit Multiplex Enable bit and Transmit Interface Mode Select  
[1:0] bits and the resulting Transmit Back-plane Interface data rates.  
TABLE 38: TRANSMIT MULTIPLEX ENABLE BIT AND TRANSMIT INTERFACE MODE SELECT [1:0] BITS WITH THE  
RESULTING TRANSMIT BACK-PLANE INTERFACE DATA RATES  
TRANSMIT MULTIPLEX ENABLE  
BIT  
TRANSMIT INTERFACE MODE  
SELECT BIT 1  
TRANSMIT INTERFACE MODE  
SELECT BIT 0  
BACK-PLANE INTERFACE  
DATA RATE  
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
1.544Mbit/s  
MVIP 2.048Mbit/s  
4.096Mbit/s  
8.192Mbit/s  
Multiplexed 12.352Mbit/s  
Bit Multiplexed 16.384Mbit/s  
HMVIP 16.384Mbit/s  
H.100 16.384Mbit/s  
When the Transmit Multiplex Enable bit is set to zero, the framer is configured in non-channel-multiplexed mode.  
The possible data rates are 1.544Mbit/s, MVIP 2.048Mbit/s, 4.096Mbit/s and 8.192Mbit/s. In non-channel-multi-  
plexed mode, payload data of each channel are taken from the Terminal Equipment separately. Each channel us-  
es its own Transmit Serial Clock, Transmit Serial Data, Transmit Single-frame Synchronization signal and Trans-  
mit Multi-frame Synchronization signal as interface between the framer and the Terminal Equipment. Section  
4.1.2.1, 4.1.2.2 and 4.1.2.3 provide details on how to connect the Transmit Payload Data Interface block with the  
Terminal Equipment when the Back-plane interface data rate is 1.544Mbit/s.  
When the Back-plane interface data rate is MVIP 2.048Mbit/s, 4.096Mbit/s and 8.192Mbit/s, the Transmit Serial  
Clock, Transmit Serial Data, Transmit Single-frame Synchronization signal and Transmit Multi-frame Synchroniza-  
tion signal are all configured as inputs. The Transmit Serial Clock is always an input clock with frequency of 1.544  
MHz for all data rates. The TxMSync_n signal is configured as the Transmit Input Clock with frequencies of 2.048  
MHz, 4.096 MHz and 8.192 MHz respectively. It serves as the primary clock source for the High-speed Back-  
plane Interface.  
The table below summaries the clock frequencies of TxSerClk_n and TxInClk_n inputs when the framer is operat-  
ing in non-multiplexed High-speed Back-plane mode.  
TRANSMIT MULTIPLEX ENABLE BIT = 0  
TRANSMIT INTERFACE  
MODE SELECT BIT 1  
TRANSMIT INTERFACE  
MODE SELECT BIT 0  
BACK-PLANE  
INTERFACE DATA RATE  
TXSERCLK  
TXMSYNC/TXINCLK  
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
1.544Mbit/s  
MVIP 2.048Mbit/s  
4.096Mbit/s  
1.544 MHz  
1.544 MHz  
1.544 MHz  
1.544 MHz  
-
2.048 MHz  
4.096 MHz  
8.192 MHz  
8.192Mbit/s  
When the Transmit Multiplex Enable bit is set to one, the framer is configured in channel-multiplexed mode. The  
possible data rates are multiplexed 12.352Mbit/s, bit-multiplexed 16.384Mbit/s, HMVIP 16.384Mbit/s and H.100  
16.384Mbit/s. In channel-multiplexed mode, every four channels share the Transmit Serial Data and Transmit Sin-  
gle-frame Synchronization signal of one channel as interface between the framer and the local Terminal Equip-  
ment. The TxMSync_n signal of one channel is configured as the Transmit Input Clock with frequencies of 12.352  
MHz or 16.384. It serves as the primary clock source for the High-speed Back-plane Interface.  
208  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
Payload and signaling data of Channel 0-3 are multiplexed onto the Transmit Serial Data pin of Channel 0. Pay-  
load and signaling data of Channel 4-7 are multiplexed onto the Transmit Serial Data pin of Channel 4. The Trans-  
mit Single-frame Synchronization signal of Channel 0 pulses HIGH at the beginning of the frame with data from  
Channel 0-3 multiplexed together. The Transmit Single-frame Synchronization signal of Channel 4 pulses HIGH  
at the beginning of the frame with data from Channel 4-7 multiplexed together. It is responsibility of the Terminal  
Equipment to align the multiplexed transmit serial data with the Transmit Single-frame Synchronization pulse. Ad-  
ditionally, each channel requires the local Terminal Equipment to provide a free-running 1.544 MHz clock into the  
Transmit Serial Clock input.  
The table below summaries the clock frequencies of TxSerClk_n and TxInClk_n inputs when the framer is operat-  
ing in multiplexed High-speed Back-plane mode.  
TRANSMIT MULTIPLEX ENABLE BIT = 1  
TRANSMIT INTERFACE  
MODE SELECT BIT 1  
TRANSMIT INTERFACE  
MODE SELECT BIT 0  
BACK-PLANE INTERFACE  
DATA RATE  
TXSERCLK  
TXMSYNC/TXINCLK  
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
Multiplexed 12.352Mbit/s  
Bit-multiplexed 16.384Mbit/s  
HMVIP 16.384Mbit/s  
1.544 MHz  
1.544 MHz  
1.544 MHz  
1.544 MHz  
12.352 MHz  
16.384 MHz  
16.384 MHz  
16.384 MHz  
H.100 16.384Mbit/s  
The Transmit Serial Clock is always running at 1.544MHz for all the High-speed Back-plane Interface modes. It is  
automatically the timing source of the Transmit Section of the framer in High-speed Back-plane Interface mode.  
The Transmit Single-frame Synchronization signal should pulse HIGH or LOW for one bit period at the Framing bit  
position of each DS1 frame. Length of the bit period depends on data rate of the High-speed Back-plane Inter-  
face. The Transmit Synchronization Pulse Low bit of the Transmit Interface Control Register (TICR) determines  
whether the Transmit Single-frame Synchronization signal is HIGH active or LOW active.  
The table below shows configurations of the Transmit Synchronization Pulse LOW bit of the Transmit Interface  
Control Register (TICR).  
TRANSMIT INTERFACE CONTROL REGISTER (TICR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0xn0H, 0x20H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
3
Transmit  
Synchronization  
Pulse LOW  
R/W  
0 - The Transmit Single-frame Synchronization signal will pulse HIGH indicat-  
ing the beginning of a DS1 frame when the High-speed Back-plane Interface  
is running at a mode other than the 1.544Mbit/s.  
1 - The Transmit Single-frame Synchronization signal will pulse LOW indicat-  
ing the beginning of a DS1 frame when the High-speed Back-plane Interface  
is running at a mode other than the 1.544Mbit/s.  
Throughout the discussion of this datasheet, we assume that the Transmit Single-frame Synchronization signal  
pulses HIGH unless stated otherwise.  
The TxMSync_n signal, which is a multiplexed I/O pin, no longer functions as the Transmit Multi-frame Synchroni-  
zation Signal. Indeed, it becomes the Transmit Input Clock signal (TxInClk) of the High-speed Back-plane Inter-  
face of the framer. The local Terminal Equipment should provide a free-running clock with the same frequency as  
the High-speed Back-plane Interface to this input pin.  
The following sections discuss details of how to operate the framer in different Back-plane interface speed mode  
and how to connect the Transmit Payload Data Input Interface block to the local Terminal Equipment.  
209  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
4.1.3.1 T1 Transmit Input Interface - MVIP 2.048 MHz  
When the Transmit Multiplex Enable bit is set to zero and the Transmit Interface Mode Select [1:0] bits are set to  
01, the Transmit Back-plane interface of framer is running at a data rate of 2.048Mbit/s.  
The interface consists of the following pins:  
Data input (TxSer_n)  
Transmit Serial Clock Input signal (TxSerClk_n)  
Transmit Single-frame Synchronization Input signal (TxSync_n)  
Transmit Input Clock (TxInClk_n)  
Transmit Time-slot Indication clock (TxTSClk_n)  
Transmit Time Slot indicator bits (TxTSb[4:0]_n)  
The Transmit Back-plane interface is accepting data through TxSer_n at an E1 equivalent data rate of 2.048Mbit/  
s. The local Terminal Equipment supplies a free-running 2.048MHz clock to the Transmit Input Clock pin of the  
framer. The local Terminal Equipment also provides synchronized payload data at rising edge of the clock. The  
Transmit High-speed Back-plane Interface of the framer then latches incoming serial data at falling edge of the  
Transmit Input Clock. The local Terminal Equipment should pump in data grouped in 256-bit frame 8000 times ev-  
ery second. Each frame consists of thirty-two octets as in E1. The local Terminal Equipment maps a 193-bit T1  
frame into this 256-bit format as described below:  
1. The Framing (F-bit) is mapped into MSB of the first E1 Time-slot. The local Terminal Equipment will stuff  
the rest seven bits of the first octet with "don't care" bits that would be ignored by the framer.  
2. Payload data of T1 Time-slot 0, 1 and 2 are mapped into E1 Time-slot 1, 2 and 3.  
3. The local Terminal Equipment will stuff E1 Time-slot 4 with eight "don't care" bits that would be ignored by  
the framer.  
4. Following the same rules of Step 2 and 3, the local Terminal Equipment maps every three time-slots of T1  
payload data into four E1 time-slots.  
The mapping of T1 frame into E1 framing format is shown in the table below.  
TABLE 39: THE MAPPING OF T1 FRAME INTO E1 FRAMING FORMAT  
T1  
E1  
T1  
E1  
T1  
E1  
T1  
E1  
F-Bit  
TS0  
TS0  
TS1  
TS1  
TS2  
TS2  
TS3  
Don't Care Bits  
TS4  
TS3  
TS5  
TS4  
TS6  
TS5  
TS7  
Don't Care Bits  
TS8  
TS6  
TS7  
TS8  
Don't Care Bits  
TS12  
TS9  
TS10  
TS14  
TS16  
TS22  
TS22  
TS30  
TS11  
TS15  
TS17  
TS23  
TS23  
TS31  
TS9  
TS10  
TS13  
TS18  
TS19  
TS26  
TS11  
TS14  
TS19  
TS20  
TS27  
TS13  
TS15  
TS21  
TS21  
TS29  
Don't Care Bits  
TS16  
TS12  
TS17  
TS18  
TS25  
Don't Care Bits  
TS20  
Don't Care Bits  
TS24  
Don't Care Bits  
TS28  
The Transmit Single-frame Synchronization input signal (TxSync_n) should pulse HIGH at the beginning (F-bit  
position) of the 256-bit frame indicating start of the frame. By sampling the HIGH pulse on the Transmit Single-  
frame Synchronization signal, the framer can position the beginning of a DS1 frame. It is responsibility of the local  
Terminal Equipment to align the Transmit Single-frame Synchronization signal with serial data stream going into  
the framer.  
Inside the framer, all the "don't care" bits will be stripped away. The framing bits, signaling and payload data are  
then processed by the framer and send to LIU interface. The local Terminal Equipment provides a free-running  
1.544MHz clock to the Transmit Serial Input clock. The framer will use this clock to carry the processed payload  
and signaling data to the transmit section of the device.  
210  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
See Figure 29 below for how to interface the local Terminal Equipment with the Transmit Payload Data Input Inter-  
face block of the framer in MVIP 2.048Mbit/s mode.  
FIGURE 29. INTERFACING XRT84L38 TO THE LOCAL TERMINAL EQUIPMENT USING MVIP 2.048MBIT/S DATA BUS  
XRT84L38  
TxSerClk_0  
Transmit  
TxSer_0  
Payload  
TxInClk_0 (2.048MHz) Data Input  
Interface  
Chn 0  
TxSync_0  
Terminal  
Equipment  
TxSerClk_7  
Transmit  
TxSer_7  
Payload  
Data Input  
Interface  
Chn 7  
TxInClk_7 (2.048MHz)  
TxSync_7  
The timing diagram of input signals to the framer when running at MVIP 2.048Mbit/s mode is shown in Figure 30.  
FIGURE 30. TIMING DIAGRAM OF THE INPUT SIGNALS TO THE FRAMER WHEN RUNNING AT MVIP 2.048MBIT/S MODE  
TxSerClk  
TxSerClk (INV)  
TxSer  
F
Don't Care  
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8  
Don't Care  
Don't Care  
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8  
TxSync(input)  
TxSync(input)  
MVIP mode  
Don't Care  
Don't Care  
A B C D  
Don't Care  
A B C D  
TxTSb[0]/TxSig  
Don't Care  
A B C D  
A B C D  
Note: The following signals are not aligned with the signals shown above. The TxTSClk is derived from 1.544MHz transmit clock.  
TxSyncFrd=0  
TxTSClk  
Don't Care  
Don't Care  
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8  
Don't Care  
Don't Care  
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8  
TxTSb[1]/TxFrTD  
TxSyncFrd=1  
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8  
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8  
TxTSb[1]/TxFrTD  
TxTSClk  
4.1.3.2 T1 Transmit Input Interface - 4.096 MHz  
This interface mode is the same as running at 2.048 MHz. The only difference is that the Transmit Input Clock  
runs two times faster at 4.096 MHz.  
When the Transmit Multiplex Enable bit is set to zero and the Transmit Interface Mode Select [1:0] bits are set to  
10, the Transmit Back-plane interface of framer is running at a clock rate of 4.096MHz.  
211  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
The interface consists of the following pins:  
Data input (TxSer_n)  
Transmit Serial Clock Input signal (TxSerClk_n)  
Transmit Single-frame Synchronization Input signal (TxSync_n)  
Transmit Input Clock (TxInClk_n)  
Transmit Time-slot Indication clock (TxTSClk_n)  
Transmit Time Slot indicator bits (TxTSb[4:0]_n)  
The Transmit Back-plane interface is still accepting data through TxSer_n at an E1 equivalent data rate of  
2.048Mbit/s. However, the local Terminal Equipment supplies a free-running 4.096MHz clock to the Transmit Input  
Clock pin of the framer. The local Terminal Equipment provides synchronized payload data at every other rising  
edge of the Transmit Input Clock. The Transmit High-speed Back-plane Interface of the framer then latches in-  
coming serial data at every other falling edge of the clock. The local Terminal Equipment should pump in data  
grouped in 256-bit frame 8000 times every second. Each frame consists of thirty-two octets as in E1. The local  
Terminal Equipment maps a 193-bit T1 frame into this 256-bit format as described below:  
1. The Framing (F-bit) is mapped into MSB of the first E1 Time-slot. The local Terminal Equipment will stuff  
the rest seven bits of the first octet with "don't care" bits that would be ignored by the framer.  
2. Payload data of T1 Time-slot 0, 1 and 2 are mapped into E1 Time-slot 1, 2 and 3.  
3. The local Terminal Equipment will stuff E1 Time-slot 4 with eight "don't care" bits that would be ignored by  
the framer.  
4. Following the same rules of Step 2 and 3, the local Terminal Equipment maps every three time-slots of T1  
payload data into four E1 time-slots.  
The mapping of T1 frame into E1 framing format is shown in the table below.  
TABLE 40: THE MAPPING OF T1 FRAME INTO E1 FRAMING FORMAT  
T1  
E1  
T1  
E1  
T1  
E1  
T1  
E1  
F-BIT  
TS0  
TS0  
TS1  
TS1  
TS2  
TS2  
TS3  
DON'T CARE BITS  
TS4  
TS3  
TS5  
TS4  
TS6  
TS5  
TS7  
Don't Care Bits  
TS8  
TS6  
TS7  
TS8  
Don't Care Bits  
TS12  
TS9  
TS10  
TS14  
TS16  
TS22  
TS22  
TS30  
TS11  
TS15  
TS17  
TS23  
TS23  
TS31  
TS9  
TS10  
TS13  
TS18  
TS19  
TS26  
TS11  
TS14  
TS19  
TS20  
TS27  
TS13  
TS15  
TS21  
TS21  
TS29  
Don't Care Bits  
TS16  
TS12  
TS17  
TS18  
TS25  
Don't Care Bits  
TS20  
Don't Care Bits  
TS24  
Don't Care Bits  
TS28  
The Transmit Single-frame Synchronization input signal (TxSync_n) should pulse HIGH at the beginning (F-bit  
position) of the 256-bit frame indicating start of the frame. By sampling the HIGH pulse on the Transmit Single-  
frame Synchronization signal, the framer can position the beginning of a DS1 frame. It is responsibility of the local  
Terminal Equipment to align the Transmit Single-frame Synchronization signal with serial data stream going into  
the framer.  
Inside the framer, all the "don't care" bits will be stripped away. The framing bits, signaling and payload data are  
then processed by the framer and send to LIU interface. The local Terminal Equipment provides a free-running  
1.544MHz clock to the Transmit Serial Input clock. The framer will use this clock to carry the processed payload  
and signaling data to the transmit section of the device.  
212  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
See Figure 31 below for how to interface the local Terminal Equipment with the Transmit Payload Data Input Inter-  
face block of the framer in MVIP 4.096Mbit/s mode.  
FIGURE 31. INTERFACING XRT84L38 TO THE LOCAL TERMINAL EQUIPMENT USING 4.096MBIT/S DATA BUS  
XRT84L38  
TxSerClk_0  
Transmit  
TxSer_0  
Payload  
TxInClk_0 (4.096MHz) Data Input  
Interface  
Chn 0  
TxSync_0  
Terminal  
Equipment  
TxSerClk_7  
Transmit  
TxSer_7  
Payload  
Data Input  
Interface  
Chn 7  
TxInClk_7 (4.096MHz)  
TxSync_7  
The timing diagram of input signals to the framer when running at 4.096Mbit/s mode is shown in Figure 32  
FIGURE 32. TIMING DIAGRAM OF THE INPUT SIGNALS TO THE FRAMER WHEN RUNNING AT 4.096MBIT/S MODE  
TxSerClk (4MHz)  
TxSerClk (2MHz)  
TxSerClk (INV)  
TxSer  
F
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8  
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8  
Don't Care  
Don't care  
Don't Care  
TxSync(input)  
TxTSb[0]/TxSig  
Don't Care  
Don't Care  
A B C D  
Don't Care  
A B C D  
Don't Care  
A B C D  
A B C D  
Note: The following signals are not aligned with the signals shown above. The TxTSClk is derived from 1.544MHz transmit clock.  
TxTSClk(INV)  
Don't Care  
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8  
Don't Care  
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8  
TxTSb[1]/TxFrTD  
4.1.3.3 T1 Transmit Input Interface - 8.192 MHz  
This interface mode is the same as running at 2.048 MHz. The only difference is that the Transmit Input Clock  
runs four times faster at 8.192MHz.  
When the Transmit Multiplex Enable bit is set to zero and the Transmit Interface Mode Select [1:0] bits are set to  
11, the Transmit Back-plane interface of framer is running at a clock rate of 8.192MHz.  
The interface consists of the following pins:  
213  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
Data input (TxSer_n)  
Transmit Serial Clock Input signal (TxSerClk_n)  
Transmit Single-frame Synchronization Input signal (TxSync_n)  
Transmit Input Clock (TxInClk_n)  
Transmit Time-slot Indication clock (TxTSClk_n)  
Transmit Time Slot indicator bits (TxTSb[4:0]_n)  
The Transmit Back-plane interface is still accepting data through TxSer_n at an E1 equivalent data rate of  
2.048Mbit/s. However, the local Terminal Equipment supplies a free-running 8.192MHz clock to the Transmit Input  
Clock pin of the framer. The local Terminal Equipment provides synchronized payload data at every other four ris-  
ing edge of the Transmit Input Clock. The Transmit High-speed Back-plane Interface of the framer then latches in-  
coming serial data at every other four falling edge of the clock. The local Terminal Equipment should pump in data  
grouped in 256-bit frame 8000 times every second. Each frame consists of thirty-two octets as in E1. The local  
Terminal Equipment maps a 193-bit T1 frame into this 256-bit format as described below:  
1. The Framing (F-bit) is mapped into MSB of the first E1 Time-slot. The local Terminal Equipment will stuff  
the rest seven bits of the first octet with "don't care" bits that would be ignored by the framer.  
2. Payload data of T1 Time-slot 0, 1 and 2 are mapped into E1 Time-slot 1, 2 and 3.  
3. The local Terminal Equipment will stuff E1 Time-slot 4 with eight "don't care" bits that would be ignored by  
the framer.  
4. Following the same rules of Step 2 and 3, the local Terminal Equipment maps every three time-slots of T1  
payload data into four E1 time-slots.  
The mapping of T1 frame into E1 framing format is shown in the table below.  
TABLE 41: THE MAPPING OF T1 FRAME INTO E1 FRAMING FORMAT  
T1  
E1  
T1  
E1  
T1  
E1  
T1  
E1  
F-Bit  
TS0  
TS0  
TS1  
TS1  
TS2  
TS2  
TS3  
Don't Care Bits  
TS4  
TS3  
TS5  
TS4  
TS6  
TS5  
TS7  
Don't Care Bits  
TS8  
TS6  
TS7  
TS8  
Don't Care Bits  
TS12  
TS9  
TS10  
TS14  
TS16  
TS22  
TS22  
TS30  
TS11  
TS15  
TS17  
TS23  
TS23  
TS31  
TS9  
TS10  
TS13  
TS18  
TS19  
TS26  
TS11  
TS14  
TS19  
TS20  
TS27  
TS13  
TS15  
TS21  
TS21  
TS29  
Don't Care Bits  
TS16  
TS12  
TS17  
TS18  
TS25  
Don't Care Bits  
TS20  
Don't Care Bits  
TS24  
Don't Care Bits  
TS28  
The Transmit Single-frame Synchronization input signal (TxSync_n) should pulse HIGH at the beginning (F-bit  
position) of the 256-bit frame indicating start of the frame. By sampling the HIGH pulse on the Transmit Single-  
frame Synchronization signal, the framer can position the beginning of a DS1 frame. It is responsibility of the local  
Terminal Equipment to align the Transmit Single-frame Synchronization signal with serial data stream going into  
the framer.  
Inside the framer, all the "don't care" bits will be stripped away. The framing bits, signaling and payload data are  
then processed by the framer and send to LIU interface. The local Terminal Equipment provides a free-running  
1.544MHz clock to the Transmit Serial Input clock. The framer will use this clock to carry the processed payload  
and signaling data to the transmit section of the device.  
214  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
See Figure 33 below for how to interface the local Terminal Equipment with the Transmit Payload Data Input Inter-  
face block of the framer in MVIP 8.192Mbit/s mode.  
FIGURE 33. INTERFACING XRT84L38 TO THE LOCAL TERMINAL EQUIPMENT USING 8.192MBIT/S DATA BUS  
XRT84L38  
TxSerClk_0  
Transmit  
TxSer_0  
Payload  
TxInClk_0 (8.192MHz) Data Input  
Interface  
Chn 0  
TxSync_0  
Terminal  
Equipment  
TxSerClk_7  
Transmit  
TxSer_7  
Payload  
Data Input  
Interface  
Chn 7  
TxInClk_7 (8.192MHz)  
TxSync_7  
The timing diagram of input signals to the framer when running at 8.192Mbit/s mode is shown in Figure 34.  
FIGURE 34. TIMING DIAGRAM OF THE INPUT SIGNALS TO THE FRAMER WHEN RUNNING AT 8.192MBIT/S MODE  
TxSerClk (8MHz)  
TxSerClk (2MHz)  
TxSerClk (INV)  
TxSer  
F
Don't Care  
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8  
Don't care  
Don't Care  
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8  
TxSync(input)  
TxTSb[0]/TxSig  
Don't Care  
Don't Care  
A B C D  
Don't Care  
A B C D  
Don't Care  
A B C D  
A B C D  
Note: The following signals are not aligned with the signals shown above. The TxTSClk is derived from 1.544MHz transmit clock.  
TxTSClk(INV)  
Don't Care  
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8  
Don't Care  
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8  
TxTSb[1]/TxFrTD  
4.1.3.4 T1 Transmit Input Interface - Multiplexed 12.352Mbit/s  
When the Transmit Multiplex Enable bit is set to one and the Transmit Interface Mode Select [1:0] bits are set to  
00, the Transmit Back-plane interface of framer is running at a clock rate of 12.352MHz.  
The interface consists of the following pins:  
Data input (TxSer_n)  
Transmit Serial Clock Input signal (TxSerClk_n)  
Transmit Single-frame Synchronization Input signal (TxSync_n)  
215  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
Transmit Input Clock (TxInClk_n)  
Transmit Time-slot Indication clock (TxTSClk_n)  
Transmit Time Slot indicator bits (TxTSb[4:0]_n)  
The Transmit Back-plane Interface is accepting data through TxSer_0 or TxSer_4 pins at 12.352Mbit/s. The local  
Terminal Equipment multiplexes payload and signaling data of every four channels into one data stream. Payload  
and signaling data of Channel 0-3 are multiplexed onto the Transmit Serial Data pin of Channel 0. Payload and  
signaling data of Channel 4-7 are multiplexed onto the Transmit Serial Data pin of Channel 4.  
Free-running clocks of 12.352MHz is supplied to the Transmit Input Clock pin of Channel 0 and Channel 4 of the  
framer. The local Terminal Equipment provides multiplexed payload data at rising edge of this Transmit Input  
Clock. The Transmit High-speed Back-plane Interface of the framer then latches incoming serial data at falling  
edge of the clock.  
The local Terminal Equipment maps four 1.544Mbit/s DS1 data streams into this 12.352Mbit/s data stream as de-  
scribed below:  
1. The F-bit of four channels are repeated and grouped together to form the first octet of the multiplexed data  
stream. The F-bit of Channel 0 is sent first, followed by F-bit of Channel 1 and 2. The F-bit of Channel 3 is  
sent last. The table below shows bit-pattern of the first octet.  
FIRST OCTET OF 12.352MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
F0  
F0  
F1  
F1  
F2  
F2  
F3  
F3  
FX: F-bit of Channel X  
2. Payload data of four channels are repeated and grouped together in a bit-interleaved way. The first payload  
bit of Timeslot 0 of Channel 0 is sent first, followed by the first payload bit of Timeslot 0 of Channel 1 and 2.  
The first payload bit of Timeslot 0 of Channel 3 is sent last. After the first bits of Timeslot 0 of all four chan-  
nels are sent, it comes the second bit of Timeslot 0 of Channel 0 and so on. The table below demonstrates  
how payload bits of four channels are mapped into the 12.352Mbit/s data stream.  
SECOND OCTET OF 12.352MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
10  
10  
11  
11  
12  
12  
13  
13  
THIRD OCTET OF 12.352MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
20  
20  
21  
21  
22  
22  
23  
23  
XY: The Xth payload bit of Channel Y  
3. The local Terminal Equipment also multiplexed signaling bits with payload bits and sent them together  
through the 12.352Mbit/s data stream. When the Terminal Equipment is sending the fifth payload bit of a  
particular channel, instead of sending it twice, it inserts the signaling bit A of that particular channel. Simi-  
216  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
larly, the sixth payload bit of a particular channels is followed by the signaling bit B of that channel; the sev-  
enth payload bit is followed by the signaling bit C; the eighth payload bit is followed by the signaling bit D.  
The following table illustrates how payload bits and signaling bits are multiplexed together into the 12.352Mbit/  
s data stream.  
SIXTH OCTET OF 12.352MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
50  
A0  
51  
A1  
52  
A2  
53  
A3  
SEVENTH OCTET OF 12.352MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
60  
B0  
61  
B1  
62  
B2  
63  
B3  
EIGHTH OCTET OF 12.352MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
70  
C0  
71  
C1  
72  
C2  
73  
C3  
NINETH OCTET OF 12.352MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
80  
D0  
81  
D1  
82  
D2  
83  
D3  
XY: The Xth payload bit of Channel Y  
AY: The signaling bit A of Channel Y  
4. Following the same rules of Step 2 and 3, the local Terminal Equipment maps the payload data and signal-  
ing data of four channels into a 12.352Mbit/s data stream.  
The Transmit Single-frame Synchronization signal of Channel 0 pulses HIGH for one clock cycle at the first bit po-  
sition (F-bit of channel 0) of the data stream with data from Channel 0-3 multiplexed together. The Transmit Sin-  
gle-frame Synchronization signal of Channel 4 pulses HIGH for one clock cycle at the first bit position (F-bit of  
Channel 4) of the data stream with data from Channel 4-7 multiplexed together. By sampling the HIGH pulse on  
the Transmit Single-frame Synchronization signal, the framer can position the beginning of the multiplexed DS1  
frame. It is responsibility of the Terminal Equipment to align the multiplexed transmit serial data with the Transmit  
Single-frame Synchronization pulse.  
Inside the framer, all the "don't care" bits will be stripped away. The framing bits, signaling and payload data are  
de-multiplexed inside the XRT84L38 and send to each individual channel. These data will be processed by each  
individual framer and send to LIU interface. The local Terminal Equipment provides a free-running 1.544MHz  
clock to the Transmit Serial Input clock of each channel. The framer will use this clock to carry the processed pay-  
load and signaling data to the transmit section of the device.  
217  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
See Figure 35 below for how to interface the local Terminal Equipment with the Transmit Payload Data Input Inter-  
face block of the framer in 12.352Mbit/s mode.  
FIGURE 35. INTERFACING XRT84L38 TO THE LOCAL TERMINAL EQUIPMENT USING BIT-MULTIPLEXED 12.352MBIT/  
S DATA BUS  
XRT84L38  
TxSer_0  
Transmit  
Payload  
Data Input  
Interface  
Chn 0  
TxInClk_0 (12.352MHz)  
TxSync_0  
TxSerClk_0 (1.544MHz)  
TxSerClk_1 (1.544MHz)  
TxSerClk_2 (1.544MHz)  
TxSerClk_3 (1.544MHz)  
Chn 1  
Chn 2  
Chn 3  
Terminal  
Equipment  
TxSer_4  
Transmit  
Payload  
Data Input  
Interface  
Chn 4  
TxInClk_4 (12.352MHz)  
TxSync_4  
TxSerClk_4 (1.544MHz)  
TxSerClk_5 (1.544MHz)  
TxSerClk_6 (1.544MHz)  
TxSerClk_7 (1.544MHz)  
Chn 5  
Chn 6  
Chn 7  
The Input signal timing is shown in Figure 36 below when the framer is running at 12.352Mbit/s mode.  
FIGURE 36. TIMING DIAGRAM OF THE INPUT SIGNALS TO THE FRAMER WHEN RUNNING AT 12.352MBIT/S MODE  
TxSerClk (12.352MHz)  
TxSerClk (INV)  
TxSer  
F0 F0 F1 F1 F2 F2 F3 F3 10 X 11 X 12 X 13 X 20 X 21  
X
30  
X
40  
X
50 A0 51 A1 52 A2 53 A3 60 B0 61 B1 62 B2 63 B3  
TxSync(input)  
4.1.3.5 T1 Transmit Input Interface - Bit-Multiplexed 16.384Mbit/s  
When the Transmit Multiplex Enable bit is set to one and the Transmit Interface Mode Select [1:0] bits are set to  
01, the Transmit Back-plane interface of framer is running at a clock rate of 16.384MHz.  
The interface consists of the following pins:  
Data input (TxSer_n)  
Transmit Serial Clock Input signal (TxSerClk_n)  
Transmit Single-frame Synchronization Input signal (TxSync_n)  
218  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
Transmit Input Clock (TxInClk_n)  
Transmit Time-slot Indication clock (TxTSClk_n)  
Transmit Time Slot indicator bits (TxTSb[4:0]_n)  
The Transmit Back-plane Interface is accepting data through TxSer_0 or TxSer_4 pins at 16.384Mbit/s. The local  
Terminal Equipment multiplexes payload and signaling data of every four channels into one data stream. Payload  
and signaling data of Channel 0-3 are multiplexed onto the Transmit Serial Data pin of Channel 0. Payload and  
signaling data of Channel 4-7 are multiplexed onto the Transmit Serial Data pin of Channel 4.  
Free-running clocks of 16.384MHz is supplied to the Transmit Input Clock pin of Channel 0 and Channel 4 of the  
framer. The local Terminal Equipment provides multiplexed payload data at rising edge of this Transmit Input  
Clock. The Transmit High-speed Back-plane Interface of the framer then latches incoming serial data at falling  
edge of the clock.  
The local Terminal Equipment maps four 1.544Mbit/s DS1 data streams into this 16.384Mbit/s data stream as de-  
scribed below:  
1. The F-bit of four channels are repeated and grouped together to form the first octet of the multiplexed data  
stream. The F-bit of Channel 0 is sent first, followed by F-bit of Channel 1 and 2. The F-bit of Channel 3 is  
sent last. The table below shows bit-pattern of the first octet.  
FIRST OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
F0  
F0  
F1  
F1  
F2  
F2  
F3  
F3  
FX: F-bit of Channel X  
2. After the first octet of data is sent, the local Terminal Equipment should insert seven octets (fifty-six bits) of  
"don't care" data into the outgoing data stream.  
3. Payload data of four channels are repeated and grouped together in a bit-interleaved way. The first payload  
bit of Timeslot 0 of Channel 0 is sent first, followed by the first payload bit of Timeslot 0 of Channel 1 and 2.  
The first payload bit of Timeslot 0 of Channel 3 is sent last. After the first bits of Timeslot 0 of all four chan-  
nels are sent, it comes the second bit of Timeslot 0 of Channel 0 and so on. The table below demonstrates  
how payload bits of four channels are mapped into the 16.384Mbit/s data stream.  
NINETH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
10  
10  
11  
11  
12  
12  
13  
13  
TENTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
20  
20  
21  
21  
22  
22  
23  
23  
XY: The Xth payload bit of Channel Y  
219  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
4. The local Terminal Equipment also multiplexed signaling bits with payload bits and sent them together  
through the 16.384Mbit/s data stream. When the Terminal Equipment is sending the fifth payload bit of a  
particular channel, instead of sending it twice, it inserts the signaling bit A of that particular channel. Simi-  
larly, the sixth payload bit of a particular channels is followed by the signaling bit B of that channel; the sev-  
enth payload bit is followed by the signaling bit C; the eighth payload bit is followed by the signaling bit D.  
The following table illustrates how payload bits and signaling bits are multiplexed together into the 16.384Mbit/  
s data stream.  
THIRTEENTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
50  
A0  
51  
A1  
52  
A2  
53  
A3  
FOURTEENTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
60  
B0  
61  
B1  
62  
B2  
63  
B3  
FIFTEENTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
70  
C0  
71  
C1  
72  
C2  
73  
C3  
SIXTEENTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
80  
D0  
81  
D1  
82  
D2  
83  
D3  
XY: The Xth payload bit of Channel Y  
AY: The signaling bit A of Channel Y  
5. After payload bits of Timeslot 0, 1 and 2 of all four channels are sent, the Terminal Equipment should stuff  
another eight octets (sixty-four bits) of "don't care" data into the outgoing data stream.  
6. Following the same rules of Step 2 to 5, the local Terminal Equipment stuffs eight octets of "don't care"  
data after sending twenty-four octets of multiplexed payload and signaling data. A 16.384Mbit/s data  
stream is thus created.  
The Transmit Single-frame Synchronization signal of Channel 0 pulses HIGH for one clock cycle at the first bit po-  
sition (F-bit of channel 0) of the data stream with data from Channel 0-3 multiplexed together. The Transmit Sin-  
gle-frame Synchronization signal of Channel 4 pulses HIGH for one clock cycle at the first bit position (F-bit of  
Channel 4) of the data stream with data from Channel 4-7 multiplexed together. By sampling the HIGH pulse on  
the Transmit Single-frame Synchronization signal, the framer can position the beginning of the multiplexed DS1  
frame. It is responsibility of the Terminal Equipment to align the multiplexed transmit serial data with the Transmit  
Single-frame Synchronization pulse.  
220  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
Inside the framer, all the "don't care" bits will be stripped away. The framing bits, signaling and payload data are  
de-multiplexed inside the XRT84L38 and send to each individual channel. These data will be processed by each  
individual framer and send to LIU interface. The local Terminal Equipment provides a free-running 1.544MHz  
clock to the Transmit Serial Input clock of each channel. The framer will use this clock to carry the processed pay-  
load and signaling data to the transmit section of the device.  
See Figure 37 below for how to interface the local Terminal Equipment with the Transmit Payload Data Input Inter-  
face block of the framer in Bit-multiplexed 16.384Mbit/s mode.  
FIGURE 37. INTERFACING XRT84L38 TO THE LOCAL TERMINAL EQUIPMENT USING 16.384MBIT/S DATA BUS  
XRT84L38  
TxSer_0  
Transmit  
Payload  
Data Input  
Interface  
Chn 0  
TxInClk_0 (16.384MHz)  
TxSync_0  
TxSerClk_0 (1.544MHz)  
TxSerClk_1 (1.544MHz)  
TxSerClk_2 (1.544MHz)  
TxSerClk_3 (1.544MHz)  
Chn 1  
Chn 2  
Chn 3  
Terminal  
Equipment  
TxSer_4  
Transmit  
Payload  
Data Input  
Interface  
Chn 4  
TxInClk_4 (16.384MHz)  
TxSync_4  
TxSerClk_4 (1.544MHz)  
TxSerClk_5 (1.544MHz)  
TxSerClk_6 (1.544MHz)  
TxSerClk_7 (1.544MHz)  
Chn 5  
Chn 6  
Chn 7  
The Input signal timing is shown in Figure 38 below when the framer is running at Bit-Multiplexed 16.384Mbit/s  
mode.  
FIGURE 38. TIMING DIAGRAM OF THE INPUT SIGNALS TO THE FRAMER WHEN RUNNING AT BIT-MULTIPLEXED  
16.384MBIT/S MODE  
TxSerClk (16.384MHz)  
TxSerClk (INV)  
56 cycles  
TxSer  
F0 F0 F1 F1 F2 F2 F3 F3  
10 X 11 X 12 X 13 X 20 X 21  
X
30  
X
40  
X
50 A0 51 A1 52 A2 53 A3  
TxSync(input)  
4.1.3.6 T1 Transmit Input Interface - HMVIP 16.384Mbit/s  
221  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
When the Transmit Multiplex Enable bit is set to one and the Transmit Interface Mode Select [1:0] bits are set to  
10, the Transmit Back-plane interface of framer is running at a clock rate of 16.384MHz.  
The interface consists of the following pins:  
Data input (TxSer_n)  
Transmit Serial Clock Input signal (TxSerClk_n)  
Transmit Single-frame Synchronization Input signal (TxSync_n)  
Transmit Input Clock (TxInClk_n)  
Transmit Time-slot Indication clock (TxTSClk_n)  
Transmit Time Slot indicator bits (TxTSb[4:0]_n)  
The Transmit Back-plane Interface is accepting data through TxSer_0 or TxSer_4 pins at 16.384Mbit/s. The local  
Terminal Equipment multiplexes payload and signaling data of every four channels into one data stream. Payload  
and signaling data of Channel 0-3 are multiplexed onto the Transmit Serial Data pin of Channel 0. Payload and  
signaling data of Channel 4-7 are multiplexed onto the Transmit Serial Data pin of Channel 4.  
Free-running clocks of 16.384MHz is supplied to the Transmit Input Clock pin of Channel 0 and Channel 4 of the  
framer. The local Terminal Equipment provides multiplexed payload data at rising edge of this Transmit Input  
Clock. The Transmit High-speed Back-plane Interface of the framer then latches incoming serial data at falling  
edge of the clock.  
The local Terminal Equipment maps four 1.544Mbit/s DS1 data streams into this 16.384Mbit/s data stream as de-  
scribed below:  
1. The F-bit of four channels are repeated and grouped together to form the first octet of the multiplexed data  
stream. The F-bit of Channel 0 is sent first, followed by F-bit of Channel 1 and 2. The F-bit of Channel 3 is  
sent last. The table below shows bit-pattern of the first octet.  
FIRST OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
F0  
F0  
F1  
F1  
F2  
F2  
F3  
F3  
FX: F-bit of Channel X  
2. After the first octet of data is sent, the local Terminal Equipment should insert seven octets (fifty-six bits) of  
"don't care" data into the outgoing data stream.  
3. Payload data of four channels are repeated and grouped together in a byte-interleaved way. The first pay-  
load bit of Timeslot 0 of Channel 0 is sent first, followed by the second payload bit of Timeslot 0 of Channel  
0 and so on. After all the bits of Timeslot 0 of Channel 0 is sent repeatedly, the Terminal Equipment will  
start sending the payload bits of Timeslot 0 of Channel 1 and 2. The payload bits of Timeslot 0 of Channel  
3 are sent the last. After the payload bits of Timeslot 0 of all four channels are sent, it comes the payload  
bits of Timeslot 1 of Channel 0 and so on. The table below demonstrates how payload bits of four channels  
are mapped into the 16.384Mbit/s data stream.  
NINTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
10  
10  
20  
20  
30  
30  
40  
40  
222  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
ELEVENTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
11  
11  
21  
21  
31  
31  
41  
41  
THIRTEENTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
12  
12  
22  
22  
32  
32  
42  
42  
FIFTEENTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
13  
13  
23  
23  
33  
33  
43  
43  
XY: The Xth payload bit of Channel Y  
4. The local Terminal Equipment also multiplexed signaling bits with payload bits and sent them together  
through the 16.384Mbit/s data stream. When the Terminal Equipment is sending the fifth payload bit of a  
particular channel, instead of sending it twice, it inserts the signaling bit A of that particular channel. Simi-  
larly, the sixth payload bit of a particular channels is followed by the signaling bit B of that channel; the sev-  
enth payload bit is followed by the signaling bit C; the eighth payload bit is followed by the signaling bit D.  
The following table illustrates how payload bits and signaling bits are multiplexed together into the 16.384Mbit/s  
data stream.  
TENTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
50  
A0  
60  
B0  
70  
C0  
80  
D0  
TWELFTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
51  
A1  
61  
B1  
71  
C1  
81  
D1  
FOURTEENTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
52  
A2  
62  
B2  
72  
C2  
82  
D2  
223  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
SIXTEENTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
53  
A3  
63  
B3  
73  
C3  
83  
D3  
XY: The Xth payload bit of Channel Y  
AY: The signaling bit A of Channel Y  
5. After payload bits of Timeslot 0, 1 and 2 of all four channels are sent, the Terminal Equipment should stuff  
another eight octets (sixty-four bits) of "don't care" data into the outgoing data stream.  
6. Following the same rules of Step 2 to 5, the local Terminal Equipment stuffs eight octets of "don't care"  
data after sending twenty-four octets of multiplexed payload and signaling data. A 16.384Mbit/s data  
stream is thus created.  
The Transmit Single-frame Synchronization signal should pulse HIGH for four clock cycles (the last two bit posi-  
tions of the previous multiplexed frame and the first two bits of the next multiplexed frame) indicating frame bound-  
ary of the multiplexed data stream. The Transmit Single-frame Synchronization signal of Channel 0 pulses HIGH  
to identify the start of multiplexed data stream of Channel 0-3. The Transmit Single-frame Synchronization signal  
of Channel 4 pulses HIGH to identify the start of multiplexed data stream of Channel 4-7. By sampling the HIGH  
pulse on the Transmit Single-frame Synchronization signal, the framer can position the beginning of the multi-  
plexed DS1 frame. It is responsibility of the Terminal Equipment to align the multiplexed transmit serial data with  
the Transmit Single-frame Synchronization pulse.  
Inside the framer, all the "don't care" bits will be stripped away. The framing bits, signaling and payload data are  
de-multiplexed inside the XRT84L38 and send to each individual channel. These data will be processed by each  
individual framer and send to LIU interface. The local Terminal Equipment provides a free-running 1.544MHz  
clock to the Transmit Serial Input clock of each channel. The framer will use this clock to carry the processed pay-  
load and signaling data to the transmit section of the device.  
224  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
See Figure 39 below for how to interface the local Terminal Equipment with the Transmit Payload Data Input Inter-  
face block of the framer in HMVIP 16.384Mbit/s mode.  
FIGURE 39. INTERFACING XRT84L38 TO THE LOCAL TERMINAL EQUIPMENT USING HMVIP 16.384MBIT/S DATA  
BUS  
XRT84L38  
TxSer_0  
Transmit  
Payload  
Data Input  
Interface  
Chn 0  
TxInClk_0 (16.384MHz)  
TxSync_0  
TxSerClk_0 (1.544MHz)  
TxSerClk_1 (1.544MHz)  
TxSerClk_2 (1.544MHz)  
TxSerClk_3 (1.544MHz)  
Chn 1  
Chn 2  
Chn 3  
Terminal  
Equipment  
TxSer_4  
Transmit  
Payload  
Data Input  
Interface  
Chn 4  
TxInClk_4 (16.384MHz)  
TxSync_4  
TxSerClk_4 (1.544MHz)  
TxSerClk_5 (1.544MHz)  
TxSerClk_6 (1.544MHz)  
TxSerClk_7 (1.544MHz)  
Chn 5  
Chn 6  
Chn 7  
The Input signal timing is shown in Figure 40 below when the framer is running at HMVIP 16.384Mbit/s mode.  
FIGURE 40. TIMING DIAGRAM OF THE INPUT SIGNALS TO THE FRAMER WHEN RUNNING AT HMVIP 16.384MBIT/S  
MODE  
TxSerClk (16.384MHz)  
TxSerClk (INV)  
56 cycles  
56 cycles  
TxSer  
TxSig  
73 73 83 83 F0 F0 F1 F1 F2 F2 F3 F3  
Start of Frame  
10 10 20 20 30 30 40 40 50 A0 60 B0  
Xy : X is the bit number and y is the channel number  
0 0 0 0 0 0 A0A0B0B0C0C0 0 0 A2A2  
12 12  
52 52  
53 53 63 63 73 73 83 83  
A3A3B3B3C3C3D3D3  
C3C3D3D3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  
TxSync(input)  
HMVIP, negative sync  
TxSync(input)  
HMVIP, positive sync  
4.1.3.7 T1 Transmit Input Interface - H.100 16.384Mbit/s  
When the Transmit Multiplex Enable bit is set to one and the Transmit Interface Mode Select [1:0] bits are set to  
11, the Transmit Back-plane interface of framer is running at H.100 16.384Mbit/s mode.  
225  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
(The HMVIP mode and the H.100 mode are essential the same except for the HIGH pulse position of the Trans-  
mit Single-frame Synchronization Signal)  
The interface consists of the following pins:  
Data input (TxSer_n)  
Transmit Serial Clock Input signal (TxSerClk_n)  
Transmit Single-frame Synchronization Input signal (TxSync_n)  
Transmit Input Clock (TxInClk_n)  
Transmit Time-slot Indication clock (TxTSClk_n)  
Transmit Time Slot indicator bits (TxTSb[4:0]_n)  
The Transmit Back-plane Interface is accepting data through TxSer_0 or TxSer_4 pins at 16.384Mbit/s. The local  
Terminal Equipment multiplexes payload and signaling data of every four channels into one data stream. Payload  
and signaling data of Channel 0-3 are multiplexed onto the Transmit Serial Data pin of Channel 0. Payload and  
signaling data of Channel 4-7 are multiplexed onto the Transmit Serial Data pin of Channel 4.  
Free-running clocks of 16.384MHz is supplied to the Transmit Input Clock pin of Channel 0 and Channel 4 of the  
framer. The local Terminal Equipment provides multiplexed payload data at rising edge of this Transmit Input  
Clock. The Transmit High-speed Back-plane Interface of the framer then latches incoming serial data at falling  
edge of the clock.  
The local Terminal Equipment maps four 1.544Mbit/s DS1 data streams into this 16.384Mbit/s data stream as de-  
scribed below:  
1. The F-bit of four channels are repeated and grouped together to form the first octet of the multiplexed data  
stream. The F-bit of Channel 0 is sent first, followed by F-bit of Channel 1 and 2. The F-bit of Channel 3 is  
sent last. The table below shows bit-pattern of the first octet.  
FIRST OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
F0  
F0  
F1  
F1  
F2  
F2  
F3  
F3  
FX: F-bit of Channel X  
2. After the first octet of data is sent, the local Terminal Equipment should insert seven octets (fifty-six bits) of  
"don't care" data into the outgoing data stream.  
3. 3.Payload data of four channels are repeated and grouped together in a byte-interleaved way. The first pay-  
load bit of Timeslot 0 of Channel 0 is sent first, followed by the second payload bit of Timeslot 0 of Channel  
0 and so on. After all the bits of Timeslot 0 of Channel 0 is sent repeatedly, the Terminal Equipment will  
start sending the payload bits of Timeslot 0 of Channel 1 and 2. The payload bits of Timeslot 0 of Channel  
3 are sent the last. After the payload bits of Timeslot 0 of all four channels are sent, it comes the payload  
bits of Timeslot 1 of Channel 0 and so on. The table below demonstrates how payload bits of four channels  
are mapped into the 16.384Mbit/s data stream.  
NINTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
10  
10  
20  
20  
30  
30  
40  
40  
226  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
ELEVENTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
11  
11  
21  
21  
31  
31  
41  
41  
THIRTEENTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
12  
12  
22  
22  
32  
32  
42  
42  
FIFTEENTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
13  
13  
23  
23  
33  
33  
43  
43  
XY: The Xth payload bit of Channel Y  
4. The local Terminal Equipment also multiplexed signaling bits with payload bits and sent them together  
through the 16.384Mbit/s data stream. When the Terminal Equipment is sending the fifth payload bit of a  
particular channel, instead of sending it twice, it inserts the signaling bit A of that particular channel. Simi-  
larly, the sixth payload bit of a particular channels is followed by the signaling bit B of that channel; the sev-  
enth payload bit is followed by the signaling bit C; the eighth payload bit is followed by the signaling bit D.  
The following table illustrates how payload bits and signaling bits are multiplexed together into the 16.384Mbit/s  
data stream.  
TENTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
50  
A0  
60  
B0  
70  
C0  
80  
D0  
TWELFTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
51  
A1  
61  
B1  
71  
C1  
81  
D1  
FOURTEENTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
52  
A2  
62  
B2  
72  
C2  
82  
D2  
227  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
SIXTEENTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
53  
A3  
63  
B3  
73  
C3  
83  
D3  
XY: The Xth payload bit of Channel Y  
AY: The signaling bit A of Channel Y  
5. After payload bits of Timeslot 0, 1 and 2 of all four channels are sent, the Terminal Equipment should stuff  
another eight octets (sixty-four bits) of "don't care" data into the outgoing data stream.  
6. Following the same rules of Step 2 to 5, the local Terminal Equipment stuffs eight octets of "don't care"  
data after sending twenty-four octets of multiplexed payload and signaling data. A 16.384Mbit/s data  
stream is thus created.  
The Transmit Single-frame Synchronization signal should pulse HIGH for two clock cycles (the last bit position of  
the previous multiplexed frame and the first bit position of the next multiplexed frame) indicating frame boundary  
of the multiplexed data stream. The Transmit Single-frame Synchronization signal of Channel 0 pulses HIGH to  
identify the start of multiplexed data stream of Channel 0-3. The Transmit Single-frame Synchronization signal of  
Channel 4 pulses HIGH to identify the start of multiplexed data stream of Channel 4-7. By sampling the HIGH  
pulse on the Transmit Single-frame Synchronization signal, the framer can position the beginning of the multi-  
plexed DS1 frame. It is responsibility of the Terminal Equipment to align the multiplexed transmit serial data with  
the Transmit Single-frame Synchronization pulse.  
Inside the framer, all the "don't care" bits will be stripped away. The framing bits, signaling and payload data are  
de-multiplexed inside the XRT84L38 and send to each individual channel. These data will be processed by each  
individual framer and send to LIU interface. The local Terminal Equipment provides a free-running 1.544MHz  
clock to the Transmit Serial Input clock of each channel. The framer will use this clock to carry the processed pay-  
load and signaling data to the transmit section of the device.  
228  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
See Figure 41 below for how to interface the local Terminal Equipment with the Transmit Payload Data Input Inter-  
face block of the framer in H.100 16.384Mbit/s mode.  
FIGURE 41. INTERFACING XRT84L38 TO THE LOCAL TERMINAL EQUIPMENT USING H.100 16.384MBIT/S DATA BUS  
XRT84L38  
TxSer_0  
Transmit  
Payload  
Data Input  
Interface  
Chn 0  
TxInClk_0 (16.384MHz)  
TxSync_0  
TxSerClk_0 (1.544MHz)  
TxSerClk_1 (1.544MHz)  
TxSerClk_2 (1.544MHz)  
TxSerClk_3 (1.544MHz)  
Chn 1  
Chn 2  
Chn 3  
Terminal  
Equipment  
TxSer_4  
Transmit  
Payload  
Data Input  
Interface  
Chn 4  
TxInClk_4 (16.384MHz)  
TxSync_4  
TxSerClk_4 (1.544MHz)  
TxSerClk_5 (1.544MHz)  
TxSerClk_6 (1.544MHz)  
TxSerClk_7 (1.544MHz)  
Chn 5  
Chn 6  
Chn 7  
The Input signal timing is shown in Figure 42 below when the framer is running at H.100 16.384Mbit/s mode.  
FIGURE 42. TIMING DIAGRAM OF THE INPUT SIGNALS TO THE FRAMER WHEN RUNNING AT H.100 16.384MBIT/S  
MODE  
TxSerClk (16.384MHz)  
TxSerClk (INV)  
56 cycles  
56 cycles  
TxSer  
TxSig  
73 73 83 83 F0 F0 F1 F1 F2 F2 F3 F3  
Start of Frame  
10 10 20 20 30 30 40 40 50 A0 60 B0  
12 12  
52 52  
53 53 63 63 73 73 83 83  
A3A3B3B3C3C3D3D3  
Xy : X is the bit number and y is the channel number  
C3C3D3D3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  
0 0 0 0 0 0 A0A0B0B0C0C0  
0 0  
A2A2  
TxSync(input)  
H.100, negative sync  
TxSync(input)  
H.100, positive sync  
Delayer H.100  
TxSync(input)  
H.100, negative sync  
TxSync(input)  
H.100, positive sync  
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5.0 THE DS1 RECEIVE SECTION  
5.1 THE DS1 RECEIVE PAYLOAD DATA OUTPUT INTERFACE BLOCK  
5.1.1 Description of the Receive Payload Data Output Interface Block  
Each of the eight framers within the XRT84L38 includes a Receive Payload Data Output Interface block. The  
function of the block is to provide an interface to the Terminal Equipment (for example, a Central Office or  
switching equipment) that has data to receive from a "Far End" terminal over a DS1 or E1 transport medium.  
The Payload Data Output Interface module (also known as the Back-plane Interface module) supports payload  
data to be taken from or presented to the system. In DS1 mode, supported data rates are 1.544Mbit/s, MVIP  
2.048Mbit/s, 4.096Mbit/s, 8.192Mbit/s, multiplexed 12.352Mbit/s, multiplexed 16.384Mbit/s, HMVIP  
16.384Mbit/s or H.100 16.384Mbit/s. In E1 mode, supported data rates are XRT84V24 compatible 2.048Mbit/s,  
MVIP 2.048Mbit/s, 4.096Mbit/s, 8.192Mbit/s, multiplexed 16.384Mbit/s, HMVIP 16.384Mbit/s or H.100  
16.384Mbit/s.  
The Receive Payload Data Output Interface block supplies or accepts the following signals to the Terminal  
Equipment circuitry:  
Receive Serial Data Input (RxSer_n)  
Receive Serial Clock (RxSerClk_n)  
Receive Single-frame Synchronization Signal (RxSync_n)  
Receive Multi-frame Synchronization Signal (RxMSync_n)  
Receive Time-slot Indicator Clock (RxTSClk_n)  
Receive Time-slot Indication Bits (RxTSb[4:0]_n)  
The Receive Serial Data is an output pin carrying payload, signaling and sometimes Data Link data supplied  
by XRT84L38 to the local Terminal Equipment.  
The Receive Serial Clock is an input or output signal used by the Receive Payload Data Input Interface block to  
send out serial data to the local Terminal Equipment. The Receive Clock Inversion bit of the Receive Interface  
Control Register (TICR) determines at which edge of the Receive Serial Clock would data transition on the Re-  
ceive Serial Data pin occur.  
The table below shows configurations of the Receive Clock Inversion bit of the Receive Interface Control Reg-  
ister (RICR).  
RECEIVE INTERFACE CONTROL REGISTER (RICR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0xn0H, 0x22H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
3
Receive Clock  
Inversion  
R/W  
0 - Serial data transition happens on rising edge of the Receive Serial Clock.  
1 - Serial data transition happens on falling edge of the Receive Serial Clock.  
Throughout the discussion of this datasheet, we assume that serial data transition happens on the rising edge  
of the Receive Serial Clock unless stated otherwise.  
The Receive Single-frame Synchronization signal is either input or output. When configured as input, it indi-  
cates beginning of a DS1 frame. When configured as output, it indicates the end of a DS1 frame.  
The Receive Multi-frame Synchronization signal is an output pin from XRT84L38 indicating the end of a DS1  
multi-frame.  
By connecting these signals with the local Terminal Equipment, the Receive Payload Data Output Interface  
routes received payload data from the Receive Framer Module to the local Terminal Equipment.  
5.1.2 The Receive Payload Data Output Interface Block Operating at 1.544Mbit/s mode  
The incoming Receive Payload Data is taken into the framer from the LIU interface using the Recovered Re-  
ceive Line Clock. The payload data is then routed through the Receive Farmer Module and presented to the  
Receive Payload Data Output Interface through the Receive Serial Data output pin (RxSer_n). This data is then  
clocked out using the Receive Serial Clock (RxSerClk_n).  
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There is a two-frame (512 bits) elastic buffer between the Receive Framer Module and the Receive Payload  
Data Output Interface. This buffer can be enabled or disabled via programming the Slip Buffer Enable [1:0] bits  
in Slip Buffer Control Register (SBCR).  
The following table shows configurations of the Slip Buffer Enable [1:0] bits in Slip Buffer Control Register.  
SLIP BUFFER CONTROL REGISTER (SBCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0xn0H, 0x16H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
1-0  
Slip Buffer  
Enable  
R/W  
00 - Slip Buffer is bypassed. The Receive Payload Data is passing from the  
Receive Framer Module to the Receive Payload Data Output Interface directly  
without routing through the Slip Buffer. The Receive Serial Clock signal  
(RxSerClk_n) is an output.  
01 - The Elastic Store (Slip Buffer) is enabled. The Receive Payload Data is  
passing from the Receive Framer Module through the Slip Buffer to the Receive  
Payload Data Output Interface. The Receive Serial Clock signal (RxSerClk_n) is  
an input.  
10 - The Slip Buffer acts as a FIFO. The FIFO Latency Register (FLR) deter-  
mines the data latency. The Receive Payload Data is passing from the Receive  
Framer Module through the FIFO to the Receive Payload Data Output Interface.  
The Receive Serial Clock signal (RxSerClk_n) is an input.  
11 - Slip Buffer is bypassed. The Receive Payload Data is passing from the  
Receive Framer Module to the Receive Payload Data Output Interface directly  
without routing through the Slip Buffer. The Receive Serial Clock signal  
(RxSerClk_n) is an output.  
If the Slip Buffer is not in bypass mode, then the user has the option of either providing the Receive Single-  
Frame Synchronization pulse or getting the Receive Single-Frame Synchronization pulse on frame boundary at  
the RxSync_n pin. The Slip Buffer Receive Synchronization Direction bit of the Slip Buffer Control Register  
(SBCR) determines whether the Receive Single-Frame Synchronization signal is input or output.  
The table below demonstrates settings of the Slip Buffer Receive Synchronization Direction bit of the Slip Buff-  
er Control Register.  
SLIP BUFFER CONTROL REGISTER (SBCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0xn0H, 0x16H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
2
Slip Buffer  
Receive  
R/W  
0 - The Receive Single-Frame Synchronization signal (RxSync_n) is an output  
if the Slip Buffer is not in bypass mode.  
Synchronization  
Direction  
1 - The Receive Single-Frame Synchronization signal (RxSync_n) is an input if  
the Slip Buffer is not in bypass mode.  
If the Slip Buffer is in bypass mode, the Receive Payload Data is routed to the Receive Payload Data Output In-  
terface from the Receive Framer Module directly. The Recovered Line Clock is used to carry the Receive Pay-  
load Data all the way from the LIU interface, to the Receive Framer Module and eventually output through the  
Receive Serial Data output pin. The Receive Serial Clock signal is therefore an output using the Recovered  
Receive Line Clock as timing source. The Receive Single-Frame Synchronization signal is also output in Slip  
Buffer bypass mode.  
If the Slip Buffer is enabled, the Receive Payload Data is latched into the Elastic Store using the Recovered  
Receive Line Clock. The local Terminal Equipment supplies a free-running 1.544MHz clock to the Receive Se-  
rial Clock pin to latch the Receive Payload Data out from the Elastic Store. Since the Recovered Receive Line  
Clock and the Receive Serial Clock are coming from different timing sources, the Slip Buffer will gradually fill or  
empty. If the elastic buffer either fills or empties, a controlled slip will occur. If the buffer empties and a read oc-  
curs, then a full frame of data will be repeated and a status bit will be updated. If the buffer fills and a write  
comes, then a full frame of data will be deleted and another status bit will be set. A detailed description of the  
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Elastic Buffer can be found in later sections. In this mode, the Receive Single-Frame Synchronization signal  
can be either input or output depending on the settings of the Slip Buffer Receive Synchronization Direction bit  
of the Slip Buffer Control Register.  
If the Slip Buffer is put into a FIFO mode, it is acting like a standard First-In-First-Out storage. A fixed READ  
and WRITE latency is maintained in a programmable fashion controlled by the FIFO Latency Register  
(FIFOLR). The local Terminal Equipment supplies a 1.544MHz clock to the Receive Serial Clock pin to latch  
the Receive Payload Data out from the FIFO. However, it is the responsibility of the user to phase lock the input  
Receive Serial Clock to the Recovered Receive Line Clock to avoid either over-run or under-run of the FIFO. In  
this mode, the Receive Single-Frame Synchronization signal can be either input or output depending on the  
settings of the Slip Buffer Receive Synchronization Direction bit of the Slip Buffer Control Register.  
The following table summaries the input or output nature of the Receive Serial Clock and Receive Single-  
Frame Synchronization signals for different Slip Buffer settings.  
TABLE 42: THE RECEIVE SERIAL CLOCK AND RECEIVE SINGLE-FRAME SYNCHRONIZATION SIGNALS FOR DIFFERENT  
SLIP BUFFER SETTINGS  
RXSYNC_N  
RECEIVE TIMING SOURCE  
RXSERCLK_N  
SLIP BUFFER SYNCHRONIZATION SLIP BUFFER SYNCHRONIZATION  
DIRECTION BIT = 0  
DIRECTION BIT = 1  
Slip Buffer Bypassed  
Slip Buffer Enabled  
Output  
Input  
Output  
Output  
Output  
Input  
Slip Buffer Acts as FIFO  
Input  
Output  
Input  
The Receive Time-slot Indication Bits (RxTSb[4:0]_n) are multiplexed I/O pins. The functionality of these pins is  
governed by the value of Receive Fractional T1 Output Enable bit of the Receive Interface Control Register  
(RICR). The following table illustrates the configurations of the Receive Fractional DS1 Input Enable bit.  
RECEIVE INTERFACE CONTROL REGISTER (RICR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0xn0H, 0x22H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
4
Receive  
Fractional DS1  
Output Enable  
R/W  
0 - The Receive Time-slot Indication bits (RxTSb[4:0] are outputting five-bit  
binary values of Time-slot number (0-23) being accepted and processed by the  
Receive Payload Data Output Interface block of the framer.  
The Receive Time-slot Indicator Clock signal (RxTSClk_n) is a 192KHz clock  
that pulses HIGH for one DS1 bit period whenever the Receive Payload Data  
Output Interface block is accepting the LSB of each of the twenty-four time slots.  
1 - The RxTSb[0]_n bit becomes the Receive Fractional T1 Output signal  
(RxFrTD_n) which carries Fractional DS1 payload data from the framer.  
The RxTSb[1]_n bit becomes the Receive Signaling Data Output signal  
(RxSig_n) which is used to carry robbed-bit signaling data extracted from the  
inbound DS1 frame.  
The RxTSb[2]_n bit serially outputs all five-bit binary values of the Time Slot  
number (0-23) being accepted and processed by the Receive Payload Data Out-  
put Interface block of the framer.  
The RxTSClk_n will output gaped fractional DS1 clock that can be used by Ter-  
minal Equipment to latch in Fractional DS1 payload data at rising edge of the  
clock. Or,  
The RxTSClk_n pin will be a clock enable signal to Receive Fractional DS1 Out-  
put signal (RxFrTD_n) when the un-gaped Receive Serial Output Clock  
(RxSerClk_n) is used to latch in Fractional DS1 Payload Data into the Terminal  
Equipment.  
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When configured to operate in normal condition (that is, when the Receive Fractional T1 Input Enable bit is  
equal to zero), these bits reflect the five-bit binary value of the Time Slot number (0 - 23) being outputted and  
processed by the Receive Payload Data Output Interface block of the framer. RxTSb[4] represents the MSB of  
the binary value and RxTSb[0] represents the LSB.  
When the Receive Fractional T1 Output Enable bit is equal to one, the RxTSb[0]_n bit becomes the Receive  
Fractional T1 Output signal (RxFrTD_n). This output pin carries Fractional T1 Output data extracted by the  
framer from the incoming DS1 data stream. The Fractional T1 Output Interface allows certain time-slots of DS1  
data to be routed to destinations other than the local Terminal Equipment. Function of the Fractional T1 Output  
signal will be discussed in details in later sections.  
When the Receive Fractional T1 Output Enable bit is equal to one, the RxTSb[1]_n bit becomes the Receive  
Signaling Data Output signal (RxSig_n). These output pins can be used to carry robbed-bit signaling data ex-  
tracted from the inbound DS1 frame. Function of the Receive Signaling Data Output signal will be discussed in  
details in later sections.  
When the Receive Fractional T1 Output Enable bit is equal to one, the RxTSb[2]_n bit serially outputs all five-  
bit binary values of the Time Slot number (0-23) being outputted and processed by the Receive Payload Data  
Output Interface block of the framer. MSB of the binary value is presented first and the LSB is presented last.  
The RxTSb[3]_n and RxTSb[4}_n pins are not multiplexed.  
The table below shows functionality of the RxTSb[2:0] bits when the Receive Fractional T1 Output bit is set to  
different values.  
TABLE 43: THE RXTSB[2:0] BITS WHEN THE RECEIVE FRACTIONAL T1 OUTPUT BIT IS SET TO DIFFERENT VALUES  
RECEIVE FRACTIONAL T1 OUTPUT BIT = 0  
RECEIVE FRACTIONAL T1 OUTPUT BIT = 1  
RxTSb[0]  
RxTSb[1]  
RxTSb[2]  
Output  
Output  
Output  
RxFrTD  
RxSig  
RxTS  
Output  
Output  
Output  
The Receive Time-slot Indicator Clock signal (RxTSClk_n) is a multi-function output pin. When configured to  
operate in normal condition (that is, when the Receive Fractional T1 Input Enable bit is equal to zero), the  
RxTSClk_n is a 192KHz clock that pulses HIGH for one DS1 bit period whenever the Receive Payload Data  
Output Interface block is outputting the LSB of each of the twenty-four time slots. The local Terminal Equipment  
should use this clock signal to sample the RxTSb[0] through RxTSb[4] bits and identify the time-slot being pro-  
cessed via the Receive Section of the framer.  
When the Receive Fractional T1 Output Enable bit is equal to one, the RxTSClk_n will output gaped fractional  
DS1 clock whenever Fractional DS1 payload data is present at the RxFrTD_n pin. The local Terminal Equip-  
ment can latch in Fractional DS1 payload data at falling edge of the clock. Otherwise, this pin will be a clock en-  
able signal to Receive Fractional DS1 output signal (RxFrTD_n) if the framer is configured accordingly. In this  
way, Fractional DS1 payload data is clocked into the Terminal Equipment using un-gaped Receive Serial Out-  
put Clock (RxSerClk_n). A detailed discussion of the Fractional DS1 Payload Data Output Interface can be  
found in later sections.  
A detailed discussion of how to connect the Receive Payload Data Output Interface block to the local Terminal  
Equipment with Slip Buffer enabled or disabled can be found in the later sections.  
5.1.2.1 Connect the Receive Payload Data Output Interface block to the Local Terminal Equipment if  
the Slip Buffer is bypassed  
By setting the Slip Buffer Enable [1:0] bits of the Slip Buffer Control Register to 00 or 11, the Receive Framer  
Module routes the Receive Payload Data directly to the Receive Payload Data Output Interface without passing  
through the Elastic Buffer. The XRT84L38 uses the Recovered Receive Line Clock internally to carry the Re-  
ceive Payload Data directly across the whole chip. The Recovered Receive Line Clock is essentially become  
timing source of the Receive Serial Clock output.  
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If the Slip Buffer is bypassed, the Receive Single-frame Synchronization signal is automatically configured to  
be output signals. It should pulse HIGH for one DS1 bit period (648ns) at the last bit position of each DS1  
frame. By triggering on the HIGH pulse on the Receive Single-frame Synchronization signal, the Terminal  
Equipment can identify the end of a DS1 frame and should prepare to accept payload data of the next DS1  
frame from the framer.  
The Receive Multi-frame Synchronization signal should pulse HIGH for one DS1 bit period (648ns) at the last  
bit position of a DS1 multi-frame. By triggering on the HIGH pulse on the Receive Multi-frame Synchronization  
signal, the framer can identify the end of a DS1 super-frame and should prepare to accept payload data of the  
next DS1 super-frame from the framer.  
See Figure 43 for how to connect the Receive Payload Data Output Interface block to the local Terminal Equip-  
ment when the Slip Buffer is bypassed and the Recovered Receive Line Clock is timing source of the Receive  
section.  
FIGURE 43. INTERFACING XRT84L38 LOCAL TERMINAL EQUIPMENT WITH SLIP BUFFER BYPASSED AND RECOV-  
ERED RECEIVE LINE CLOCK AS RECEIVE TIMING SOURCE  
XRT84L38  
RxSerClk_0  
RxLineClk_0  
RxSer_0  
Receive  
Payload  
Data Input  
Interface  
Chn 0  
RxMSync_0  
RxSync_0  
RxTSClk_0  
RxTSb[4:0]_0  
Terminal  
Equipment  
RxSerClk_7  
RxSer_7  
Receive  
Payload  
Data Input  
Interface  
Chn 7  
RxMSync_7  
RxSync_7  
RxTSClk_7  
RxTSb[4:0]_7  
RxLineClk_7  
The following Figure 44 shows waveforms of the signals (RxSerClk_n, RxSer_n, RxSync_n, RxTSClk_n and  
RxTSb[4:0]_n) which connecting the Receive Payload Data Output Interface block to the local Terminal Equip-  
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ment when the Slip Buffer is bypassed and the Recovered Receive Line Clock is timing source of the Receive  
section.  
FIGURE 44. WAVEFORMS OF THE SIGNALS CONNECTING THE RECEIVE PAYLOAD DATA OUTPUT INTERFACE BLOCK  
TO THE LOCAL TERMINAL EQUIPMENT WHEN THE SLIP BUFFER IS BYPASSED AND THE RECOVERED LINE CLOCK IS  
THE TIMING SOURCE OF THE RECEIVE SECTION  
Timeslot 0  
Timeslot 5  
Timeslot 6  
Input Data  
Timeslot 16  
Input Data  
RxSerClk  
RxSer  
RxSync(input)  
RxSync(output)  
RxTSClk  
RxTSb[4:0]  
Timeslot #0  
Timeslot #5  
Timeslot #6  
Timeslot #16  
RxTSb[0]/RxSig  
RxTSb[2]/RxTSb  
A B C D  
A B C D  
A B C D  
A B C D  
c1 c2 c3 c4 c5  
c1 c2 c3 c4 c5  
c1 c2 c3 c4 c5  
c1 c2 c3 c4 c5  
RxTSClk  
RxTSb[1]/RxFrTD  
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8  
5.1.2.2 Connect the Receive Payload Data Output Interface block to the Local Terminal Equipment if  
the Slip Buffer is enabled  
By setting the Slip Buffer Enable [1:0] bits of the Slip Buffer Control Register to 01, the framer includes the two-  
frame Elastic Buffer into its data path. The Receive Framer Module routes the Receive Payload Data to the  
Elastic Buffer first. The Receive Payload Data is then presented to the Receive Payload Data Output Interface.  
The XRT84L38 uses the Recovered Receive Line Clock internally to clock in the Receive Payload Data into the  
Elastic Buffer. The Terminal Equipment should provide a 1.544MHz clock to the Receive Serial Clock input pin  
to latch data out from the Elastic Buffer.  
The Recovered Receive Line Clock and the Receive Serial Clock are generated from two different timing  
sources. That is, the Recovered Receive Line Clock is originating from a remote site while Receive Serial  
Clock generating by a local oscillator. Any mismatch in frequencies of these two clocks will result in the Slip  
Buffer to gradually fill or deplete.  
Overtime, the Elastic Buffer either fills or empties completely. Once that happened, a controlled slip by the  
XRT84L38 will occur. The Receive Slip Buffer Slip bit of the Slip Buffer Status Register (SBSR) is set to 1.  
If the buffer empties and a read occurs, then a full frame of data will be repeated and the Receive Slip Buffer  
Empty bit of the Slip Buffer Status Register (SBSR) will be forced HIGH. If the buffer fills and a write comes,  
then a full frame of data will be deleted and the Receive Slip Buffer Full bit of the Slip Buffer Status Register  
(SBSR) will be forced HIGH.  
The following table demonstrates settings of the Receive Slip Buffer Slip bit, Receive Slip Buffer Empty bit and  
Receive Slip Buffer Full bit of the Slip Buffer Status Register.  
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SLIP BUFFER STATUS REGISTER (SBSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0xnAH, 0x08H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
2
Receive Slip  
Buffer Full  
R/W  
0 - The Receive Slip Buffer is not full.  
1 - The Receive Slip Buffer is full and one frame of data is discarded.  
1
0
Receive Slip  
Buffer Empty  
R/W  
R/W  
0 - The Receive Slip Buffer is not empty.  
1 - The Receive Slip Buffer is empty and one frame of data is repeated.  
Receive Slip  
Buffer Slip  
0 - The Receive Slip Buffer does not slip.  
1 - The Receive Slip Buffer slips since either full or emptied.  
In this mode, the Receive Single-Frame Synchronization signal can be either input or output depending on the  
settings of the Slip Buffer Receive Synchronization Direction bit of the Slip Buffer Control Register. When the  
Slip Buffer Receive Synchronization Direction bit is set to 0, the Receive Single-Frame Synchronization signal  
(RxSync_n) is an output. When the Slip Buffer Receive Synchronization Direction bit is set to 1,the Receive  
Single-Frame Synchronization signal (RxSync_n) is an input.  
If the Receive Single-Frame Synchronization signal is an output, it should pulse HIGH for one DS1 bit period  
(648ns) at the last bit position of each DS1 frame. By triggering on the HIGH pulse on the Receive Single-  
frame Synchronization signal, the Terminal Equipment can identify the end of a DS1 frame and should prepare  
to accept payload data of the next DS1 frame from the framer.  
If the Receive Single-Frame Synchronization signal is an input, it should pulse HIGH for one DS1 bit period  
(648ns) at the first bit position (F-bit) of each DS1 frame. By sampling the HIGH pulse of the Receive Single-  
frame Synchronization signal, the framer should identify the beginning of a DS1 frame and can send out data in  
a synchronized way. It is the responsibility of the local Terminal Equipment to align the start of a DS1 frame  
with the Receive Single-Frame Synchronization pulse.  
The Receive Multi-frame Synchronization signal should pulse HIGH for one DS1 bit period (648ns) at the last  
bit position of Frame number one of a DS1 multi-frame. By triggering on the HIGH pulse on the Receive Multi-  
frame Synchronization signal, the framer can identify the end of a DS1 super-frame and should prepare to ac-  
cept payload data of the next DS1 super-frame from the framer.  
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See Figure 45 for how to connect the Receive Payload Data Output Interface block to the local Terminal Equip-  
ment when the Slip Buffer is enabled.  
FIGURE 45. INTERFACING XRT84L38 TO LOCAL TERMINAL EQUIPMENT WITH SLIP BUFFER ENABLED OR ACTS AS  
FIFO  
XRT84L38  
RxSerClk_0  
RxSer_0  
Receive  
RxMSync_0  
RxSync_0  
Payload  
Data Input  
Interface  
Chn 0  
RxTSClk_0  
RxTSb[4:0]_0  
Terminal  
Equipment  
RxSerClk_7  
RxSer_7  
Receive  
Payload  
Data Input  
Interface  
Chn 7  
RxMSync_7  
RxSync_7  
RxTSClk_7  
RxTSb[4:0]_7  
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The following Figure 46 shows waveforms of the signals (RxSerClk_n, RxSer_n, RxSync_n, RxTSClk_n and  
RxTSb[4:0]_n) which connecting the Receive Payload Data Output Interface block to the local Terminal Equip-  
ment when the Slip Buffer is enabled.  
FIGURE 46. WAVEFORMS OF THE SIGNALS THAT CONNECT THE RECEIVE PAYLOAD DATA OUTPUT INTERFACE  
BLOCK TO THE LOCAL TERMINAL EQUIPMENT WHEN THE SLIP BUFFER IS ENABLED  
Timeslot 0  
Timeslot 5  
Timeslot 6  
Input Data  
Timeslot 16  
Input Data  
RxSerClk  
RxSer  
RxSync(input)  
RxSync(output)  
RxTSClk  
RxTSb[4:0]  
Timeslot #0  
Timeslot #5  
Timeslot #6  
Timeslot #16  
RxTSb[0]/RxSig  
RxTSb[2]/RxTSb  
A B C D  
A B C D  
A B C D  
A B C D  
c1 c2 c3 c4 c5  
c1 c2 c3 c4 c5  
c1 c2 c3 c4 c5  
c1 c2 c3 c4 c5  
RxTSClk  
RxTSb[1]/RxFrTD  
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8  
5.1.2.3 Connect the Receive Payload Data Output Interface block to the Local Terminal Equipment if  
the Slip Buffer is configured as FIFO  
By setting the Slip Buffer Enable [1:0] bits of the Slip Buffer Control Register to 10, the framer puts the Elastic  
Buffer into FIFO mode. Receive Framer Module routes the Receive Payload Data through the First-In-First-Out  
storage to the Receive Payload Data Output Interface. The XRT84L38 uses the Recovered Receive Line Clock  
internally to clock in the Receive Payload Data into the FIFO. The Terminal Equipment should provide an exter-  
nal 1.544MHz clock to the Receive Serial Clock input pin to latch data out from the FIFO.  
It is the responsibility of the user to phase lock the input Receive Serial Clock to the Recovered Receive Line  
Clock to avoid either over-run or under-run of the FIFO. The latency between writing a bit into the FIFO and  
reading the same bit from it (READ and WRITE latency) is actually depth of the FIFO, which is maintained in a  
programmable fashion controlled by the FIFO Latency Register (FIFOLR). The largest possible depth of the  
FIFO is thirty-two bytes or one E1 frame. The default depth of the FIFO when XRT84L38 first powered up is  
four bytes. The table below shows the FIFO Latency Register.  
FIFO LATENCY REGISTER (FIFOLR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0xn0H, 0x17H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
4-0  
FIFO Latency  
R/W  
These bits determine depth of the FIFO in terms of bytes. The largest possible  
value is thirty-two bytes or one E1 frame.  
In this mode, the Receive Single-Frame Synchronization signal can be either input or output depending on the  
settings of the Slip Buffer Receive Synchronization Direction bit of the Slip Buffer Control Register. When the  
Slip Buffer Receive Synchronization Direction bit is set to 0, the Receive Single-Frame Synchronization signal  
238  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
(RxSync_n) is an. When the Slip Buffer Receive Synchronization Direction bit is set to 1,the Receive Single-  
Frame Synchronization signal (RxSync_n) is an input.  
If the Receive Single-Frame Synchronization signal is an output, it should pulse HIGH for one DS1 bit period  
(648ns) at the last bit position of each DS1 frame. By triggering on the HIGH pulse on the Receive Single-  
frame Synchronization signal, the Terminal Equipment can identify the end of a DS1 frame and should prepare  
to accept payload data of the next DS1 frame from the framer.  
If the Receive Single-Frame Synchronization signal is an input, it should pulse HIGH for one DS1 bit period  
(648ns) at the first bit position (F-bit) of each DS1 frame. By sampling the HIGH pulse of the Receive Single-  
frame Synchronization signal, the framer should identity the beginning of a DS1 frame and can send out data in  
a synchronized way. It is the responsibility of the local Terminal Equipment to align the start of a DS1 frame  
with the Receive Single-Frame Synchronization pulse.  
The Receive Multi-frame Synchronization signal should pulse HIGH for one DS1 bit period (648ns) at the last  
bit position of Frame number one of a DS1 multi-frame. By triggering on the HIGH pulse on the Receive Multi-  
frame Synchronization signal, the framer can identify the end of a DS1 super-frame and should prepare to ac-  
cept payload data of the next DS1 super-frame from the framer.  
See Figure 47 for how to connect the Receive Payload Data Output Interface block to the local Terminal Equip-  
ment when the Slip Buffer is acted as FIFO.  
FIGURE 47. INTERFACING XRT84L38 TO LOCAL TERMINAL EQUIPMENT WITH SLIP BUFFER ENABLED OR ACTS AS  
FIFO  
XRT84L38  
RxSerClk_0  
RxSer_0  
Receive  
RxMSync_0  
RxSync_0  
Payload  
Data Input  
Interface  
Chn 0  
RxTSClk_0  
RxTSb[4:0]_0  
Terminal  
Equipment  
RxSerClk_7  
RxSer_7  
Receive  
Payload  
Data Input  
Interface  
Chn 7  
RxMSync_7  
RxSync_7  
RxTSClk_7  
RxTSb[4:0]_7  
The following Figure 48 shows waveforms of the signals (RxSerClk_n, RxSer_n, RxSync_n, RxTSClk_n and  
RxTSb[4:0]_n) which connecting the Receive Payload Data Output Interface block to the local Terminal Equip-  
ment when the Slip Buffer is acted as FIFO.  
239  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
FIGURE 48. WAVEFORMS OF THE SIGNALS THAT CONNECT THE RECEIVE PAYLOAD DATA OUTPUT INTERFACE  
BLOCK TO THE LOCAL TERMINAL EQUIPMENT WHEN THE SLIP BUFFER IS ACTED AS FIFO  
Timeslot 0  
Timeslot 5  
Timeslot 6  
Input Data  
Timeslot 16  
Input Data  
RxSerClk  
RxSer  
RxSync(input)  
RxSync(output)  
RxTSClk  
RxTSb[4:0]  
Timeslot #0  
Timeslot #5  
Timeslot #6  
Timeslot #16  
RxTSb[0]/RxSig  
RxTSb[2]/RxTSb  
A B C D  
A B C D  
A B C D  
A B C D  
c1 c2 c3 c4 c5  
c1 c2 c3 c4 c5  
c1 c2 c3 c4 c5  
c1 c2 c3 c4 c5  
RxTSClk  
RxTSb[1]/RxFrTD  
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8  
5.1.3 High Speed Receive Back-plane Interface  
The High-speed Back-plane Interface supports payload data to be taken from or presented to the local Termi-  
nal Equipment at a rate higher than 1.544Mbit/s. In DS1 mode, supported High-speed data rates are MVIP  
2.048Mbit/s, 4.096Mbit/s, 8.192Mbit/s, multiplexed 12.352Mbit/s, multiplexed 16.384Mbit/s, HMVIP  
16.384Mbit/s or H.100 16.384Mbit/s. The Receive Multiplex Enable bit and the Receive Interface Mode Select  
[1:0] bits of the Receive Interface Control Register (RICR) determine the Receive Back-plane Interface data  
rate.  
The following table shows configurations of the Receive Multiplex Enable bit and the Receive Interface Mode  
Select [1:0] bits of the Receive Interface Control Register (RICR).  
RECEIVE INTERFACE CONTROL REGISTER (RICR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0xn0H, 0x22H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
2
Receive  
Multiplex Enable  
R/W  
0 - The Receive Back-plane Interface block is configured to non-channel-multi-  
plexed mode.  
1 - The Receive Back-plane Interface block is configured to channel-multiplexed  
mode  
1-0  
Receive  
Interface Mode  
Select  
R/W  
When combined with the Receive Multiplex Enable bit, these bits determine the  
Receive Back-plane Interface data rate.  
240  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
The table below shows the combinations of Receive Multiplex Enable bit and Receive Interface Mode Select  
[1:0] bits and the resulting Receive Back-plane Interface data rates.  
TABLE 44: RECEIVE MULTIPLEX ENABLE BIT AND RECEIVE INTERFACE MODE SELECT [1:0] BITS WITH THE  
RESULTING RECEIVE BACK-PLANE INTERFACE DATA RATES  
RECEIVE MULTIPLEX ENABLE  
BIT  
RECEIVE INTERFACE MODE  
SELECT BIT 1  
RECEIVE INTERFACE MODE  
SELECT BIT 0  
BACK-PLANE INTERFACE  
DATA RATE  
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
1.544Mbit/s  
MVIP 2.048Mbit/s  
4.096Mbit/s  
8.192Mbit/s  
Multiplexed 12.352Mbit/s  
Bit Multiplexed 16.384Mbit/s  
HMVIP 16.384Mbit/s  
H.100 16.384Mbit/s  
When the Receive Multiplex Enable bit is set to zero, the framer is configured in non-channel-multiplexed  
mode. The possible data rates are 1.544Mbit/s, MVIP 2.048Mbit/s, 4.096Mbit/s and 8.192Mbit/s. In non-chan-  
nel-multiplexed mode, payload data of each channel are sending out from the Receive High-speed Back-plane  
Interface separately. Each channel uses its own Receive Serial Clock, Receive Serial Data, Receive Single-  
frame Synchronization signal and Receive Multi-frame Synchronization signal as interface between the framer  
and the Terminal Equipment. Section 5.1.1.1, 5.1.1.2 and 5.1.1.3 provide details on how to connect the Re-  
ceive Payload Data Interface block with the local Terminal Equipment when the Back-plane interface data rate  
is 1.544Mbit/s.  
When the Back-plane interface data rate is MVIP 2.048Mbit/s, 4.096Mbit/s and 8.192Mbit/s, the Receive Serial  
Clock, Receive Serial Data and Receive Single-frame Synchronization are all configured as inputs. The Re-  
ceive Multi-frame Synchronization signal is still output. The Receive Serial Clock is configured as an input tim-  
ing source for the High-speed Back-plane Interface with frequencies of 2.048 MHz, 4.096 MHz and 8.192 MHz  
respectively.  
The table below summaries the clock frequencies of RxSerClk_n input when the framer is operating in non-  
multiplexed High-speed Back-plane mode.  
RECEIVE MULTIPLEX ENABLE BIT = 0  
RECEIVE INTERFACE MODE  
SELECT BIT 1  
RECEIVE INTERFACE MODE  
SELECT BIT 0  
BACK-PLANE INTERFACE  
DATA RATE  
RXSERCLK  
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
1.544Mbit/s  
MVIP 2.048Mbit/s  
4.096Mbit/s  
1.544MHz  
2.048 MHz  
4.096 MHz  
8.192 MHz  
8.192Mbit/s  
When the Receive Multiplex Enable bit is set to one, the framer is configured in channel-multiplexed mode. The  
possible data rates are multiplexed 12.352Mbit/s, bit-multiplexed 16.384Mbit/s, HMVIP 16.384Mbit/s and H.100  
16.384Mbit/s. In channel-multiplexed mode, four channels share the Receive Serial Data, Receive Single-  
frame Synchronization signal and Receive Serial Clock of one channel as interface between the framer and the  
Terminal Equipment. The Receive Serial Clock runs at frequencies of 12.352 MHz or 16.384 MHz. It serves as  
the primary clock source for the High-speed Back-plane Interface.  
241  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
Payload and signaling data of Channel 0-3 are multiplexed onto the Receive Serial Data pin of Channel 0. Pay-  
load and signaling data of Channel 4-7 are multiplexed onto the Receive Serial Data pin of Channel 4. The Re-  
ceive Single-frame Synchronization signal of Channel 0 pulses HIGH at the beginning of the frame with data  
from Channel 0-3 multiplexed together. The Receive Single-frame Synchronization signal of Channel 4 pulses  
HIGH at the beginning of the frame with data from Channel 4-7 multiplexed together.  
The table below summaries the clock frequencies of RxSerClk_n input when the framer is operating in multi-  
plexed High-speed Back-plane mode.  
RECEIVE MULTIPLEX ENABLE BIT = 1  
RECEIVE INTERFACE MODE  
SELECT BIT 1  
RECEIVE INTERFACE MODE  
SELECT BIT 0  
BACK-PLANE INTERFACE  
DATA RATE  
RXSERCLK  
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
Multiplexed 12.352Mbit/s  
Bit-multiplexed 16.384Mbit/s  
HMVIP 16.384Mbit/s  
12.352 MHz  
16.384 MHz  
16.384 MHz  
16.384 MHz  
H.100 16.384Mbit/s  
When the frame is running at High-speed Back-plane Interface mode other than the 1.544Mbit/s data rate, the  
Receive Single-frame Synchronization signal could pulse HIGH or LOW indicating boundaries of DS1 frames.  
The Receive Synchronization Pulse Low bit of the Receive Interface Control Register (TICR) determines  
whether the Receive Single-frame Synchronization signal is HIGH active or LOW active.  
The table below shows configurations of the Receive Synchronization Pulse LOW bit of the Receive Interface  
Control Register (RICR).  
RECEIVE INTERFACE CONTROL REGISTER (RICR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0xn0H, 0x22H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
3
Receive  
Synchronization  
Pulse LOW  
R/W  
0 - The Receive Single-frame Synchronization signal will pulse HIGH indicat-  
ing the beginning of a DS1 frame when the High-speed Back-plane Interface  
is running at a mode other than the 1.544Mbit/s.  
1 - The Receive Single-frame Synchronization signal will pulse LOW indicating  
the beginning of a DS1 frame when the High-speed Back-plane Interface is  
running at a mode other than the 1.544Mbit/s.  
Throughout the discussion of this datasheet, we assume that the Receive Single-frame Synchronization signal  
pulses HIGH unless stated otherwise.  
The following sections discuss details of how to operate the framer in different Back-plane interface speed  
mode and how to connect the Receive Payload Data Output Interface block to the local Terminal Equipment.  
5.1.3.1 T1 Receive Input Interface - MVIP 2.048 MHz  
When the Receive Multiplex Enable bit is set to zero and the Receive Interface Mode Select [1:0] bits are set to  
01, the Receive Back-plane interface of framer is running at a data rate of 2.048Mbit/s.  
The interface consists of the following pins:  
Data input (RxSer_n)  
Receive Serial Clock Input signal (RxSerClk_n)  
Receive Single-frame Synchronization Input signal (RxSync_n)  
Receive Input Clock (RxInClk_n)  
Receive Time-slot Indication clock (RxTSClk_n)  
242  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
Receive Time Slot indicator bits (RxTSb[4:0]_n)  
The Receive Back-plane interface is pumping out data through RxSer_n at an E1 equivalent data rate of  
2.048Mbit/s. The local Terminal Equipment supplies a free-running 2.048MHz clock to the Receive Serial Clock  
input. The Receive High-speed Back-plane Interface of the framer then sends out serial data at rising edge of  
the Receive Serial Clock. The local Terminal Equipment samples the serial data at falling edge of the clock.  
The Terminal Equipment take in data grouped in 256-bit frame 8000 times every second. Each frame consists  
of thirty-two octets as in E1. The Receive High-speed Back-plane Interface maps a 193-bit T1 frame into this  
256-bit format as described below:  
1. The F-bit is mapped into MSB of the first E1 Time-slot. The framer will insert seven "don't care" bits to the  
rest of the first octet that would be ignored by the local Terminal Equipment.  
2. Payload data of T1 Time-slot 0, 1 and 2 are mapped into E1 Time-slot 1, 2 and 3.  
3. The Receive High-speed Back-plane Interface will stuff E1 Time-slot 4 with eight "don't care" bits that  
would be ignored by the local Terminal Equipment.  
4. Following the same rules of Step 2 and 3, the Receive High-speed Back-plane Interface maps every three  
time-slots of T1 payload data into four E1 time-slots.  
The mapping of T1 frame into E1 framing format is shown in the table below.  
TABLE 45: THE MAPPING OF T1 FRAME INTO E1 FRAMING FORMAT  
T1  
E1  
T1  
E1  
T1  
E1  
T1  
E1  
F-Bit  
TS0  
TS0  
TS1  
TS1  
TS2  
TS2  
TS3  
Don't Care Bits  
TS4  
TS3  
TS5  
TS4  
TS6  
TS5  
TS7  
Don't Care Bits  
TS8  
TS6  
TS7  
TS8  
Don't Care Bits  
TS12  
TS9  
TS10  
TS14  
TS16  
TS22  
TS22  
TS30  
TS11  
TS15  
TS17  
TS23  
TS23  
TS31  
TS9  
TS10  
TS13  
TS18  
TS19  
TS26  
TS11  
TS14  
TS19  
TS20  
TS27  
TS13  
TS15  
TS21  
TS21  
TS29  
Don't Care Bits  
TS16  
TS12  
TS17  
TS18  
TS25  
Don't Care Bits  
TS20  
Don't Care Bits  
TS24  
Don't Care Bits  
TS28  
The Receive Single-frame Synchronization input signal (RxSync_n) should pulse HIGH at the beginning of the  
256-bit frame indicating start of the frame. By sampling the HIGH pulse of the Receive Single-frame Synchroni-  
zation signal, the framer can identity the beginning of a DS1 frame and start pumping payload data out.  
243  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
See Figure 49 below for how to interface the local Terminal Equipment with the Receive Payload Data Output  
Interface block of the framer in MVIP 2.048Mbit/s mode.  
FIGURE 49. INTERFACING XRT84L38 TO LOCAL TERMINAL EQUIPMENT USING MVIP 2.048MBIT/S DATA BUS  
XRT84L38  
RxSerClk_0 (2.048MHz)  
Receive  
RxSer_0  
Payload  
RxMSync_0  
RxSync_0  
Data Input  
Interface  
Chn 0  
Terminal  
Equipment  
RxSerClk_7 (2.048MHz)  
RxSer_7  
Receive  
Payload  
Data Input  
Interface  
Chn 7  
RxMSync  
RxSync_7  
The timing diagram of input signals to the framer when running at MVIP 2.048Mbit/s mode is shown in  
Figure 50.  
FIGURE 50. TIMING DIAGRAM OF INPUT SIGNALS TO THE FRAMER WHEN RUNNING AT MVIP 2.048MBIT/S  
Timeslot 1  
Timeslot 2  
Timeslot 3  
Timeslot 4  
RxSerClk  
RxSerClk(INV)  
RxSer  
F
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8  
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8  
RxSync(input)  
RxSync(input)  
(MVIP)  
RxTSb[0]/RxSig  
RxTSb[2]/RxChn  
RxTSClk(INV)  
A B C D  
A B C D  
A B C D  
A B C D  
c1 c2 c3 c4 c5  
c1 c2 c3 c4 c5  
c1 c2 c3 c4 c5  
c1 c2 c3 c4 c5  
RxTSb[1]/FrRxD  
RxTSClk  
(RxSyncFrTD=1)  
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8  
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8  
RxTSClk  
(RxSyncFrTD=1)  
[
5.1.3.2 T1 Receive Input Interface - 4.096 MHz  
This interface mode is the same as running at 2.048 MHz. The only difference is that the Receive Serial Clock  
runs two times faster at 4.096 MHz.  
244  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
When the Receive Multiplex Enable bit is set to zero and the Receive Interface Mode Select [1:0] bits are set to  
10, the Receive Back-plane interface of framer is running at a clock rate of 4.096MHz.  
The interface consists of the following pins:  
Data input (RxSer_n)  
Receive Serial Clock Input signal (RxSerClk_n)  
Receive Single-frame Synchronization Input signal (RxSync_n)  
Receive Input Clock (RxInClk_n)  
Receive Time-slot Indication clock (RxTSClk_n)  
Receive Time Slot indicator bits (RxTSb[4:0]_n)  
The Receive Back-plane interface is pumping out data through RxSer_n at an E1 equivalent data rate of  
2.048Mbit/s. The local Terminal Equipment supplies a free-running 4.096MHz clock to the Receive Serial Clock  
input. The Receive High-speed Back-plane Interface of the framer then sends out serial data at every other ris-  
ing edge of the Receive Serial Clock. The local Terminal Equipment samples the serial data at every other fall-  
ing edge of the clock.  
The Terminal Equipment take in data grouped in 256-bit frame 8000 times every second. Each frame consists  
of thirty-two octets as in E1. The Receive High-speed Back-plane Interface maps a 193-bit T1 frame into this  
256-bit format as described below:  
1. The F-bit is mapped into MSB of the first E1 Time-slot. The framer will insert seven "don't care" bits to the  
rest of the first octet that would be ignored by the local Terminal Equipment.  
2. Payload data of T1 Time-slot 0, 1 and 2 are mapped into E1 Time-slot 1, 2 and 3.  
3. The Receive High-speed Back-plane Interface will stuff E1 Time-slot 4 with eight "don't care" bits that  
would be ignored by the local Terminal Equipment.  
4. Following the same rules of Step 2 and 3, the Receive High-speed Back-plane Interface maps every three  
time-slots of T1 payload data into four E1 time-slots.  
The mapping of T1 frame into E1 framing format is shown in the table below.  
TABLE 46: THE MAPPING OF T1 FRAME INTO E1 FRAMING FORMAT  
T1  
E1  
T1  
E1  
T1  
E1  
T1  
E1  
F-Bit  
TS0  
TS0  
TS1  
TS1  
TS2  
TS2  
TS3  
Don't Care Bits  
TS4  
TS3  
TS5  
TS4  
TS6  
TS5  
TS7  
Don't Care Bits  
TS8  
TS6  
TS7  
TS8  
Don't Care Bits  
TS12  
TS9  
TS10  
TS14  
TS16  
TS22  
TS22  
TS30  
TS11  
TS15  
TS17  
TS23  
TS23  
TS31  
TS9  
TS10  
TS13  
TS18  
TS19  
TS26  
TS11  
TS14  
TS19  
TS20  
TS27  
TS13  
TS15  
TS21  
TS21  
TS29  
Don't Care Bits  
TS16  
TS12  
TS17  
TS18  
TS25  
Don't Care Bits  
TS20  
Don't Care Bits  
TS24  
Don't Care Bits  
TS28  
The Receive Single-frame Synchronization input signal (RxSync_n) should pulse HIGH at the beginning of the  
256-bit frame indicating start of the frame. By sampling the HIGH pulse of the Receive Single-frame Synchroni-  
zation signal, the framer can identity the beginning of a DS1 frame and start pumping payload data out.  
245  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
See Figure 51 below for how to interface the local Terminal Equipment with the Receive Payload Data Output  
Interface block of the framer in 4.096Mbit/s mode.  
FIGURE 51. INTERFACING XRT84L38 TO LOCAL TERMINAL EQUIPMENT USING 4.096MBIT/S DATA BUS  
XRT84L38  
RxSerClk_0 (4.096MHz)  
Receive  
RxSer_0  
Payload  
RxMSync_0  
RxSync_0  
Data Input  
Interface  
Chn 0  
Terminal  
Equipment  
RxSerClk_7 (4.096MHz)  
RxSer_7  
Receive  
Payload  
Data Input  
Interface  
Chn 7  
RxMSync_7  
RxSync_7  
The timing diagram of input signals to the framer when running at 4.096Mbit/s mode is shown in Figure 52.  
FIGURE 52. TIMING DIAGRAM OF INPUT SIGNALS TO THE FRAMER WHEN RUNNING AT 4.096MBIT/S  
RxSerClk (4MHz)  
RxSer  
F
Don't Care  
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8  
Don't care  
Don't care  
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8  
RxSync(input)  
RxChn[0]/RxSig  
Don't Care  
Don't Care  
A B C D  
Don't Care  
A B C D  
Don't Care  
A B C D  
A B C D  
Note: The following signals are not aligned with the signals shown above. The RxChClk is derived from 1.544MHz transmit clock.  
RxTSClk(INV)  
Don't Care  
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8  
Don't Care  
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8  
RxTSb[1]/RxFrTD  
5.1.3.3 T1 Receive Input Interface - 8.192 MHz  
This interface mode is the same as running at 2.048 MHz. The only difference is that the Receive Serial Clock  
runs four times faster at 8.192MHz.  
When the Receive Multiplex Enable bit is set to zero and the Receive Interface Mode Select [1:0] bits are set to  
11, the Receive Back-plane interface of framer is running at a clock rate of 8.192MHz.  
The interface consists of the following pins:  
Data input (RxSer_n)  
Receive Serial Clock Input signal (RxSerClk_n)  
246  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
Receive Single-frame Synchronization Input signal (RxSync_n)  
Receive Input Clock (RxInClk_n)  
Receive Time-slot Indication clock (RxTSClk_n)  
Receive Time Slot indicator bits (RxTSb[4:0]_n)  
The Receive Back-plane interface is pumping out data through RxSer_n at an E1 equivalent data rate of  
2.048Mbit/s. The local Terminal Equipment supplies a free-running 8.192MHz clock to the Receive Serial Clock  
input. The Receive High-speed Back-plane Interface of the framer then sends out serial data at every other  
four rising edge of the Receive Serial Clock. The local Terminal Equipment samples the serial data at every  
other four falling edge of the clock.  
The Terminal Equipment take in data grouped in 256-bit frame 8000 times every second. Each frame consists  
of thirty-two octets as in E1. The Receive High-speed Back-plane Interface maps a 193-bit T1 frame into this  
256-bit format as described below:  
1. The F-bit is mapped into MSB of the first E1 Time-slot. The framer will insert seven "don't care" bits to the  
rest of the first octet that would be ignored by the local Terminal Equipment.  
2. Payload data of T1 Time-slot 0, 1 and 2 are mapped into E1 Time-slot 1, 2 and 3.  
3. The Receive High-speed Back-plane Interface will stuff E1 Time-slot 4 with eight "don't care" bits that  
would be ignored by the local Terminal Equipment.  
4. Following the same rules of Step 2 and 3, the Receive High-speed Back-plane Interface maps every three  
time-slots of T1 payload data into four E1 time-slots.  
The mapping of T1 frame into E1 framing format is shown in the table below.  
TABLE 47: THE MAPPING OF T1 FRAME INTO E1 FRAMING FORMAT  
T1  
E1  
T1  
E1  
T1  
E1  
T1  
E1  
F-Bit  
TS0  
TS0  
TS1  
TS1  
TS2  
TS2  
TS3  
Don't Care Bits  
TS4  
TS3  
TS5  
TS4  
TS6  
TS5  
TS7  
Don't Care Bits  
TS8  
TS6  
TS7  
TS8  
Don't Care Bits  
TS12  
TS9  
TS10  
TS14  
TS16  
TS22  
TS22  
TS30  
TS11  
TS15  
TS17  
TS23  
TS23  
TS31  
TS9  
TS10  
TS13  
TS18  
TS19  
TS26  
TS11  
TS14  
TS19  
TS20  
TS27  
TS13  
TS15  
TS21  
TS21  
TS29  
Don't Care Bits  
TS16  
TS12  
TS17  
TS18  
TS25  
Don't Care Bits  
TS20  
Don't Care Bits  
TS24  
Don't Care Bits  
TS28  
The Receive Single-frame Synchronization input signal (RxSync_n) should pulse HIGH at the beginning of the  
256-bit frame indicating start of the frame. By sampling the HIGH pulse of the Receive Single-frame Synchroni-  
zation signal, the framer can identity the beginning of a DS1 frame and start pumping payload data out.  
247  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
See Figure 53 below for how to interface the local Terminal Equipment with the Receive Payload Data Output  
Interface block of the framer in 8.192Mbit/s mode.  
FIGURE 53. INTERFACING XRT84L38 TO LOCAL TERMINAL EQUIPMENT USING 8.192MBIT/S DATA BUS  
XRT84L38  
RxSerClk_0 (8.192MHz)  
Receive  
RxSer_0  
Payload  
RxMSync_0  
RxSync_0  
Data Input  
Interface  
Chn 0  
Terminal  
Equipment  
RxSerClk_7 (8.192MHz)  
RxSer_7  
Receive  
Payload  
Data Input  
Interface  
Chn 7  
RxMSync_7  
RxSync_7  
The timing diagram of input signals to the framer when running at 8.192Mbit/s mode is shown in Figure 54.  
FIGURE 54. TIMING DIAGRAM OF INPUT SIGNALS TO THE FRAMER WHEN RUNNING AT 8.192MBIT/S  
RxSerClk (8MHz)  
RxSer  
RxSync(input)  
RxTSb[0]/RxSig  
F
Don't Care  
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8  
Don't care  
Don't Care  
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8  
Don't Care  
Don't Care  
A B C D  
Don't Care  
A B C D  
Don't Care  
A B C D  
A B C D  
Note: The following signals are not aligned with the signals shown above. The RxChClk is derived from 1.544MHz transmit clock.  
RxTSClk(INV)  
Don't Care  
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8  
Don't Care  
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8  
RxTSb[1]/RxFrTD  
5.1.3.4 T1 Receive Input Interface - Multiplexed 12.352Mbit/s  
When the Receive Multiplex Enable bit is set to one and the Receive Interface Mode Select [1:0] bits are set to  
00, the Receive Back-plane interface of framer is running at a clock rate of 12.352MHz.  
The interface consists of the following pins:  
Data input (RxSer_n)  
Receive Serial Clock Input signal (RxSerClk_n)  
Receive Single-frame Synchronization Input signal (RxSync_n)  
Receive Input Clock (RxInClk_n)  
248  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
Receive Time-slot Indication clock (RxTSClk_n)  
Receive Time Slot indicator bits (RxTSb[4:0]_n)  
The Receive Back-plane Interface is pumping data through RxSer_0 or RxSer_4 pins at 12.352Mbit/s. It multi-  
plexes payload and signaling data of every four channels into one data stream. Payload and signaling data of  
Channel 0-3 are multiplexed onto the Receive Serial Data pin of Channel 0. Payload and signaling data of  
Channel 4-7 are multiplexed onto the Receive Serial Data pin of Channel 4.  
Free-running clocks of 12.352MHz are supplied to the Receive Serial Clock pin of Channel 0 and Channel 4 of  
the framer. The Receive High-speed Back-plane Interface of the farmer provides data at rising edge of this Re-  
ceive Serial Clock. The local Terminal Equipment then latches incoming serial data at falling edge of the clock.  
The Receive High-speed Back-plane Interface multiplexes four 1.544Mbit/s DS1 data streams into this  
12.352Mbit/s data stream as described below:  
1. The F-bit of four channels are repeated and grouped together to form the first octet of the multiplexed data  
stream. The F-bit of Channel 0 is sent first, followed by F-bit of Channel 1 and 2. The F-bit of Channel 3 is  
sent last. The table below shows bit-pattern of the first octet.  
FIRST OCTET OF 12.352MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
F0  
F0  
F1  
F1  
F2  
F2  
F3  
F3  
FX: F-bit of Channel X  
2. Payload data of four channels are repeated and grouped together in a bit-interleaved way. The first payload  
bit of Timeslot 0 of Channel 0 is sent first, followed by the first payload bit of Timeslot 0 of Channel 1 and 2.  
The first payload bit of Timeslot 0 of Channel 3 is sent last. After the first bits of Timeslot 0 of all four chan-  
nels are sent, it comes the second bit of Timeslot 0 of Channel 0 and so on. The table below demonstrates  
how payload bits of four channels are mapped into the 12.352Mbit/s data stream.  
SECOND OCTET OF 12.352MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
10  
10  
11  
11  
12  
12  
13  
13  
THIRD OCTET OF 12.352MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
20  
20  
21  
21  
22  
22  
23  
23  
XY: The Xth payload bit of Channel Y  
3. The Receive High-speed Back-plane Interface also multiplexed signaling bits with payload bits and sent  
them together through the 12.352Mbit/s data stream. When Receive High-speed Back-plane Interface is  
sending the fifth payload bit of a particular channel, instead of sending it twice, it inserts the signaling bit A  
of that particular channel. Similarly, the sixth payload bit of a particular channels is followed by the signal-  
ing bit B of that channel; the seventh payload bit is followed by the signaling bit C; the eighth payload bit is  
followed by the signaling bit D.  
249  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
The following table illustrates how payload bits and signaling bits are multiplexed together into the 12.352Mbit/  
s data stream.  
SIXTH OCTET OF 12.352MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
50  
A0  
51  
A1  
52  
A2  
53  
A3  
SEVENTH OCTET OF 12.352MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
60  
B0  
61  
B1  
62  
B2  
63  
B3  
EIGHTH OCTET OF 12.352MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
70  
C0  
71  
C1  
72  
C2  
73  
C3  
NINETH OCTET OF 12.352MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
80  
D0  
81  
D1  
82  
D2  
83  
D3  
XY: The Xth payload bit of Channel Y  
AY: The signaling bit A of Channel Y  
4. Following the same rules of Step 2 and 3, the Receive High-speed Back-plane Interface maps the payload  
data and signaling data of four channels into a 12.352Mbit/s data stream.  
The Receive Single-frame Synchronization signal of Channel 0 pulses HIGH for one clock cycle at the first bit  
position (F-bit of channel 0) of the data stream with data from Channel 0-3 multiplexed together. The Receive  
Single-frame Synchronization signal of Channel 4 pulses HIGH for one clock cycle at the first bit position (F-bit  
of Channel 4) of the data stream with data from Channel 4-7 multiplexed together. By sampling the HIGH pulse  
of the Receive Single-frame Synchronization signal, the Receive High-speed Back-plane Interface of the fram-  
er can identify the beginning of a multiplexed frame and can start sending payload data of that frame.  
250  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
See Figure 55 below for how to interface the local Terminal Equipment with the Receive Payload Data Output  
Interface block of the framer in 12.352Mbit/s mode.  
FIGURE 55. INTERFACING XRT84L38 TO LOCAL TERMINAL EQUIPMENT USING 12.352MBIT/S DATA BUS  
XRT84L38  
RxSerClk_0 (12.352MHz)  
Receive  
RxSer_0  
Payload  
RxMSync_0  
RxSync_0  
Data Input  
Interface  
Chn 0-3  
Terminal  
Equipment  
RxSerClk_4 (12.352MHz)  
RxSer_4  
Receive  
Payload  
Data Input  
Interface  
Chn 4-7  
RxMSync_4  
RxSync_4  
The Input signal timing is shown in Figure 56 below when the framer is running at 12.352Mbit/s mode.  
FIGURE 56. TIMING DIAGRAM OF INPUT SIGNALS TO THE FRAMER WHEN RUNNING AT 12.352MBIT/S  
RxSerClk (12.352MHz)  
RxSerClk (INV)  
RxSer  
F0 F0 F1 F1 F2 F2 F3 F3 10 X 11 X 12 X 13 X 20 X 21  
X
30  
X
40  
X
50 A0 51 A1 52 A2 53 A3 60 B0 61 B1 62 B2 63 B3  
RxSync(input)  
5.1.3.5 T1 Receive Input Interface - Bit-Multiplexed 16.384Mbit/s  
When the Receive Multiplex Enable bit is set to one and the Receive Interface Mode Select [1:0] bits are set to  
01, the Receive Back-plane interface of framer is running at a clock rate of 16.384MHz.  
The interface consists of the following pins:  
Data input (RxSer_n)  
Receive Serial Clock Input signal (RxSerClk_n)  
Receive Single-frame Synchronization Input signal (RxSync_n)  
Receive Input Clock (RxInClk_n)  
Receive Time-slot Indication clock (RxTSClk_n)  
Receive Time Slot indicator bits (RxTSb[4:0]_n)  
The Receive Back-plane Interface is pumping out data through RxSer_0 or RxSer_4 pins at 16.384Mbit/s. It  
multiplexes payload and signaling data of every four channels into one data stream. Payload and signaling data  
of Channel 0-3 are multiplexed onto the Receive Serial Data pin of Channel 0. Payload and signaling data of  
Channel 4-7 are multiplexed onto the Receive Serial Data pin of Channel 4.  
251  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
Free-running clocks of 16.384MHz are supplied to the Receive Serial Clock pin of Channel 0 and Channel 4 of  
the framer. The Receive High-speed Back-plane Interface of the farmer provides data at rising edge of this Re-  
ceive Serial Clock. The local Terminal Equipment then latches incoming serial data at falling edge of the clock.  
The Receive High-speed Back-plane Interface maps four 1.544Mbit/s DS1 data streams into this 16.384Mbit/s  
data stream as described below:  
1. The F-bit of four channels are repeated and grouped together to form the first octet of the multiplexed data  
stream. The F-bit of Channel 0 is sent first, followed by F-bit of Channel 1 and 2. The F-bit of Channel 3 is  
sent last. The table below shows bit-pattern of the first octet.  
FIRST OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
F0  
F0  
F1  
F1  
F2  
F2  
F3  
F3  
FX: F-bit of Channel X  
2. After the first octet of data is sent, the Receive High-speed Back-plane Interface should insert seven octets  
(fifty-six bits) of "don't care" data into the outgoing data stream.  
3. Payload data of four channels are repeated and grouped together in a bit-interleaved way. The first payload  
bit of Timeslot 0 of Channel 0 is sent first, followed by the first payload bit of Timeslot 0 of Channel 1 and 2.  
The first payload bit of Timeslot 0 of Channel 3 is sent last. After the first bits of Timeslot 0 of all four chan-  
nels are sent, it comes the second bit of Timeslot 0 of Channel 0 and so on. The table below demonstrates  
how payload bits of four channels are mapped into the 16.384Mbit/s data stream.  
NINTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
10  
10  
11  
11  
12  
12  
13  
13  
TENTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
20  
20  
21  
21  
22  
22  
23  
23  
XY: The Xth payload bit of Channel Y  
4. The Receive High-speed Back-plane Interface also multiplexed signaling bits with payload bits and sent  
them together through the 16.384Mbit/s data stream. When the Receive High-speed Back-plane Interface  
is sending the fifth payload bit of a particular channel, instead of sending it twice, it inserts the signaling bit  
A of that particular channel. Similarly, the sixth payload bit of a particular channels is followed by the signal-  
ing bit B of that channel; the seventh payload bit is followed by the signaling bit C; the eighth payload bit is  
followed by the signaling bit D.  
252  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
The following table illustrates how payload bits and signaling bits are multiplexed together into the 16.384Mbit/  
s data stream.  
THIRTEENTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
50  
A0  
51  
A1  
52  
A2  
53  
A3  
FOURTEENTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
60  
B0  
61  
B1  
62  
B2  
63  
B3  
FIFTEENTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
70  
C0  
71  
C1  
72  
C2  
73  
C3  
SIXTEENTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
80  
D0  
81  
D1  
82  
D2  
83  
D3  
XY: The Xth payload bit of Channel Y  
AY: The signaling bit A of Channel Y  
5. After payload bits of Timeslot 0, 1 and 2 of all four channels are sent, the Receive High-speed Back-plane  
Interface should stuff another eight octets (sixty-four bits) of "don't care" data into the outgoing data  
stream.  
6. Following the same rules of Step 2 to 5, the Receive High-speed Back-plane Interface stuffs eight octets of  
"don't care" data after sending twenty-four octets of multiplexed payload and signaling data. A 16.384Mbit/  
s data stream is thus created.  
The Receive Single-frame Synchronization signal of Channel 0 pulses HIGH for one clock cycle at the first bit  
position (F-bit of channel 0) of the data stream with data from Channel 0-3 multiplexed together. The Receive  
Single-frame Synchronization signal of Channel 4 pulses HIGH for one clock cycle at the first bit position (F-bit  
of Channel 4) of the data stream with data from Channel 4-7 multiplexed together. By sampling the HIGH pulse  
of the Receive Single-frame Synchronization signal, the Receive High-speed Back-plane Interface of the fram-  
er can identify the beginning of a multiplexed frame and can start sending payload data of that frame.  
253  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
See Figure 57 below for how to interface the local Terminal Equipment with the Receive Payload Data Output  
Interface block of the framer in Bit-multiplexed 16.384Mbit/s mode.  
FIGURE 57. INTERFACING XRT84L38 TO LOCAL TERMINAL EQUIPMENT USING 16.384MBIT/S DATA BUS  
XRT84L38  
RxSerClk_0 (16.384MHz)  
Receive  
RxSer_0  
Payload  
RxMSync_0  
RxSync_0  
Data Input  
Interface  
Chn 0-3  
Terminal  
Equipment  
RxSerClk_4 (16.384MHz)  
RxSer_4  
Receive  
Payload  
Data Input  
Interface  
Chn 4-7  
RxMSync_4  
RxSync_4  
The Input signal timing is shown in Figure 58 below when the framer is running at Bit-Multiplexed 16.384Mbit/s  
mode.  
FIGURE 58. TIMING DIAGRAM OF INPUT SIGNALS TO THE FRAMER WHEN RUNNING AT BIT-MULTIPLEXED  
16.384MBIT/S  
RxSerClk (16.384MHz)  
RxSerClk (INV)  
56 cycles  
RxSer  
F0 F0 F1 F1 F2 F2 F3 F3  
10 X 11 X 12 X 13 X 20 X 21  
X
30  
X
40  
X
50 A0 51 A1 52 A2 53 A3  
RxSync(input)  
5.1.3.6 T1 Receive Input Interface - HMVIP 16.384Mbit/s  
When the Receive Multiplex Enable bit is set to one and the Receive Interface Mode Select [1:0] bits are set to  
10, the Receive Back-plane interface of framer is running at a clock rate of 16.384MHz.  
The interface consists of the following pins:  
Data input (RxSer_n)  
Receive Serial Clock Input signal (RxSerClk_n)  
Receive Single-frame Synchronization Input signal (RxSync_n)  
Receive Input Clock (RxInClk_n)  
Receive Time-slot Indication clock (RxTSClk_n)  
Receive Time Slot indicator bits (RxTSb[4:0]_n)  
The Receive Back-plane Interface is pumping out data through RxSer_0 or RxSer_4 pins at 16.384Mbit/s. The  
Receive High-speed Back-plane Interface multiplexes payload and signaling data of every four channels into  
254  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
one data stream. Payload and signaling data of Channel 0-3 are multiplexed onto the Receive Serial Data pin  
of Channel 0. Payload and signaling data of Channel 4-7 are multiplexed onto the Receive Serial Data pin of  
Channel 4.  
Free-running clocks of 16.384MHz are supplied to the Receive Serial Clock pin of Channel 0 and Channel 4 of  
the framer. The Receive High-speed Back-plane Interface of the farmer provides data at rising edge of this Re-  
ceive Serial Clock. The local Terminal Equipment then latches incoming serial data at falling edge of the clock.  
The Receive High-speed Back-plane Interface maps four 1.544Mbit/s DS1 data streams into this 16.384Mbit/s  
data stream as described below:  
1. The F-bit of four channels are repeated and grouped together to form the first octet of the multiplexed data  
stream. The F-bit of Channel 0 is sent first, followed by F-bit of Channel 1 and 2. The F-bit of Channel 3 is  
sent last. The table below shows bit-pattern of the first octet.  
FIRST OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
F0  
F0  
F1  
F1  
F2  
F2  
F3  
F3  
FX: F-bit of Channel X  
2. After the first octet of data is sent, the Receive High-speed Back-plane Interface insert seven octets (fifty-  
six bits) of "don't care" data into the outgoing data stream.  
3. Payload data of four channels are repeated and grouped together in a byte-interleaved way. The first pay-  
load bit of Timeslot 0 of Channel 0 is sent first, followed by the second payload bit of Timeslot 0 of Channel  
0 and so on. After all the bits of Timeslot 0 of Channel 0 is sent repeatedly, the Terminal Equipment will  
start sending the payload bits of Timeslot 0 of Channel 1 and 2. The payload bits of Timeslot 0 of Channel  
3 are sent the last. After the payload bits of Timeslot 0 of all four channels are sent, it comes the payload  
bits of Timeslot 1 of Channel 0 and so on. The table below demonstrates how payload bits of four channels  
are mapped into the 16.384Mbit/s data stream.  
NINTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
10  
10  
20  
20  
30  
30  
40  
40  
ELEVENTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
11  
11  
21  
21  
31  
31  
41  
41  
THIRTEENTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
12  
12  
22  
22  
32  
32  
42  
42  
255  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
FIFTEENTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
13  
13  
23  
23  
33  
33  
43  
43  
XY: The Xth payload bit of Channel Y  
4. The Receive High-speed Back-plane Interface also multiplexed signaling bits with payload bits and sent  
them together through the 16.384Mbit/s data stream. When the Receive High-speed Back-plane Interface  
is sending the fifth payload bit of a particular channel, instead of sending it twice, it inserts the signaling bit  
A of that particular channel. Similarly, the sixth payload bit of a particular channels is followed by the signal-  
ing bit B of that channel; the seventh payload bit is followed by the signaling bit C; the eighth payload bit is  
followed by the signaling bit D.  
The following table illustrates how payload bits and signaling bits are multiplexed together into the 16.384Mbit/  
s data stream.  
TENTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
50  
A0  
60  
B0  
70  
C0  
80  
D0  
TWELFTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
51  
A1  
61  
B1  
71  
C1  
81  
D1  
FOURTEENTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
52  
A2  
62  
B2  
72  
C2  
82  
D2  
SIXTEENTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
53  
A3  
63  
B3  
73  
C3  
83  
D3  
XY: The Xth payload bit of Channel Y  
AY: The signaling bit A of Channel Y  
256  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
5. After payload bits of Timeslot 0, 1 and 2 of all four channels are sent, the Receive High-speed Back-plane  
Interface should stuff another eight octets (sixty-four bits) of "don't care" data into the outgoing data  
stream.  
6. Following the same rules of Step 2 to 5, Receive High-speed Back-plane Interface stuffs eight octets of  
"don't care" data after sending twenty-four octets of multiplexed payload and signaling data. A 16.384Mbit/  
s data stream is thus created.  
The Receive Single-frame Synchronization signal should pulse HIGH for four clock cycles (the last two bit posi-  
tions of the previous multiplexed frame and the first two bits of the next multiplexed frame) indicating frame  
boundary of the multiplexed data stream. The Receive Single-frame Synchronization signal of Channel 0 puls-  
es HIGH to identify the start of multiplexed data stream of Channel 0-3. The Receive Single-frame Synchroni-  
zation signal of Channel 0 pulses HIGH to identify the start of multiplexed data stream of Channel 0-3. By sam-  
pling the HIGH pulse of the Receive Single-frame Synchronization signal, the Receive High-speed Back-plane  
Interface of the framer can identify the beginning of a multiplexed frame and can start sending payload data of  
that frame.  
See Figure 59 below for how to interface the local Terminal Equipment with the Receive Payload Data Output  
Interface block of the framer in HMVIP 16.384Mbit/s mode.  
FIGURE 59. INTERFACING XRT84L38 TO LOCAL TERMINAL EQUIPMENT USING 16.384MBIT/S DATA BUS  
XRT84L38  
RxSerClk_0 (16.384MHz)  
Receive  
RxSer_0  
Payload  
RxMSync_0  
RxSync_0  
Data Input  
Interface  
Chn 0-3  
Terminal  
Equipment  
RxSerClk_4 (16.384MHz)  
RxSer_4  
Receive  
Payload  
Data Input  
Interface  
Chn 4-7  
RxMSync_4  
RxSync_4  
The Input signal timing is shown in Figure 60 below when the framer is running at HMVIP 16.384Mbit/s mode.  
FIGURE 60. TIMING DIAGRAM OF INPUT SIGNALS TO THE FRAMER WHEN RUNNING AT HMVIP 16.384MBIT/S  
RxSerClk (16.384MHz)  
RxSerClk (INV)  
56 cycles  
56 cycles  
RxSer  
RxSig  
73 73 83 83 F0 F0 F1 F1 F2 F2 F3 F3  
Start of Frame  
10 10 20 20 30 30 40 40 50 A0 60 B0  
12 12  
52 52  
53 53 63 63 73 73 83 83  
A3A3B3B3C3C3D3D3  
Xy : X is the bit number and y is the channel number  
C3C3D3D3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  
0 0 0 0 0 0 A0A0B0B0C0C0  
0 0  
A2A2  
RxSync(input)  
HMVIP, negative sync  
RxSync(input)  
HMVIP, positive sync  
257  
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OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
5.1.3.7 T1 Receive Input Interface - H.100 16.384Mbit/s  
When the Receive Multiplex Enable bit is set to one and the Receive Interface Mode Select [1:0] bits are set to  
11, the Receive Back-plane interface of framer is running at H.100 16.384Mbit/s mode.  
The HMVIP mode and the H.100 mode are essential the same except for the HIGH pulse position of the Re-  
ceive Single-frame Synchronization Signal.  
The interface consists of the following pins:  
Data input (RxSer_n)  
Receive Serial Clock Input signal (RxSerClk_n)  
Receive Single-frame Synchronization Input signal (RxSync_n)  
Receive Input Clock (RxInClk_n)  
Receive Time-slot Indication clock (RxTSClk_n)  
Receive Time Slot indicator bits (RxTSb[4:0]_n)  
The Receive Back-plane Interface is pumping out data through RxSer_0 or RxSer_4 pins at 16.384Mbit/s. The  
Receive High-speed Back-plane Interface multiplexes payload and signaling data of every four channels into  
one data stream. Payload and signaling data of Channel 0-3 are multiplexed onto the Receive Serial Data pin  
of Channel 0. Payload and signaling data of Channel 4-7 are multiplexed onto the Receive Serial Data pin of  
Channel 4.  
Free-running clocks of 16.384MHz are supplied to the Receive Serial Clock pin of Channel 0 and Channel 4 of  
the framer. The Receive High-speed Back-plane Interface of the farmer provides data at rising edge of this Re-  
ceive Serial Clock. The local Terminal Equipment then latches incoming serial data at falling edge of the clock.  
The Receive High-speed Back-plane Interface maps four 1.544Mbit/s DS1 data streams into this 16.384Mbit/s  
data stream as described below:  
1. The F-bit of four channels are repeated and grouped together to form the first octet of the multiplexed data  
stream. The F-bit of Channel 0 is sent first, followed by F-bit of Channel 1 and 2. The F-bit of Channel 3 is  
sent last. The table below shows bit-pattern of the first octet.  
FIRST OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
F0  
F0  
F1  
F1  
F2  
F2  
F3  
F3  
FX: F-bit of Channel X  
2. After the first octet of data is sent, the Receive High-speed Back-plane Interface insert seven octets (fifty-  
six bits) of "don't care" data into the outgoing data stream.  
3. Payload data of four channels are repeated and grouped together in a byte-interleaved way. The first pay-  
load bit of Timeslot 0 of Channel 0 is sent first, followed by the second payload bit of Timeslot 0 of Channel  
0 and so on. After all the bits of Timeslot 0 of Channel 0 is sent repeatedly, the Receive High-speed Back-  
plane Interface will start sending the payload bits of Timeslot 0 of Channel 1 and 2. The payload bits of  
Timeslot 0 of Channel 3 are sent the last. After the payload bits of Timeslot 0 of all four channels are sent,  
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it comes the payload bits of Timeslot 1 of Channel 0 and so on. The table below demonstrates how payload  
bits of four channels are mapped into the 16.384Mbit/s data stream.  
NINTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
10  
10  
20  
20  
30  
30  
40  
40  
ELEVENTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
11  
11  
21  
21  
31  
31  
41  
41  
THIRTEENTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
12  
12  
22  
22  
32  
32  
42  
42  
FIFTEENTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
13  
13  
23  
23  
33  
33  
43  
43  
XY: The Xth payload bit of Channel Y  
4. The Receive High-speed Back-plane Interface also multiplexed signaling bits with payload bits and sent  
them together through the 16.384Mbit/s data stream. When the Receive High-speed Back-plane Interface  
is sending the fifth payload bit of a particular channel, instead of sending it twice, it inserts the signaling bit  
A of that particular channel. Similarly, the sixth payload bit of a particular channels is followed by the signal-  
ing bit B of that channel; the seventh payload bit is followed by the signaling bit C; the eighth payload bit is  
followed by the signaling bit D.  
The following table illustrates how payload bits and signaling bits are multiplexed together into the 16.384Mbit/  
s data stream.  
TENTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
50  
A0  
60  
B0  
70  
C0  
80  
D0  
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REV.1.0.0  
TWELFTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
51  
A1  
61  
B1  
71  
C1  
81  
D1  
FOURTEENTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
52  
A2  
62  
B2  
72  
C2  
82  
D2  
SIXTEENTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
53  
A3  
63  
B3  
73  
C3  
83  
D3  
XY: The Xth payload bit of Channel Y  
AY: The signaling bit A of Channel Y  
5. After payload bits of Timeslot 0, 1 and 2 of all four channels are sent, the Terminal Equipment should stuff  
another eight octets (sixty-four bits) of "don't care" data into the outgoing data stream.  
6. Following the same rules of Step 2 to 5, the Receive High-speed Back-plane Interface stuffs eight octets of  
"don't care" data after sending twenty-four octets of multiplexed payload and signaling data. A 16.384Mbit/  
s data stream is thus created.  
The Receive Single-frame Synchronization signal should pulse HIGH for two clock cycles (the last bit position  
of the previous multiplexed frame and the first bit position of the next multiplexed frame) indicating frame  
boundary of the multiplexed data stream. The Receive Single-frame Synchronization signal of Channel 0 puls-  
es HIGH to identify the start of multiplexed data stream of Channel 0-3. The Receive Single-frame Synchroni-  
zation signal of Channel 0 pulses HIGH to identify the start of multiplexed data stream of Channel 0-3. By sam-  
pling the HIGH pulse of the Receive Single-frame Synchronization signal, the Receive High-speed Back-plane  
Interface of the framer can identify the beginning of a multiplexed frame and can start sending payload data of  
that frame.  
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See Figure 61 below for how to interface the local Terminal Equipment with the Receive Payload Data Output  
Interface block of the framer in H.100 16.384Mbit/s mode.  
FIGURE 61. INTERFACING XRT84L38 TO LOCAL TERMINAL EQUIPMENT USING H.100 16.384MBIT/S DATA BUS  
XRT84L38  
RxSerClk_0 (16.384MHz)  
Receive  
RxSer_0  
Payload  
RxMSync_0  
RxSync_0  
Data Input  
Interface  
Chn 0-3  
Terminal  
Equipment  
RxSerClk_4 (16.384MHz)  
RxSer_4  
Receive  
Payload  
Data Input  
Interface  
Chn 4-7  
RxMSync_4  
RxSync_4  
The Input signal timing is shown in Figure 62 below when the framer is running at H.100 16.384Mbit/s mode.  
FIGURE 62. TIMING DIAGRAM OF INPUT SIGNALS TO THE FRAMER WHEN RUNNING AT H.100 16.384MBIT/S  
RxSerClk (16.384MHz)  
RxSerClk (INV)  
56 cycles  
56 cycles  
RxSer  
RxSig  
73 73 83 83 F0 F0 F1 F1 F2 F2 F3 F3  
Start of Frame  
10 10 20 20 30 30 40 40 50 A0 60 B0  
12 12  
52 52  
53 53 63 63 73 73 83 83  
A3A3B3B3C3C3D3D3  
Xy : X is the bit number and y is the channel number  
C3C3D3D3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  
0 0 0 0 0 0 A0A0B0B0C0C0  
0 0  
A2A2  
RxSync(input)  
H.100, negative sync  
RxSync(input)  
H.100, positive sync  
Delayer H.100  
RxSync(input)  
H.100, negative sync  
RxSync(input)  
H.100, positive sync  
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OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
6.0 THE E1 TRANSMIT SECTION  
6.1 THE E1 TRANSMIT PAYLOAD DATA INPUT INTERFACE BLOCK  
6.1.1 Description of the Transmit Payload Data Input Interface Block  
Each of the eight framers within the XRT84L38 device includes a Transmit Payload Data Input Interface block.  
The function of this block is to provide an interface to the local Terminal Equipment (for example, a Central Of-  
fice or switching equipment) that has data to send to a "Far End" terminal over a DS1 or E1 transport medium.  
The Payload Data Input Interface module (also known as the Back-plane Interface module) supports payload  
data to be taken from or presented to the system. In DS1 mode, supported data rates are 1.544Mbit/s, MVIP  
2.048Mbit/s, 4.096Mbit/s, 8.192Mbit/s, multiplexed 12.352Mbit/s, multiplexed 16.384Mbit/s, HMVIP  
16.384Mbit/s or H.100 16.384Mbit/s. In E1 mode, supported data rates are XRT84V24 compatible 2.048Mbit/s,  
MVIP 2.048Mbit/s, 4.096Mbit/s, 8.192Mbit/s, multiplexed 16.384Mbit/s, HMVIP 16.384Mbit/s or H.100  
16.384Mbit/s.  
The Transmit Payload Data Input Interface block supplies or accepts the following signals to the local Terminal  
Equipment circuitry:  
Transmit Serial Data Input (TxSer_n)  
Transmit Serial Clock (TxSerClk_n)  
Transmit Single-frame Synchronization Signal (TxSync_n)  
Transmit Multi-frame Synchronization Signal (TxMSync_n)  
Transmit Time-slot Indicator Clock (TxTSClk_n)  
Transmit Time-slot Indication Bits (TxTSb[4:0]_n)  
The Transmit Serial Data is an input pin carrying payload, signaling and sometimes Data Link data supplied by  
the local Terminal Equipment to the XRT84L38 device.  
The Transmit Serial Clock is an input or output signal used by the Transmit Payload Data Input Interface block  
to latch in incoming serial data from the local Terminal Equipment. The Transmit Clock Inversion bit of the  
Transmit Interface Control Register (TICR) determines at which edge of the Transmit Serial Clock would data  
transition on the Transmit Serial Data pin occur.  
The table below shows configurations of the Transmit Clock Inversion bit of the Transmit Interface Control Reg-  
ister (TICR).  
TRANSMIT INTERFACE CONTROL REGISTER (TICR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X20H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
3
Transmit Clock  
Inversion  
R/W  
0 - Serial data transition happens on rising edge of the Transmit Serial Clock.  
1 - Serial data transition happens on falling edge of the Transmit Serial Clock.  
Throughout the discussion of this datasheet, we assume that serial data transition happens on rising edge of  
the Transmit Serial Clock unless stated otherwise.  
The Transmit Single-frame Synchronization signal is either input or output. When configured as input, it indi-  
cates the beginning of an E1 frame. When configured as output, it indicates the end of an E1 frame.  
The Transmit Multi-frame Synchronization signal is either input or output. When configured as input, it indicates  
the beginning of an E1 multi-frame. When configure as output, it indicates the end of an E1 multi-frame.  
The Transmit Input Clock signal is multiplexed into the Transmit Multi-frame Synchronization pin (TxMSync_n)  
of the XRT84L38. When the framer is running at High-speed Back-plane Interface mode, the Transmit Input  
Clock functions as the timing source for the High-speed Back-plane Interface.  
By connecting these signals with the local Terminal Equipment, the Transmit Payload Data Input Interface ac-  
cepts payload data from the Terminal Equipment and routes it to the Transmit Framer module inside the device.  
6.1.2 Brief Discussion of the Transmit Payload Data Input Interface Block Operating at XRT84V24  
Compatible 2.048Mbit/s mode  
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If the framer is operating in normal 2.048Mbit/s Back-plane interface mode for E1, timing source of the transmit  
section can be one of the three clocks:  
Transmit Serial Input Clock  
OSCCLK Driven Divided Clock  
Recovered Receive Line Clock  
The Transmit Timing Source Select [1:0] bits of the Clock Select Register (CSR) determine which clock is used  
as the timing source. The following table shows configurations of the Transmit Timing Source Select [1:0] bits  
of the Clock Select Register.  
CLOCK SELECT REGISTER (CSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X00H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
1-0  
Transmit Timing  
Source Select  
R/W  
Transmit Timing Source Select:  
These two READ/WRITE bit-fields permit the user to select the timing source of  
Transmit section of the framer.  
When the Transmit Back-plane interface is operating at a clock rate of 2.048MHz  
for E1, these two READ/WRITE bit-fields also determine the direction of Single  
Frame Synchronization Pulse (TxSync), Multi-frame Synchronization Pulse  
(TxMSync) and Transmit Serial Clock Input (TxSerClk). When the framer is oper-  
ating at other Back-plane mode, the Single Frame Synchronization Pulse  
(TxSync), Multi-frame Synchronization Pulse (TxMSync) and Transmit Serial  
Clock Input (TxSerClk) are all inputs.  
00 - The Recovered Receive Line Clock is the timing source of Transmit section  
of the framer. When operating at the non-multiplexed 2.048MHz Back-plane  
Interface mode, the Single Frame Synchronization Pulse (TxSync), Multi-frame  
Synchronization Pulse (TxMSync) and Transmit Serial Clock Input (TxSerClk)  
are all outputs. Upon losing of the Recovered Receiver Line Clock, the OSCCLK  
Driven Divided clock is automatically chosen to be the timing source of the  
Transmit section of the framer.  
01 - The Transmit Serial Clock is the timing source of Transmit section of the  
framer. When operating at the non-multiplexed 2.048MHz Back-plane Interface  
mode, the Single Frame Synchronization Pulse (TxSync), Multi-frame Synchro-  
nization Pulse (TxMSync) and Transmit Serial Clock Input (TxSerClk) are all  
inputs.  
10 - The OSCCLK Driven Divided clock is the timing source of Transmit section  
of the framer. When operating at the non-multiplexed 2.048MHz Back-plane  
Interface mode, the Single Frame Synchronization Pulse (TxSync), Multi-frame  
Synchronization Pulse (TxMSync) and Transmit Serial Clock Input (TxSerClk)  
are all outputs. Upon losing of the Recovered Receiver Line Clock, the OSCCLK  
Driven Divided clock is automatically chosen to be the timing source of the  
Transmit section of the framer.  
11 - The Recovered Receive Line Clock is the timing source of Transmit section  
of the framer. When operating at the non-multiplexed 2.048MHz Back-plane  
Interface mode, the Single Frame Synchronization Pulse (TxSync), Multi-frame  
Synchronization Pulse (TxMSync) and Transmit Serial Clock Input (TxSerClk)  
are all outputs. Upon losing of the Recovered Receiver Line Clock, the OSCCLK  
Driven Divided clock is automatically chosen to be the timing source of the  
Transmit section of the framer.  
The Transmit Serial Clock (TxSerClk_n), Transmit Single-frame Synchronization Signal (TxSync_n) and Trans-  
mit Multi-frame Synchronization Signal (TxMSync_n) can be either inputs or outputs depend on the timing  
source of the Transmit section of the framer.  
With the OSCCLK Driven Divided Clock or the Recovered Receive Line Clock being the timing source of the  
transmit section, the Transmit Serial Clock (TxSerClk_n), Transmit Single-frame Synchronization Signal  
(TxSync_n) and Transmit Multi-frame Synchronization Signal (TxMSync_n) are all outputs.  
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With the timing source of the transmit section being the Transmit Serial Input Clock, the Transmit Serial Clock  
(TxSerClk_n), Transmit Single-frame Synchronization Signal (TxSync_n) and Transmit Multi-frame Synchroni-  
zation Signal (TxMSync_n) are all inputs.  
The following table illustrates the input and output nature of these signals for different Transmit timing sources.  
TRANSMIT TIMING SOURCE  
Terminal Equipment Driven TxSerClk  
OSCCLK Driven Divided Clock  
Recovered Receive Line Clock  
TXSERCLK_N  
Input  
TXSYNC_N  
Input  
TXMSYNC_N  
Input  
Output  
Output  
Output  
Output  
Output  
Output  
The Transmit Time-slot Indication Bits (TxTSb[4:0]_n) are multiplexed I/O pins. The functionality of these pins  
is governed by the value of Transmit Fractional E1 Input Enable bit of the Transmit Interface Control Register  
(TICR).  
The following table illustrates the configurations of the Transmit Fractional E1 Input Enable bit.  
TRANSMIT INTERFACE CONTROL REGISTER (TICR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X20H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
4
Transmit  
Fractional E1  
Input Enable  
R/W  
0 - The Transmit Time-slot Indication bits (TxTSb[4:0] are outputting five-bit  
binary values of Time-slot number (0-31) being accepted and processed by the  
Transmit Payload Data Input Interface block of the framer.  
The Transmit Time-slot Indicator Clock signal (TxTSClk_n) is a 256KHz clock  
that pulses HIGH for one E1 bit period whenever the Transmit Payload Data  
Input Interface block is accepting the LSB of each of the twenty-four time slots.  
1 - The TxTSb[0]_n bit becomes the Transmit Fractional E1 Input signal  
(TxFrTD_n) which carries Fractional E1 payload data into the framer.  
The TxTSb[1]_n bit becomes the Transmit Signaling Data Input signal (TxSig_n)  
which is used to insert robbed-bit signaling data into the outbound E1 frame.  
The TxTSb[2]_n bit serially outputs all five-bit binary values of the Time Slot  
number (0-31) being accepted and processed by the Transmit Payload Data  
Input Interface block of the framer.  
The TxTSb[3]_n bit becomes the Transmit Overhead Synchronization Pulse  
(TxOHSync_n) which is used to output an Overhead Synchronization Pulse that  
indicates the first bit of each E1multi-frame.  
The TxTSClk_n will output gaped fractional E1 clock that can be used by Termi-  
nal Equipment to clock out Fractional E1 payload data at rising edge of the clock.  
Or,  
The TxTSClk_n pin will be a clock enable signal to Transmit Fractional E1 Input  
signal (TxFrTD_n) when the un-gaped Transmit Serail Input Clock (TxSerClk_n)  
is used to clock in Fractional E1 Payload Data into the framer.  
When configured to operate in normal condition (that is, when the Transmit Fractional E1 Input Enable bit is  
equal to zero), these bits reflect the five-bit binary value of the Time Slot number (0-31) being accepted and  
processed by the Transmit Payload Data Input Interface block of the framer. TxTSb[4] represents the MSB of  
the binary value and TxTSb[0] represents the LSB.  
When the Transmit Fractional E1 Input Enable bit is equal to one, the TxTSb[0]_n bit becomes the Transmit  
Fractional E1 Input signal (TxFrTD_n). This input pin carries Fractional E1 Input data to be inserted into the  
outbound E1 data stream. The Fraction E1 Input Interface allows certain time-slots of outbound E1 data stream  
to have a different source other than the local Terminal Equipment. Function of the Fractional E1 Input signal  
will be discussed in details in later sections.  
When the Transmit Fractional E1 Input Enable bit is equal to one, the TxTSb[1]_n bit becomes the Transmit  
Signaling Data Input signal (TxSig_n). These input pins can be used to insert robbed-bit signaling data into the  
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outbound E1 frame. Function of the Transmit Signaling Data Input signal will be discussed in details in later  
sections.  
When the Transmit Fractional E1 Input Enable bit is equal to one, the TxTSb[2]_n bit serially outputs all five-bit  
binary values of the Time Slot number (0-31) being accepted and processed by the Transmit Payload Data In-  
put Interface block of the framer. MSB of the binary value is presented first and the LSB is presented last.  
When the Transmit Fractional E1 Input Enable bit is equal to one, the TxTSb[3]_n bit becomes the Transmit  
Overhead Synchronization Pulse (TxOHSync_n). These pins can be used to output an Overhead Synchroniza-  
tion Pulse that indicates the first bit of each E1multi-frame. Function of the Transmit Overhead Synchronization  
Output signal will be discussed in details in later sections.  
The TxTSb[4]_n bit is not multiplexed.  
The table below shows functionality of the TxTSb[3:0] bits when the Transmit Fractional E1 Input bit is set to  
different values.  
TRANSMIT FRACTIONAL E1 INPUT BIT = 0  
TRANSMIT FRACTIONAL E1 INPUT BIT = 1  
TxTSb[0]  
TxTSb[1]  
TxTSb[2]  
TxTSb[3]  
Output  
Output  
Output  
Output  
TxFrTD  
TxSig  
Input  
Input  
TxTS  
Output  
Output  
TxOHSync  
The Transmit Time-slot Indicator Clock signal (TxTSClk_n) is a multi-function output pin. When configured to  
operate in normal condition (that is, when the Transmit Fractional E1 Input Enable bit is equal to zero), the  
TxTSClk_n is a 256KHz clock that pulses HIGH for one E1 bit period whenever the Transmit Payload Data In-  
put Interface block is accepting the LSB of each of the twenty-four time slots. The local Terminal Equipment  
should use this clock signal to sample the TxTSb[0] through TxTSb[4] bits and identify the time-slot being pro-  
cessed via the Transmit Section of the framer.  
When the Transmit Fractional E1 Input Enable bit is equal to one, the TxTSClk_n will output gaped fractional  
E1 clock at time-slots where Fractional E1 Input data is present. This clock can be used by Terminal Equipment  
to clock out Fractional E1 payload data at rising edge of the clock. The framer will then input Fractional E1 pay-  
load data using falling edge of the clock. Otherwise, this pin can be configured as a clock enable signal to  
Transmit Fractional E1 Input signal (TxFrTD_n) if the framer is set accordingly. In this way, Fractional E1 pay-  
load data is clocked into the framer using un-gaped Transmit Serail Input Clock (TxSerClk_n). A detailed dis-  
cussion of the Fractional E1 Payload Data Input Interface can be found in later sections.  
Both the Transmit Time-slot Indicator Clock (TxTSClk_n) and the Transmit Time-slot Indication Bits (TxTS-  
bb[4:0]_n) are output signals in normal 2.048Mbit/s Back-plane mode regardless of the timing source of the  
Transmit Section of framer.  
A detailed discussion of how to connect the Transmit Payload Data Input Interface block to the local Terminal  
Equipment using different timing sources can be found in the later sections.  
6.1.2.1 Connect the Transmit Payload Data Input Interface block to the Local Terminal Equipment if  
Transmit Timing Source = TxSerClk_n  
By setting the Transmit Timing Source [1:0] bits of the Clock Select Register to 01, the TxSerClk_n input signal  
is configured to be the timing source for the Transmit section of the framer. The Terminal Equipment should  
supply an external free-running clock with frequency of 2.048MHz to the TxSerClk_n input pin. The Transmit  
Single-frame Synchronization signal and the Transmit Multi-frame Synchronization signal are inputs to the  
framer.  
The Transmit Single-frame Synchronization signal should pulse HIGH for one E1 bit period (488ns) at the first  
bit position of each E1 frame. By sampling the HIGH pulse on the Transmit Single-frame Synchronization sig-  
nal, the framer can position the beginning of an E1 frame.  
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The Transmit Multi-frame Synchronization signal should pulse HIGH for one E1 bit period (488ns) at the first bit  
position of the first frame of an E1 multi-frame. By sampling the HIGH pulse on the Transmit Multi-frame Syn-  
chronization signal, the framer can position the beginning of an E1 super-frame.  
It is the responsibility of the Terminal Equipment to provide serial input data through the TxSer_n pin aligned  
with the Transmit Single-frame Synchronization signal and the Transmit Multi-frame Synchronization signal.  
See Figure 63 below for how to connect the Transmit Payload Data Input Interface block to the local Terminal  
Equipment with the Transmit Serial clock being the timing source of transmit section.  
FIGURE 63. INTERFACING XRT84L38 TO LOCAL TERMINAL EQUIPMENT WITH TXSERCLK_N AS TRANSMIT TIMING  
SOURCE  
XRT84L38  
TxSerClk_0  
TxSer_0  
Transmit  
TxMSync_0  
TxSync_0  
Payload  
Data Input  
Interface  
Chn 0  
TxTSClk_0  
TxTSb[4:0]_0  
Terminal  
Equipment  
TxSerClk_7  
TxSer_7  
Transmit  
Payload  
Data Input  
Interface  
Chn 7  
TxMSync_7  
TxSync_7  
TxTSClk_7  
TxTSb[4:0]_7  
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áç  
The following Figure 64 shows waveforms of the signals (TxSerClk_n, TxSer_n, TxSync_n, TxTSClk_n and  
TxTSb[4:0]_n) that connecting the Transmit Payload Data Input Interface block to the local Terminal Equipment  
with the Transmit Serial clock being the timing source of transmit section.  
FIGURE 64. WAVEFORMS OF THE SIGNALS THAT CONNECT THE TRANSMIT PAYLOAD DATA INPUT INTERFACE BLOCK  
TO THE LOCAL TERMINAL EQUIPMENT WITH THE TRANSMIT SERIAL CLOCK BEING THE TIMING SOURCE OF THE TRANS-  
MIT SECTION  
Timeslot 0  
Timeslot 5  
Timeslot 6  
Timeslot 23  
TxSerClk  
TxSerClk (INV)  
TxSer  
Input Data  
Input Data  
Input Data  
Input Data  
F
F
TxSync(input)  
TxSync(output)  
TxChClk  
TxChn[4:0]  
Timeslot #0  
A B C D  
Timeslot #5  
Timeslot #6  
Timeslot #23  
TxChn[0]/TxSig  
TxTSClk  
A B C D  
A B C D  
A B C D  
c1 c2 c3 c4 c5  
c1 c2 c3 c4 c5  
c1 c2 c3 c4 c5  
c1 c2 c3 c4 c5  
TxTSb[4:0]  
TxChn[1]/TxFrTD  
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8  
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8  
6.1.2.2 Connect the Transmit Payload Data Input Interface block to the Local Terminal Equipment if  
the Transmit Timing Source = OSCCLK  
By setting the Transmit Timing Source [1:0] bits of the Clock Select Register (CSR) to 10, the OSCCLK Driven  
Divided clock is configured to be the timing source for the Transmit section of the framer. A free-running clock  
should apply to the OSCCLK input pin with frequencies of 16.384MHz, 32.768MHz and 65.536MHz depending  
on the setting of OSCCLK Frequency Select [1:0] bits of the Clock Select Register (CSR).  
The free-running OSCCLK is divided inside the XRT84L38 and routed to all eight framers. This OSCCLK Driv-  
en Divided Clock has to be 16.384MHz in frequency. When these bits are set to 00, the framer will internally di-  
vide the incoming OSCCLK by one. Therefore, the external oscillator clock applied to the OSCCLK pin should  
be 16.384MHz. When these bits are set to 01, the framer will internally divide the incoming OSCCLK by two.  
Therefore, the external oscillator clock applied to the OSCCLK pin should be 32.768MHz. When these bits are  
set to 10, the framer will internally divide the incoming OSCCLK by four. Therefore, the external oscillator clock  
applied to the OSCCLK pin should be 65.536MHz.  
267  
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XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
The following table shows configurations of the OSCCLK Frequency Select [1:0] bits of the Clock Select Regis-  
ter.  
CLOCK SELECT REGISTER (CSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X00H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
3-2  
OSCCLK  
Frequency  
Select  
R/W  
These two READ/WRITE bit-fields permit the user to select internal clock divid-  
ing logic of the framer depending on the frequency of incoming oscillator clock  
(OSCCLK). The frequency of internal clock used by the framer should be  
16.384MHz.  
00 - The framer will internally divide the incoming OSCCLK by one. Therefore,  
the external oscillator clock applied to the OSCCLK pin should be 16.384MHz.  
01 - The framer will internally divide the incoming OSCCLK by two. Therefore,  
the external oscillator clock applied to the OSCCLK pin should be 32.768MHz.  
10 - The framer will internally divide the incoming OSCCLK by four. Therefore,  
the external oscillator clock applied to the OSCCLK pin should be 65.536MHz.  
The Transmit Serial clock signal pin (TxSerClk_n) is output from the framer. The framer outputs a 2.048MHz  
clock through this pin to the local Terminal Equipment. The Transmit Single-frame Synchronization signal and  
the Transmit Multi-frame Synchronization signal are also automatically configured to be output signals.  
The Transmit Single-frame Synchronization signal should pulse HIGH for one E1 bit period (488ns) at the last  
bit position of each E1 frame. By triggering on the HIGH pulse on the Transmit Single-frame Synchronization  
signal, the local Terminal Equipment can identify the end of an E1 frame and should start inserting payload da-  
ta of the next E1 frame to the framer.  
The Transmit Multi-frame Synchronization signal should pulse HIGH for one E1 bit period (488ns) at the last bit  
position of the last frame of an E1 multi-frame. By triggering on the HIGH pulse on the Transmit Multi-frame  
Synchronization signal, the local Terminal Equipment can identify the end of an E1 super-frame and should  
start inserting payload data of the next E1 multi-frame into the framer.  
268  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
See Figure 65 for how to connect the Transmit Payload Data Input Interface block to the local Terminal Equip-  
ment with the OSCCLK Driven Divided clock as the timing source of transmit section.  
FIGURE 65. INTERFACING XRT84L38 TO LOCAL TERMINAL EQUIPMENT WITH OSCCLK DRIVEN DIVIDED CLOCK AS  
TRANSMIT TIMING SOURCE  
XRT84L38  
TxSerClk_0  
TxSer_0  
Transmit  
TxMSync_0  
TxSync_0  
Payload  
Data Input  
Interface  
Chn 0  
TxTSClk_0  
TxTSb[4:0]_0  
Terminal  
Equipment  
TxSerClk_7  
TxSer_7  
Transmit  
Payload  
Data Input  
Interface  
Chn 7  
TxMSync_7  
TxSync_7  
TxTSClk_7  
TxTSb[4:0]_7  
OSCCLK  
269  
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XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
The following Figure 66 shows waveforms of the signals (TxSerClk_n, TxSer_n, TxSync_n, TxTSClk_n and  
TxTSb[4:0]_n) that connecting the Transmit Payload Data Input Interface block to the local Terminal Equipment  
with the OSCCLK Driven Divided clock as the timing source of transmit section.  
FIGURE 66. WAVERFORMS OF THE SIGNALS CONNECTING THE TRANSMIT PAYLOAD DATA INPUT INTERFACE BLOCK  
TO THE LOCAL TERMINAL EQUIPMENT WITH THE OSCCLK DRIVEN DIVIDED CLOCK AS THE TIMING SOURCE OF THE  
TRANSMIT SECTION  
Timeslot 0  
Timeslot 5  
Timeslot 6  
Timeslot 23  
TxSerClk  
TxSerClk (INV)  
TxSer  
Input Data  
Input Data  
Input Data  
Input Data  
F
F
TxSync(output)  
TxChClk  
TxChn[4:0]  
Timeslot #0  
A B C D  
Timeslot #5  
Timeslot #6  
Timeslot #23  
TxChn[0]/TxSig  
TxChn[0]/TxSig  
A B C D  
A B C D  
A B C D  
c1 c2 c3 c4 c5  
c1 c2 c3 c4 c5  
c1 c2 c3 c4 c5  
c1 c2 c3 c4 c5  
TxChClk  
TxChn[1]/TxFrTD  
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8  
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8  
6.1.2.3 Connect the Transmit Payload Data Input Interface block to the Local Terminal Equipment  
for Loop-timing applications  
If the Transmit Timing Source [1:0] bits of the Clock Select Register are set to 00 or 11, the Recovered Receive  
Line Clock is configured to be the timing source for the Transmit section of the framer. This is also known as the  
Loop-timing mode.  
If the Clock Loss Detection Enable bit of the Clock Select Register is set to one, and if the Recovered Receive  
Line Clock from the LIU is lost, the framer will automatically begin to use the OSCCLK Driven Divided clock as  
transmit timing source until the LIU is able to regain clock recovery.  
270  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
The following table shows configuration of the Clock Loss Detection Enable bit of the Clock Select Register  
(CSR).  
CLOCK SELECT REGISTER (CSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X00H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
4
Clock Loss  
Detection  
Enable  
R/W  
This READ/WRITE bit-field permits the user to enable the Clock Loss Detection  
logic for the framer when the Recovered Receive Line Clock is used as transmit  
timing source of the framer.  
0 - The framer disables the Clock Loss Detection logic.  
1 - The framer enables the Clock Loss Detection logic. If the Recovered Receive  
Line Clock is used as transmit timing source of the framer, and if clock recovered  
from the LIU is lost, the framer can detect loss of the Recovered Receive Line  
Clock. Upon detecting of this occurrence, the framer will automatically begin to  
use the OSCCLK Driven Divided clock as transmit timing source until the LIU is  
able to regain clock recovery.  
NOTE: This bit-field is ignored if the TxSerClk or the OSCCLK Driven Divided  
Clock is chosen to be the timing source of Transmit Section of the framer.  
The Transmit Serial Clock signal pin (TxSerClk_n) is output from the framer. The XRT84L38 device routes the  
Recovered Receive Line Clock internally across the framer and output through the Transmit Serial Clock signal  
pin to the local Terminal Equipment. The Transmit Single-frame Synchronization signal and the Transmit Multi-  
frame Synchronization signal are automatically configured to be output signals.  
The Transmit Single-frame Synchronization signal should pulse HIGH for one E1 bit period (488ns) at the last  
bit position of each E1 frame. By triggering on the HIGH pulse on the Transmit Single-frame Synchronization  
signal, the local Terminal Equipment can identify the end of an E1 frame and should start inserting payload da-  
ta of the next E1 frame to the framer.  
The Transmit Multi-frame Synchronization signal should pulse HIGH for one E1 bit period (488ns) at the last bit  
position of the last frame of an E1 multi-frame. By triggering on the HIGH pulse on the Transmit Multi-frame  
Synchronization signal, the local Terminal Equipment can identify the end of an E1 super-frame and should  
start inserting payload data of the next E1 multi-frame into the framer.  
271  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
See Figure 67 for how to connect the Transmit Payload Data Input Interface block to the local Terminal Equip-  
ment with the Recovered Receive Line Clock being the timing source of transmit section.  
FIGURE 67. INTERFACING XRT84L38 TO LOCAL TERMINAL EQUIPMENT WITH RECOVERED RECEIVE LINE CLOCK AS  
TRANSMIT TIMING SOURCE  
XRT84L38  
TxSerClk_0  
RxLineClk_0  
TxSer_0  
Transmit  
Payload  
Data Input  
Interface  
Chn 0  
TxMSync_0  
TxSync_0  
TxTSClk_0  
TxTSb[4:0]_0  
Terminal  
Equipment  
TxSerClk_7  
TxSer_7  
Transmit  
Payload  
Data Input  
Interface  
Chn 7  
TxMSync_7  
TxSync_7  
TxTSClk_7  
TxTSb[4:0]_7  
RxLineClk_7  
272  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
The following Figure 68 shows waveforms of the signals (TxSerClk_n, TxSer_n, TxSync_n, TxTSClk_n and  
TxTSb[4:0]_n) that connecting the Transmit Payload Data Input Interface block to the local Terminal Equipment  
with the Recovered Receive Line Clock being the timing source of transmit section.  
FIGURE 68. WAVERFORMS OF THE SIGNALS CONNECTING THE TRANSMIT PAYLOAD DATA INPUT INTERFACE BLOCK  
TO THE LOCAL TERMINAL EQUIPMENT WITH THE RECOVERED RECEIVE LINE CLOCK BEING THE TIMING SOURCE OF  
TRANSMIT SECTION  
Timeslot 0  
Timeslot 5  
Timeslot 6  
Timeslot 23  
TxSerClk  
TxSerClk (INV)  
TxSer  
Input Data  
Input Data  
Input Data  
Input Data  
F
F
TxSync(output)  
TxChClk  
TxChn[4:0]  
Timeslot #0  
A B C D  
Timeslot #5  
Timeslot #6  
Timeslot #23  
TxChn[0]/TxSig  
TxChn[0]/TxSig  
A B C D  
A B C D  
A B C D  
c1 c2 c3 c4 c5  
c1 c2 c3 c4 c5  
c1 c2 c3 c4 c5  
c1 c2 c3 c4 c5  
TxChClk  
TxChn[1]/TxFrTD  
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8  
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8  
6.1.3 Brief Discussion of the Transmit High-Speed Back-Plane Interface  
The High-speed Back-plane Interface supports payload data to be taken from or presented to the Terminal  
Equipment at different data rates. In E1 mode, supported High-speed data rates are MVIP 2.048Mbit/s,  
4.096Mbit/s, 8.192Mbit/s, multiplexed 16.384Mbit/s, HMVIP 16.384Mbit/s or H.100 16.384Mbit/s. The Transmit  
Multiplex Enable bit and the Transmit Interface Mode Select [1:0] bits of the Transmit Interface Control Register  
(TICR) determine the Transmit Back-plane Interface data rate.  
The following table shows configurations of the Transmit Multiplex Enable bit and the Transmit Interface Mode  
Select [1:0] bits of the Transmit Interface Control Register (TICR).  
TRANSMIT INTERFACE CONTROL REGISTER (TICR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X20H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
2
Transmit  
Multiplex Enable  
R/W  
0 - The Transmit Back-plane Interface block is configured to non-channel-multi-  
plexed mode  
1 - The Transmit Back-plane Interface block is configured to channel-multiplexed  
mode  
1-0  
Transmit  
Interface Mode  
Select  
R/W  
When combined with the Transmit Multiplex Enable bit, these bits determine the  
Transmit Back-plane Interface data rate.  
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OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
The table below shows the combinations of Transmit Multiplex Enable bit and Transmit Interface Mode Select  
[1:0] bits and the resulting Transmit Back-plane Interface data rates.  
TRANSMIT MULTIPLEX  
ENABLE BIT  
TRANSMIT INTERFACE  
MODE SELECT BIT 1  
TRANSMIT INTERFACE  
MODE SELECT BIT 0  
BACK-PLANE INTERFACE DATA RATE  
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
XRT84V24 Compatible 2.048Mbit/s  
MVIP 2.048Mbit/s  
4.096Mbit/s  
8.192Mbit/s  
-
Bit Multiplexed 16.384Mbit/s  
HMVIP 16.384Mbit/s  
H.100 16.384Mbit/s  
When the Transmit Multiplex Enable bit is set to zero, the framer is configured in non-channel-multiplexed  
mode. The possible data rates are XRT84V24 Compatible 2.048Mbit/s, MVIP 2.048Mbit/s, 4.096Mbit/s and  
8.192Mbit/s. In non-channel-multiplexed mode, payload data of each channel are taken from the Terminal  
Equipment separately. Each channel uses its own Transmit Serial Clock, Transmit Serial Data, Transmit Single-  
frame Synchronization signal and Transmit Multi-frame Synchronization signal as interface between the framer  
and the Terminal Equipment. Section 1.1.2.1, 1.1.2.2 and 1.1.2.3 provide details on how to connect the Trans-  
mit Payload Data Interface block with the Terminal Equipment when the Back-plane interface data rate is  
1.544Mbit/s.  
When the Back-plane interface data rate is MVIP 2.048Mbit/s, 4.096Mbit/s and 8.192Mbit/s, the Transmit Serial  
Clock, Transmit Serial Data, Transmit Single-frame Synchronization signal and Transmit Multi-frame Synchroni-  
zation signal are all configured as inputs. The Transmit Serial Clock is always an input clock with frequency of  
2.048 MHz for all data rates. The TxMSync_n signal is configured as the Transmit Input Clock with frequencies  
of 2.048 MHz, 4.096 MHz and 8.192 MHz respectively. It serves as the primary clock source for the High-speed  
Back-plane Interface.  
The table below summaries the clock frequencies of TxSerClk_n and TxInClk_n inputs when the framer is op-  
erating in non-multiplexed High-speed Back-plane mode.  
TRANSMIT MULTIPLEX ENABLE BIT = 0  
TRANSMIT INTERFACE  
MODE SELECT BIT 1  
TRANSMIT INTERFACE  
MODE SELECT BIT 0  
BACK-PLANE  
INTERFACE DATA RATE  
TXSERCLK  
TXMSYNC/TXINCLK  
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
2.048Mbit/s  
MVIP 2.048Mbit/s  
4.096Mbit/s  
2.048 MHz  
2.048 MHz  
2.048 MHz  
2.048 MHz  
-
2.048 MHz  
4.096 MHz  
8.192 MHz  
8.192Mbit/s  
When the Transmit Multiplex Enable bit is set to one, the framer is configured in channel-multiplexed mode.  
The possible data rates are bit-multiplexed 16.384Mbit/s, HMVIP 16.384Mbit/s and H.100 16.384Mbit/s. In  
channel-multiplexed mode, every four channels share the Transmit Serial Data and Transmit Single-frame Syn-  
chronization signal of one channel as interface between the framer and the local Terminal Equipment. The  
TxMSync_n signal of one channel is configured as the Transmit Input Clock with frequencies of 16.384 MHz. It  
serves as the primary clock source for the High-speed Back-plane Interface.  
274  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
Payload and signaling data of Channel 0-3 are multiplexed onto the Transmit Serial Data pin of Channel 0. Pay-  
load and signaling data of Channel 4-7 are multiplexed onto the Transmit Serial Data pin of Channel 4. The  
Transmit Single-frame Synchronization signal of Channel 0 pulses HIGH at the beginning of the frame with da-  
ta from Channel 0-3 multiplexed together. The Transmit Single-frame Synchronization signal of Channel 4 puls-  
es HIGH at the beginning of the frame with data from Channel 4-7 multiplexed together. It is responsibility of  
the Terminal Equipment to align the multiplexed transmit serial data with the Transmit Single-frame Synchroni-  
zation pulse. Additionally, each channel requires the local Terminal Equipment to provide a free-running 2.048  
MHz clock into the Transmit Serial Clock input.  
The table below summaries the clock frequencies of TxSerClk_n and TxInClk_n inputs when the framer is op-  
erating in multiplexed High-speed Back-plane mode.  
TRANSMIT MULTIPLEX ENABLE BIT = 1  
TRANSMIT INTERFACE  
MODE SELECT BIT 1  
TRANSMIT INTERFACE  
MODE SELECT BIT 0  
BACK-PLANE  
INTERFACE DATA RATE  
TXSERCLK  
TXMSYNC/TXCLK  
0
0
0
1
-
-
-
Bit-multiplexed  
16.384Mbit/s  
2.048 MHz  
16.384 MHz  
1
1
0
1
HMVIP 16.384Mbit/s  
H.100 16.384Mbit/s  
2.048 MHz  
2.048 MHz  
16.384 MHz  
16.384 MHz  
The Transmit Serial Clock is always running at 1.544MHz for all the High-speed Back-plane Interface modes. It  
is automatically the timing source of the Transmit Section of the framer in High-speed Back-plane Interface  
mode.  
The Transmit Single-frame Synchronization signal should pulse HIGH or LOW for one bit period at the First bit  
position of each E1 frame. Length of the bit period depends on data rate of the High-speed Back-plane Inter-  
face. The Transmit Synchronization Pulse Low bit of the Transmit Interface Control Register (TICR) determines  
whether the Transmit Single-frame Synchronization signal is HIGH active or LOW active.  
The table below shows configurations of the Transmit Synchronization Pulse LOW bit of the Transmit Interface  
Control Register (TICR).  
TRANSMIT INTERFACE CONTROL REGISTER (TICR)(INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X20H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
3
Transmit  
Synchronization  
Pulse LOW  
R/W  
0 - The Transmit Single-frame Synchronization signal will pulse HIGH indicat-  
ing the beginning of an E1 frame when the High-speed Back-plane Interface is  
running at a mode other than the XRT84V24 Compatible 2.048Mbit/s.  
1 - The Transmit Single-frame Synchronization signal will pulse LOW indicat-  
ing the beginning of an E1 frame when the High-speed Back-plane Interface is  
running at a mode other than the XRT84V24 Compatible 2.048Mbit/s.  
Throughout the discussion of this datasheet, we assume that the Transmit Single-frame Synchronization signal  
pulses HIGH unless stated otherwise.  
The TxMSync_n signal, which is a multiplexed I/O pin, no longer functions as the Transmit Multi-frame Syn-  
chronization Signal. Indeed, it becomes the Transmit Input Clock signal (TxInClk) of the High-speed Back-  
plane Interface of the framer. The local Terminal Equipment should provide a free-running clock with the same  
frequency as the High-speed Back-plane Interface to this input pin.  
The following sections discuss details of how to operate the framer in different Back-plane interface speed  
mode and how to connect the Transmit Payload Data Input Interface block to the local Terminal Equipment.  
6.1.3.1 E1 Transmit Input Interface - MVIP 2.048 MHz  
275  
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OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
When the Transmit Multiplex Enable bit is set to zero and the Transmit Interface Mode Select [1:0] bits are set  
to 01, the Transmit Back-plane interface of framer is running at a data rate of 2.048Mbit/s.  
The interface consists of the following pins:  
Data input (TxSer_n)  
Transmit Serial Clock Input signal (TxSerClk_n)  
Transmit Single-frame Synchronization Input signal (TxSync_n)  
Transmit Input Clock (TxInClk_n)  
Transmit Time-slot Indication clock (TxTSClk_n)  
Transmit Time Slot indicator bits (TxTSb[4:0]_n)  
The Transmit Back-plane interface is accepting data through TxSer_n at 2.048Mbit/s. The local Terminal Equip-  
ment supplies a free-running 2.048MHz clock to he Transmit Input Clock pin of the framer. The local Terminal  
Equipment also provides synchronized payload data at rising edge of the clock. The Transmit High-speed  
Back-plane Interface of the framer then latches incoming serial data at falling edge of the Transmit Input Clock.  
The Transmit Single-frame Synchronization input signal (TxSync_n) should pulse HIGH at the beginning of the  
256-bit frame indicating start of the frame. By sampling the HIGH pulse on the Transmit Single-frame Synchro-  
nization signal, the framer can position the beginning of an E1 frame. It is responsibility of the local Terminal  
Equipment to align the Transmit Single-frame Synchronization signal with serial data stream going into the  
framer.  
See Figure 69 below for how to interface the local Terminal Equipment with the Transmit Payload Data Input In-  
terface block of the framer in MVIP 2.048Mbit/s mode.  
FIGURE 69. INTERFACING XRT84L38 TO LOCAL TERMINAL EQUIPMENT USING MVIP 2.048MBIT/S DATA BUS  
XRT84L38  
TxSerClk_0  
Transmit  
TxSer_0  
Payload  
TxInClk_0 (2.048MHz) Data Input  
Interface  
Chn 0  
TxSync_0  
Terminal  
Equipment  
TxSerClk_7  
Transmit  
TxSer_7  
Payload  
Data Input  
Interface  
Chn 7  
TxInClk_7 (2.048MHz)  
TxSync_7  
276  
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OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
The timing diagram of input signals to the framer when running at MVIP 2.048Mbit/s mode is shown in  
Figure 70.  
FIGURE 70. TIMING DIAGRAM OF INPUT SIGNALS TO THE FRAMER WHEN RUNNING AT MVIP 2.048MBIT/S  
TxSerClk  
TxSerClk (INV)  
TxSer  
F
Don't Care  
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8  
Don't Care  
Don't Care  
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8  
TxSync(input)  
TxSync(input)  
MVIP mode  
Don't Care  
Don't Care  
A B C D  
Don't Care  
A B C D  
TxChn[0]/TxSig  
Don't Care  
A B C D  
A B C D  
Note: The following signals are not aligned with the signals shown above. The TxChClk is derived from 1.544MHz transmit clock.  
TxSyncFrd=0  
TxChClk  
Don't Care  
Don't Care  
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8  
Don't Care  
Don't Care  
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8  
TxChn[1]/TxFrTD  
TxSyncFrd=1  
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8  
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8  
TxChn[1]/TxFrTD  
TxChClk  
6.1.3.2 E1 Transmit Input Interface - 4.096 MHz  
(This interface mode is the same as running at 2.048 MHz. The only difference is that the Transmit Input Clock  
runs two times faster at 4.096 MHz)  
When the Transmit Multiplex Enable bit is set to zero and the Transmit Interface Mode Select [1:0] bits are set  
to 10, the Transmit Back-plane interface of framer is running at a clock rate of 4.096MHz.  
The interface consists of the following pins:  
Data input (TxSer_n)  
Transmit Serial Clock Input signal (TxSerClk_n)  
Transmit Single-frame Synchronization Input signal (TxSync_n)  
Transmit Input Clock (TxInClk_n)  
Transmit Time-slot Indication clock (TxTSClk_n)  
Transmit Time Slot indicator bits (TxTSb[4:0]_n)  
The Transmit Back-plane interface is still accepting data through TxSer_n at an E1 equivalent data rate of  
2.048Mbit/s. However, the local Terminal Equipment supplies a free-running 4.096MHz clock to the Transmit  
Input Clock pin of the framer. The local Terminal Equipment provides synchronized payload data at every other  
rising edge of the Transmit Input Clock. The Transmit High-speed Back-plane Interface of the framer then latch-  
es incoming serial data at every other falling edge of the clock.  
Transmit Single-frame Synchronization input signal (TxSync_n) should pulse HIGH at the beginning of the 256-  
bit frame indicating start of the frame. By sampling the HIGH pulse on the Transmit Single-frame Synchroniza-  
tion signal, the framer can position the beginning of an E1 frame. It is responsibility of the local Terminal Equip-  
ment to align the Transmit Single-frame Synchronization signal with serial data stream going into the framer.  
277  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
See Figure 71 below for how to interface the local Terminal Equipment with the Transmit Payload Data Input In-  
terface block of the framer in 4.096Mbit/s mode.  
FIGURE 71. INTERFACING XRT84L38 TO LOCAL TERMINAL EQUIPMENT USING 4.096MBIT/S DATA BUS  
XRT84L38  
TxSerClk_0  
Transmit  
TxSer_0  
Payload  
TxInClk_0 (4.096MHz) Data Input  
Interface  
Chn 0  
TxSync_0  
Terminal  
Equipment  
TxSerClk_7  
Transmit  
TxSer_7  
Payload  
Data Input  
Interface  
Chn 7  
TxInClk_7 (4.096MHz)  
TxSync_7  
The timing diagram of input signals to the framer when running at 4.096Mbit/s mode is shown in Figure 72.  
FIGURE 72. TIMING DIAGRAM OF INPUT SIGNALS TO THE FRAMER WHEN RUNNING AT 4.096MBIT/S MODE  
TxSerClk (4MHz)  
TxSerClk (2MHz)  
TxSerClk (INV)  
TxSer  
F
Don't Care  
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8  
Don't care  
Don't Care  
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8  
TxSync(input)  
TxChn[0]/TxSig  
Don't Care  
Don't Care  
A B C D  
Don't Care  
A B C D  
Don't Care  
A B C D  
A B C D  
Note: The following signals are not aligned with the signals shown above. The TxChClk is derived from 1.544MHz transmit clock.  
TxChClk(INV)  
Don't Care  
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8  
Don't Care  
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8  
TxChn[1]/TxFrTD  
6.1.3.3 E1 Transmit Input Interface - 8.192 MHz  
(This interface mode is the same as running at 2.048 MHz. The only difference is that the Transmit Input Clock  
runs four times faster at 8.192MHz)  
When the Transmit Multiplex Enable bit is set to zero and the Transmit Interface Mode Select [1:0] bits are set  
to 11, the Transmit Back-plane interface of framer is running at a clock rate of 8.192MHz.  
The interface consists of the following pins:  
278  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
Data input (TxSer_n)  
Transmit Serial Clock Input signal (TxSerClk_n)  
Transmit Single-frame Synchronization Input signal (TxSync_n)  
Transmit Input Clock (TxInClk_n)  
Transmit Time-slot Indication clock (TxTSClk_n)  
Transmit Time Slot indicator bits (TxTSb[4:0]_n)  
The Transmit Back-plane interface is still accepting data through TxSer_n at an E1 equivalent data rate of  
2.048Mbit/s. However, the local Terminal Equipment supplies a free-running 8.192MHz clock to the Transmit  
Input Clock pin of the framer. The local Terminal Equipment provides synchronized payload data at every other  
four rising edge of the Transmit Input Clock. The Transmit High-speed Back-plane Interface of the framer then  
latches incoming serial data at every other four falling edge of the clock.  
The Transmit Single-frame Synchronization input signal (TxSync_n) should pulse HIGH at the beginning of the  
256-bit frame indicating start of the frame. By sampling the HIGH pulse on the Transmit Single-frame Synchro-  
nization signal, the framer can position the beginning of an E1 frame. It is responsibility of the local Terminal  
Equipment to align the Transmit Single-frame Synchronization signal with serial data stream going into the  
framer.  
See Figure 73 below for how to interface the local Terminal Equipment with the Transmit Payload Data Input In-  
terface block of the framer in 8.192Mbit/s mode.  
FIGURE 73. INTERFACING XRT84L38 TO LOCAL TERMINAL EQUIPMENT USING 8.192MBIT/S DATA BUS  
XRT84L38  
TxSerClk_0  
Transmit  
TxSer_0  
Payload  
TxInClk_0 (8.192MHz) Data Input  
Interface  
Chn 0  
TxSync_0  
Terminal  
Equipment  
TxSerClk_7  
Transmit  
TxSer_7  
Payload  
Data Input  
Interface  
Chn 7  
TxInClk_7 (8.192MHz)  
TxSync_7  
279  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
The timing diagram of input signals to the framer when running at 8.192Mbit/s mode is shown in Figure 74.  
FIGURE 74. TIMING DIAGRAM OF INPUT SIGNALS TO THE FRAMER WHEN RUNNING AT 8.192MBIT/S MODE  
TxSerClk (8MHz)  
TxSerClk (2MHz)  
TxSerClk (INV)  
TxSer  
F
Don't Care  
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8  
Don't care  
Don't Care  
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8  
TxSync(input)  
TxChn[0]/TxSig  
Don't Care  
Don't Care  
A B C D  
Don't Care  
A B C D  
Don't Care  
A B C D  
A B C D  
Note: The following signals are not aligned with the signals shown above. The TxChClk is derived from 1.544MHz transmit clock.  
TxChClk(INV)  
Don't Care  
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8  
Don't Care  
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8  
TxChn[1]/TxFrTD  
6.1.3.4 E1 Transmit Input Interface - Bit-Multiplexed 16.384Mbit/s  
When the Transmit Multiplex Enable bit is set to one and the Transmit Interface Mode Select [1:0] bits are set to  
01, the Transmit Back-plane interface of framer is running at a clock rate of 16.384MHz.  
The interface consists of the following pins:  
Data input (TxSer_n)  
Transmit Serial Clock Input signal (TxSerClk_n)  
Transmit Single-frame Synchronization Input signal (TxSync_n)  
Transmit Input Clock (TxInClk_n)  
Transmit Time-slot Indication clock (TxTSClk_n)  
Transmit Time Slot indicator bits (TxTSb[4:0]_n)  
The Transmit Back-plane Interface is accepting data through TxSer_0 or TxSer_4 pins at 16.384Mbit/s. The lo-  
cal Terminal Equipment multiplexes payload and signaling data of every four channels into one data stream.  
Payload and signaling data of Channel 0-3 are multiplexed onto the Transmit Serial Data pin of Channel 0. Pay-  
load and signaling data of Channel 4-7 are multiplexed onto the Transmit Serial Data pin of Channel 4.  
Free-running clocks of 16.384MHz is supplied to the Transmit Input Clock pin of Channel 0 and Channel 4 of  
the framer. The local Terminal Equipment provides multiplexed payload data at rising edge of this Transmit In-  
put Clock. The Transmit High-speed Back-plane Interface of the framer then latches incoming serial data at fall-  
ing edge of the clock.  
The local Terminal Equipment maps four 2.048Mbit/s E1 data streams into this 16.384Mbit/s data stream as  
described below:  
1. Payload data of four channels are repeated and grouped together in a bit-interleaved way. The first payload  
bit of Timeslot 0 of Channel 0 is sent first, followed by the first payload bit of Timeslot 0 of Channel 1 and 2.  
The first payload bit of Timeslot 0 of Channel 3 is sent last.  
280  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
After the first bits of Timeslot 0 of all four channels are sent, it comes the second bit of Timeslot 0 of Chan-  
nel 0 and so on. The table below demonstrates how payload bits of four channels are mapped into the  
16.384Mbit/s data stream.  
FIRST OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
10  
10  
11  
11  
12  
12  
13  
13  
SECOND OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
20  
20  
21  
21  
22  
22  
23  
23  
XY: The Xth payload bit of Channel Y  
2. The local Terminal Equipment also multiplexed signaling bits with payload bits and sent them together  
through the 16.384Mbit/s data stream.  
When the Terminal Equipment is sending the fifth payload bit of a particular channel, instead of sending it  
twice, it inserts the signaling bit A of that particular channel. Similarly, the sixth payload bit of a particular  
channels is followed by the signaling bit B of that channel; the seventh payload bit is followed by the signal-  
ing bit C; the eighth payload bit is followed by the signaling bit D.  
The following table illustrates how payload bits and signaling bits are multiplexed together into the  
16.384Mbit/s data stream.  
FIFTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
50  
A0  
51  
A1  
52  
A2  
53  
A3  
SIXTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
60  
B0  
61  
B1  
62  
B2  
63  
B3  
SEVENTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
70  
C0  
71  
C1  
72  
C2  
73  
C3  
281  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
EIGHTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
80  
D0  
81  
D1  
82  
D2  
83  
D3  
XY: The Xth payload bit of Channel Y  
AY: The signaling bit A of Channel Y  
3. After the first octet of all four channels are sent, the local Terminal Equipment start sending the second  
octets following the same rules of Step 1 and 2.  
The Transmit Single-frame Synchronization signal of Channel 0 pulses HIGH for one clock cycle at the first bit  
position of the data stream with data from Channel 0-3 multiplexed together. The Transmit Single-frame Syn-  
chronization signal of Channel 4 pulses HIGH for one clock cycle at the first bit position of the data stream with  
data from Channel 4-7 multiplexed together. By sampling the HIGH pulse on the Transmit Single-frame Syn-  
chronization signal, the framer can position the beginning of the multiplexed E1 frame. It is responsibility of the  
Terminal Equipment to align the multiplexed transmit serial data with the Transmit Single-frame Synchroniza-  
tion pulse.  
Inside the framer, all the "don't care" bits will be stripped away. The framing bits, signaling and payload data are  
de-multiplexed inside the XRT84L38 device and send to each individual channel. These data will be processed  
by each individual framer and send to LIU interface. The local Terminal Equipment provides a free-running  
1.544MHz clock to the Transmit Serial Input clock of each channel. The framer will use this clock to carry the  
processed payload and signaling data to the transmit section of the device.  
See Figure 75 below for how to interface the local Terminal Equipment with the Transmit Payload Data Input In-  
terface block of the framer in Bit-multiplexed 16.384Mbit/s mode.  
282  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
FIGURE 75. INTERFACING XRT84L38 TO LOCAL TERMINAL EQUIPMENT USING 16.384MBIT/S DATA BUS  
XRT84L38  
TxSer_0  
Transmit  
Payload  
Data Input  
Interface  
Chn 0  
TxInClk_0 (16.384MHz)  
TxSync_0  
TxSerClk_0 (1.544MHz)  
TxSerClk_1 (1.544MHz)  
TxSerClk_2 (1.544MHz)  
TxSerClk_3 (1.544MHz)  
Chn 1  
Chn 2  
Chn 3  
Terminal  
Equipment  
TxSer_4  
Transmit  
Payload  
Data Input  
Interface  
Chn 4  
TxInClk_4 (16.384MHz)  
TxSync_4  
TxSerClk_4 (1.544MHz)  
TxSerClk_5 (1.544MHz)  
TxSerClk_6 (1.544MHz)  
TxSerClk_7 (1.544MHz)  
Chn 5  
Chn 6  
Chn 7  
The Input signal timing is shown in Figure 76 below when the framer is running at Bit-Multiplexed 16.384Mbit/s  
mode.  
FIGURE 76. IMING SIGNAL WHEN THE FRAMER IS RUNNING AT BIT-MULTIPLEXED 16.384MBIT/S MODE  
TxSerClk (16.384MHz)  
TxSerClk (INV)  
56 cycles  
TxSer  
F0 F0 F1 F1 F2 F2 F3 F3  
10 X 11 X 12 X 13 X 20 X 21  
X
30  
X
40  
X
50 A0 51 A1 52 A2 53 A3  
TxSync(input)  
6.1.3.5 E1 Transmit Input Interface - HMVIP 16.384Mbit/s  
When the Transmit Multiplex Enable bit is set to one and the Transmit Interface Mode Select [1:0] bits are set to  
10, the Transmit Back-plane interface of framer is running at a clock rate of 16.384MHz.  
The interface consists of the following pins:  
Data input (TxSer_n)  
Transmit Serial Clock Input signal (TxSerClk_n)  
Transmit Single-frame Synchronization Input signal (TxSync_n)  
Transmit Input Clock (TxInClk_n)  
Transmit Time-slot Indication clock (TxTSClk_n)  
283  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
Transmit Time Slot indicator bits (TxTSb[4:0]_n)  
The Transmit Back-plane Interface is accepting data through TxSer_0 or TxSer_4 pins at 16.384Mbit/s. The lo-  
cal Terminal Equipment multiplexes payload and signaling data of every four channels into one data stream.  
Payload and signaling data of Channel 0-3 are multiplexed onto the Transmit Serial Data pin of Channel 0. Pay-  
load and signaling data of Channel 4-7 are multiplexed onto the Transmit Serial Data pin of Channel 4.  
Free-running clocks of 16.384MHz is supplied to the Transmit Input Clock pin of Channel 0 and Channel 4 of  
the framer. The local Terminal Equipment provides multiplexed payload data at rising edge of this Transmit In-  
put Clock. The Transmit High-speed Back-plane Interface of the framer then latches incoming serial data at fall-  
ing edge of the clock.  
The local Terminal Equipment maps four 2.048Mbit/s E1 data streams into this 16.384Mbit/s data stream as  
described below:  
1. Payload data of four channels are repeated and grouped together in a byte-interleaved way. The first pay-  
load bit of Timeslot 0 of Channel 0 is sent first, followed by the second payload bit of Timeslot 0 of Channel  
0 and so on. After all the bits of Timeslot 0 of Channel 0 is sent repeatedly, the Terminal Equipment will  
start sending the payload bits of Timeslot 0 of Channel 1 and 2. The payload bits of Timeslot 0 of Channel  
3 are sent the last.  
After the payload bits of Timeslot 0 of all four channels are sent, it comes the payload bits of Timeslot 1 of  
Channel 0 and so on. The table below demonstrates how payload bits of four channels are mapped into  
the 16.384Mbit/s data stream.  
FIRST OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
10  
10  
20  
20  
30  
30  
40  
40  
THIRD OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
11  
11  
21  
21  
31  
31  
41  
41  
FIFTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
12  
12  
22  
22  
32  
32  
42  
42  
SEVENTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
13  
13  
23  
23  
33  
33  
43  
43  
XY: The Xth payload bit of Channel Y  
2. The local Terminal Equipment also multiplexed signaling bits with payload bits and sent them together  
through the 16.384Mbit/s data stream.  
284  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
When the Terminal Equipment is sending the fifth payload bit of a particular channel, instead of sending it  
twice, it inserts the signaling bit A of that particular channel. Similarly, the sixth payload bit of a particular  
channels is followed by the signaling bit B of that channel; the seventh payload bit is followed by the signal-  
ing bit C; the eighth payload bit is followed by the signaling bit D.  
The following table illustrates how payload bits and signaling bits are multiplexed together into the  
16.384Mbit/s data stream.  
SECOND OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
50  
A0  
60  
B0  
70  
C0  
80  
D0  
FOURTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
51  
A1  
61  
B1  
71  
C1  
81  
D1  
SIXTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
52  
A2  
62  
B2  
72  
C2  
82  
D2  
EIGHTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
53  
A3  
63  
B3  
73  
C3  
83  
D3  
XY: The Xth payload bit of Channel Y  
AY: The signaling bit A of Channel Y  
3. After the first octet of all four channels are sent, the local Terminal Equipment start sending the second  
octets following the same rules of Step 1 and 2.  
The Transmit Single-frame Synchronization signal should pulse HIGH for four clock cycles (the last two bit po-  
sitions of the previous multiplexed frame and the first two bits of the next multiplexed frame) indicating frame  
boundary of the multiplexed data stream. The Transmit Single-frame Synchronization signal of Channel 0 puls-  
es HIGH to identify the start of multiplexed data stream of Channel 0-3. The Transmit Single-frame Synchroni-  
zation signal of Channel 4 pulses HIGH to identify the start of multiplexed data stream of Channel 4-7. By sam-  
pling the HIGH pulse on the Transmit Single-frame Synchronization signal, the framer can position the begin-  
ning of the multiplexed E1 frame. It is responsibility of the Terminal Equipment to align the multiplexed transmit  
serial data with the Transmit Single-frame Synchronization pulse.  
Inside the framer, all the "don't care" bits will be stripped away. The framing bits, signaling and payload data are  
de-multiplexed inside the XRT84L38 device and send to each individual channel. These data will be processed  
by each individual framer and send to LIU interface. The local Terminal Equipment provides a free-running  
285  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
2.048MHz clock to the Transmit Serial Input clock of each channel. The framer will use this clock to carry the  
processed payload and signaling data to the transmit section of the device.  
See Figure 77 below for how to interface the local Terminal Equipment with the Transmit Payload Data Input In-  
terface block of the framer in HMVIP 16.384Mbit/s mode.  
FIGURE 77. INTERFACING XRT84L38 TO LOCAL TERMINAL EQUIPMENT USING 16.384MBIT/S DATA BUS  
XRT84L38  
TxSer_0  
Transmit  
Payload  
Data Input  
Interface  
Chn 0  
TxInClk_0 (16.384MHz)  
TxSync_0  
TxSerClk_0 (1.544MHz)  
TxSerClk_1 (1.544MHz)  
TxSerClk_2 (1.544MHz)  
TxSerClk_3 (1.544MHz)  
Chn 1  
Chn 2  
Chn 3  
Terminal  
Equipment  
TxSer_4  
Transmit  
Payload  
Data Input  
Interface  
Chn 4  
TxInClk_4 (16.384MHz)  
TxSync_4  
TxSerClk_4 (1.544MHz)  
TxSerClk_5 (1.544MHz)  
TxSerClk_6 (1.544MHz)  
TxSerClk_7 (1.544MHz)  
Chn 5  
Chn 6  
Chn 7  
The Input signal timing is shown in Figure 78 below when the framer is running at HMVIP 16.384Mbit/s mode.  
FIGURE 78. TIMING SIGNAL WHEN THE FRAMER IS RUNNING AT HMVIP 16.384MBIT/S MODE  
TxSerClk (16.384MHz)  
TxSerClk (INV)  
56 cycles  
56 cycles  
TxSer  
TxSig  
73 73 83 83 F0 F0 F1 F1 F2 F2 F3 F3  
Start of Frame  
10 10 20 20 30 30 40 40 50 A0 60 B0  
Xy : X is the bit number and y is the channel number  
0 0 0 0 0 0 A0A0B0B0C0C0 0 0 A2A2  
12 12  
52 52  
53 53 63 63 73 73 83 83  
A3A3B3B3C3C3D3D3  
C3C3D3D3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  
TxSync(input)  
HMVIP, negative sync  
TxSync(input)  
HMVIP, positive sync  
6.1.3.6 E1 Transmit Input Interface - H.100 16.384Mbit/s  
When the Transmit Multiplex Enable bit is set to one and the Transmit Interface Mode Select [1:0] bits are set to  
11, the Transmit Back-plane interface of framer is running at H.100 16.384Mbit/s mode.  
(The HMVIP mode and the H.100 mode are essential the same except for the HIGH pulse position of the  
Transmit Single-frame Synchronization Signal)  
286  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
The interface consists of the following pins:  
Data input (TxSer_n)  
Transmit Serial Clock Input signal (TxSerClk_n)  
Transmit Single-frame Synchronization Input signal (TxSync_n)  
Transmit Input Clock (TxInClk_n)  
Transmit Time-slot Indication clock (TxTSClk_n)  
Transmit Time Slot indicator bits (TxTSb[4:0]_n)  
The Transmit Back-plane Interface is accepting data through TxSer_0 or TxSer_4 pins at 16.384Mbit/s. The lo-  
cal Terminal Equipment multiplexes payload and signaling data of every four channels into one data stream.  
Payload and signaling data of Channel 0-3 are multiplexed onto the Transmit Serial Data pin of Channel 0. Pay-  
load and signaling data of Channel 4-7 are multiplexed onto the Transmit Serial Data pin of Channel 4.  
Free-running clocks of 16.384MHz is supplied to the Transmit Input Clock pin of Channel 0 and Channel 4 of  
the framer. The local Terminal Equipment provides multiplexed payload data at rising edge of this Transmit In-  
put Clock. The Transmit High-speed Back-plane Interface of the framer then latches incoming serial data at fall-  
ing edge of the clock.  
The local Terminal Equipment maps four 2.048Mbit/s E1 data streams into this 16.384Mbit/s data stream as  
described below:  
1. Payload data of four channels are repeated and grouped together in a byte-interleaved way. The first pay-  
load bit of Timeslot 0 of Channel 0 is sent first, followed by the second payload bit of Timeslot 0 of Channel  
0 and so on. After all the bits of Timeslot 0 of Channel 0 is sent repeatedly, the Terminal Equipment will  
start sending the payload bits of Timeslot 0 of Channel 1 and 2. The payload bits of Timeslot 0 of Channel  
3 are sent the last.  
After the payload bits of Timeslot 0 of all four channels are sent, it comes the payload bits of Timeslot 1 of  
Channel 0 and so on. The table below demonstrates how payload bits of four channels are mapped into  
the 16.384Mbit/s data stream.  
FIRST OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
10  
10  
20  
20  
30  
30  
40  
40  
THIRD OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
11  
11  
21  
21  
31  
31  
41  
41  
FIFTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
12  
12  
22  
22  
32  
32  
42  
42  
287  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
SEVENTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
13  
13  
23  
23  
33  
33  
43  
43  
XY: The Xth payload bit of Channel Y  
2. The local Terminal Equipment also multiplexed signaling bits with payload bits and sent them together  
through the 16.384Mbit/s data stream.  
When the Terminal Equipment is sending the fifth payload bit of a particular channel, instead of sending it  
twice, it inserts the signaling bit A of that particular channel. Similarly, the sixth payload bit of a particular  
channels is followed by the signaling bit B of that channel; the seventh payload bit is followed by the signal-  
ing bit C; the eighth payload bit is followed by the signaling bit D.  
The following table illustrates how payload bits and signaling bits are multiplexed together into the  
16.384Mbit/s data stream.  
SECOND OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
50  
A0  
60  
B0  
70  
C0  
80  
D0  
FOURTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
51  
A1  
61  
B1  
71  
C1  
81  
D1  
SIXTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
52  
A2  
62  
B2  
72  
C2  
82  
D2  
EIGHTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
53  
A3  
63  
B3  
73  
C3  
83  
D3  
XY: The Xth payload bit of Channel Y  
AY: The signaling bit A of Channel Y  
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3. After the first octet of all four channels are sent, the local Terminal Equipment start sending the second  
octets following the same rules of Step 1 and 2.  
The Transmit Single-frame Synchronization signal should pulse HIGH for two clock cycles (the last bit position  
of the previous multiplexed frame and the first bit position of the next multiplexed frame) indicating frame  
boundary of the multiplexed data stream. The Transmit Single-frame Synchronization signal of Channel 0 puls-  
es HIGH to identify the start of multiplexed data stream of Channel 0-3. The Transmit Single-frame Synchroni-  
zation signal of Channel 4 pulses HIGH to identify the start of multiplexed data stream of Channel 4-7. By sam-  
pling the HIGH pulse on the Transmit Single-frame Synchronization signal, the framer can position the begin-  
ning of the multiplexed E1 frame. It is responsibility of the Terminal Equipment to align the multiplexed transmit  
serial data with the Transmit Single-frame Synchronization pulse.  
Inside the framer, all the "don't care" bits will be stripped away. The framing bits, signaling and payload data are  
de-multiplexed inside the XRT84L38 device and send to each individual channel. These data will be processed  
by each individual framer and send to LIU interface. The local Terminal Equipment provides a free-running  
2.048MHz clock to the Transmit Serial Input clock of each channel. The framer will use this clock to carry the  
processed payload and signaling data to the transmit section of the device.  
See Figure 79 below for how to interface the local Terminal Equipment with the Transmit Payload Data Input In-  
terface block of the framer in HMVIP 16.384Mbit/s mode.  
FIGURE 79. INTERFACING XRT84L38 TO LOCAL TERMINAL EQUIPMENT USING 16.384MBIT/S DATA BUS  
XRT84L38  
TxSer_0  
Transmit  
Payload  
Data Input  
Interface  
Chn 0  
TxInClk_0 (16.384MHz)  
TxSync_0  
TxSerClk_0 (2.048MHz)  
TxSerClk_1 (2.048MHz)  
TxSerClk_2 (2.048MHz)  
TxSerClk_3 (2.048MHz)  
Chn 1  
Chn 2  
Chn 3  
Terminal  
Equipment  
TxSer_4  
Transmit  
Payload  
Data Input  
Interface  
Chn 4  
TxInClk_4 (16.384MHz)  
TxSync_4  
TxSerClk_4 (2.048MHz)  
TxSerClk_5 (2.048MHz)  
TxSerClk_6 (2.048MHz)  
TxSerClk_7 (2.048MHz)  
Chn 5  
Chn 6  
Chn 7  
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OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
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The Input signal timing is shown in Figure 80 below when the framer is running at H.100 16.384Mbit/s  
mode.The E1 Receive Section  
FIGURE 80. TIMING SIGNAL WHEN THE FRAMER IS RUNNING AT H.100 16.384MBIT/S MODE  
TxSerClk (16.384MHz)  
TxSerClk (INV)  
56 cycles  
56 cycles  
TxSer  
TxSig  
73 73 83 83 F0 F0 F1 F1 F2 F2 F3 F3  
Start of Frame  
10 10 20 20 30 30 40 40 50 A0 60 B0  
Xy : X is the bit number and y is the channel number  
0 0 0 0 0 0 A0A0B0B0C0C0 0 0 A2A2  
12 12  
52 52  
53 53 63 63 73 73 83 83  
A3A3B3B3C3C3D3D3  
C3C3D3D3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  
TxSync(input)  
H.100, negative sync  
TxSync(input)  
H.100, positive sync  
Delayer H.100  
TxSync(input)  
H.100, negative sync  
TxSync(input)  
H.100, positive sync  
6.2 THE RECEIVE PAYLOAD DATA OUTPUT INTERFACE BLOCK  
6.2.1 Description of the Receive Payload Data Output Interface Block  
Each of the eight framers within the XRT84L38 device includes a Receive Payload Data Output Interface block.  
The function of the block is to provide an interface to the Terminal Equipment (for example, a Central Office or  
switching equipment) that has data to receive from a "Far End" terminal over an DS1 or E1 transport medium.  
The Payload Data Output Interface module (also known as the Back-plane Interface module) supports payload  
data to be taken from or presented to the system. In E1 mode, supported data rates are 1.544Mbit/s, MVIP  
2.048Mbit/s, 4.096Mbit/s, 8.192Mbit/s, multiplexed 12.352Mbit/s, multiplexed 16.384Mbit/s, HMVIP  
16.384Mbit/s or H.100 16.384Mbit/s. In E1 mode, supported data rates are XRT84V24 compatible 2.048Mbit/s,  
MVIP 2.048Mbit/s, 4.096Mbit/s, 8.192Mbit/s, multiplexed 16.384Mbit/s, HMVIP 16.384Mbit/s or H.100  
16.384Mbit/s.  
The Receive Payload Data Output Interface block supplies or accepts the following signals to the Terminal  
Equipment circuitry:  
Receive Serial Data Input (RxSer_n)  
Receive Serial Clock (RxSerClk_n)  
Receive Single-frame Synchronization Signal (RxSync_n)  
Receive Multi-frame Synchronization Signal (RxMSync_n)  
Receive Time-slot Indicator Clock (RxTSClk_n)  
Receive Time-slot Indication Bits (RxTSb[4:0]_n)  
The Receive Serial Data is an output pin carrying payload, signaling and sometimes Data Link data supplied  
by XRT84L38 device to the local Terminal Equipment.  
The Receive Serial Clock is an input or output signal used by the Receive Payload Data Input Interface block to  
send out serial data to the local Terminal Equipment. The Receive Clock Inversion bit of the Receive Interface  
Control Register (TICR) determines at which edge of the Receive Serial Clock would data transition on the Re-  
ceive Serial Data pin occur.  
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áç  
The table below shows configurations of the Receive Clock Inversion bit of the Receive Interface Control Reg-  
ister (RICR).  
RECEIVE INTERFACE CONTROL REGISTER (RICR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X22H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
3
Receive Clock  
Inversion  
R/W  
0 - Serial data transition happens on rising edge of the Receive Serial Clock.  
1 - Serial data transition happens on falling edge of the Receive Serial Clock.  
Throughout the discussion of this datasheet, we assume that serial data transition happens on rising edge of  
the Receive Serial Clock unless stated otherwise.  
The Receive Single-frame Synchronization signal is either input or output. When configure as input, it indicates  
beginning of an E1 frame. When configure as output, it indicates end of an E1 frame.  
The Receive Multi-frame Synchronization signal is an output pin from XRT84L38 indicating end of an E1 multi-  
frame.  
By connecting these signals with the local Terminal Equipment, the Receive Payload Data Output Interface  
routes received payload data from the Receive Framer Module to the local Terminal Equipment.  
6.2.2 Brief Discussion of the Receive Payload Data Output Interface Block Operating at XRT84V24  
Compatible 2.048Mbit/s mode  
The incoming Receive Payload Data is taken into the framer from the LIU interface using the Recovered Re-  
ceive Line Clock. The payload data is then routed through the Receive Farmer Module and presented to the  
Receive Payload Data Output Interface through the Receive Serial Data output pin (RxSer_n). This data is then  
clocked out using the Receive Serial Clock (RxSerClk_n).  
There is a two-frame (512 bits) elastic buffer between the Receive Framer Module and the Receive Payload  
Data Output Interface. This buffer can be enabled or disabled via programming the Slip Buffer Enable [1:0] bits  
in Slip Buffer Control Register (SBCR).  
The following table shows configurations of the Slip Buffer Enable [1:0] bits in Slip Buffer Control Register.  
SLIP BUFFER CONTROL REGISTER (SBCR)(INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X16H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
1-0  
Slip Buffer  
Enable  
R/W  
00 - Slip Buffer is bypassed. The Receive Payload Data is passing from the  
Receive Framer Module to the Receive Payload Data Output Interface directly  
without routing through the Slip Buffer. The Receive Serial Clock signal  
(RxSerClk_n) is an output.  
01 - The Elastic Store (Slip Buffer) is enabled. The Receive Payload Data is  
passing from the Receive Framer Module through the Slip Buffer to the Receive  
Payload Data Output Interface. The Receive Serial Clock signal (RxSerClk_n) is  
an input.  
10 - The Slip Buffer acts as a FIFO. The FIFO Latency Register (FLR) deter-  
mines the data latency. The Receive Payload Data is passing from the Receive  
Framer Module through the FIFO to the Receive Payload Data Output Interface.  
The Receive Serial Clock signal (RxSerClk_n) is an input.  
11 - Slip Buffer is bypassed. The Receive Payload Data is passing from the  
Receive Framer Module to the Receive Payload Data Output Interface directly  
without routing through the Slip Buffer. The Receive Serial Clock signal  
(RxSerClk_n) is an output.  
If the Slip Buffer is not in bypass mode, then the user has the option of either providing the Receive Single-  
Frame Synchronization pulse or getting the Receive Single-Frame Synchronization pulse on frame boundary at  
the RxSync_n pin. The Slip Buffer Receive Synchronization Direction bit of the Slip Buffer Control Register  
(SBCR) determines whether the Receive Single-Frame Synchronization signal is input or output. The table be-  
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OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
low demonstrates settings of the Slip Buffer Receive Synchronization Direction bit of the Slip Buffer Control  
Register.  
SLIP BUFFER CONTROL REGISTER (SBCR)(INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X16H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
2
Slip Buffer  
Receive  
R/W  
0 - The Receive Single-Frame Synchronization signal (RxSync_n) is an output  
if the Slip Buffer is not in bypass mode.  
Synchronization  
Direction  
1 - The Receive Single-Frame Synchronization signal (RxSync_n) is an input if  
the Slip Buffer is not in bypass mode.  
If the Slip Buffer is in bypass mode, the Receive Payload Data is routed to the Receive Payload Data Output In-  
terface from the Receive Framer Module directly. The Recovered Line Clock is used to carry the Receive Pay-  
load Data all the way from the LIU interface, to the Receive Framer Module and eventually output through the  
Receive Serial Data output pin. The Receive Serial Clock signal is therefore an output using the Recovered  
Receive Line Clock as timing source. The Receive Single-Frame Synchronization signal is also output in Slip  
Buffer bypass mode.  
If the Slip Buffer is enabled, the Receive Payload Data is latched into the Elastic Store using the Recovered  
Receive Line Clock. The local Terminal Equipment supplies a free-running 2.048MHz clock to the Receive Se-  
rial Clock pin to latch the Receive Payload Data out from the Elastic Store. Since the Recovered Receive Line  
Clock and the Receive Serial Clock are coming from different timing sources, the Slip Buffer will gradually fill or  
empty. If the elastic buffer either fills or empties, a controlled slip will occur. If the buffer empties and a read oc-  
curs, then a full frame of data will be repeated and a status bit will be updated. If the buffer fills and a write  
comes, then a full frame of data will be deleted and another status bit will be set. A detailed description of the  
Elastic Buffer can be found in later sections. In this mode, the Receive Single-Frame Synchronization signal  
can be either input or output depending on the settings of the Slip Buffer Receive Synchronization Direction bit  
of the Slip Buffer Control Register.  
If the Slip Buffer is put into a FIFO mode, it is acting like a standard First-In-First-Out storage. A fixed READ  
and WRITE latency is maintained in a programmable fashion controlled by the FIFO Latency Register  
(FIFOLR). The local Terminal Equipment supplies a 2.048MHz clock to the Receive Serial Clock pin to latch  
the Receive Payload Data out from the FIFO. However, it is the responsibility of the user to phase lock the input  
Receive Serial Clock to the Recovered Receive Line Clock to avoid either over-run or under-run of the FIFO. In  
this mode, the Receive Single-Frame Synchronization signal can be either input or output depending on the  
settings of the Slip Buffer Receive Synchronization Direction bit of the Slip Buffer Control Register.  
The following table summaries the input or output nature of the Receive Serial Clock and Receive Single-  
Frame Synchronization signals for different Slip Buffer settings.  
RECEIVE TIMING SOURCE  
RXSERCLK_N  
RXSYNC_N  
Slip Buffer Synchronization  
Slip Buffer Synchronization  
Direction Bit = 1  
Direction Bit = 0  
Slip Buffer Bypassed  
Slip Buffer Enabled  
Output  
Input  
Output  
Output  
Input  
Output  
Slip Buffer Acts as FIFO  
Input  
Output  
Input  
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The Receive Time-slot Indication Bits (RxTSb[4:0]_n) are multiplexed I/O pins. The functionality of these pins is  
governed by the value of Receive Fractional E1 Output Enable bit of the Receive Interface Control Register  
(RICR). The following table illustrates the configurations of the Receive Fractional E1 Input Enable bit.  
RECEIVE INTERFACE CONTROL REGISTER (RICR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X22H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
4
Receive  
Fractional E1  
Output Enable  
R/W  
0 - The Receive Time-slot Indication bits (RxTSb[4:0] are outputting five-bit  
binary values of Time-slot number (0-31) being accepted and processed by the  
Receive Payload Data Output Interface block of the framer.  
The Receive Time-slot Indicator Clock signal (RxTSClk_n) is a 256KHz clock  
that pulses HIGH for one E1 bit period whenever the Receive Payload Data Out-  
put Interface block is accepting the LSB of each of the twenty-four time slots.  
1 - The RxTSb[0]_n bit becomes the Receive Fractional E1 Output signal  
(RxFrTD_n) which carries Fractional E1 payload data from the framer.  
The RxTSb[1]_n bit becomes the Receive Signaling Data Output signal  
(RxSig_n) which is used to carry robbed-bit signaling data extracted from the  
inbound E1 frame.  
The RxTSb[2]_n bit serially outputs all five-bit binary values of the Time Slot  
number (0-31) being accepted and processed by the Receive Payload Data Out-  
put Interface block of the framer.  
The RxTSClk_n will output gaped fractional E1 clock that can be used by Termi-  
nal Equipment to latch in Fractional E1 payload data at rising edge of the clock.  
Or,  
The RxTSClk_n pin will be a clock enable signal to Receive Fractional E1 Output  
signal (RxFrTD_n) when the un-gaped Receive Serail Output Clock  
(RxSerClk_n) is used to latch in Fractional E1 Payload Data into the Terminal  
Equipment.  
When configured to operate in normal condition (that is, when the Receive Fractional E1 Input Enable bit is  
equal to zero), these bits reflect the five-bit binary value of the Time Slot number (0-31) being outputted and  
processed by the Receive Payload Data Output Interface block of the framer. RxTSb[4] represents the MSB of  
the binary value and RxTSb[0] represents the LSB.  
When the Receive Fractional E1 Output Enable bit is equal to one, the RxTSb[0]_n bit becomes the Receive  
Fractional E1 Output signal (RxFrTD_n). This output pin carries Fractional E1 Output data extracted by the  
framer from the incoming E1 data stream. The Fractional E1 Output Interface allows certain time-slots of E1  
data to be routed to destinations other than the local Terminal Equipment. Function of the Fractional E1 Output  
signal will be discussed in details in later sections.  
When the Receive Fractional E1 Output Enable bit is equal to one, the RxTSb[1]_n bit becomes the Receive  
Signaling Data Output signal (RxSig_n). These output pins can be used to carry robbed-bit signaling data ex-  
tracted from the inbound E1 frame. Function of the Receive Signaling Data Output signal will be discussed in  
details in later sections.  
When the Receive Fractional E1 Output Enable bit is equal to one, the RxTSb[2]_n bit serially outputs all five-  
bit binary values of the Time Slot number (0-31) being outputted and processed by the Receive Payload Data  
Output Interface block of the framer. MSB of the binary value is presented first and the LSB is presented last.  
The RxTSb[3]_n and RxTSb[4}_n pins are not multiplexed.  
293  
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OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
The table below shows functionality of the RxTSb[2:0] bits when the Receive Fractional E1 Output bit is set to  
different values.  
RECEIVE FRACTIONAL E1 OUTPUT BIT = 0  
RECEIVE FRACTIONAL E1 OUTPUT BIT = 1  
RxTSb[0]  
RxTSb[1]  
RxTSb[2]  
Output  
Output  
Output  
RxFrTD  
RxSig  
RxTS  
Output  
Output  
Output  
The Receive Time-slot Indicator Clock signal (RxTSClk_n) is a multi-function output pin. When configured to  
operate in normal condition (that is, when the Receive Fractional E1 Input Enable bit is equal to zero), the  
RxTSClk_n is a 256KHz clock that pulses HIGH for one E1 bit period whenever the Receive Payload Data Out-  
put Interface block is outputting the LSB of each of the twenty-four time slots. The local Terminal Equipment  
should use this clock signal to sample the RxTSb[0] through RxTSb[4] bits and identify the time-slot being pro-  
cessed via the Receive Section of the framer.  
When the Receive Fractional E1 Output Enable bit is equal to one, the RxTSClk_n will output gaped fractional  
E1 clock whenever Fractional E1 payload data is present at the RxFrTD_n pin. The local Terminal Equipment  
can latch in Fractional E1 payload data at falling edge of the clock. Otherwise, this pin will be a clock enable  
signal to Receive Fractional E1 output signal (RxFrTD_n) if the framer is configured accordingly. In this way,  
Fractional E1 payload data is clocked into the Terminal Equipment using un-gaped Receive Serial Output  
Clock (RxSerClk_n). A detailed discussion of the Fractional E1 Payload Data Output Interface can be found in  
later sections.  
A detailed discussion of how to connect the Receive Payload Data Output Interface block to the local Terminal  
Equipment with Slip Buffer enabled or disabled can be found in the later sections.  
6.2.2.1 Connect the Receive Payload Data Output Interface block to the Local Terminal Equipment if  
the Slip Buffer is bypassed  
By setting the Slip Buffer Enable [1:0] bits of the Slip Buffer Control Register to 00 or 11, the Receive Framer  
Module routes the Receive Payload Data directly to the Receive Payload Data Output Interface without passing  
through the Elastic Buffer. The XRT84L38 device uses the Recovered Receive Line Clock internally to carry  
the Receive Payload Data directly across the whole chip. The Recovered Receive Line Clock is essentially be-  
come timing source of the Receive Serial Clock output.  
If the Slip Buffer is bypassed, the Receive Single-frame Synchronization signal is automatically configured to  
be output signals. It should pulse HIGH for one E1 bit period (488ns) at the last bit position of each E1 frame.  
By triggering on the HIGH pulse on the Receive Single-frame Synchronization signal, the Terminal Equipment  
can identify the end of an E1 frame and should prepare to accept payload data of the next E1 frame from the  
framer.  
The Receive Multi-frame Synchronization signal should pulse HIGH for one E1 bit period (488ns) at the last bit  
position of an E1 multi-frame. By triggering on the HIGH pulse on the Receive Multi-frame Synchronization sig-  
nal, the framer can identify the end of an E1 super-frame and should prepare to accept payload data of the next  
E1 super-frame from the framer.  
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See Figure 81 for how to connect the Receive Payload Data Output Interface block to the local Terminal Equip-  
ment when the Slip Buffer is bypassed and the Recovered Receive Line Clock is timing source of the Receive  
section.  
FIGURE 81. INTERFACING XRT84L38 TO LOCAL TERMINAL EQUIPMENT WITH SLIP BUFFER BYPASSED AND RECOV-  
ERED RECEIVE LINE CLOCK AS RECEIVE TIMING SOURCE  
XRT84L38  
RxSerClk_0  
RxLineClk_0  
RxSer_0  
Receive  
Payload  
Data Input  
Interface  
Chn 0  
RxMSync_0  
RxSync_0  
RxTSClk_0  
RxTSb[4:0]_0  
Terminal  
Equipment  
RxSerClk_7  
RxSer_7  
Receive  
Payload  
Data Input  
Interface  
Chn 7  
RxMSync_7  
RxSync_7  
RxTSClk_7  
RxTSb[4:0]_7  
RxLineClk_7  
The following Figure 82 shows waveforms of the signals (RxSerClk_n, RxSer_n, RxSync_n, RxTSClk_n and  
RxTSb[4:0]_n) which connecting the Receive Payload Data Output Interface block to the local Terminal Equip-  
295  
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OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
ment when the Slip Buffer is bypassed and the Recovered Receive Line Clock is timing source of the Receive  
section.  
FIGURE 82. WAVEFORMS OF THE SIGNALS CONNECTING THE RECEIVE PAYLOAD DATA OUTPUT INTERFACE BLOCK  
TO THE LOCAL TERMINAL EQUIPMENT WHEN THE SLIP BUFFER IS BYPASSED AND THE RECOVERED LINE CLOCK IS  
THE TIMING SOURCE OF THE RECEIVE SECTION  
Timeslot 0  
Timeslot 5  
Timeslot 6  
Input Data  
Timeslot 16  
Input Data  
RxSerClk  
RxSer  
RxSync(input)  
RxSync(output)  
RxChClk  
RxChn[4:0]  
Timeslot #0  
Timeslot #5  
Timeslot #6  
Timeslot #16  
RxChn[0]/RxSig  
RxChn[2]/RxChn  
A B C D  
A B C D  
A B C D  
A B C D  
c1 c2 c3 c4 c5  
c1 c2 c3 c4 c5  
c1 c2 c3 c4 c5  
c1 c2 c3 c4 c5  
RxChClk  
RxChn[1]/RxFrTD  
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8  
6.2.2.2 Connect the Receive Payload Data Output Interface block to the Local Terminal Equipment if  
the Slip Buffer is enabled  
By setting the Slip Buffer Enable [1:0] bits of the Slip Buffer Control Register to 01, the framer includes the two-  
frame Elastic Buffer into its data path. The Receive Framer Module routes the Receive Payload Data to the  
Elastic Buffer first. The Receive Payload Data is then presented to the Receive Payload Data Output Interface.  
The XRT84L38 device uses the Recovered Receive Line Clock internally to clock in the Receive Payload Data  
into the Elastic Buffer. The Terminal Equipment should provide a 2.048MHz clock to the Receive Serial Clock  
input pin to latch data out from the Elastic Buffer.  
The Recovered Receive Line Clock and the Receive Serial Clock are generated from two different timing  
sources. That is, the Recovered Receive Line Clock is originating from a remote site while Receive Serial  
Clock generating by a local oscillator. Any mismatch in frequencies of these two clocks will result in the Slip  
Buffer to gradually fill or deplete.  
Overtime, the Elastic Buffer either fills or empties completely. Once that happened, a controlled slip by the  
XRT84L38 device will occur. The Receive Slip Buffer Slip bit of the Slip Buffer Status Register (SBSR) is set to  
1.  
If the buffer empties and a read occurs, then a full frame of data will be repeated and the Receive Slip Buffer  
Empty bit of the Slip Buffer Status Register (SBSR) will be forced HIGH. If the buffer fills and a write comes,  
then a full frame of data will be deleted and the Receive Slip Buffer Full bit of the Slip Buffer Status Register  
(SBSR) will be forced HIGH.  
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The following table demonstrates settings of the Receive Slip Buffer Slip bit, Receive Slip Buffer Empty bit and  
Receive Slip Buffer Full bit of the Slip Buffer Status Register.  
SLIP BUFFER STATUS REGISTER (SBSR)(INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X08H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
2
Receive Slip  
Buffer Full  
R/W  
0 - The Receive Slip Buffer is not full.  
1 - The Receive Slip Buffer is full and one frame of data is discarded.  
1
1
Receive Slip  
Buffer Empty  
R/W  
R/W  
0 - The Receive Slip Buffer is not empty.  
1 - The Receive Slip Buffer is empty and one frame of data is repeated.  
Receive Slip  
Buffer Slip  
0 - The Receive Slip Buffer does not slip.  
1 - The Receive Slip Buffer slips since either full or emptied.  
In this mode, the Receive Single-Frame Synchronization signal can be either input or output depending on the  
settings of the Slip Buffer Receive Synchronization Direction bit of the Slip Buffer Control Register. When the  
Slip Buffer Receive Synchronization Direction bit is set to 0, the Receive Single-Frame Synchronization signal  
(RxSync_n) is an. When the Slip Buffer Receive Synchronization Direction bit is set to 1,the Receive Single-  
Frame Synchronization signal (RxSync_n) is an input.  
If the Receive Single-Frame Synchronization signal is an output, it should pulse HIGH for one E1 bit period  
(488ns) at the last bit position of each E1 frame. By triggering on the HIGH pulse on the Receive Single-frame  
Synchronization signal, the Terminal Equipment can identify the end of an E1 frame and should prepare to ac-  
cept payload data of the next E1 frame from the framer.  
If the Receive Single-Frame Synchronization signal is an input, it should pulse HIGH for one E1 bit period  
(488ns) at the first bit position (F-bit) of each E1 frame. By sampling the HIGH pulse of the Receive Single-  
frame Synchronization signal, the framer should identity the beginning of an E1 frame and can send out data in  
a synchronized way. It is the responsibility of the local Terminal Equipment to align the start of an E1 frame with  
the Receive Single-Frame Synchronization pulse.  
The Receive Multi-frame Synchronization signal should pulse HIGH for one E1 bit period (488ns) at the last bit  
position of Frame number one of an E1 multi-frame. By triggering on the HIGH pulse on the Receive Multi-  
frame Synchronization signal, the framer can identify the end of an E1 super-frame and should prepare to ac-  
cept payload data of the next E1 super-frame from the framer.  
297  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
See Figure 83 for how to connect the Receive Payload Data Output Interface block to the local Terminal Equip-  
ment when the Slip Buffer is enabled.  
FIGURE 83. INTERFACING XRT84L38 TO LOCAL TERMINAL EQUIPMENT WITH SLIP BUFFER ENABLED OR ACTS AS  
FIFO  
XRT84L38  
RxSerClk_0  
RxSer_0  
Receive  
RxMSync_0  
RxSync_0  
Payload  
Data Input  
Interface  
Chn 0  
RxTSClk_0  
RxTSb[4:0]_0  
Terminal  
Equipment  
RxSerClk_7  
RxSer_7  
Receive  
Payload  
Data Input  
Interface  
Chn 7  
RxMSync_7  
RxSync_7  
RxTSClk_7  
RxTSb[4:0]_7  
298  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
The following Figure 84 shows waveforms of the signals (RxSerClk_n, RxSer_n, RxSync_n, RxTSClk_n and  
RxTSb[4:0]_n) which connecting the Receive Payload Data Output Interface block to the local Terminal Equip-  
ment when the Slip Buffer is enabled.  
FIGURE 84. WAVEFORMS OF THE SIGNALS THAT CONNECT THE RECEIVE PAYLOAD DATA OUTPUT INTERFACE  
BLOCK TO THE LOCAL TERMINAL EQUIPMENT WHEN THE SLIP BUFFER IS ENABLED  
Timeslot 0  
Timeslot 5  
Timeslot 6  
Input Data  
Timeslot 16  
Input Data  
RxSerClk  
RxSer  
RxSync(input)  
RxSync(output)  
RxChClk  
RxChn[4:0]  
Timeslot #0  
Timeslot #5  
Timeslot #6  
Timeslot #16  
RxChn[0]/RxSig  
RxChn[2]/RxChn  
A B C D  
A B C D  
A B C D  
A B C D  
c1 c2 c3 c4 c5  
c1 c2 c3 c4 c5  
c1 c2 c3 c4 c5  
c1 c2 c3 c4 c5  
RxChClk  
RxChn[1]/RxFrTD  
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8  
6.2.2.3 Connect the Receive Payload Data Output Interface block to the Local Terminal Equipment if  
the Slip Buffer is configured as FIFO  
By setting the Slip Buffer Enable [1:0] bits of the Slip Buffer Control Register to 10, the framer puts the Elastic  
Buffer into FIFO mode. Receive Framer Module routes the Receive Payload Data through the First-In-First-Out  
storage to the Receive Payload Data Output Interface. The XRT84L38 device uses the Recovered Receive  
Line Clock internally to clock in the Receive Payload Data into the FIFO. The Terminal Equipment should pro-  
vide an external 2.048MHz clock to the Receive Serial Clock input pin to latch data out from the FIFO.  
It is the responsibility of the user to phase lock the input Receive Serial Clock to the Recovered Receive Line  
Clock to avoid either over-run or under-run of the FIFO. The latency between writing a bit into the FIFO and  
reading the same bit from it (READ and WRITE latency) is actually depth of the FIFO, which is maintained in a  
programmable fashion controlled by the FIFO Latency Register (FIFOLR). The largest possible depth of the  
FIFO is thirty-two bytes or one E1 frame. The default depth of the FIFO when XRT84L38 first powered up is  
four bytes. The table below shows the FIFO Latency Register.  
FIFO LATENCY REGISTER (FIFOL) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X17H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
4-0  
FIFO Latency  
R/W  
These bits determine depth of the FIFO in terms of bytes. The largest possible  
value is thirty-two bytes or one E1 frame.  
In this mode, the Receive Single-Frame Synchronization signal can be either input or output depending on the  
settings of the Slip Buffer Receive Synchronization Direction bit of the Slip Buffer Control Register. When the  
Slip Buffer Receive Synchronization Direction bit is set to 0, the Receive Single-Frame Synchronization signal  
(RxSync_n) is an. When the Slip Buffer Receive Synchronization Direction bit is set to 1,the Receive Single-  
Frame Synchronization signal (RxSync_n) is an input.  
299  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
If the Receive Single-Frame Synchronization signal is an output, it should pulse HIGH for one E1 bit period  
(488ns) at the last bit position of each E1 frame. By triggering on the HIGH pulse on the Receive Single-frame  
Synchronization signal, the Terminal Equipment can identify the end of an E1 frame and should prepare to ac-  
cept payload data of the next E1 frame from the framer.  
If the Receive Single-Frame Synchronization signal is an input, it should pulse HIGH for one E1 bit period  
(488ns) at the first bit position (F-bit) of each E1 frame. By sampling the HIGH pulse of the Receive Single-  
frame Synchronization signal, the framer should identity the beginning of an E1 frame and can send out data in  
a synchronized way. It is the responsibility of the local Terminal Equipment to align the start of an E1 frame with  
the Receive Single-Frame Synchronization pulse.  
The Receive Multi-frame Synchronization signal should pulse HIGH for one E1 bit period (488ns) at the last bit  
position of Frame number one of an E1 multi-frame. By triggering on the HIGH pulse on the Receive Multi-  
frame Synchronization signal, the framer can identify the end of an E1 super-frame and should prepare to ac-  
cept payload data of the next E1 super-frame from the framer.  
See Figure 85 for how to connect the Receive Payload Data Output Interface block to the local Terminal Equip-  
ment when the Slip Buffer is acted as FIFO.  
FIGURE 85. INTERFACING XRT84L38 TO LOCAL TERMINAL EQUIPMENT WITH SLIP BUFFER ENABLED OR ACTS AS  
FIFO  
XRT84L38  
RxSerClk_0  
RxSer_0  
Receive  
RxMSync_0  
RxSync_0  
Payload  
Data Input  
Interface  
Chn 0  
RxTSClk_0  
RxTSb[4:0]_0  
Terminal  
Equipment  
RxSerClk_7  
RxSer_7  
Receive  
Payload  
Data Input  
Interface  
Chn 7  
RxMSync_7  
RxSync_7  
RxTSClk_7  
RxTSb[4:0]_7  
300  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
The following Figure 86 shows waveforms of the signals (RxSerClk_n, RxSer_n, RxSync_n, RxTSClk_n and  
RxTSb[4:0]_n) which connecting the Receive Payload Data Output Interface block to the local Terminal Equip-  
ment when the Slip Buffer is acted as FIFO.  
FIGURE 86. WAVEFORMS OF THE SIGNALS THAT CONNECT THE RECEIVE PAYLOAD DATA OUTPUT INTERFACE  
BLOCK TO THE LOCAL TERMINAL EQUIPMENT WHEN THE SLIP BUFFER IS ACTED AS FIFO  
Timeslot 0  
Timeslot 5  
Timeslot 6  
Input Data  
Timeslot 16  
Input Data  
RxSerClk  
RxSer  
RxSync(input)  
RxSync(output)  
RxChClk  
RxChn[4:0]  
Timeslot #0  
Timeslot #5  
Timeslot #6  
Timeslot #16  
RxChn[0]/RxSig  
RxChn[2]/RxChn  
A B C D  
A B C D  
A B C D  
A B C D  
c1 c2 c3 c4 c5  
c1 c2 c3 c4 c5  
c1 c2 c3 c4 c5  
c1 c2 c3 c4 c5  
RxChClk  
RxChn[1]/RxFrTD  
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8  
6.2.3 High Speed Receive Back-plane Interface  
The High-speed Back-plane Interface supports payload data to be taken from or presented to the local Termi-  
nal Equipment at different data rates. In E1 mode, supported High-speed data rates are MVIP 2.048Mbit/s,  
4.096Mbit/s, 8.192Mbit/s, multiplexed 16.384Mbit/s, HMVIP 16.384Mbit/s or H.100 16.384Mbit/s. The Receive  
Multiplex Enable bit and the Receive Interface Mode Select [1:0] bits of the Receive Interface Control Register  
(RICR) determine the Receive Back-plane Interface data rate.  
The following table shows configurations of the Receive Multiplex Enable bit and the Receive Interface Mode  
Select [1:0] bits of the Receive Interface Control Register (RICR).  
RECEIVE INTERFACE CONTROL REGISTER (RICR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X22H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
2
Receive Multi-  
plex Enable  
R/W  
0 - The Receive Back-plane Interface block is configured to non-channel-multi-  
plexed mode  
1 - The Receive Back-plane Interface block is configured to channel-multiplexed  
mode  
1-0  
Receive Inter-  
face Mode  
Select  
R/W  
When combined with the Receive Multiplex Enable bit, these bits determine the  
Receive Back-plane Interface data rate.  
301  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
The table below shows the combinations of Receive Multiplex Enable bit and Receive Interface Mode Select  
[1:0] bits and the resulting Receive Back-plane Interface data rates.  
RECEIVE MULTIPLEX  
ENABLE BIT  
RECEIVE INTERFACE  
MODE SELECT BIT 1  
RECEIVE INTERFACE  
MODE SELECT BIT 0  
BACK-PLANE INTERFACE DATA RATE  
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
XRT84V24 Compatible 2.048Mbit/s  
MVIP 2.048Mbit/s  
4.096Mbit/s  
8.192Mbit/s  
-
Bit Multiplexed 16.384Mbit/s  
HMVIP 16.384Mbit/s  
H.100 16.384Mbit/s  
When the Receive Multiplex Enable bit is set to zero, the framer is configured in non-channel-multiplexed  
mode. The possible data rates are XRT84V24 Compatible 2.048Mbit/s, MVIP 2.048Mbit/s, 4.096Mbit/s and  
8.192Mbit/s. In non-channel-multiplexed mode, payload data of each channel are sending out from the Receive  
High-speed Back-plane Interface separately. Each channel uses its own Receive Serial Clock, Receive Serial  
Data, Receive Single-frame Synchronization signal and Receive Multi-frame Synchronization signal as inter-  
face between the framer and the Terminal Equipment. Section 2.1.1.1, 2.1.1.2 and 2.1.1.3 provide details on  
how to connect the Receive Payload Data Interface block with the local Terminal Equipment when the Back-  
plane interface data rate is 2.048Mbit/s.  
When the Back-plane interface data rate is MVIP 2.048Mbit/s, 4.096Mbit/s and 8.192Mbit/s, the Receive Serial  
Clock, Receive Serial Data and Receive Single-frame Synchronization are all configured as inputs. The Re-  
ceive Multi-frame Synchronization signal is still output. The Receive Serial Clock is configured as an input tim-  
ing source for the High-speed Back-plane Interface with frequencies of 2.048 MHz, 4.096 MHz and 8.192 MHz  
respectively.  
The table below summaries the clock frequencies of RxSerClk_n input when the framer is operating in non-  
multiplexed High-speed Back-plane mode.  
RECEIVE MULTIPLEX ENABLE BIT = 0  
RECEIVE INTERFACE  
MODE SELECT BIT 1  
RECEIVE INTERFACE MODE  
SELECT BIT 0  
BACK-PLANE INTERFACE DATA RATE  
RXSERCLK  
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
XRT84V24 Compatible 2.048Mbit/s  
MVIP 2.048Mbit/s  
4.096Mbit/s  
2.048MHz  
2.048 MHz  
4.096 MHz  
8.192 MHz  
8.192Mbit/s  
When the Receive Multiplex Enable bit is set to one, the framer is configured in channel-multiplexed mode. The  
possible data rates are bit-multiplexed 16.384Mbit/s, HMVIP 16.384Mbit/s and H.100 16.384Mbit/s. In channel-  
multiplexed mode, four channels share the Receive Serial Data, Receive Single-frame Synchronization signal  
and Receive Serial Clock of one channel as interface between the framer and the Terminal Equipment. The  
Receive Serial Clock runs at frequencies of 12.352 MHz or 16.384 MHz. It serves as the primary clock source  
for the High-speed Back-plane Interface.  
Payload and signaling data of Channel 0-3 are multiplexed onto the Receive Serial Data pin of Channel 0. Pay-  
load and signaling data of Channel 4-7 are multiplexed onto the Receive Serial Data pin of Channel 4. The Re-  
302  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
ceive Single-frame Synchronization signal of Channel 0 pulses HIGH at the beginning of the frame with data  
from Channel 0-3 multiplexed together. The Receive Single-frame Synchronization signal of Channel 4 pulses  
HIGH at the beginning of the frame with data from Channel 4-7 multiplexed together.  
The table below summaries the clock frequencies of RxSerClk_n input when the framer is operating in multi-  
plexed High-speed Back-plane mode.  
RECEIVE MULTIPLEX ENABLE BIT = 1  
RECEIVE INTERFACE MODE  
SELECT BIT 1  
RECEIVE INTERFACE  
MODE SELECT BIT 0  
BACK-PLANE INTERFACE DATA RATE  
RXSERCLK  
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
-
-
Bit-multiplexed 16.384Mbit/s  
HMVIP 16.384Mbit/s  
H.100 16.384Mbit/s  
16.384 MHz  
16.384 MHz  
16.384 MHz  
When the frame is running at High-speed Back-plane Interface mode other than the 2.048Mbit/s data rate, the  
Receive Single-frame Synchronization signal could pulse HIGH or LOW indicating boundaries of E1 frames.  
The Receive Synchronization Pulse Low bit of the Receive Interface Control Register (TICR) determines  
whether the Receive Single-frame Synchronization signal is HIGH active or LOW active.  
The table below shows configurations of the Receive Synchronization Pulse LOW bit of the Receive Interface  
Control Register (RICR).  
RECEIVE INTERFACE CONTROL REGISTER (RICR)(INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X22H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
3
Receive Syn-  
chronization  
Pulse LOW  
R/W  
0 - The Receive Single-frame Synchronization signal will pulse HIGH indicating  
the beginning of an E1 frame when the High-speed Back-plane Interface is run-  
ning at a mode other than the 2.048Mbit/s.  
1 - The Receive Single-frame Synchronization signal will pulse LOW indicating  
the beginning of an E1 frame when the High-speed Back-plane Interface is run-  
ning at a mode other than the 2.048Mbit/s.  
Throughout the discussion of this datasheet, we assume that the Receive Single-frame Synchronization signal  
pulses HIGH unless stated otherwise.  
The following sections discuss details of how to operate the framer in different Back-plane interface speed  
mode and how to connect the Receive Payload Data Output Interface block to the local Terminal Equipment.  
6.2.3.1 E1 Receive Input Interface - MVIP 2.048 MHz  
When the Receive Multiplex Enable bit is set to zero and the Receive Interface Mode Select [1:0] bits are set to  
01, the Receive Back-plane interface of framer is running at a data rate of 2.048Mbit/s.  
The interface consists of the following pins:  
Data input (RxSer_n)  
Receive Serial Clock Input signal (RxSerClk_n)  
Receive Single-frame Synchronization Input signal (RxSync_n)  
Receive Input Clock (RxInClk_n)  
Receive Time-slot Indication clock (RxTSClk_n)  
Receive Time Slot indicator bits (RxTSb[4:0]_n)  
The Receive Back-plane interface is pumping out data through RxSer_n at an E1 equivalent data rate of  
2.048Mbit/s. The local Terminal Equipment supplies a free-running 2.048MHz clock to the Receive Serial Clock  
303  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
input. The Receive High-speed Back-plane Interface of the framer then sends out serial data at rising edge of  
the Receive Serial Clock. The local Terminal Equipment samples the serial data at falling edge of the clock.  
The Receive Single-frame Synchronization input signal (RxSync_n) should pulse HIGH at the beginning of the  
256-bit frame indicating start of the frame. By sampling the HIGH pulse of the Receive Single-frame Synchroni-  
zation signal, the framer can identity the beginning of an E1 frame and start pumping payload data out.  
See Figure 87 below for how to interface the local Terminal Equipment with the Receive Payload Data Output  
Interface block of the framer in MVIP 2.048Mbit/s mode.  
FIGURE 87. INTERFACING XRT84L38 TO LOCAL TERMINAL EQUIPMENT USING MVIP 2.048MBIT/S DATA BUS  
XRT84L38  
RxSerClk_0 (2.048MHz)  
Receive  
RxSer_0  
Payload  
RxMSync_0  
RxSync_0  
Data Input  
Interface  
Chn 0  
Terminal  
Equipment  
RxSerClk_7 (2.048MHz)  
RxSer_7  
Receive  
Payload  
Data Input  
Interface  
Chn 7  
RxMSync  
RxSync_7  
The timing diagram of input signals to the framer when running at MVIP 2.048Mbit/s mode is shown in  
Figure 88.  
FIGURE 88. TIMING DIAGRAM OF INPUT SIGNALS TO THE FRAMER WHEN RUNNING AT MVIP 2.048MBIT/S  
Timeslot 1  
Timeslot 2  
Timeslot 3  
Timeslot 4  
RxSerClk  
RxSerClk(INV)  
RxSer  
F
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8  
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8  
RxSync(input)  
RxSync(input)  
(MVIP)  
RxChn[0]/RxSig  
RxChn[2]/RxChn  
RxChClk(INV)  
A B C D  
A B C D  
A B C D  
A B C D  
c1 c2 c3 c4 c5  
c1 c2 c3 c4 c5  
c1 c2 c3 c4 c5  
c1 c2 c3 c4 c5  
RxChn[1]/FrRxD  
RxChClk  
(RxSyncFrTD=1)  
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8  
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8  
RxChClk  
(RxSyncFrTD=1)  
6.2.3.2 E1 Receive Input Interface - 4.096 MHz  
304  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
(This interface mode is the same as running at 2.048 MHz. The only difference is that the Receive Serial Clock  
runs two times faster at 4.096 MHz)  
When the Receive Multiplex Enable bit is set to zero and the Receive Interface Mode Select [1:0] bits are set to  
10, the Receive Back-plane interface of framer is running at a clock rate of 4.096MHz.  
The interface consists of the following pins:  
Data input (RxSer_n)  
Receive Serial Clock Input signal (RxSerClk_n)  
Receive Single-frame Synchronization Input signal (RxSync_n)  
Receive Input Clock (RxInClk_n)  
Receive Time-slot Indication clock (RxTSClk_n)  
Receive Time Slot indicator bits (RxTSb[4:0]_n)  
The Receive Back-plane interface is pumping out data through RxSer_n at an E1 equivalent data rate of  
2.048Mbit/s. The local Terminal Equipment supplies a free-running 4.096MHz clock to the Receive Serial Clock  
input. The Receive High-speed Back-plane Interface of the framer then sends out serial data at every other ris-  
ing edge of the Receive Serial Clock. The local Terminal Equipment samples the serial data at every other fall-  
ing edge of the clock.  
The Receive Single-frame Synchronization input signal (RxSync_n) should pulse HIGH at the beginning of the  
256-bit frame indicating start of the frame. By sampling the HIGH pulse of the Receive Single-frame Synchroni-  
zation signal, the framer can identity the beginning of an E1 frame and start pumping payload data out.  
See Figure 89 below for how to interface the local Terminal Equipment with the Receive Payload Data Output  
Interface block of the framer in 4.096Mbit/s mode.  
FIGURE 89. INTERFACING XRT84L38 TO LOCAL TERMINAL EQUIPMENT USING 4.096MBIT/S DATA BUS  
XRT84L38  
RxSerClk_0 (4.096MHz)  
Receive  
RxSer_0  
Payload  
RxMSync_0  
RxSync_0  
Data Input  
Interface  
Chn 0  
Terminal  
Equipment  
RxSerClk_7 (4.096MHz)  
RxSer_7  
Receive  
Payload  
Data Input  
Interface  
Chn 7  
RxMSync  
RxSync_7  
305  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
The timing diagram of input signals to the framer when running at 4.096Mbit/s mode is shown in Figure 90.  
FIGURE 90. TIMING DIAGRAM OF INPUT SIGNALS TO THE FRAMER WHEN RUNNING AT 4.096MBIT/S MODE  
TxSerClk (4MHz)  
TxSerClk (2MHz)  
TxSerClk (INV)  
TxSer  
F
Don't Care  
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8  
Don't care  
Don't Care  
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8  
TxSync(input)  
TxChn[0]/TxSig  
Don't Care  
Don't Care  
A B C D  
Don't Care  
A B C D  
Don't Care  
A B C D  
A B C D  
Note: The following signals are not aligned with the signals shown above. The TxChClk is derived from 1.544MHz transmit clock.  
TxChClk(INV)  
Don't Care  
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8  
Don't Care  
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8  
TxChn[1]/TxFrTD  
6.2.3.3 E1 Receive Input Interface - 8.192 MHz  
(This interface mode is the same as running at 2.048 MHz. The only difference is that the Receive Serial Clock  
runs four times faster at 8.192MHz)  
When the Receive Multiplex Enable bit is set to zero and the Receive Interface Mode Select [1:0] bits are set to  
11, the Receive Back-plane interface of framer is running at a clock rate of 8.192MHz.  
The interface consists of the following pins:  
Data input (RxSer_n)  
Receive Serial Clock Input signal (RxSerClk_n)  
Receive Single-frame Synchronization Input signal (RxSync_n)  
Receive Input Clock (RxInClk_n)  
Receive Time-slot Indication clock (RxTSClk_n)  
Receive Time Slot indicator bits (RxTSb[4:0]_n)  
The Receive Back-plane interface is pumping out data through RxSer_n at an E1 equivalent data rate of  
2.048Mbit/s. The local Terminal Equipment supplies a free-running 8.192MHz clock to the Receive Serial Clock  
input. The Receive High-speed Back-plane Interface of the framer then sends out serial data at every other  
four rising edge of the Receive Serial Clock. The local Terminal Equipment samples the serial data at every  
other four falling edge of the clock.  
The Receive Single-frame Synchronization input signal (RxSync_n) should pulse HIGH at the beginning of the  
256-bit frame indicating start of the frame. By sampling the HIGH pulse of the Receive Single-frame Synchroni-  
zation signal, the framer can identity the beginning of an E1 frame and start pumping payload data out.  
306  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
See Figure 91 below for how to interface the local Terminal Equipment with the Receive Payload Data Output  
Interface block of the framer in 8.192Mbit/s mode.  
FIGURE 91. INTERFACING XRT84L38 TO LOCAL TERMINAL EQUIPMENT USING 8.192MBIT/S DATA BUS  
XRT84L38  
RxSerClk_0 (8.192MHz)  
Receive  
RxSer_0  
Payload  
RxMSync_0  
RxSync_0  
Data Input  
Interface  
Chn 0  
Terminal  
Equipment  
RxSerClk_7 (8.192MHz)  
RxSer_7  
Receive  
Payload  
Data Input  
Interface  
Chn 7  
RxMSync_7  
RxSync_7  
The timing diagram of input signals to the framer when running at 8.192Mbit/s mode is shown in Figure 92.  
FIGURE 92. TIMING DIAGRAM OF INPUT SIGNALS TO THE FRAMER WHEN RUNNING AT 8.192MBIT/S MODE  
TxSerClk (8MHz)  
TxSerClk (2MHz)  
TxSerClk (INV)  
TxSer  
F
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8  
Don't Care  
Don't care  
Don't Care  
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8  
TxSync(input)  
TxChn[0]/TxSig  
Don't Care  
Don't Care  
A B C D  
Don't Care  
A B C D  
Don't Care  
A B C D  
A B C D  
Note: The following signals are not aligned with the signals shown above. The TxChClk is derived from 1.544MHz transmit clock.  
TxChClk(INV)  
Don't Care  
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8  
Don't Care  
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8  
TxChn[1]/TxFrTD  
6.2.3.4 E1 Receive Input Interface - Bit-Multiplexed 16.384Mbit/s  
When the Receive Multiplex Enable bit is set to one and the Receive Interface Mode Select [1:0] bits are set to  
01, the Receive Back-plane interface of framer is running at a clock rate of 16.384MHz.  
The interface consists of the following pins:  
Data input (RxSer_n)  
Receive Serial Clock Input signal (RxSerClk_n)  
Receive Single-frame Synchronization Input signal (RxSync_n)  
307  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
Receive Input Clock (RxInClk_n)  
Receive Time-slot Indication clock (RxTSClk_n)  
Receive Time Slot indicator bits (RxTSb[4:0]_n)  
The Receive Back-plane Interface is pumping out data through RxSer_0 or RxSer_4 pins at 16.384Mbit/s. It  
multiplexes payload and signaling data of every four channels into one data stream. Payload and signaling data  
of Channel 0-3 are multiplexed onto the Receive Serial Data pin of Channel 0. Payload and signaling data of  
Channel 4-7 are multiplexed onto the Receive Serial Data pin of Channel 4.  
Free-running clocks of 16.384MHz are supplied to the Receive Serial Clock pin of Channel 0 and Channel 4 of  
the framer. The Receive High-speed Back-plane Interface of the farmer provides data at rising edge of this Re-  
ceive Serial Clock. The local Terminal Equipment then latches incoming serial data at falling edge of the clock.  
The Receive High-speed Back-plane Interface maps four 2.048Mbit/s E1 data streams into this 16.384Mbit/s  
data stream as described below:  
1. Payload data of four channels are repeated and grouped together in a bit-interleaved way. The first payload  
bit of Timeslot 0 of Channel 0 is sent first, followed by the first payload bit of Timeslot 0 of Channel 1 and 2.  
The first payload bit of Timeslot 0 of Channel 3 is sent last.  
After the first bits of Timeslot 0 of all four channels are sent, it comes the second bit of Timeslot 0 of Chan-  
nel 0 and so on. The table below demonstrates how payload bits of four channels are mapped into the  
16.384Mbit/s data stream.  
FIRST OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
10  
10  
11  
11  
12  
12  
13  
13  
SECOND OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
20  
20  
21  
21  
22  
22  
23  
23  
XY: The Xth payload bit of Channel Y  
2. The Receive High-speed Back-plane Interface also multiplexed signaling bits with payload bits and sent  
them together through the 16.384Mbit/s data stream.  
When the Receive High-speed Back-plane Interface is sending the fifth payload bit of a particular channel,  
instead of sending it twice, it inserts the signaling bit A of that particular channel. Similarly, the sixth pay-  
load bit of a particular channels is followed by the signaling bit B of that channel; the seventh payload bit is  
followed by the signaling bit C; the eighth payload bit is followed by the signaling bit D.  
The following table illustrates how payload bits and signaling bits are multiplexed together into the  
16.384Mbit/s data stream.  
FIFTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
50  
A0  
51  
A1  
52  
A2  
53  
A3  
308  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
SIXTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
60  
B0  
61  
B1  
62  
B2  
63  
B3  
SEVENTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
70  
C0  
71  
C1  
72  
C2  
73  
C3  
EIGHTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
80  
D0  
81  
D1  
82  
D2  
83  
D3  
XY: The Xth payload bit of Channel Y  
AY: The signaling bit A of Channel Y  
3. After the first octets of all four channels are sent, the Receive High-speed Back-plane Interface will start  
sending the second octets following the same rules of Step 1 and 2.  
The Receive Single-frame Synchronization signal of Channel 0 pulses HIGH for one clock cycle at the first bit  
position of the data stream with data from Channel 0-3 multiplexed together. The Receive Single-frame Syn-  
chronization signal of Channel 4 pulses HIGH for one clock cycle at the first bit position of the data stream with  
data from Channel 4-7 multiplexed together. By sampling the HIGH pulse of the Receive Single-frame Syn-  
chronization signal, the Receive High-speed Back-plane Interface of the framer can identify the beginning of a  
multiplexed frame and can start sending payload data of that frame.  
309  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
See Figure 93 below for how to interface the local Terminal Equipment with the Receive Payload Data Output  
Interface block of the framer in Bit-multiplexed 16.384Mbit/s mode.  
FIGURE 93. INTERFACING XRT84L38 TO LOCAL TERMINAL EQUIPMENT USING 16.384 MBIT/S DATA BUS  
XRT84L38  
RxSerClk_0 (16.384MHz)  
Receive  
RxSer_0  
Payload  
RxMSync_0  
RxSync_0  
Data Input  
Interface  
Chn 0-3  
Terminal  
Equipment  
RxSerClk_4 (16.384MHz)  
RxSer_4  
Receive  
Payload  
Data Input  
Interface  
Chn 4  
RxMSync_4  
RxSync_4  
The Input signal timing is shown in Figure 94 below when the framer is running at Bit-Multiplexed 16.384Mbit/s  
mode.  
FIGURE 94. TIMING SIGNAL WHEN THE FRAMER IS RUNNING AT BIT-MULTIPLEXED 16.384MBIT/S MODE  
RxSerClk (16.384MHz)  
RxSerClk (INV)  
56 cycles  
RxSer  
F0 F0 F1 F1 F2 F2 F3 F3  
10 X 11 X 12 X 13 X 20 X 21  
X
30  
X
40  
X
50 A0 51 A1 52 A2 53 A3  
RxSync(input)  
6.2.3.5 E1 Receive Input Interface - HMVIP 16.384Mbit/s  
When the Receive Multiplex Enable bit is set to one and the Receive Interface Mode Select [1:0] bits are set to  
10, the Receive Back-plane interface of framer is running at a clock rate of 16.384MHz.  
The interface consists of the following pins:  
Data input (RxSer_n)  
Receive Serial Clock Input signal (RxSerClk_n)  
Receive Single-frame Synchronization Input signal (RxSync_n)  
Receive Input Clock (RxInClk_n)  
Receive Time-slot Indication clock (RxTSClk_n)  
Receive Time Slot indicator bits (RxTSb[4:0]_n)  
The Receive Back-plane Interface is pumping out data through RxSer_0 or RxSer_4 pins at 16.384Mbit/s. The  
Receive High-speed Back-plane Interface multiplexes payload and signaling data of every four channels into  
one data stream. Payload and signaling data of Channel 0-3 are multiplexed onto the Receive Serial Data pin  
310  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
of Channel 0. Payload and signaling data of Channel 4-7 are multiplexed onto the Receive Serial Data pin of  
Channel 4.  
Free-running clocks of 16.384MHz are supplied to the Receive Serial Clock pin of Channel 0 and Channel 4 of  
the framer. The Receive High-speed Back-plane Interface of the farmer provides data at rising edge of this Re-  
ceive Serial Clock. The local Terminal Equipment then latches incoming serial data at falling edge of the clock.  
The Receive High-speed Back-plane Interface maps four 2.048Mbit/s E1 data streams into this 16.384Mbit/s  
data stream as described below:  
1. Payload data of four channels are repeated and grouped together in a byte-interleaved way. The first pay-  
load bit of Timeslot 0 of Channel 0 is sent first, followed by the second payload bit of Timeslot 0 of Channel  
0 and so on. After all the bits of Timeslot 0 of Channel 0 is sent repeatedly, the Terminal Equipment will  
start sending the payload bits of Timeslot 0 of Channel 1 and 2. The payload bits of Timeslot 0 of Channel  
3 are sent the last.  
After the payload bits of Timeslot 0 of all four channels are sent, it comes the payload bits of Timeslot 1 of  
Channel 0 and so on. The table below demonstrates how payload bits of four channels are mapped into  
the 16.384Mbit/s data stream.  
FIRST OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
10  
10  
20  
20  
30  
30  
40  
40  
THIRD OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
11  
11  
21  
21  
31  
31  
41  
41  
FIFTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
12  
12  
22  
22  
32  
32  
42  
42  
SEVENTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
13  
13  
23  
23  
33  
33  
43  
43  
XY: The Xth payload bit of Channel Y  
2. The Receive High-speed Back-plane Interface also multiplexed signaling bits with payload bits and sent  
them together through the 16.384Mbit/s data stream.  
When the Receive High-speed Back-plane Interface is sending the fifth payload bit of a particular channel,  
instead of sending it twice, it inserts the signaling bit A of that particular channel. Similarly, the sixth pay-  
load bit of a particular channels is followed by the signaling bit B of that channel; the seventh payload bit is  
followed by the signaling bit C; the eighth payload bit is followed by the signaling bit D.  
311  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
The following table illustrates how payload bits and signaling bits are multiplexed together into the  
16.384Mbit/s data stream.  
SECOND OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
50  
A0  
60  
B0  
70  
C0  
80  
D0  
FOURTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
51  
A1  
61  
B1  
71  
C1  
81  
D1  
SIXTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
52  
A2  
62  
B2  
72  
C2  
82  
D2  
EIGHTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
53  
A3  
63  
B3  
73  
C3  
83  
D3  
XY: The Xth payload bit of Channel Y  
AY: The signaling bit A of Channel Y  
3. After the first octets of all four channels are sent, the Receive High-speed Back-plane Interface will start  
sending the second octets following the same rules of Step 1 and 2.  
The Receive Single-frame Synchronization signal should pulse HIGH for four clock cycles (the last two bit posi-  
tions of the previous multiplexed frame and the first two bits of the next multiplexed frame) indicating frame  
boundary of the multiplexed data stream. The Receive Single-frame Synchronization signal of Channel 0 puls-  
es HIGH to identify the start of multiplexed data stream of Channel 0-3. The Receive Single-frame Synchroni-  
zation signal of Channel 0 pulses HIGH to identify the start of multiplexed data stream of Channel 0-3. By sam-  
pling the HIGH pulse of the Receive Single-frame Synchronization signal, the Receive High-speed Back-plane  
Interface of the framer can identify the beginning of a multiplexed frame and can start sending payload data of  
that frame.  
312  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
See Figure 95 below for how to interface the local Terminal Equipment with the Receive Payload Data Output  
Interface block of the framer in HMVIP 16.384Mbit/s mode.  
FIGURE 95. INTERFACING XRT84L38 TO LOCAL TERMINAL EQUIPMENT USING 16.384MBIT/S DATA BUS  
XRT84L38  
RxSerClk_0 (16.384MHz)  
Receive  
RxSer_0  
Payload  
RxMSync_0  
RxSync_0  
Data Input  
Interface  
Chn 0-3  
Terminal  
Equipment  
RxSerClk_4 (16.384MHz)  
RxSer_4  
Receive  
Payload  
Data Input  
Interface  
Chn 4  
RxMSync_4  
RxSync_4  
The Input signal timing is shown in Figure 96 below when the framer is running at HMVIP 16.384Mbit/s mode.  
FIGURE 96. TIMING SIGNAL WHEN THE FRAMER IS RUNNING AT HMVIP 16.384MBIT/S MODE  
RxSerClk (16.384MHz)  
RxSerClk (INV)  
56 cycles  
56 cycles  
RxSer  
RxSig  
73 73 83 83 F0 F0 F1 F1 F2 F2 F3 F3  
Start of Frame  
10 10 20 20 30 30 40 40 50 A0 60 B0  
Xy : X is the bit number and y is the channel number  
0 0 0 0 0 0 A0A0B0B0C0C0 0 0 A2A2  
12 12  
52 52  
53 53 63 63 73 73 83 83  
A3A3B3B3C3C3D3D3  
C3C3D3D3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  
RxSync(input)  
HMVIP, negative sync  
RxSync(input)  
HMVIP, positive sync  
6.2.3.6 E1 Receive Input Interface - H.100 16.384Mbit/s  
When the Receive Multiplex Enable bit is set to one and the Receive Interface Mode Select [1:0] bits are set to  
11, the Receive Back-plane interface of framer is running at H.100 16.384Mbit/s mode.  
(The HMVIP mode and the H.100 mode are essential the same except for the HIGH pulse position of the Re-  
ceive Single-frame Synchronization Signal)  
The interface consists of the following pins:  
Data input (RxSer_n)  
Receive Serial Clock Input signal (RxSerClk_n)  
Receive Single-frame Synchronization Input signal (RxSync_n)  
Receive Input Clock (RxInClk_n)  
Receive Time-slot Indication clock (RxTSClk_n)  
Receive Time Slot indicator bits (RxTSb[4:0]_n)  
313  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
The Receive Back-plane Interface is pumping out data through RxSer_0 or RxSer_4 pins at 16.384Mbit/s. The  
Receive High-speed Back-plane Interface multiplexes payload and signaling data of every four channels into  
one data stream. Payload and signaling data of Channel 0-3 are multiplexed onto the Receive Serial Data pin  
of Channel 0. Payload and signaling data of Channel 4-7 are multiplexed onto the Receive Serial Data pin of  
Channel 4.  
Free-running clocks of 16.384MHz are supplied to the Receive Serial Clock pin of Channel 0 and Channel 4 of  
the framer. The Receive High-speed Back-plane Interface of the farmer provides data at rising edge of this Re-  
ceive Serial Clock. The local Terminal Equipment then latches incoming serial data at falling edge of the clock.  
The Receive High-speed Back-plane Interface maps four 2.048Mbit/s E1 data streams into this 16.384Mbit/s  
data stream as described below:  
1. Payload data of four channels are repeated and grouped together in a byte-interleaved way. The first pay-  
load bit of Timeslot 0 of Channel 0 is sent first, followed by the second payload bit of Timeslot 0 of Channel  
0 and so on. After all the bits of Timeslot 0 of Channel 0 is sent repeatedly, the Receive High-speed Back-  
plane Interface will start sending the payload bits of Timeslot 0 of Channel 1 and 2. The payload bits of  
Timeslot 0 of Channel 3 are sent the last.  
After the payload bits of Timeslot 0 of all four channels are sent, it comes the payload bits of Timeslot 1 of  
Channel 0 and so on. The table below demonstrates how payload bits of four channels are mapped into  
the 16.384Mbit/s data stream.  
FIRST OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
10  
10  
20  
20  
30  
30  
40  
40  
THIRD OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
11  
11  
21  
21  
31  
31  
41  
41  
FIFTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
12  
12  
22  
22  
32  
32  
42  
42  
SEVENTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
13  
13  
23  
23  
33  
33  
43  
43  
XY: The Xth payload bit of Channel Y  
2. The Receive High-speed Back-plane Interface also multiplexed signaling bits with payload bits and sent  
them together through the 16.384Mbit/s data stream.  
314  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
When the Receive High-speed Back-plane Interface is sending the fifth payload bit of a particular channel,  
instead of sending it twice, it inserts the signaling bit A of that particular channel. Similarly, the sixth pay-  
load bit of a particular channels is followed by the signaling bit B of that channel; the seventh payload bit is  
followed by the signaling bit C; the eighth payload bit is followed by the signaling bit D.  
The following table illustrates how payload bits and signaling bits are multiplexed together into the  
16.384Mbit/s data stream.  
SECOND OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
50  
A0  
60  
B0  
70  
C0  
80  
D0  
FOURTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
51  
A1  
61  
B1  
71  
C1  
81  
D1  
SIXTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
52  
A2  
62  
B2  
72  
C2  
82  
D2  
EIGHTH OCTET OF 16.384MBIT/S DATA STREAM  
BIT 0  
BIT 1  
BIT 2  
BIT 3  
BIT 4  
BIT 5  
BIT 6  
BIT 7  
53  
A3  
63  
B3  
73  
C3  
83  
D3  
XY: The Xth payload bit of Channel Y  
AY: The signaling bit A of Channel Y  
3. After the first octets of all four channels are sent, the Receive High-speed Back-plane Interface will start  
sending the second octets following the same rules of Step 1 and 2.  
The Receive Single-frame Synchronization signal should pulse HIGH for two clock cycles (the last bit position  
of the previous multiplexed frame and the first bit position of the next multiplexed frame) indicating frame  
boundary of the multiplexed data stream. The Receive Single-frame Synchronization signal of Channel 0 puls-  
es HIGH to identify the start of multiplexed data stream of Channel 0-3. The Receive Single-frame Synchroni-  
zation signal of Channel 0 pulses HIGH to identify the start of multiplexed data stream of Channel 0-3. By sam-  
pling the HIGH pulse of the Receive Single-frame Synchronization signal, the Receive High-speed Back-plane  
Interface of the framer can identify the beginning of a multiplexed frame and can start sending payload data of  
that frame.  
315  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
See Figure 97 below for how to interface the local Terminal Equipment with the Receive Payload Data Output  
Interface block of the framer in HMVIP 16.384Mbit/s mode.  
FIGURE 97. INTERFACING XRT84L38 TO LOCAL TERMINAL EQUIPMENT USING 16.384MBIT/S DATA BUS  
XRT84L38  
RxSerClk_0 (16.384MHz)  
Receive  
RxSer_0  
Payload  
RxMSync_0  
RxSync_0  
Data Input  
Interface  
Chn 0-3  
Terminal  
Equipment  
RxSerClk_4 (16.384MHz)  
RxSer_4  
Receive  
Payload  
Data Input  
Interface  
Chn 4  
RxMSync_4  
RxSync_4  
The Input signal timing is shown in Figure 98 below when the framer is running at H.100 16.384Mbit/s mode.  
FIGURE 98. TIMING SIGNAL WHEN THE FRAMER IS RUNNING AT H.100 16.384MBIT/S MODE  
RxSerClk (16.384MHz)  
RxSerClk (INV)  
56 cycles  
56 cycles  
RxSer  
RxSig  
73 73 83 83 F0 F0 F1 F1 F2 F2 F3 F3  
Start of Frame  
10 10 20 20 30 30 40 40 50 A0 60 B0  
12 12  
52 52  
53 53 63 63 73 73 83 83  
A3A3B3B3C3C3D3D3  
Xy : X is the bit number and y is the channel number  
C3C3D3D3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  
0 0 0 0 0 0 A0A0B0B0C0C0  
0 0  
A2A2  
RxSync(input)  
H.100, negative sync  
RxSync(input)  
H.100, positive sync  
Delayer H.100  
RxSync(input)  
H.100, negative sync  
RxSync(input)  
H.100, positive sync  
316  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
7.0 DS1 OVERHEAD INTERFACE BLOCK  
The XRT84L38 has the ability to extract or insert DS1 data link information from or into the following:  
Facility Data Link (FDL) bits in ESF framing format mode  
Signaling Framing (Fs) bits in SLC®96 and N framing format mode  
Remote Signaling (R) bits in T1DM framing format mode  
The source and destination of these inserted and extracted data link bits would be from either the internal  
HDLC Controller or the external device accessible through DS1 Overhead Interface Block. The operation of the  
Transmit Overhead Input Interface Block and the Receive Overhead Output Interface Block will be discussed  
separately.  
7.1 DS1 TRANSMIT OVERHEAD INPUT INTERFACE BLOCK  
7.1.1 Description of the DS1 Transmit Overhead Input Interface Block  
The DS1 Transmit Overhead Input Interface Block will allow an external device to be the provider of the Facility  
Data Link (FDL) bits in ESF framing format mode, Signaling Framing (Fs) bits in the SLC96 and N framing for-  
mat mode and Remote Signaling (R) bit in T1DM framing format mode. This interface provides interface sig-  
nals and required interface timing to shift in proper data link information at proper time.  
The Transmit Overhead Input Interface for a given Framer consists of two signals.  
TxOHClk_n: The Transmit Overhead Input Interface Clock Output signal  
TxOH_n: The Transmit Overhead Input Interface Input signal.  
The Transmit Overhead Input Interface Clock Output pin (TxOHCLK_n) generates a rising clock edge for each  
data link bit position according to configuration of the framer. The Data Link equipment interfaced to the Trans-  
mit Overhead Input Interface block should update the data link bits on the TxOH_n line upon detection of the  
rising edge of TxOHClk_n. The Transmit Overhead Input Interface block will sample and latch the data link bits  
on the TxOH_n line on the falling edge of TxOHClk_n. The data link bits will be included and transmitted via the  
outgoing DS1 frames.  
The figure below shows block diagram of the DS1 Transmit Overhead Input Interface of XRT84L38.  
FIGURE 99. BLOCK DIAGRAM OF THE DS1 TRANSMIT OVERHEAD INPUT INTERFACE OF THE XRT84L38  
TxOH_n  
Transmit  
Overhead Input  
Interface  
To Transmit  
Framer Block  
TxOHClk_n  
7.1.2 Configure the DS1 Transmit Overhead Input Interface module as source of the Facility Data  
Link (FDL) bits in ESF framing format mode  
The FDL bits in ESF framing format mode can be inserted from:  
DS1 Transmit Overhead Input Interface Block  
DS1 Transmit HDLC Controller  
DS1 Transmit Serial Input Interface.  
317  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
The Transmit Data Link Source Select bits of the Transmit Data Link Select Register (TDLSR) controls the in-  
sertion of data link bits into the FDL bits in ESF framing format mode. The table below shows configuration of  
the Transmit Data Link Source Select bits of the Transmit Data Link Select Register (TDLSR).  
TRANSMIT DATA LINK SELECT REGISTER (TDLSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X0AH)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
1-0  
Transmit Data Link  
Source Select  
R/W  
00 - The Facility Data Link bits are inserted into the framer through either  
the LAPD controller or the SLCâ96 buffer.  
01 - The Facility Data Link bits are inserted into the framer through the  
Transmit Serial Data input Interface via the TxSer_n pins.  
10 - The Facility Data Link bits are inserted into the framer through the  
Transmit Overhead Input Interface via the TxOH_n pins.  
11 - The Facility Data Link bits are forced to one by the framer.  
If the Transmit Data Link Source Select bits of the Transmit Data Link Select Register are set to 10, the Trans-  
mit Overhead Input Interface Block becomes input source of the FDL bits.  
The XRT84L38 allows the user to select bandwidth of the Facility Data Link Channel in ESF framing format  
mode. The FDL can be either a 4KHz or 2KHz data link channel. The Transmit Data Link Bandwidth Select bits  
of the Transmit Data Link Select Register (TDLSR) determine the bandwidth of FDL channel in ESF framing  
format mode.  
The table below shows configuration of the Transmit Data Link Bandwidth Select bits of the Transmit Data Link  
Select Register (TDLSR).)  
TRANSMIT DATA LINK SELECT REGISTER (TDLSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X0AH)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
5-4  
Transmit Data Link  
Bandwidth Select  
R/W  
00 - The Facility Data Link is a 4KHz channel. All available FDL bits (first  
bit of every other frame) are used as data link bits.  
01 - The Facility Data Link is a 2KHz channel. Only the odd FDL bits (first  
bit of frame 1, 5, 9…) are used as data link bits.  
10 - The Facility Data Link is a 2KHz channel. Only the even FDL bits (first  
bit of frame 3, 7, 11…) are used as data link bits.  
Figure 100 below shows the timing diagram of the input and output signals associated with the DS1 Transmit  
Overhead Input Interface module in ESF framing format mode.  
318  
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OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
FIGURE 100. DS1 TRANSMIT OVERHEAD INPUT INTERFACE TIMING IN ESF FRAMING FORMAT MODE  
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20  
Frame #  
TxSync  
TxOhClk (4kHz)  
TxOh (4kHz)  
TxOhClk (2kHz, odd)  
TxOh (2kHz, odd)  
TxOhClk (2kHz, even)  
TxOh (2kHz, even)  
7.1.3 Configure the DS1 Transmit Overhead Input Interface module as source of the Signaling Fram-  
ing (Fs) bits in N or SLC®96 framing format mode  
The Fs bits in SLC®96 and N framing format mode can be inserted from:  
DS1 Transmit Overhead Input Interface Block  
DS1 Transmit HDLC Controller  
DS1 Transmit Serial Input Interface.  
The Transmit Data Link Source Select bits of the Transmit Data Link Select Register (TDLSR) controls the in-  
sertion of data link bits into the Fs bits in N or SLC®96 framing format mode. The table below shows configura-  
tion of the Transmit Data Link Source Select bits of the Transmit Data Link Select Register (TDLSR).  
TRANSMIT DATA LINK SELECT REGISTER (TDLSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X0AH)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
1-0  
Transmit Data Link  
Source Select  
R/W  
00 - The Signaling Framing bits are inserted into the framer through either  
the LAPD controller or the SLCâ96 buffer.  
01 - The Signaling Framing bits are inserted into the framer through the  
Transmit Serial Data input Interface via the TxSer_n pins.  
10 - The Signaling Framing bits are inserted into the framer through the  
Transmit Overhead Input Interface via the TxOH_n pins.  
11 - The Signaling Framing bits are forced to one by the framer.  
If the Transmit Data Link Source Select bits of the Transmit Data Link Select Register are set to 10, the Trans-  
mit Overhead Input Interface Block becomes input source of the Fs bits.  
319  
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XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
Figure 101 below shows the timing diagram of the input and output signals associated with the DS1 Transmit  
Overhead Input Interface module in N or SLC®96 framing format mode.  
FIGURE 101. DS1 TRANSMIT OVERHEAD INPUT TIMING IN N OR SLC®96 FRAMING FORMAT MODE  
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20  
Frame #  
TxSync  
TxOhClk (4kHz)  
TxOh (4kHz)  
7.1.4 Configure the DS1 Transmit Overhead Input Interface module as source of the Remote Signal-  
ing (R) bits in T1DM framing format mode  
The R bits in T1DM framing format mode can be inserted from:  
DS1 Transmit Overhead Input Interface Block  
DS1 Transmit HDLC Controller  
DS1 Transmit Serial Input Interface.  
The Transmit Data Link Source Select bits of the Transmit Data Link Select Register (TDLSR) controls the in-  
sertion of data link bits into the R bits in T1DM framing format mode. The table below shows configuration of  
the Transmit Data Link Source Select bits of the Transmit Data Link Select Register (TDLSR).  
TRANSMIT DATA LINK SELECT REGISTER (TDLSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X0AH)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
1-0  
Transmit Data Link  
Source Select  
R/W  
00 - The Remote Signaling bits are inserted into the framer through either  
the LAPD controller or the SLCâ96 buffer.  
01 - The Remote Signaling bits are inserted into the framer through the  
Transmit Serial Data input Interface via the TxSer_n pins.  
10 - The Remote Signaling bits are inserted into the framer through the  
Transmit Overhead Input Interface via the TxOH_n pins.  
11 - The Remote Signaling bits are forced to one by the framer.  
If the Transmit Data Link Source Select bits of the Transmit Data Link Select Register are set to 10, the Trans-  
mit Overhead Input Interface Block becomes input source of the R bits. Since R bit presents in Timeslot 24 of  
every T1DM frame, therefore, bandwidth of T1DM data link channel is 8KHz.  
Figure 102 below shows the timing diagram of the input and output signals associated with the DS1 Transmit  
Overhead Input Interface module in T1DM framing format mode.  
FIGURE 102. DS1 TRANSMIT OVERHEAD INPUT INTERFACE MODULE IN T1DM FRAMING FORMAT MODE  
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20  
Frame #  
TxSync  
TxOhClk (T1DM)  
320  
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OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
7.2 DS1 RECEIVE OVERHEAD OUTPUT INTERFACE BLOCK  
7.2.1 Description of the DS1 Receive Overhead Output Interface Block  
The DS1 Receive Overhead Output Interface Block allows an external device to be the consumer of the Facility  
Data Link (FDL) bits in ESF framing format mode, Signaling Framing (Fs) bits in the SLC96 and N framing for-  
mat mode and Remote Signaling (R) bit in T1DM framing format mode This interface provides interface signals  
and required interface timing to shift out proper data link information at proper time.  
The Receive Overhead Output Interface for a given Framer consists of two signals.  
RxOHClk_n: The Receive Overhead Output Interface Clock Output signal  
RxOH_n: The Receive Overhead Output Interface Output signal.  
The Receive Overhead Output Interface Clock Output pin (RxOHCLK_n) generates a rising clock edge for  
each data link bit position according to configuration of the framer. The data link bits extracted from the incom-  
ing T1 frames are outputted from the Receive Overhead Output Interface Output pin (RxOH_n) at the rising  
edge of RxOHClk_n. The Data Link equipment should sample and latch the data link bits at the falling edge of  
RxOHClk_n.  
The figure below shows block diagram of the Receive Overhead Output Interface of XRT84L38.  
FIGURE 103. BLOCK DIAGRAM OF THE DS1 RECEIVE OVERHEAD OUTPUT INTERFACE OF XRT84L38  
RxOH_n  
Receive  
Overhead Output  
Interface  
From Receive  
Framer Block  
RxOHClk_n  
7.2.2 Configure the DS1 Receive Overhead Output Interface module as destination of the Facility  
Data Link (FDL) bits in ESF framing format mode  
The FDL bits in ESF framing format mode can be extracted to:  
DS1 Receive Overhead Output Interface Block  
DS1 Receive HDLC Controller  
DS1 Receive Serial Output Interface.  
The Receive Data Link Source Select bits of the Receive Data Link Select Register (RDLSR) controls the ex-  
traction of FDL bits in ESF framing format mode. The table below shows configuration of the Receive Data Link  
Source Select bits of the Receive Data Link Select Register (RDLSR).  
321  
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OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
RECEIVE DATA LINK SELECT REGISTER (TDLSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X0AH)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
1-0  
Receive Data Link  
Destination Select  
R/W  
00 - The extracted Facility Data Link bits are stored in either the LAPD con-  
troller or the SLCâ96 buffer. At the same time, the extracted Facility Data  
Link bits are outputted from the framer through the Receive Serial Data  
Output Interface via the RxSer_n pins.  
01 - The extracted Facility Data Link bits are outputted from the framer  
through the Receive Serial Data Output Interface via the RxSer_n pins.  
10 - The extracted Facility Data Link bits are outputted from the framer  
through the Receive Overhead Output Interface via the RxOH_n pins. At  
the same time, the extracted Facility Data Link bits are outputted from the  
framer through the Receive Serial Data Output Interface via the RxSer_n  
pins.  
11 - The Facility Data Link bits are forced to one by the framer.  
If the Receive Data Link Source Select bits of the Receive Data Link Select Register are set to 10, the Receive  
Overhead Output Interface Block becomes Output source of the FDL bits.  
The XRT84L38 allows the user to select bandwidth of the Facility Data Link Channel in ESF framing format  
mode. The FDL can be either a 4KHz or 2KHz data link channel. The Receive Data Link Bandwidth Select bits  
of the Receive Data Link Select Register (RDLSR) determine the bandwidth of FDL channel in ESF framing  
format mode.  
The table below shows configuration of the Receive Data Link Bandwidth Select bits of the Receive Data Link  
Select Register (TDLSR).  
RECEIVE DATA LINK SELECT REGISTER (TDLSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X0AH)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
5-4  
Receive Data Link  
Bandwidth Select  
R/W  
00 - The Facility Data Link is a 4KHz channel. All available FDL bits (first  
bit of every other frame) are used as data link bits.  
01 - The Facility Data Link is a 2KHz channel. Only the odd FDL bits (first  
bit of frame 1, 5, 9…) are used as data link bits.  
10 - The Facility Data Link is a 2KHz channel. Only the even FDL bits (first  
bit of frame 3, 7, 11…) are used as data link bits.  
Figure 104 below shows the timing diagram of the Output and output signals associated with the DS1 Receive  
Overhead Output Interface module in ESF framing format mode.  
322  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
FIGURE 104. DS1 RECEIVE OVERHEAD OUTPUT INTERFACE MODULE IN ESF FRAMING FORMAT MODE  
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20  
Frame #  
RxSync  
RxOhClk (4kHz)  
RxOh (4kHz)  
RxOhClk (2kHz, odd)  
RxOh (2kHz, odd)  
RxOhClk (2kHz, even)  
RxOh (2kHz, even)  
7.2.3 Configure the DS1 Receive Overhead Output Interface module as destination of the Signaling  
Framing (Fs) bits in N or SLC®96 framing format mode  
The Fs bits in SLC®96 and N framing format mode can be extracted to:  
DS1 Receive Overhead Output Interface Block  
DS1 Receive HDLC Controller  
DS1 Receive Serial Output Interface.  
The Receive Data Link Source Select bits of the Receive Data Link Select Register (RDLSR) controls the des-  
tination of Fs bits in N or SLC®96 framing format mode. The table below shows configuration of the Receive  
Data Link Source Select bits of the Receive Data Link Select Register (RDLSR).  
RECEIVE DATA LINK SELECT REGISTER (TDLSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X0AH)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
1-0  
Receive Data Link  
Source Select  
R/W  
00 - The extracted Facility Data Link bits are stored in either the LAPD con-  
troller or the SLCâ96 buffer. At the same time, the extracted Facility Data  
Link bits are outputted from the framer through the Receive Serial Data  
Output Interface via the RxSer_n pins.  
01 - The extracted Facility Data Link bits are outputted from the framer  
through the Receive Serial Data Output Interface via the RxSer_n pins.  
10 - The extracted Facility Data Link bits are outputted from the framer  
through the Receive Overhead Output Interface via the RxOH_n pins. At  
the same time, the extracted Facility Data Link bits are outputted from the  
framer through the Receive Serial Data Output Interface via the RxSer_n  
pins.  
11 - The Facility Data Link bits are forced to one by the framer.  
If the Receive Data Link Source Select bits of the Receive Data Link Select Register are set to 10, the Receive  
Overhead Output Interface Block outputs Fs bits extracted from the incoming T1 data stream.  
323  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
Figure 105 below shows the timing diagram of the output signals associated with the DS1 Receive Overhead  
Output Interface module in N or SLC®96 framing format mode.  
FIGURE 105. DS1 RECEIVE OVERHEAD OUTPUT INTERFACE TIMING IN N OR SLC®96 FRAMING FORMAT MODE  
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20  
Frame #  
RxSync  
RxOhClk (4kHz)  
RxOh (4kHz)  
7.2.4 Configure the DS1 Receive Overhead Output Interface module as destination of the Remote  
Signaling (R) bits in T1DM framing format mode  
The R bits in T1DM framing format mode can be extracted to:  
DS1 Receive Overhead Output Interface Block  
DS1 Receive HDLC Controller  
DS1 Receive Serial Output Interface.  
The Receive Data Link Source Select bits of the Receive Data Link Select Register (RDLSR) controls the des-  
tination of R bits in T1DM framing format mode. The table below shows configuration of the Receive Data Link  
Source Select bits of the Receive Data Link Select Register (RDLSR).  
RECEIVE DATA LINK SELECT REGISTER (RDLSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X0AH)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
1-0  
Receive Data Link  
Source Select  
R/W  
00 - The extracted Facility Data Link bits are stored in either the LAPD con-  
troller or the SLC®96 buffer. At the same time, the extracted Facility Data  
Link bits are outputted from the framer through the Receive Serial Data  
Output Interface via the RxSer_n pins.  
01 - The extracted Facility Data Link bits are outputted from the framer  
through the Receive Serial Data Output Interface via the RxSer_n pins.  
10 - The extracted Facility Data Link bits are outputted from the framer  
through the Receive Overhead Output Interface via the RxOH_n pins. At  
the same time, the extracted Facility Data Link bits are outputted from the  
framer through the Receive Serial Data Output Interface via the RxSer_n  
pins.  
11 - The Facility Data Link bits are forced to one by the framer.  
If the Receive Data Link Source Select bits of the Receive Data Link Select Register are set to 10, the Receive  
Overhead Output Interface Block outputs the R bits extracted from the incoming T1 data stream. Since R bit  
presents in Timeslot 24 of every T1DM frame, therefore, bandwidth of T1DM data link channel is 8KHz.  
324  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
Figure 106 below shows the timing diagram of the output signals associated with the DS1 Receive Overhead  
Output Interface module in T1DM framing format mode.  
FIGURE 106. DS1 RECEIVE OVERHEAD OUTPUT INTERFACE TIMING IN T1DM FRAMING FORMAT MODE  
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20  
Frame #  
RxSync  
RxOhClk (4kHz)  
RxOh (4kHz)  
RxOhClk (2kHz, odd)  
RxOh (2kHz, odd)  
RxOhClk (2kHz, even)  
RxOh (2kHz, even)  
325  
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XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
8.0 E1 OVERHEAD INTERFACE BLOCK  
The XRT84L38 has the ability to extract or insert E1 data link information from or into the E1 National bit se-  
quence. The source and destination of these inserted and extracted data link bits would be from either the in-  
ternal HDLC Controller or the external device accessible through E1 Overhead Interface Block. The operation  
of the Transmit Overhead Input Interface Block and the Receive Overhead Output Interface Block will be dis-  
cussed separately.  
8.1 E1 TRANSMIT OVERHEAD INPUT INTERFACE BLOCK  
8.1.1 Description of the E1 Transmit Overhead Input Interface Block  
The E1 Transmit Overhead Input Interface Block will allow an external device to be the provider of the E1 Na-  
tional bit sequence. This interface provides interface signals and required interface timing to shift in proper data  
link information at proper time.  
The Transmit Overhead Input Interface for a given Framer consists of two signals.  
TxOHClk_n: The Transmit Overhead Input Interface Clock Output signal  
TxOH_n: The Transmit Overhead Input Interface Input signal.  
The Transmit Overhead Input Interface Clock Output pin (TxOHCLK_n) generates a rising clock edge for each  
National bit that is configured to carry Data Link information according to setting of the framer. The Data Link  
equipment interfaced to the Transmit Overhead Input Interface should update the data link bits on the TxOH_n  
line upon detection of the rising edge of TxOHClk_n. The Transmit Overhead Input Interface block will sample  
and latch the data link bits on the TxOH_n line on the falling edge of TxOHClk_n. The data link bits will be in-  
cluded in and transmitted via the outgoing E1 frames.  
The figure below shows block diagram of the DS1 Transmit Overhead Input Interface of XRT84L38.  
FIGURE 107. BLOCK DIAGRAM OF THE E1 TRANSMIT OVERHEAD INPUT INTERFACE OF XRT84L38  
TxOH_n  
Transmit  
Overhead Input  
Interface  
To Transmit  
Framer Block  
TxOHClk_n  
8.1.2 Configure the E1 Transmit Overhead Input Interface module as source of the National Bit  
Sequence in E1 framing format mode  
The National Bit Sequence in E1 framing format mode can be inserted from:  
E1 Transmit Overhead Input Interface Block  
E1 Transmit HDLC Controller  
E1 Transmit Serial Input Interface  
The purpose of the Transmit Overhead Input Interface is to permit Data Link equipment direct access to the  
Sa4 through Sa8 National bits that are to be transported via the outbound frames. The Transmit Data Link  
Source Select [1:0] bits, within the Synchronization MUX Register (SMR) determine source of the Sa4 through  
Sa8 National bits to be inserted into the outgoing E1 frames.  
326  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
The table below shows configuration of the Transmit Data Link Source Select [1:0] bits of the Synchronization  
MUX Register (SMR).  
SYNCHRONIZATION MUX REGISTER (SMR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X09H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
3-2  
Transmit Data Link  
Source Select [1:0]  
R/W  
00 - The Sa4 through Sa8 National bits are inserted into the framer  
through the Transmit Serial Data input Interface via the TxSer_n pins.  
01 - The Sa4 through Sa8 National bits are inserted into the framer  
through the Transmit LAPD Controller.  
10 - The Sa4 through Sa8 National bits are inserted into the framer  
through the Transmit Overhead Input Interface via the TxOH_n pins.  
11 - The Sa4 through Sa8 National bits are inserted into the framer  
through the Transmit Serial Data input Interface via the TxSer_n pins.  
If the Transmit Data Link Source Select bits of the Transmit Data Link Select Register are set to 10, the Trans-  
mit Overhead Input Interface Block becomes input source of the FDL bits.  
The XRT84L38 allows the user to decide on the following:  
How many of the National Bits will be used to carry the Data Link information bits  
Which of these National Bits will be used to carry the Data Link information bits.  
The Transmit Sa Data Link Select bits of the Transmit Signaling and Data Link Select Register (TSDLSR) de-  
termine which ones of the National bits are configured as Data Link bits in E1 framing format mode. Depending  
upon the configuration of the Transmit Signaling and Data Link Select Register, either of the following cases  
may exists:  
None of the National bits are used to transport the Data Link information bits (That is, data link channel of  
XRT84L38 is inactive).  
Any combination of between 1 and all 5 of the National bits can be selected to transport the Data Link infor-  
mation bits.  
The table below shows configuration of the Transmit Sa Data Link Select bits of the Transmit Signaling and Da-  
ta Link Select Register (TSDLSR).  
TRANSMIT SIGNALING AND DATA LINK SELECT REGISTER (TSDLSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H,  
0X0AH)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7
Transmit Sa8 Data  
Link Select  
R/W  
0 - Source of the Sa8 Nation bit is not from the data link interface.  
1 - Source the Sa8 National bit from the data link interface.  
6
5
4
3
Transmit Sa7 Data  
Link Select  
R/W  
R/W  
R/W  
R/W  
0 - Source of the Sa7 Nation bit is not from the data link interface.  
1 - Source the Sa7 National bit from the data link interface.  
Transmit Sa6 Data  
Link Select  
0 - Source of the Sa6 Nation bit is not from the data link interface.  
1 - Source the Sa6 National bit from the data link interface.  
Transmit Sa5 Data  
Link Select  
0 - Source of the Sa5 Nation bit is not from the data link interface.  
1 - Source the Sa5 National bit from the data link interface.  
Transmit Sa4 Data  
Link Select  
0 - Source of the Sa4 Nation bit is not from the data link interface.  
1 - Source the Sa4 National bit from the data link interface.  
327  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
For every Sa bit that is selected to carry Data Link information, the Transmit Overhead Input Interface will sup-  
ply a clock pulse, via the TxOHClk_n output pin, such that:  
The Data Link equipment interfaced to the Transmit Overhead Input Interface should update the data on the  
TxOH_n line upon detection of the rising edge of TxOHClk_n.  
The Transmit Overhead Input Interface will sample and latch the data on the TxOH_n line on the falling edge  
of TxOHClk_n.  
Figure 108 below shows the timing diagram of the input and output signals associated with the E1 Transmit  
Overhead Input Interface module in E1 framing format mode.  
FIGURE 108. E1 TRANSMIT OVERHEAD INPUT INTERFACE TIMING  
Frame #  
TxSync(input)  
TxSync(output)  
TxMSync(input)  
TxMSync(output)  
TxOhClk  
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20  
TxOh  
TxSerClk  
Timeslot 0  
Sa4 Sa5 Sa6 Sa7 Sa8  
Timeslot 1  
MSB  
LSB Si  
1
A
LSB  
TxSer  
TxSync(out)  
TxSync(in)  
TxOhClk  
TxOh  
Sa4  
Sa7 Sa8  
8.2 E1 RECEIVE OVERHEAD INTERFACE  
8.2.1 Description of the E1 Receive Overhead Output Interface Block  
The E1 Receive Overhead Output Interface Block will allow an external device to be the consumer of the E1  
National bit sequence. This interface provides interface signals and required interface timing to shift out proper  
data link information at proper time.  
The Receive Overhead Output Interface for a given Framer consists of two signals.  
RxOHClk_n: The Receive Overhead Output Interface Clock Output signal  
RxOH_n: The Receive Overhead Output Interface Output signal.  
The Receive Overhead Output Interface Clock Output pin (RxOHCLK_n) generates a rising clock edge for  
each National bit that is configured to carry Data Link information according to setting of the framer. The data  
link bits extracted from the incoming E1 frames are outputted from the Receive Overhead Output Interface Out-  
put pin (RxOH_n) before the rising edge of RxOHClk_n. The Data Link equipment should sample and latch the  
data link bits at the rising edge of RxOHClk_n.  
328  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
The figure below shows block diagram of the Receive Overhead Output Interface of XRT84L38.  
FIGURE 109. BLOCK DIAGRAM OF THE E1 RECEIVE OVERHEAD OUTPUT INTERFACE OF XRT84L38  
RxOH_n  
Receive  
Overhead Output  
Interface  
From Receive  
Framer Block  
RxOHClk_n  
8.2.2 Configure the E1 Receive Overhead Output Interface module as source of the National Bit  
Sequence in E1 framing format mode  
The National Bit Sequence in E1 framing format mode can be extracted and directed to:  
E1 Receive Overhead Output Interface Block  
E1 Receive HDLC Controller  
E1 Receive Serial Output Interface  
The purpose of the Receive Overhead Output Interface is to permit Data Link equipment to have direct access  
to the Sa4 through Sa8 National bits that are extracted from the incoming E1 frames. Independent of the avail-  
ability of the E1 Receive HDLC Controller module, the XRT84L38 always output the received National bits  
through the Receive Overhead Output Interface block.  
The XRT84L38 allows the user to decide on the following:  
How many of the National Bits is used to carry the Data Link information bits  
Which of these National Bits is used to carry the Data Link information bits.  
The Receive Sa Data Link Select bits of the Receive Signaling and Data Link Select Register (TSDLSR) deter-  
mine which ones of the National bits are configured as Data Link bits in E1 framing format mode. Depending  
upon the configuration of the Receive Signaling and Data Link Select Register, either of the following cases  
may exists:  
None of the received National bits are used to transport the Data Link information bits (That is, data link  
channel of XRT84L38 is inactive).  
Any combination of between 1 and all 5 of the received National bits are used to transport the Data Link infor-  
mation bits.  
The table below shows configuration of the Receive Sa Data Link Select bits of the Receive Signaling and Data  
Link Select Register (RSDLSR).  
RECEIVE SIGNALING AND DATA LINK SELECT REGISTER (RSDLSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H,  
0X0CH)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7
Receive Sa8 Data  
Link Select  
R/W  
0 - The received Sa8 Nation bit is not extracted to the data link interface.  
1 - The received Sa8 Nation bit is extracted to the data link interface.  
6
5
4
Receive Sa7 Data  
Link Select  
R/W  
R/W  
R/W  
0 - The received Sa7 Nation bit is not extracted to the data link interface.  
1 - The received Sa7 Nation bit is extracted to the data link interface.  
Receive Sa6 Data  
Link Select  
0 - The received Sa6 Nation bit is not extracted to the data link interface.  
1 - The received Sa6 Nation bit is extracted to the data link interface.  
Receive Sa5 Data  
Link Select  
0 - The received Sa5 Nation bit is not extracted to the data link interface.  
1 - The received Sa5 Nation bit is extracted to the data link interface.  
329  
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OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
RECEIVE SIGNALING AND DATA LINK SELECT REGISTER (RSDLSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H,  
0X0CH)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
3
Receive Sa4 Data  
Link Select  
R/W  
0 - The received Sa4 Nation bit is not extracted to the data link interface.  
1 - The received Sa4 Nation bit is extracted to the data link interface.  
For every received Sa bit that is determined to carry Data Link information, the Receive Overhead Output Inter-  
face will supply a clock pulse, via the RxOHClk_n output pin, such that:  
The Receive Overhead Output interface should update the data on the RxOH_n line before the rising edge of  
RxOHClk_n.  
The external Data Link equipment interfaced to the Receive Overhead Output Interface will sample and latch  
the data on the RxOH_n line on the rising edge of RxOHClk_n.  
Figure 110 below shows the timing diagram of the output signals associated with the E1 Receive Overhead  
Output Interface module in E1 framing format mode.  
FIGURE 110. E1 RECEIVE OVERHEAD OUTPUT INTERFACE TIMING  
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20  
Frame #  
RxSync  
RxMSync  
RxOhClk  
RxOh  
RxSerClk  
Channel 0  
Sa4 Sa5 Sa6 Sa7 Sa8  
Channel 1  
MSB  
LSB Si  
1
A
LSB  
RxSer  
RxSync  
RxOhClk  
RxOh  
Sa4 Sa5 Sa6 Sa7 Sa8  
If Sa4, SA7 and Sa8 are selected.  
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9.1 HOW TO CONFIGURE XRT84L38 TO OPERATE IN DS1 MODE  
The XRT84L38 Octal T1/E1/J1 Framer supports DS1, J1 or E1 framing modes. Since J1 standard is very simi-  
lar to DS1 standard with a few minor changes, the J1 framing mode is included as a sub-set of the DS1 framing  
mode. All eight framers within the XRT84L38 silicon can be individually configured to support DS1, J1 or E1  
framing modes.  
NOTE: If transmitting section of one framer is configured to support either one of the framing modes, the receiving section  
is automatically configured to support the same framing modes.  
The T1/E1 Select bit of the Clock Select Register (CSR) controls which framing mode, that is, T1/J1 or E1, sup-  
ported by the framer. The table below illustrates configurations of the T1/E1 Select bit of the Clock Select Reg-  
ister (CSR).  
CLOCK SELECT REGISTER (CSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X00H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
6
T1/E1 Select  
R/W  
0 - The XRT84L38 framer is running in E1 mode.  
1 - The XRT84L38 framer is running in T1 mode.  
Since J1 and DS1 are two very similar standards, to configure the framer to run in J1 mode, the user has to se-  
lect DS1 mode by setting the T1/E1 Select bit of the Clock Select Register to 1 first.  
The next step is to set the J1 CRC Calculation bit of the Framing Select Register (FSR). If this bit is set to 1, the  
XRT84L38 will do CRC-6 calculation in J1 mode. That is, the CRC-6 calculation is based on the actual values  
of all 4,632 bits in DS1 multi-frame including framing bits. If this bit is set to 0, the XRT84L38 will perform CRC-  
6 calculation in DS1 mode. That is, the CRC-6 calculation is done based on the actual values of 4,608 payload  
bits of a DS1 multi-frame and assumes that all the framing bits are one.  
The table below shows configurations of the J1 CRC Calculation bit of the Framing Select Register (FSR).  
FRAMING SELECT REGISTER (FSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X07H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
5
J1 CRC  
Calculation  
R/W  
In J1 format, CRC-6 calculation is done based on the actual values of all  
payload bits as well as the framing bits.  
In DS1 format, CRC-6 calculation is done based on the payload bits only  
while assuming all the framing bits are one.  
0 - The framer performs CRC-6 calculation in DS1 format.  
1 - The framer performs CRC-6 calculation in J1 format. This feature per-  
mits the driver to comply with J1 standard.  
The table below provides summary of how to select different operating modes for the XRT84L38 framer.  
T1/E1 SELECT BIT OF CSR  
Set to 1  
J1 CRC CALCULATION BIT OF FSR  
T1  
J1  
E1  
Set to 0  
Set to 1  
-
Set to 1  
Set to 0  
The purpose of the DS1 Transmit Framer block is to embed and encode user payload data into frames and to  
route this DS1 frame data to the Transmit DS1 LIU Interface block. Please note that the XRT84L38 has eight  
(8) individual DS1 Transmit Framer blocks. Hence, the following description applies to all eight of these individ-  
ual Transmit DS1 Framer blocks.  
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The purpose of the DS1 Transmit Framer block is:  
To encode user data, inputted from the Terminal Equipment into a standard framing format.  
To provide individual data control and signaling conditioning of each DS0 channel.  
To support the transmission of HDLC messages, from the local transmitting terminal, to the remote receiving  
terminal.  
To transmit indications that the local receive framer has received error frames from the remote terminal.  
To transmit alarm condition indicators to the remote terminal.  
The following sections discuss functionalities of the DS1 Transmit Framer block in details. We will also describe  
how to configure the XRT84L38 to transmit DS1 frames according to system requirement of users.  
9.2 HOW TO CONFIGURE THE FRAMER TO TRANSMIT DATA IN VARIOUS DS1 FRAMING FORMATS  
The XRT84L38 Octal T1/E1/J1 Framer supports the following DS1 framing formats:  
Super-Frame format (SF), also referred to as D4 framing  
Extended Super-Frame format (ESF)  
Non-signaling format (N)  
T1DM framing format  
SLCâ96 data link framing format, which use the Super-Frame (SF) framing structure  
NOTE: If the framer is configured to transmit DS1 frames according to one particular framing format, the receiving side of  
the framer is also configured to receive DS1 frames according to the same framing format. The user can set the Framing  
Format Select [2:0] bits of the Framing Select Register (FSR) to determine which DS1 framing format should XRT84L38 be  
configured to operate.  
The table below shows configurations of the Framing Format Select [2:0] bits of the Framing Select Register  
(FSR).  
FRAMING SELECT REGISTER (FSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X07H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
2-0  
T1 Framing Select  
R/W  
T1 Framing Select:  
These READ/WRITE bit-fields allow the user to select one of the five T1  
framing formats supported by the framer. These framing formats include  
ESF, SLCâ96, SF, N and T1DM mode.  
Framing  
Format  
Bit 2  
Bit 1  
Bit 0  
ESF  
0
1
1
1
1
X
0
0
1
1
X
0
1
0
1
SLC®96  
SF  
N
T1DM  
NOTE: Changing of framing format automatically forces the framer to per-  
form re-synchronization.  
9.2.1 How to configure the framer to input framing alignment bits from different sources  
In DS1 mode, different framing formats are distinguished by different patterns and functions of the framing  
alignment bit (first bit of a DS1 frame). The XRT84L38 can generate the framing alignment bits internally ac-  
cording to a particular framing format.  
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At the same time, the users can generate the framing alignment bits externally and insert them into the framer  
through the Transmit Serial Data Input Interface block via the TxSer_n pin. It is the user's responsibility to  
maintain the accuracy and integrity of the framing alignment bits. The user also has to make sure that the fram-  
ing alignment bits are inserted into the framer at right position and right timing. However, this option is only  
available when the XRT84L38 is configured to run at a normal back-plane rate of 1.544Mbit/s.  
The Framing Bit Source Select bit of the Synchronization MUX Register (SMR) controls source of the framing  
alignment bit. The table below shows configurations of the Framing Bit Source Select bit of the Synchronization  
MUX Register (SMR).  
SYNCHRONIZATION MUX REGISTER (SMR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X09H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
0
Framing Bit Source  
R/W  
Framing Bit Source:  
This READ/WRITE bit-field permits the user to determine where the fram-  
ing alignment bits should be inserted.  
0 - The framing alignment bits are generated and inserted by the framer  
internally.  
1 - If the framer is operating in normal 1.544Mbit/s mode, the framing align-  
ment bits are passed through from the Transmit Serial Data Input Interface  
block via the TxSer_n pin.  
9.2.2 How to configure the framer to input CRC-6 bits from different sources  
If the framer is configured to operate in Extended Super-frame Format, the framing bits of Frame number 2, 6,  
10, 14, 18 and 22 of an ESF multi-frame are used as Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC-6) code of the last ESF  
multi-frame. The CRC-6 bits are an indicator of the link quality and could be monitored by the user to establish  
error performance report.  
The XRT84L38 can generate the CRC-6 bits internally by calculating the CRC check-sum of all the 4,632 bits  
in DS1 multi-frame while assuming the framing bits to be one.  
At the same time, the users can generate the CRC-6 bits externally and insert them into the framer through the  
Transmit Serial Data Input Interface block via the TxSer_n pin. It is the user's responsibility to correctly com-  
pute the CRC-6 bits according to DS1 algorithm. Also, the user has to make sure that the CRC-6 bits are in-  
serted into the framer at right position and right timing. However, this option is only available when the  
XRT84L38 is configured to run at a normal back-plane rate of 1.544Mbit/s.  
The CRC-6 Source Select bit of the Synchronization MUX Register (SMR) controls from where to input CRC-6  
bits into the framer. The table below shows configurations of the CRC-6 Source Select bit of the Synchroniza-  
tion MUX Register (SMR).  
SYNCHRONIZATION MUX REGISTER (SMR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X09H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
1
CRC-6 Source  
Select  
R/W  
CRC-6 Source Select:  
This READ/WRITE bit-field permits the user to determine where the CRC-  
6 bits should be inserted.  
0 - The CRC-6 bits are generated and inserted by the framer internally.  
1 - If the framer is operating in normal 1.544Mbit/s mode, the CRC-6 bits  
are generated by external equipment and passed through from the Trans-  
mit Serial Data Input Interface block via the TxSer_n pin.  
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9.3 HOW TO CONFIGURE THE FRAMER TO APPLY DATA AND SIGNALING CONDITIONING TO DS1 PAYLOAD DATA  
ON A PER-CHANNEL BASIS  
The XRT84L38 T1/J1/E1 Octal Framer provides individual control of each of the twenty-four DS0 channels.  
The user can apply data and signaling conditioning to raw DS1 payload data coming from the Terminal Equip-  
ment on a per-channel basis.  
The XRT84L38 framer can apply the following changes to raw DS1 PCM data coming from the Terminal Equip-  
ment on a per-channel basis:  
All 8 bits of the input PCM data are inverted  
The even bits of the input PCM data are inverted  
The odd bits of the input PCM data are inverted  
The MSB of the input PCM data is inverted  
All input PCM data except the MSB are inverted  
Configuration of the XRT84L38 framer to apply the above-mentioned changes to raw DS1 PCM data are con-  
trolled by the Transmit Data Conditioning Select [3:0] bits of the Transmit Channel Control Register (TCCR) of  
each DS0 channel.  
The XRT84L38 framer can also replace the incoming raw DS1 PCM data from the Terminal Equipment with  
pre-defined or user-defined codes. The XRT84L38 supports the following conditioning substitutions:  
BUSY code - an octet with hexadecimal value of 0x7F  
BUSY_TS code - an octet of pattern "111xxxxx" where "xxxxx" represents the timeslot number  
VACANT code - an octet with hexadecimal value of 0xFF  
A-law Digital Milliwatt code  
u-law Digital Milliwatt code  
IDLE code - an octet defined by the value stored in the User IDLE Code Register (UCR)  
MOOF code - MUX-Out-Of-Frame code with hexadecimal value of 0x1A  
PRBS code - an octet generated by the Pseudo-Random Bit Sequence (PRBS) Generator block of the  
framer  
Once again, configuration of the XRT84L38 framer to replace raw DS1 PCM data with the above-mentioned  
coding schemes are controlled by the Transmit Data Conditioning Select [3:0] bits of the Transmit Channel  
Control Register (TCCR) of each DS0 channel.  
Finally, the XRT84L38 framer can configure any one or ones of the twenty-four DS0 channels to be D or E  
channels. D channel is used primarily for data link applications. E channel is used primarily for signaling for cir-  
cuit switching with multiple access configurations.  
The Transmit Data Conditioning Select [3:0] bits of the Transmit Channel Control Register (TCCR) of each  
channel determine whether that particular channel is configured as D or E channel.  
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The table below illustrates configurations of the Transmit Data Conditioning Select [3:0] bits of the Transmit  
Channel Control Register (TCCR).  
TRANSMIT CHANNEL CONTROL REGISTER (TCCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN2H, 0X00H - 0X1FH)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
3-0  
Transmit  
Conditioning  
Select  
R/W  
0000 - The input DS1 PCM data of this DS0 channel is unchanged.  
0001 - All 8 bits of the input DS1 PCM data of this DS0 channel are  
inverted.  
0010 - The even bits of the input DS1 PCM data of this DS0 channel are  
inverted.  
0011 - The odd bits of the input DS1 PCM data of this DS0 channel are  
inverted.  
0100 - The input DS1 PCM data of this DS0 channel are replaced by the  
octet stored in User IDLE Code Register (UCR).  
0101 - The input DS1 PCM data of this DS0 channel are replaced by  
BUSY code (0x7F).  
0110 - The input DS1 PCM data of this DS0 channel are replaced by  
VACANT code (0xFF).  
0111 - The input DS1 PCM data of this DS0 channel are replaced by  
BUSY_TS code (111xxxxx).  
1000 - The input DS1 PCM data of this DS0 channel are replaced by MUX-  
Out-Of-Frame (MOOF) code with value 0x1A.  
1001 - The input DS1 PCM data of this DS0 channel are replaced by the  
A-law digital milliwatt pattern.  
1010 - The input DS1 PCM data of this DS0 channel are replaced by the u-  
law digital milliwatt pattern.  
1011 - The MSB bit of the input DS1 PCM data of this DS0 channel is  
inverted.  
1100 - All bits of the input DS1 PCM data of this DS0 channel except MSB  
bit are inverted.  
1101 - The input DS1 PCM data of this DS0 channel are replaced by  
PRBS pattern created by the internal PRBS Generator of XRT84L38  
framer.  
1110 - The input DS1 PCM data of this DS0 channel is unchanged.  
1111 - This channel is configured as D or E timeslot.  
9.3.1 How to apply User IDLE Code to the DS1 payload data  
When the Transmit Data Conditioning Select [3:0] bits of the Transmit Channel Control Register (TCCR) of a  
particular DS0 channel are set to 0100, input DS1 PCM data of this DS0 channel are replaced by the octet  
stored in User IDLE Code Register (UCR). The table below shows contents of the User IDLE Code Register.  
USER IDLE CODE REGISTER (UCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN02H, 0X20H - 0X37H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7-0  
User IDLE Code  
R/W  
These READ/WRITE bit-fields permits the user store any value of IDLE  
code into the framer. When the Transmit Data Conditioning Select [3:0] bits  
of TCCR register of a particular DS0 channel are set to 0100, the input  
DS1 PCM data are replaced by contents of this register and sent to the  
Transmit LIU Interface.  
Let us study the following example of applying the User IDLE Code.  
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In T1DM mode, the time slot 24 of a DS1 frame is used for synchronization and alarm. To generate the T1DM  
framing mode externally, the user can do the following:  
Write the T1DM synchronization word (0xBC) to the User IDLE Code Register of the time slot 24.  
Set the Transmit Data Conditioning Select [3:0] bits of the TCCR of channel 24 to "0100".  
Upon doing the above, the payload data of channel 24 will be replaced by the T1DM synchronization code  
0xBC.  
9.4 HOW TO CONFIGURE THE XRT84L38 FRAMER TO APPLY ZERO CODE SUPPRESSION TO DS1 PAYLOAD DATA  
ON A PER-CHANNEL BASIS  
In order to guarantee adequate clock recovery from the received PCM data, a minimum "ones density" must be  
maintained. In the case of an all zero channel, that is, if all the incoming PCM data of a particular DS0 channel  
from the Terminal Equipment is zero, the raw PCM data is replaced by a certain pattern that no more than fif-  
teen consecutive zeros will occur. It is known as zero code suppression.  
The XRT84L38 framer supports three types of zero code suppression schemes:  
AT&T Bit 7 Stuffing - an old coding method that forces Bit 7 (the second LSB of a DS0 channel) to a 1 in an  
all zero channel.  
GTE Zero Code Suppression - Bit 8 (the LSB of a DS0 channel) is stuffed by 1 in non-signaling frame in an  
all zero channel. Otherwise, Bit 7 is stuffed by 1 in signaling frame if the signaling bit is zero.  
DDS Zero Code Suppression - an octet with hexadecimal value of 0x98 is used to replace the input data if it  
is all zero.  
The Transmit Zero Code Suppression Select [1:0] bits of the Transmit Channel Control Register (TCCR) of a  
particular DS0 channel is used to select which type of zero code suppression scheme is used by the framer.  
The table below shows configurations of the Transmit Zero Code Suppression Select [1:0] bits of the Transmit  
Channel Control Register (TCCR).  
TRANSMIT CHANNEL CONTROL REGISTER (TCCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN2H, 0X00H - 0X1FH)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
5-4  
Transmit Zero  
Code Suppression  
Select  
R/W  
00 - The input DS1 PCM data of this DS0 channel is unchanged. No zero  
code suppression is used.  
01 - AT&T Bit 7 stuffing is used.  
10 - GTE zero code suppression is used.  
11 - DDS zero code suppression is used.  
9.5 HOW TO CONFIGURE THE XRT84L38 FRAMER TO TRANSMIT ROBBED-BIT SIGNALING INFORMATION  
The XRT84L38 T1/J1/E1 Octal Framer supports insertion of Robbed-bit Signaling information into the outgoing  
DS1 frame. It also supports extraction and substitution of Robbed-bit Signaling information from the incoming  
DS1 frame. The following section provides a brief overview of Robbed-bit Signaling in DS1 mode.  
9.5.1 Brief Discussion of Robbed-bit Signaling in DS1 Framing Format  
Signaling is required when dealing with voice and dial-up data services in DS1 applications. Traditionally, sig-  
naling is provided on a dial-up telephone line, across the talk-path. Bit robbing, or stealing the least significant  
bit (8th bit) in each of the twenty-four voice channels in the signaling frames allows enough bits to signal be-  
tween the transmitting and receiving end. That is how the name Robbed-bit signaling comes from. These ends  
can be CPE to central office (CO) for switched services, or CPE to CPE for PBX-to-PBX connections.  
Signaling is used to tell the receiver where the call or route is destined. The signal is sent through switches  
along the route to a distant end. Common types of signals are:  
On hook  
Off hook  
Dial tone  
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Dialed digits  
Ringing cycle  
Busy tone  
Robbed-bit Signaling is supported in three DS1 framing formats:  
Super-Frame (SF)  
SLC®96  
Extended Super-Frame (ESF)  
In Super-Frame or SLC®96 framing mode, frame number 6 and frame number 12 are signaling frames. In  
channelized DS1 applications, these frames are used to contain the signaling information. In frame number 6  
and 12, the least significant bit of all twenty-four timeslots is 'robbed' to carry call state information. The bit in  
frame 6 is called the A bit and the bit in frame 12 is called the B bit. The combination of A and B defines the  
state of the call for the particular timeslot that these two bits are located.  
FRAME NUMBER  
SIGNALING BIT  
6
A
B
12  
In Extended Super-Frame framing mode, frame number 6, 12, 18 and 24 are signaling frames. In these frames,  
the least significant bit of all twenty-four timeslots is 'robbed' to carry call state information. The bit in frame 6 is  
called the A bit, the bit in frame 12 is called the B bit, the bit in frame 18 is called the C bit and the bit in frame  
24 is called the D bit. The combination of A, B, C and D defines the state of the call for the particular timeslot  
that these signaling bits are located.  
FRAME NUMBER  
SIGNALING BIT  
6
A
B
C
D
12  
18  
24  
9.5.2 Configure the framer to transmit Robbed-bit Signaling  
The XRT84L38 framer supports transmission of Robbed-bit Signaling in ESF, SF and SLC®96 framing for-  
mats. Signaling bits can be inserted into the outgoing DS1 frame through the following:  
Signaling data is inserted from Transmit Signaling Control Registers (TSCR) of each timeslot  
Signaling data is inserted from TxSig_n pin  
Signaling data is embedded into the input PCM data coming from the Terminal Equipment  
9.5.2.1 Insert Signaling Bits from TSCR Register  
The four most significant bits of the Transmit Signaling Control Register (TSCR) of each timeslot can be used  
to store outgoing signaling data. The user can program these bits through microprocessor access. If the  
XRT84L38 framer is configure to insert signaling bits from TSCR registers, the DS1 Transmit Framer block will  
strip off the least significant bits of signaling frames and replace it with the signaling bit stored inside the TSCR  
registers. The insertion of signaling bit into PCM data is done on a per-channel basis. The most significant bit  
(Bit 7) of TSCR register is used to store Signaling bit A. Bit 6 is used to hold Signaling bit B. Bit 5 is used to hold  
Signaling bit C. Bit 4 is used to hold Signaling bit D.  
In SF or SLCâ96 mode, the user can control the XRT84L38 framer to transmit no signaling (transparent), two-  
code signaling, or four-code signaling. Two-code signaling is done by substituting the least significant bit (LSB)  
of the specific channel in frame 6 and 12 with the content of the Signaling bit A of the specific TSCR register.  
NOTE: The user should make sure that Signaling bit A and Signaling bit B of the specific TSCR register have the same  
value.  
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Four-code signaling is done by substituting the LSB of channel data in frame 6 with the Signaling bit A and the  
LSB of channel data in frame 12 with the Signaling bit B of the specific channel's TSCR register. If sixteen-code  
signaling is selected in SF format, only the Signaling bit A and Signaling bit B information are used.  
In ESF mode, the user can control the XRT84L38 framer to transmit no signaling (transparent) by disable sig-  
naling insertion, two-code signaling, four-code signaling or sixteen code signaling. Two-code signaling is done  
by substituting the least significant bit (LSB) of the specific channel in frame 6, 12, 18 and 24 with the content  
of the Signaling bit A of the specific TSCR register.  
NOTE: The user should duplicate the contents of Signaling bit A of the specific TSCR register to Signaling bit B, C and D.  
Four-code signaling is done by substituting the LSB of channel data in frame 6 and frame 18 with the Signaling  
bit A and the LSB of channel data in frame 12 and frame 24 with the Signaling bit B of the specific channel's  
TSCR register.  
NOTE: The user should duplicate the contents of Signaling bit A of the specific TSCR register to Signaling bit C and dupli-  
cate the contents of Signaling bit B of the specific TSCR register to Signaling bit D.  
Sixteen-code signaling is implemented by substituting the LSB of channel data in frames 6, 12, 18, and 24 with  
the content of Signaling bit A, B, C, and D of TSCR register respectively.  
In N mode, no robbed-bit signaling is allowed and the transmit data stream remains intact.  
The table below shows the four most significant bits of the Transmit Signaling Control Register.  
TRANSMIT SIGNALING CONTROL REGISTER (TSCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN2H, 0X40H - 0X57H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7
Signaling Bit A  
R/W  
This bit is used to store Signaling Bit A that is sent as the least significant  
bit of timeslot of frame number 6.  
6
5
4
Signaling Bit B  
Signaling Bit C  
Signaling Bit D  
R/W  
R/W  
R/W  
This bit is used to store Signaling Bit B that is sent as the least significant  
bit of timeslot of frame number 12.  
This bit is used to store Signaling Bit C that is sent as the least significant  
bit of timeslot of frame number 18.  
This bit is used to store Signaling Bit D that is sent as the least significant  
bit of timeslot of frame number 24.  
9.5.2.2 Insert Signaling Bits from TxSig_n Pin  
The XRT84L38 framer can be configure to insert signaling bits provided by external equipment through the  
TxSig_n pins. This pin is a multiplexed I/O pin with two functions:  
TxTSb[0]_n - Transmit Timeslot Number Bit [0] Output pin  
TxSig_n - Transmit Signaling Input pin  
When the Transmit Fractional DS1 bit of the Transmit Interface Control Register (TICR) is set to 0, this pin is  
configured as TxTSb[0]_n pin, it outputs bit 0 of the timeslot number of the DS1 PCM data that is transmitting.  
When the Transmit Fractional DS1 bit of the Transmit Interface Control Register (TICR) is set to 1, this pin is  
configured as TxSig_n pin, it acts as an input source for the signaling bits to be transmitted in the outbound  
DS1 frames.  
Figure 111 below is a timing diagram of the TxSig_n input pin. Please note that the Signaling Bit A of a certain  
timeslot coincides with Bit 5 of the PCM data; Signaling Bit B coincides with Bit 6 of the PCM data; Signaling Bit  
C coincides with Bit 7 of the PCM data and Signaling Bit D coincides with Bit 8 (LSB) of the PCM data.  
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FIGURE 111. TIMING DIAGRAM OF THE TXSIG_N INPUT  
Timeslot 0  
Timeslot 5  
Timeslot 6  
Input Data  
Timeslot 23  
TxSerClk  
TxSerClk (INV)  
TxSer  
Input Data  
Input Data  
A B C D  
Input Data  
A B C D  
F
F
TxSig  
A B C D  
A B C D  
The table below shows configurations of the Transmit Fractional DS1 bit of the Transmit Interface Control Reg-  
ister (TICR).  
TRANSMIT INTERFACE CONTROL REGISTER (TICR)(INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X20H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
4
Transmit  
Fractional DS1  
R/W  
This READ/WRITE bit-field permits the user to determine which one of the  
two functions the multiplexed I/O pin of TxTSb[0]_n/TxSig_n is spotting.  
0 - This pin is configured as TxTSb[0]_n pin, it outputs bit 0 of the timeslot  
number of the DS1 PCM data that is transmitting.  
1 - This pin is configured as TxSig_n pin, it acts as an input source for the  
signaling bits to be transmitted in the outbound DS1 frames  
9.5.2.3 Insert Signaling Data from TxSer_n Pin  
Depends on applications, the Terminal Equipment can embed signaling information into the DS1 PCM data  
and then send the data to the XRT84L38 framer device. In this case, the user should configure the framer not  
to insert any signaling data. The input DS1 PCM data will then be directed to the Transmit LIU Interface without  
any modifications.  
9.5.2.4 Enable Robbed-bit Signaling and Signaling Data Source Control  
The Transmit Signaling Control Register (TSCR) of each channel selects source of signaling data to be insert-  
ed into the outgoing DS1 frame and enables robbed-bit signaling. As we mentioned before, the signaling data  
can be inserted from Transmit Signaling Control Registers (TSCR) of each timeslot, from the TxSig_n input pin  
or from the TxSer_n input pin.  
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The Transmit Signaling Data Source Select [1:0] bits of the Transmit Signaling Control Register (TSCR) deter-  
mines from which sources the signaling data is inserted from. The table below shows configurations of the  
Transmit Signaling Data Source Select [1:0] bits of the Transmit Signaling Control Register (TSCR).  
TRANSMIT SIGNALING CONTROL REGISTER (TSCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN2H, 0X40H - 0X57H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
1-0  
Transmit Signaling  
Source Select  
R/W  
00 - No signaling data is inserted into the input DS1 PCM data by the  
framer. However, the user can embed signaling data into DS1 PCM data  
before routing the PCM data into the framer.  
01 - Signaling data is inserted into the input DS1 PCM data from TSCR  
register of each timeslot.  
10 - Signaling data is inserted into the input DS1 PCM data from the  
TxSig_n input pin.  
11 - No signaling data is inserted into the input DS1 PCM data by the  
framer. However, the user can embed signaling data into DS1 PCM data  
before routing the PCM data into the framer.  
The Robbed-bit Signaling Enable bit of the Transmit Signaling Control Register (TSCR) determines whether  
Robbed-bit Signaling is available. The table below shows configurations of the Robbed-bit Signaling Enable bit  
of the Transmit Signaling Control Register (TSCR).  
TRANSMIT SIGNALING CONTROL REGISTER (TSCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN2H, 0X40H - 0X57H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
1-0  
Robbed-bit  
Signaling Enable  
R/W  
0 - Robbed-bit Signaling is disabled. No signaling data will be inserted into  
the input PCM data no matter what the setting of the Transmit Signaling  
Source Select [1:0] bits is.  
1 - Signaling data is enabled and inserted into the input DS1 PCM data  
according to setting of the Transmit Signaling Source Select [1:0] bits.  
9.6 HOW TO CONFIGURE THE XRT84L38 FRAMER TO GENERATE AND TRANSMIT ALARMS AND ERROR INDICA-  
TIONS TO REMOTE TERMINAL  
The XRT84L38 T1/J1/E1 Octal Framer can be configured to monitor quality of received DS1 frames. It can  
generate error indications if the local receive framer has received error frames from the remote terminal. If cor-  
responding interrupt is enabled, the local microprocessor operation is interrupted by these error conditions. Up-  
on microprocessor interruption, the user can intervene by looking into the error conditions.  
At the same time, the user can configure the XRT84L38 framer to transmit alarms and error indications to re-  
mote terminal. Different alarms and error indications will be transmitted depending on the error condition. The  
section below gives a brief discussion of the error conditions and appropriate alarms that should be generated  
and transmitted by the XRT84L38 framer.  
9.6.1 Brief discussion of alarms and error conditions  
As defined in ANSI T1.231 specification, alarm conditions are created from defects. Defects are momentary  
impairments present on the DS1 trunk. If a defect is present for a sufficient amount of time (called the integra-  
tion time), then the defect becomes an alarm. Once an alarm is declared, the alarm is present until after the de-  
fect clears for a sufficient period of time. The time it takes to clear an alarm is called the de-integration time.  
Alarms are used to detect and warn maintenance personnel of problems on the DS1 trunk. There are three  
types of alarms:  
Red alarm or Service Alarm Indication (SAI) Signal  
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Blue alarm or Alarm Indication Signal (AIS)  
Yellow alarm or Remote Alarm Indication (RAI) Signal  
To explain the error conditions and generation of different alarms, let us create a simple DS1 system model. In  
this model, a DS1 signal is sourced from the Central Office (CO) through a Repeater to the Customer Premises  
Equipment (CPE). At the same time, a DS1 signal is routed from the CPE to the Repeater and back to the Cen-  
tral Office. Figure 112 below shows the simple DS1 system model.  
FIGURE 112. SIMPLE DIAGRAM OF DS1 SYSTEM MODEL  
CO  
Repeater  
CPE  
DS1  
Transmit  
Section  
DS1  
Receive  
Section  
DS1 Receive  
Framer Block  
DS1 Receive  
Framer Block  
DS1  
Receive  
Section  
DS1  
Transmit  
Section  
DS1 Transmit  
Framer Block  
DS1 Transmit  
Framer Block  
Simple DS1 System Model  
When the E1 system runs normally, that is, when there is no Loss of Signal (LOS) or Loss of Frame (LOF) de-  
tected in the line, no alarm will be generated. Sometimes, intermittent outburst of electrical noises on the line  
might result in Bipolar Violation or bit errors in the incoming signals, but these errors in general will not trigger  
the equipment to generate alarms. They will at most trigger the framer to generate interrupts which would  
cause the local microprocessor to create performance reports of the line.  
Now, consider a case in which the E1 line from the Repeater to CPE is broken or interrupted, resulting in com-  
pletely loss of incoming data or severely impaired signal quality. Upon detection of Loss of Signal (LOS) or  
Loss of Frame (LOF) condition, the CPE will generate an internal Red Alarm, also known as the Service Alarm  
Indication. This alarm will normally trigger a microprocessor interrupt informing the user that an incoming sig-  
nal failure is happening.  
When the CPE is in the Red Alarm state, it will transmit the Yellow Alarm to the Repeater indicating the loss of  
an incoming signal or loss of frame synchronization. This Yellow Alarm informs the Repeater that there is a  
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problem further down the line and its transmission is not being received at the CPE. Figure ? below illustrates  
the scenario in which the E1 connection from the Repeater to CPE is broken.  
FIGURE 113. GENERATION OF YELLOW ALARM BY THE CPE UPON DETECTION OF LINE FAILURE  
CPE declares Red  
Alarm internally  
CO  
Repeater  
CPE  
Yellow  
Alarm  
DS1  
Transmit  
Section  
DS1  
Receive  
Section  
DS1 Receive  
Framer Block  
DS1 Receive  
Framer Block  
DS1  
Receive  
Section  
DS1  
Transmit  
Section  
DS1 Transmit  
Framer Block  
DS1 Transmit  
Framer Block  
The DS1 line is  
broken  
The Repeater, upon detection of Yellow Alarm originated from the CPE, will transmit a Blue Alarm, also known  
as Alarm Indication Signal (AIS) to the CO. Blue alarm is an all ones pattern indicating that the equipment is  
functioning but unable to offer service due to failures originated from remote side. It is sent such that the equip-  
ment downstream will not lose clock synchronization even though no meaningful data is received. Figure ? be-  
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low illustrates this scenario in which the Repeater is sending an AIS to CO upon detection of Yellow alarm orig-  
inated from the CPE.  
FIGURE 114. GENERATION OF AIS BY THE REPEATER UPON DETECTION OF YELLOW ALARM ORIGINATED BY THE  
CPE  
Repeater detects  
CPE declares Red  
Yellow alarm and  
Alarm internally  
generate AIS to CO  
CO  
Repeater  
CPE  
Yellow  
Alarm  
AIS  
DS1  
Transmit  
Section  
DS1  
Receive  
Section  
DS1 Receive  
Framer Block  
DS1 Receive  
Framer Block  
DS1  
Receive  
Section  
DS1  
Transmit  
Section  
DS1 Transmit  
Framer Block  
DS1 Transmit  
Framer Block  
The DS1 line is  
broken  
Now let us consider another scenario in which the DS1 line between CO and the Repeater is broken. Again,  
upon detection of Loss of Signal (LOS) or Loss of Frame (LOF) condition, the Repeater will generate an inter-  
nal Red Alarm. This alarm will normally trigger a microprocessor interrupt informing the user that an incoming  
signal failure is happening.  
The Repeater will also send an all ones AIS pattern downstream to the CPE. The CPE uses the AIS signal to  
recover received clock and remain in synchronization with the system. Upon detecting the incoming AIS signal,  
the CPE will generate a Yellow Alarm to the Repeater to indicate the loss of incoming signal. Figure ? below il-  
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lustrates this scenario in which the Repeater is sending an AIS to the CPE and the CPE is sending a Yellow  
Alarm back to the Repeater.  
FIGURE 115. GENERATION OF YELLOW ALARM BY THE CPE UPON DETECTION OF AIS ORIGINATED BY THE  
REPEATER  
Repeater declares  
Red Alarm  
internally  
CO  
Repeater  
CPE  
Yellow  
Alarm  
DS1  
Transmit  
Section  
DS1  
Receive  
Section  
DS1 Receive  
Framer Block  
DS1 Receive  
Framer Block  
AIS  
DS1  
Receive  
Section  
DS1  
Transmit  
Section  
DS1 Transmit  
Framer Block  
DS1 Transmit  
Framer Block  
The DS1 line is  
broken  
Repeater detects  
Yellow alarm and  
generate AIS to CO  
9.6.2 How to configure the framer to transmit AIS  
As we discussed in the previous section, Alarm Indication Signal (AIS) or Blue Alarm is transmitted by the inter-  
mediate node to indicate that the equipment is still functioning but unable to offer services. It is an all ones (ex-  
cept for framing bits) pattern which can be used by the equipment further down the line to maintain clock recov-  
ery and timing synchronization.  
The XRT84L38 framer can generate two types of AIS:  
Framed AIS  
Unframed AIS  
Unframed AIS is an all ones pattern. If unframed AIS is sent, the equipment further down the line will be able to  
maintain timing synchronization and be able to recover clock from the received AIS signal. However, due to the  
lack of framing bits, the equipment farther down the line will not be able to maintain frame synchronization and  
will declare Loss of Frame (LOF).  
On the other hand, the payload portion of a framed AIS pattern is all ones. However, a framed AIS pattern still  
has correct framing bits. Therefore, the equipment further down the line can still maintain frame synchroniza-  
tion as well as timing synchronization. In this case, no LOF or Red alarm will be declared.  
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The Transmit Alarm Indication Signal Select [1:0] bits of the Alarm Generation Register (AGR) enable the two  
types of AIS transmission that are supported by the XRT84L38 framer. The table below shows configurations  
of the Transmit Alarm Indication Signal Select [1:0] bits of the Alarm Generation Register (AGR).  
ALARM GENERATION REGISTER (AGR)(INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X08H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
3-2  
Transmit AIS  
Select  
R/W  
These READ/WRITE bit-fields allows the user to choose which one of the  
two AIS pattern supported by the XRT84L38 framer will be transmitted.  
00 - No AIS alarm is generated.  
01 - Enable unframed AIS alarm of all ones pattern.  
10 - Enable framed AIS alarm of all ones pattern except for framing bits.  
11 - No AIS alarm is generated.  
9.6.3 How to configure the framer to generate Red Alarm  
Upon detection of Loss of Signal (LOS) or Loss of Frame (LOF) condition, the Repeater will generate an inter-  
nal Red Alarm when enabled. This alarm will normally trigger a microprocessor interrupt informing the user  
that an incoming signal failure is happening.  
The Loss of Frame Declaration Enable bit of the Alarm Generation Register (AGR) enable the generation of  
Red Alarm. The table below shows configurations of the of Frame Declaration Enable bit of the Alarm Genera-  
tion Register (AGR).  
ALARM GENERATION REGISTER (AGR)(INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X08H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
6
Loss of Frame  
Declaration Enable  
R/W  
This READ/WRITE bit-field permits the framer to declare Red Alarm in  
case of Loss of Frame Alignment (LOF).  
When receiver module of the framer detects Loss of Frame Alignment in  
the incoming data stream, it will generate a Red Alarm. The framer will  
also generate an RxLOFs interrupt to notify the microprocessor that an  
LOF condition is occurred. A Yellow Alarm is then returned to the remote  
transmitter to report that the local receiver detects LOF.  
0 - Red Alarm declaration is disabled.  
1 - Red Alarm declaration is enabled.  
9.6.4 How to configure the framer to transmit Yellow Alarm  
Upon detection of Loss of Signal (LOS) or Loss of Frame (LOF) condition, the receiver will transmit the Yellow  
Alarm back to the source indicating the loss of an incoming signal. This Yellow Alarm informs the source that  
there is a problem further down the line and its transmission is not being received at the destination.  
The XRT84L38 framer supports transmission of Yellow Alarm when running at the following framing formats:  
SF Mode  
ESF Mode  
N Mode  
T1DM Mode  
Yellow alarm is transmitted in different forms for various framing formats. The Yellow Alarm Generation Select  
[1:0] bits of the Alarm Generation Register (AGR) enable transmission of different types of Yellow alarm that  
are supported by the XRT84L38 framer.  
9.6.4.1 Transmit Yellow Alarm in SF Mode  
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In SF mode, the XRT84L38 supports transmission of Yellow Alarm in two ways. When the Yellow Alarm Gener-  
ation Select [1:0] bits of the Alarm Generation Register are set to 01 or 11, the second MSB of all DS0 chan-  
nels is transmitted as zero. This is Yellow Alarm for DS1 standard.  
When the Yellow Alarm Generation Select [1:0] bits of the Alarm Generation Register are set to 10, the Fram-  
ing bit of Frame 12 is transmitted as one. This is Yellow Alarm for J1 standard.  
9.6.4.2 Transmit Yellow Alarm in ESF Mode  
In ESF mode, the XRT84L38 transmits Yellow Alarm on the 4Kbit/s data link channel. The Facility Data Link  
bits are sent in the pattern of eight ones followed by eight zeros. The number of repetitions of this pattern de-  
pends on the duration of Yellow Alarm Generation Select [1:0] bits of the Alarm Generation Register. When  
these select bits are set to 01 or 11, the following scenario will happen:  
1. If Bit 0 of Yellow Alarm Generation Select forms a pulse width shorter or equal to the time required to trans-  
mit 255 patterns on the 4Kbit/s data link, the alarm is transmitted for 255 patterns.  
2. If Bit 0 of Yellow Alarm Generation Select forms a pulse width longer than the time required to transmit 255  
patterns on the 4Kbit/s data link, the alarm continues until Bit 0 goes LOW.  
3. A second pulse on Bit 0 of Yellow Alarm Generation Select during an alarm transmission resets the pattern  
counter. The framer will send another 255 patterns of the Yellow Alarm.  
When these select bits are set to 10, Bit 1 of the Yellow Alarm Generation Select forms a pulse that controls the  
duration of Yellow Alarm transmission. The alarm continues until Bit 1 goes LOW.  
When these select bits are set to 01, the following scenario will happen:  
1. If Bit 0 of Yellow Alarm Generation Select forms a pulse width shorter or equal to the time required to trans-  
mit 255 patterns on the 4Kbit/s data link, the alarm is transmitted for 255 patterns.  
2. If Bit 0 of Yellow Alarm Generation Select forms a pulse width longer than the time required to transmit 255  
patterns on the 4Kbit/s data link, the alarm continues until Bit 0 goes LOW.  
3. A second pulse on Bit 0 of Yellow Alarm Generation Select during an alarm transmission resets the pattern  
counter. The framer will send another 255 patterns of the Yellow Alarm.  
9.6.4.3 Transmit Yellow Alarm in N Mode  
In N mode, when the Yellow Alarm Generation Select [1:0] bits of the Alarm Generation Register are set to 01,  
10 or 11, the second MSB of all DS0 channels is transmitted as zero.  
9.6.4.4 Transmit Yellow Alarm in T1DM Mode  
In T1DM mode, when the Yellow Alarm Generation Select [1:0] bits of the Alarm Generation Register are set to  
01, 10 or 11, the Yellow Alarm bit (the third LSB of Timeslot 23) is set to zero.The table below shows configura-  
tions of the Yellow Alarm Generation Select [1:0] bits of the Alarm Generation Register (AGR).  
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ALARM GENERATION REGISTER (AGR)(INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X08H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
5-4  
Yellow Alarm  
R/W  
00 - Transmission of Yellow Alarm is disabled.  
Generation Select  
01 - The framer transmits Yellow Alarm by converting the second MSB of  
all outgoing twenty-four DS0 channel into zero.  
10 - The framer transmits Yellow Alarm by sending the Super-frame Align-  
ment Bit (Fs) of Frame 12 as one.  
11 - The framer transmits Yellow Alarm by converting the second MSB of  
all outgoing twenty-four DS0 channel into zero.  
N Mode:  
00 - Transmission of Yellow Alarm is disabled.  
01, 10 or 11 - The framer transmits Yellow Alarm by converting the second  
MSB of all outgoing twenty-four DS0 channel into zero.  
ESF Mode:  
When the framer is in ESF mode, it transmits Yellow Alarm pattern of eight  
ones followed by eight zeros (1111_1111_0000_0000) through the 4Kbit/s  
data link bits.  
00 - Transmission of Yellow Alarm is disabled.  
01 - The following scenario will happen:  
1. If Bit 0 of Yellow Alarm Generation Select forms a pulse width  
shorter or equal to the time required to transmit 255 patterns on the  
4Kbit/s data link, the alarm is transmitted for 255 patterns.  
2. If Bit 0 of Yellow Alarm Generation Select forms a pulse width longer  
than the time required to transmit 255 patterns on the 4Kbit/s data  
link, the alarm continues until Bit 0 goes LOW.  
3. A second pulse on Bit 0 of Yellow Alarm Generation Select during  
an alarm transmission resets the pattern counter. The framer will  
send another 255 patterns of the Yellow Alarm.  
10 - Bit 1 of the Yellow Alarm Generation Select forms a pulse that controls  
the duration of Yellow Alarm transmission. The alarm continues until Bit 1  
goes LOW.  
11 - The following scenario will happen:  
1. If Bit 0 of Yellow Alarm Generation Select forms a pulse width  
shorter or equal to the time required to transmit 255 patterns on the  
4Kbit/s data link, the alarm is transmitted for 255 patterns.  
2. If Bit 0 of Yellow Alarm Generation Select forms a pulse width longer  
than the time required to transmit 255 patterns on the 4Kbit/s data  
link, the alarm continues until Bit 0 goes LOW.  
3. A second pulse on Bit 0 of Yellow Alarm Generation Select during  
an alarm transmission resets the pattern counter. The framer will  
send another 255 patterns of the Yellow Alarm.  
T1DM Mode:  
00 - Transmission of Yellow Alarm is disabled.  
01, 10 or 11 - The framer transmits Yellow Alarm by setting the Yellow  
Alarm bit (Y-bit) to zero.  
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10.1 HOW TO CONFIGURE XRT84L38 TO OPERATE IN DS1 MODE  
The XRT84L38 Octal T1/E1/J1 Framer supports DS1, J1 or E1 framing modes. Since J1 standard is very simi-  
lar to DS1 standard with a few minor changes, the J1 framing mode is included as a sub-set of the DS1 framing  
mode. All eight framers within the XRT84L38 silicon can be individually configured to support DS1, J1 or E1  
framing modes.  
NOTE: If transmitting section of one framer is configured to support either one of the framing modes, the receiving section  
is automatically configured to support the same framing modes.  
The T1/E1 Select bit of the Clock Select Register (CSR) controls which framing mode supported by the framer.  
The table below illustrates configurations of the T1/E1 Select bit of the Clock Select Register (CSR).  
CLOCK SELECT REGISTER (CSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X00H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
6
T1/E1 Select  
R/W  
0 - The XRT84L38 framer is running in E1 mode.  
1 - The XRT84L38 framer is running in T1 mode.  
Since J1 and DS1 are two very similar standards, to configure the framer to run in J1 mode, the user has to se-  
lect DS1 mode by setting the T1/E1 Select bit of the Clock Select Register to 1 first.  
The next step is to set the J1 CRC Calculation bit of the Framing Select Register (FSR). If this bit is set to 1, the  
XRT84L38 will do CRC-6 calculation in J1 mode. That is, the CRC-6 calculation is based on the actual values  
of all 4,632 bits in DS1 multi-frame including framing bits. If this bit is set to 0, the XRT84L38 will perform CRC-  
6 calculation in DS1 mode. That is, the CRC-6 calculation is done based on the actual values of 4,608 payload  
bits of a DS1 multi-frame and assumes that all the framing bits are one.  
The table below shows configurations of the J1 CRC Calculation bit of the Framing Select Register (FSR).  
FRAMING SELECT REGISTER (FSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X07H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
5
J1 CRC  
Calculation  
R/W  
In J1 format, CRC-6 calculation is done based on the actual values of all  
payload bits as well as the framing bits.  
In DS1 format, CRC-6 calculation is done based on the payload bits only  
while assuming all the framing bits are one.  
0 - The framer will perform CRC-6 calculation in DS1 format.  
1 - The framer will perform CRC-6 calculation in J1 format. This feature  
permits the driver to comply with J1 standard.  
The table below provides summary of how to select different operating modes for the XRT84L38 framer.  
J1 CRC CALCULATION BIT OF  
T1/E1 SELECT BIT OF CSR  
FSR  
T1  
J1  
E1  
Set to 1  
Set to 1  
Set to 0  
Set to 0  
Set to 1  
-
The purpose of the DS1 Receive Framer block is to accept framed DS1 data from the Receive DS1 LIU Inter-  
face block. The Receive Framer block will identify frame boundary and establish framing alignment synchroni-  
zation of the incoming DS1 frame. The Receive Framer Block will then decode and extract user payload data  
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from received frames Please note that the XRT84L38 has eight (8) individual DS1 Transmit Framer blocks.  
Hence, the following description applies to all eight of these individual Transmit DS1 Framer blocks.  
The purpose of the DS1 Receive Framer block is:  
To identify frame boundary and establish framing alignment synchronization.  
To decode user data, inputted from the Receive DS1 LIU Interface block to the Terminal Equipment.  
To provide individual data control and signaling conditioning of each DS0 channel.  
To support the receiving and extraction of HDLC messages, from the remote receiving terminal.  
To detect error conditions and generate indications and interrupts to notify the user that the local receive  
framer has received error frames from the remote terminal.  
To receive and decode alarm condition indicators from the remote terminal.  
The following sections discuss functionalities of the DS1 Receive Framer block in details.  
10.2 HOW TO CONFIGURE THE FRAMER TO RECEIVE DATA IN VARIOUS DS1 FRAMING FORMATS  
The XRT84L38 Octal T1/E1/J1 Framer supports the following DS1 framing formats:  
Super-Frame format (SF), also referred to as D4 framing  
Extended Super-Frame format (ESF)  
Non-signaling format (N)  
T1DM framing format  
SLC®96 data link framing format, which use the Super-Frame (SF) framing structure  
NOTE: If the framer is configured to receive DS1 frames according to one particular framing format, the transmitting side of  
the framer is also configured to transmit DS1 frames according to the same framing format.  
The user can set the Framing Format Select [2:0] bits of the Framing Select Register (FSR) to determine which  
DS1 framing format should XRT84L38 be configured to operate.  
The table below shows configurations of the Framing Format Select [2:0] bits of the Framing Select Register  
(FSR).  
FRAMING SELECT REGISTER (FSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X07H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
2-0  
T1 Framing Select  
R/W  
These READ/WRITE bit-fields allow the user to select one of the five T1  
framing formats supported by the framer. These framing formats include  
ESF, SLC®96, SF, N and T1DM mode.  
Framing  
Format  
Bit 2  
Bit 1  
Bit 0  
ESF  
0
1
1
1
1
X
0
0
1
1
X
0
1
0
1
SLC®96  
SF  
N
T1DM  
NOTE: Changing of framing format will automatically force the framer to  
perform re-synchronization.  
10.3 HOW TO CONFIGURE THE FRAMER TO APPLY DATA AND SIGNALING CONDITIONING TO RECEIVED DS1 PAY-  
LOAD DATA ON A PER-CHANNEL BASIS  
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The XRT84L38 T1/J1/E1 Octal Framer provides individual control of each of the twenty-four DS0 channels.  
The user can apply data and signaling conditioning to the received DS1 payload data coming from the DS1 LIU  
Receive Block on a per-channel basis.  
The XRT84L38 framer can apply the following changes to the received DS1 payload data coming from the Ter-  
minal Equipment on a per-channel basis:  
All 8 bits of the received payload data are inverted  
The even bits of the received payload data are inverted  
The odd bits of the received payload data are inverted  
The MSB of the received payload data is inverted  
All received payload data except the MSB are inverted  
Configurations of the XRT84L38 framer to apply the above-mentioned changes to the received DS1 PAYLOAD  
data are controlled by the Receive Data Conditioning Select [3:0] bits of the Receive Channel Control Register  
(RCCR) of each DS0 channel.  
The XRT84L38 framer can also replace the incoming DS1 payload data from the DS1 LIU Receive Block with  
pre-defined or user-defined codes. The XRT84L38 supports the following conditioning substitutions:  
BUSY code - an octet with hexadecimal value of 0x7F  
BUSY_TS code - an octet of pattern "111xxxxx" where "xxxxx" represents the timeslot number  
VACANT code - an octet with hexadecimal value of 0xFF  
A-law Digital Milliwatt code  
u-law Digital Milliwatt code  
IDLE code - an octet defined by the value stored in the User IDLE Code Register (UCR)  
MOOF code - MUX-Out-Of-Frame code with hexadecimal value of 0x1A  
PRBS code - an octet generated by the Pseudo-Random Bit Sequence (PRBS) Generator block of the  
framer  
Once again, configuration of the XRT84L38 framer to replace the received DS1 payload data with the above-  
mentioned coding schemes are controlled by the Receive Data Conditioning Select [3:0] bits of the Receive  
Channel Control Register (RCCR) of each DS0 channel.  
Finally, the XRT84L38 framer can configure any one or ones of the twenty-four DS0 channels to be D or E  
channels. D channel is used primarily for data link applications. E channel is used primarily for signaling for cir-  
cuit switching with multiple access configurations.  
The Receive Data Conditioning Select [3:0] bits of the Receive Channel Control Register (RCCR) of each  
channel determine whether that particular channel is configured as D or E channel.  
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The table below illustrates configurations of the Receive Data Conditioning Select [3:0] bits of the Receive  
Channel Control Register (RCCR).  
RECEIVE CHANNEL CONTROL REGISTER (RCCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN2H, 0X60H - 0X7FH)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
3-0  
Receive  
Conditioning  
Select  
R/W  
0000 - The received DS1 payload data of this DS0 channel is unchanged.  
0001 - All 8 bits of the input DS1 payload data of this DS0 channel are  
inverted.  
0010 - The even bits of the input DS1 payload data of this DS0 channel are  
inverted.  
0011 - The odd bits of the input DS1 payload data of this DS0 channel are  
inverted.  
0100 - The input DS1 payload data of this DS0 channel are replaced by  
the octet stored in User IDLE Code Register (UCR).  
0101 - The input DS1 payload data of this DS0 channel are replaced by  
BUSY code (0x7F).  
0110 - The input DS1 payload data of this DS0 channel are replaced by  
VACANT code (0xFF).  
0111 - The input DS1 payload data of this DS0 channel are replaced by  
BUSY_TS code (111xxxxx).  
1000 - The input DS1 payload data of this DS0 channel are replaced by  
MUX-Out-Of-Frame (MOOF) code with value 0x1A.  
1001 - The input DS1 payload data of this DS0 channel are replaced by  
the A-law digital milliwatt pattern.  
1010 - The input DS1 payload data of this DS0 channel are replaced by  
the u-law digital milliwatt pattern.  
1011 - The MSB bit of the input DS1 payload data of this DS0 channel is  
inverted.  
1100 - All bits of the input DS1 payload data of this DS0 channel except  
MSB bit are inverted.  
1101 - The input DS1 payload data of this DS0 channel are replaced by  
PRBS pattern created by the internal PRBS Generator of XRT84L38  
framer.  
1110 - The input DS1 payload data of this DS0 channel is unchanged.  
1111 - This channel is configured as D or E timeslot.  
When the Receive Data Conditioning Select [3:0] bits of the Receive Channel Control Register (RCCR) of a  
particular DS0 channel are set to 0100, the received DS1 payload data of this DS0 channel are replaced by the  
octet stored in the Receive User IDLE Code Register (RUCR). The table below shows contents of the Receive  
User IDLE Code Register.  
RECEIVE USER IDLE CODE REGISTER (UCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN02H, 0X80H - 0X97H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7-0  
User IDLE Code  
R/W  
These READ/WRITE bit-fields permits the user store any value of IDLE  
code into the framer. When the Receive Data Conditioning Select [3:0] bits  
of RCCR register of a particular DS0 channel are set to 0100, the received  
DS1 payload data are replaced by contents of this register and sent to the  
Terminal Equipment.  
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10.4 HOW TO CONFIGURE THE XRT84L38 FRAMER TO APPLY ZERO CODE SUPPRESSION TO RECEIVED DS1 PAY-  
LOAD DATA ON A PER-CHANNEL BASIS  
In order to guarantee adequate clock recovery from the received PCM data, a minimum "ones density" must be  
maintained. In the case of an all zero channel, that is, if all the incoming PCM data of a particular DS0 channel  
from the Terminal Equipment is zero, the raw PCM data is replaced by a certain pattern that no more than fif-  
teen consecutive zeros will occur. It is known as zero code suppression.  
In the receive end, the user needs to know what type of zero code suppression scheme is applied on the re-  
ceiving data. In this way, a correct decoding method or the reverse of zero code suppression can be done to  
extract the payload data from the DS1 LIU Receive Block.  
The XRT84L38 framer supports three types of zero code suppression schemes:  
AT&T Bit 7 Stuffing - an old coding method that forces Bit 7 (the second LSB of a DS0 channel) to a 1 in an  
all zero channel.  
GTE Zero Code Suppression - Bit 8 (the LSB of a DS0 channel) is stuffed by 1 in non-signaling frame in an  
all zero channel. Otherwise, Bit 7 is stuffed by 1 in signaling frame if the signaling bit is zero.  
DDS Zero Code Suppression - an octet with hexadecimal value of 0x98 is used to replace the input data if it  
is all zero.  
The Receive Zero Code Suppression Select [1:0] bits of the Receive Channel Control Register (RCCR) of a  
particular DS0 channel is used to select which type of zero code suppression scheme is applied to the re-  
ceived DS1 payload data. The table below shows configurations of the Receive Zero Code Suppression Select  
[1:0] bits of the Receive Channel Control Register (RCCR).  
RECEIVE CHANNEL CONTROL REGISTER (RCCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN2H, 0X60H - 0X7FH)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
5-4  
Receive Zero Code  
Suppression  
Select  
R/W  
00 - The received DS1 PAYLOAD data of this DS0 channel is unchanged.  
No zero code suppression is used.  
01 - AT&T Bit 7 stuffing is used.  
10 - GTE zero code suppression is used.  
11 - DDS zero code suppression is used.  
10.5 HOW TO CONFIGURE THE XRT84L38 FRAMER TO EXTRACT ROBBED-BIT SIGNALING INFORMATION  
The XRT84L38 T1/J1/E1 Octal Framer supports insertion of Robbed-bit Signaling information into the outgoing  
DS1 frame. It also supports extraction and substitution of Robbed-bit Signaling information from the incoming  
DS1 frame. The following section describes how does the XRT84L38 framer extract and substitute Robbed-bit  
Signaling in DS1 mode.  
10.5.1 Configure the framer to receive and extract Robbed-bit Signaling  
The XRT84L38 framer supports receiving and extraction of Robbed-bit Signaling in ESF, SF and SLC®96  
framing formats. The Receive Signaling Extraction Control [1:0] bits of the Receive Signaling Control Register  
(RSCR) of each channel select either:  
No signaling extraction  
Two-code signaling  
Four-code signaling or  
Sixteen-code signaling  
In SF or SLCâ96 mode, the Receive Signaling Extraction Control [1:0] bits can select no signaling (transpar-  
ent), two-code signaling, or four-code signaling. Two-code signaling decoding is done by stripping the least sig-  
nificant bit (LSB) of the specific channel in frame 6 and 12 and stores it into the Signaling Bit A position of  
RSRA register array. Four-code signaling is done by stripping the LSB of channel data in frame 6 and the LSB  
of channel data in frame 12, and store them into Signaling Bit A and Signaling Bit B position of RSRA register  
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array respectively. If 16-code signaling is selected in SF format, only the Signaling bit A and Signaling Bit B po-  
sitions are filled.  
In ESF mode, the Receive Signaling Extraction Control [1:0] bits can select no signaling (transparent), two-  
code signaling, four-code, or sixteen-code signaling. Two-code signaling decoding is done by stripping the  
least significant bit (LSB) of the specific channel in frame 6, 12, 18 and 24 and stores it into the Signaling Bit A  
position of RSRA register array. Four-code signaling is done by stripping the LSB of channel data in frame 6  
and frame 18 and the LSB of channel data in frame 12 and 24, and store them into Signaling Bit A and Signal-  
ing Bit B position of RSRA register array respectively. Sixteen-code signaling is implemented by stripping the  
LSB of channel data in frames 6, 12, 18, and 24 and stores them into the Signaling Bit A, Signaling Bit B, Sig-  
naling Bit C and Signaling Bit D position of RSRA register array respectively.  
The table below shows configurations of the Receive Signaling Extraction Control [1:0] bits of the Receive Sig-  
naling Control Register.  
RECEIVE SIGNALING CONTROL REGISTER (RSCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN2H, 0XA0H - 0XB7H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
1-0  
Signaling  
Extraction Control  
R/W  
00 - The XRT84L38 framer does not extract signaling information from  
incoming DS1 payload data.  
01 - The XRT84L38 framer extracts sixteen-code signaling information  
from incoming DS1 payload data.  
10 - The XRT84L38 framer extracts four-code signaling information from  
incoming DS1 payload data.  
11 - The XRT84L38 framer extracts two-code signaling information from  
incoming DS1 payload data.  
Upon receiving and extraction of signaling bits from the incoming DS1 frames, the XRT84L38 framer compares  
the signaling bits with the previously received ones. If there is a change of signaling data, a Signaling Update  
(SIG) interrupt request may be generated at the end of a DS1 multi-frame. The user can thus be notified of a  
Change of Signaling Data event.  
To enable the Signaling Update interrupt, the Signaling Change Interrupt Enable bit of the Framer Interrupt En-  
able Register (FIER) has to be set. In addition, the T1/E1 Framer Interrupt Enable bit of the Block Interrupt En-  
able Register (BIER) needs to be one.  
The table below shows configurations of the Signaling Change Interrupt Enable bit of the Framer Interrupt En-  
able Register.  
FRAMER INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER (FIER) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X05H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
5
Signaling Change  
Interrupt Enable  
R/W  
0 - The Signaling Update interrupt is disabled.  
1 - The Signaling Update interrupt is enabled.  
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The table below shows configurations of the T1/E1 Framer Interrupt Enable bit of the Block Interrupt Enable  
Register.  
BLOCK INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER (BIER) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X00H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
1
T1/E1 Framer  
Interrupt Enable  
R/W  
0 - Every interrupt generated by the Framer Interrupt Status Register  
(FISR) is disabled.  
1 - Every interrupt generated by the Framer Interrupt Status Register  
(FISR) is enabled.  
When these interrupt enable bits are set and the signaling information received is changed, the DS1 Receive  
Framer block will set the Signaling Updated status bit of the Framer Interrupt Status Register (FISR) to one.  
This status indicator is valid until the Framer Interrupt Status Register is read. Reading this register clears the  
associated interrupt if Reset-Upon-Read is selected in Interrupt Control Register (ICR). Otherwise, a write-to-  
clear operation by the microprocessor is required to reset these status indicators.  
The table below shows the Signaling Update status bits of the Framer Interrupt Status Register.  
FRAMER INTERRUPT STATUS REGISTER (FISR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X04H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
5
Signaling Updated  
RUR /  
WC  
0 - There is no change of signaling information in the incoming DS1 pay-  
load data.  
1 - There is change of signaling information in the incoming DS1 payload  
data.  
Now, there is only one problem remains. Since there are twenty-four DS0 channels in DS1, how do we know  
signaling information of which channel is changed?  
To solve this problem, the XRT84L38 provides three 8-bit Signaling Change Registers to indicate the chan-  
nel(s) which signaling data change had occurred over the last DS1 multi-frame period. Each bit of the Signaling  
Change Registers represents one timeslot of the DS1 frame. If any particular bit is zero, it means there is no  
change of signaling data occurred in that particular timeslot over the last DS1 multi-frame period. If any partic-  
ular bit is one, it means there is change of signaling data occurred over the last DS1 multi-frame period.  
The table below shows configurations of the Signaling Change Registers.  
SIGNALING CHANGE REGISTERS (SCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X0DH - 0X0FH)  
LOCATION \ BIT  
0XN0H - 0X0DH  
0xn0H - 0x0EH  
0xn0H - 0x0FH  
BIT 7  
CH 0  
Ch 8  
BIT 6  
CH 1  
BIT 5  
CH 2  
BIT 4  
CH 3  
BIT 3  
CH 4  
BIT 2  
CH 5  
BIT 1  
CH 6  
BIT 0  
CH 7  
Ch 9  
Ch 10  
Ch 18  
Ch 11  
Ch 19  
Ch 12  
Ch 20  
Ch 13  
Ch 21  
Ch 14  
Ch 22  
Ch 15  
Ch 23  
Ch 16  
Ch 17  
By reading contents of the Signaling Update status bits of the Framer Interrupt Status Register and the Signal-  
ing Change Registers, the user can clearly identify which one(s) of the twenty-four DS0 channels has changed  
signaling information over the last multi-frame period.  
Depending on configurations of the XRT84L38 framer, the signaling bits can be extracted from the incoming  
DS1 frame and direct to all or any one of the following destinations:  
Signaling data is stored to Receive Signaling Register Array (RSRA) of each channel  
Signaling data is sent to the Terminal Equipment through the Receive Signaling Output pin (RxSig_n)  
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Signaling data is embedded into the output PCM data sending towards the Terminal Equipment through the  
Receive Serial Output pin (RxSer_n)  
The follow sections discuss how to configure the XRT84L38 framer to extract signaling information bits and  
send them to different destinations.  
10.5.1.1 Store Signaling Bits into RSRA Register Array  
The four least significant bits of the Receive Signaling Register Array (RSRA) of each timeslot can be used to  
store received signaling data. The user can read these bits through microprocessor access. If the XRT84L38  
framer is configure to extract signaling bits from incoming DS1 payload data, the DS1 Receive Framer block  
will strip off the least significant bits of signaling frames and store them into appropriate locations of the RSRA.  
The extraction of signaling bit from DS1 PCM data is done on a per-channel basis. The Bit 3 of RSRA register  
is used to hole Signaling bit A. Bit 2 is used to hold Signaling bit B. Bit 1 is used to hold Signaling bit C. Bit 0 is  
used to hold Signaling bit D.  
The table below shows the four least significant bits of the Receive Signaling Register Array.  
RECEIVE SIGNALING REGISTER ARRAY (RSRA) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN4H, 0X00H - 0X17H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
3
Signaling Bit A  
R/W  
This bit is used to store Signaling Bit A that is received and extracted as  
the least significant bit of timeslot of frame number 6.  
2
1
0
Signaling Bit B  
Signaling Bit C  
Signaling Bit D  
R/W  
R/W  
R/W  
This bit is used to store Signaling Bit B that is received and extracted as  
the least significant bit of timeslot of frame number 12.  
This bit is used to store Signaling Bit C that is received and extracted as  
the least significant bit of timeslot of frame number 18.  
This bit is used to store Signaling Bit D that is received and extracted as  
the least significant bit of timeslot of frame number 24.  
10.5.1.2 Outputting Signaling Bits through RxSig_n Pin  
The XRT84L38 framer can be configure to output extracted signaling bits to external equipment through the  
RxSig_n pins. This pin is a multiplexed I/O pin with two functions:  
RxTSb[0]_n - Receive Timeslot Number Bit [0] Output pin  
RxSig_n - Receive Signaling Output pin  
When the Receive Fractional DS1 bit of the Receive Interface Control Register (TICR) is set to 0, this pin is  
configured as RxTSb[0]_n pin, it outputs bit 0 of the timeslot number of the DS1 PCM data that is receiving.  
When the Receive Fractional DS1 bit of the Receive Interface Control Register (TICR) is set to 1, this pin is  
configured as RxSig_n pin, it acts as an output source for the signaling bits to be received in the inbound DS1  
frames.  
The table below shows configurations of the Receive Fractional DS1 bit of the Receive Interface Control Regis-  
ter (TICR).  
RECEIVE INTERFACE CONTROL REGISTER (TICR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X20H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
4
Receive Fractional  
DS1  
R/W  
This READ/WRITE bit-field permits the user to determine which one of the  
two functions the multiplexed I/O pin of RxTSb[0]_n/RxSig_n is spotting.  
0 - This pin is configured as RxTSb[0]_n pin, it outputs bit 0 of the timeslot  
number of the DS1 PCM data that is receiving.  
1 - This pin is configured as RxSig_n pin, it acts as an output source for the  
signaling bits to be received in the inbound DS1 frames  
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Figure 116 below is a timing diagram of the RxSig_n output pin. Please note that the Signaling Bit A of a cer-  
tain timeslot coincides with Bit 3 of the Received serial output data; Signaling Bit B coincides with Bit 2 of the  
Received serial output data; Signaling Bit C coincides with Bit 1 of the Received serial output data and Signal-  
ing Bit D coincides with Bit 0 of the Received serial output data.  
FIGURE 116. TIMING DIAGRAM OF THE RXSIG_N OUTPUT PIN  
Timeslot 0  
Timeslot 5  
Timeslot 6  
Input Data  
Timeslot 16  
Input Data  
RxSerClk  
RxSer  
RxSig  
A B C D  
A B C D  
A B C D  
A B C D  
The Receive Signaling Output Enable bit of the Receive Signaling Control Register (RSCR) determines wheth-  
er the extracted signaling bits will be sent through the Receive Signaling Output pin (RxSig_n) to external  
equipments. The table below shows configurations of the Receive Signaling Output Enable bit of the Receive  
Signaling Control Register.  
RECEIVE SIGNALING CONTROL REGISTER (RSCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN2H, 0XA0H - 0XB7H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
5
Receive Signaling  
Output Enable  
R/W  
0 - The XRT84L38 framer will not send extracted signaling bits from the  
incoming DS1 payload data to external equipment through the Receive  
Signaling Output pin (RxSig_n).  
1 - The XRT84L38 framer will send extracted signaling bits from the incom-  
ing DS1 payload data to external equipment through the Receive Signaling  
Output pin (RxSig_n).  
10.5.1.3 Send Signaling Data through RxSer_n Pin  
As mentioned in the above sections, signaling information embedded in the incoming DS1 PCM data can be  
sent to either the RSRA register array and/or sent through the Receive Signaling Output pin, at the same time,  
the signaling data will be directed to the Receive Serial Data Output pin together with other incoming DS1 pay-  
load data. The external equipment can thus still extract signaling data from the received DS1 payload data sep-  
arately.  
10.5.1.4 Signaling Data Substitution  
After channel conditioning, the signaling conditioning can be optionally enabled by the RSCR registers. The ac-  
tual signaling bits in each channel can be replaced either with all ones or with signaling bits stored in the Re-  
ceive Substitution Signaling Register (RSSR). To enable signaling substitution, the Receive Signaling Substitu-  
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tion Enable bit of the Receive Signaling Control Register (RSCR) has to be set to one. The table below shows  
configuration of the Receive Signaling Substitution Enable bit of the Receive Signaling Control Register.  
RECEIVE SIGNALING CONTROL REGISTER (RSCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN2H, 0XA0H - 0XB7H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
6
Receive Signaling  
Substitution  
Enable  
R/W  
0 - Signaling Substitution is disabled. The XRT84L38 framer will not  
replace extracted signaling bits from the incoming DS1 payload data with  
all ones or with signaling bits stored in RSSR registers.  
1 - Signaling Substitution is enabled. The XRT84L38 framer will replace  
extracted signaling bits from the incoming DS1 payload data with all ones  
or with signaling bits stored in RSSR registers.  
As mentioned before, the actual signaling bits in each channel can be replaced either with all ones or with sig-  
naling bits stored in the Receive Substitution Signaling Register (RSSR). The table below shows configurations  
of the Receive Substitution Signaling Register.  
RECEIVE SUBSTITUTION SIGNALING REGISTER (RSSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN02H, 0X80H -  
0X97H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7-4  
3
Reserved  
R/W  
SIG16-A  
SIG4-A  
SIG2-A  
Sixteen-Code Signaling bit A  
Four-Code Signaling bit A  
Two-Code Signaling bit A  
2
1
0
SIG16-B  
SIG4-B  
SIG2-A  
Sixteen-Code Signaling bit B  
Four-Code Signaling bit B  
Two-Code Signaling bit A  
SIG16-C  
SIG4-A  
SIG2-A  
Sixteen-Code Signaling bit C  
Four-Code Signaling bit A  
Two-Code Signaling bit A  
SIG16-D  
SIG4-B  
SIG2-A  
Sixteen-Code Signaling bit D  
Four-Code Signaling bit B  
Two-Code Signaling bit A  
In SF or SLC®96 mode, the Receive Signaling Substitution Control [1:0] bits can select all ones substitution,  
two-code signaling substitution, or four-code signaling substitution. The XRT84L38 framer can substitute re-  
ceived signaling bits with all ones. Two-code signaling substitution is done by substituting the least significant  
bit (LSB) of the specific channel in frame 6 and 12 with the content of the SIG2-A bit of the Receive Substitu-  
tion Signaling Register (RSSR). Four-code signaling substitution is done by substituting the LSB of channel da-  
ta in frame 6 with the SIG4-A bit and the LSB of channel data in frame 12 with the SIG4-B bit of the RSSR reg-  
ister. If 16-code signaling substitution is selected in SF format, only the SIG16-A bit and SIG16-B bit are used.  
In ESF mode, the Receive Signaling Substitution Control [1:0] bits can select all ones substitution, two-code  
signaling substitution, four-code signaling substitution, or sixteen-code signaling. The XRT84L38 framer can  
substitute received signaling bits with all ones. Two-code signaling substitution is done by substituting the LSB  
of the specific channel in frame 6, 12, 18, and 24 with the content of the SIG2-A bit of the register. Four-code  
signaling substitution is done by substituting the LSB of channel data in frames 6 and 18 with the SIG4-A bit  
and the LSB of channel data in frames 12 and 24 with the SIG4-B bit of the RSSR register. Sixteen-code sig-  
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naling substitution is implemented by substituting the LSB of channel data in frames 6, 12, 18, and 24 with the  
content of SIG16-A, SIG16-B, SIG16-C, and SIG16-D bits of RSSR register respectively.  
The table below shows configurations of the Receive Signaling Substitution Control [1:0] bits of the Receive  
Signaling Control Register.  
RECEIVE SIGNALING CONTROL REGISTER (RSCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN2H, 0X40H - 0X57H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
3-2  
Receive Signaling  
Substitution  
Control  
R/W  
00 - The received signaling bits are replaced by all ones and send to the  
external equipment.  
01 - Two-code signaling substitution is applied to the received signaling  
bits. The replaced signaling information is sent to the external equipment.  
10 - Four-code signaling substitution is applied to the received signaling  
bits. The replaced signaling information is sent to the external equipment.  
11 - Sixteen-code signaling substitution is applied to the received signaling  
bits. The replaced signaling information is sent to the external equipment.  
NOTE: In SF mode, this option is disabled.  
10.6 HOW TO CONFIGURE THE FRAMER TO DETECT ALARMS AND ERROR CONDITIONS  
The XRT84L38 T1/J1/E1 Octal Framer can be configured to monitor quality of received DS1 frames. It can  
generate error indicators if the local receive framer has received error frames from the remote terminal. If cor-  
responding interrupt is enabled, the local microprocessor operation is interrupted by these error conditions. Up-  
on microprocessor interruption, the user can intervene by looking into the error conditions.  
At the same time, the user can configure the XRT84L38 framer to transmit alarms and error indications to re-  
mote terminal. Different alarms and error indications will be transmitted depending on the error condition.  
The section below gives a brief discussion of the error conditions that can be detected by the XRT84L38 framer  
and error indications that will be generated.  
10.6.1 How to configure the framer to detect AIS Alarm  
As we discussed before, transmission of Alarm Indication Signal (AIS) or Blue Alarm by the intermediate node  
indicates that the equipment is still functioning but unable to offer services. It is an all ones (except for framing  
bits) pattern which can be used by the equipment further down the line to maintain clock recovery and timing  
synchronization.  
The XRT84L38 framer can detect two types of AIS in DS1 mode:  
Framed AIS  
Unframed AIS  
Unframed AIS is an all ones pattern. If unframed AIS is sent, the equipment further down the line will be able to  
maintain timing synchronization and be able to recover clock from the received AIS signal. However, due to the  
lack of framing bits, the equipment farther down the line will not be able to maintain frame synchronization and  
will declare Loss of Frame (LOF).  
On the other hand, the payload portion of a framed AIS pattern is all ones. However, a framed AIS pattern still  
has correct framing bits. Therefore, the equipment further down the line can still maintain frame synchroniza-  
tion as well as timing synchronization. In this case, no LOF or Red alarm will be declared.  
The Alarm indication logic within the Receive Framer block of the XRT84L38 framer monitors the incoming  
DS1 frames for AIS. AIS alarm condition are detected and declared according to the following procedure:  
1. The incoming DS1 frames are monitored for AIS detection. AIS detection is defined as an unframed or  
framed pattern with less than three zeros in two consecutive frames.  
2. An AIS detection counter within the Receive Framer block of the XRT84L38 counts the occurrences of AIS  
detection over a 6 ms interval. It will indicate a valid AIS flag when twenty-two or more of a possible twenty-  
four AIS are detected.  
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3. Each 6 ms interval with a valid AIS flag increments a flag counter which declares AIS alarm when 255 valid  
flags have been collected.  
Therefore, AIS condition has to be persisted for 1.53 seconds before AIS alarm condition is declared by the  
XRT84L38 framer.  
If there is no valid AIS flag over a 6ms interval, the Alarm indication logic will decrement the flag counter. The  
AIS alarm is removed when the counter reaches 0. That is, AIS alarm will be removed if over 1.53 seconds,  
there is no valid AIS flag.  
The Alarm Indication Signal Detection Select [1:0] bits of the Alarm Generation Register (AGR) enable the two  
types of AIS detection that are supported by the XRT84L38 framer. The table below shows configurations of  
the Alarm Indication Signal Detection Select [1:0] bits of the Alarm Generation Register (AGR).  
ALARM GENERATION REGISTER (AGR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X08H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
1-0  
AIS Detection  
Select  
R/W  
00 - AIS alarm detection is disabled.When this bit is set to 01:Detection of  
unframed AIS alarm of all ones pattern is enabled.  
10 - AIS alarm detection is disabled.When this bit is set to 00:Detection of  
framed AIS alarm of all ones pattern except for framing bits is enabled.  
If detection of unframed or framed AIS alarm is enabled by the user and if AIS is present in the incoming DS1  
frame, the XRT84L38 framer can generate a Receive AIS State Change interrupt associated with the setting of  
Receive AIS State Change bit of the Alarm and Error Status Register to one.  
To enable the Receive AIS State Change interrupt, the Receive AIS State Change Interrupt Enable bit of the  
Alarm and Error Interrupt Enable Register (AEIER) have to be set to one. In addition, the Alarm and Error Inter-  
rupt Enable bit of the Block Interrupt Enable Register (BIER) needs to be one.  
The table below shows configurations of the Receive AIS State Change Interrupt Enable bit of the Alarm and  
Error Interrupt Enable Register (AEIER).  
ALARM AND ERROR INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER (AEIER) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X03H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
1
Receive AIS State  
Change Interrupt  
Enable  
R/W  
0 - The Receive AIS State Change interrupt is disabled.  
1 - The Receive AIS State Change interrupt is enabled.  
The table below shows configurations of the Alarm and Error Interrupt Enable bit of the Block Interrupt Enable  
Register.  
BLOCK INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER (BIER) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X01H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
1
Alarm and Error  
Interrupt Enable  
R/W  
0 - Every interrupt generated by the Alarm and Error Interrupt Status Reg-  
ister (AEISR) is disabled.  
1 - Every interrupt generated by the Alarm and Error Interrupt Status Reg-  
ister (AEISR) is enabled.  
When these interrupt enable bits are set and AIS is present in the incoming DS1 frame, the XRT84L38 framer  
will declare AIS by doing the following:  
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Set the read-only Receive AIS State bit of the Alarm and Error Status Register (AESR) to one indicating  
there is AIS alarm detected in the incoming DS1 frame.  
Set the Receive AIS State Change bit of the Alarm and Error Status Register to one indicating there is a  
change in state of AIS. This status indicator is valid until the Framer Interrupt Status Register is read.  
Reading this register clears the associated interrupt if Reset-Upon-Read is selected in Interrupt Control Regis-  
ter (ICR). Otherwise, a write-to-clear operation by the microprocessor is required to reset these status indica-  
tors.  
The table below shows the Receive AIS State Change status bits of the Alarm and Error Status Register.  
ALARM AND ERROR STATUS REGISTER (AESR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X02H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
1
Receive AIS State  
Change  
RUR /  
WC  
0 - There is no change of AIS state in the incoming DS1 payload data.  
1 - There is change of AIS state in the incoming DS1 payload data.  
The Receive AIS State bit of the Alarm and Error Status Register (AESR), on the other hand, is a read-only bit  
indicating there is AIS alarm detected in the incoming DS1 frame.  
The table below shows the Receive AIS State status bits of the Alarm and Error Status Register.  
ALARM AND ERROR STATUS REGISTER (AESR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X02H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
6
Receive AIS State  
R
0 - There is no AIS alarm condition detected in the incoming DS1 payload  
data.  
1 - There is AIS alarm condition detected in the incoming DS1 payload  
data.  
10.6.2 How to configure the framer to detect Red Alarm  
The Alarm indication logic within the Receive Framer block of the XRT84L38 framer monitors the incoming  
DS1 frames for red alarm or Loss of Frame (LOF) condition. Red alarm condition are detected and declared  
according to the following procedure:  
1. The red alarm is detected by monitoring the occurrence of Loss of Frame (LOF) over a 6 ms interval.  
2. An LOF valid flag will be posted on the interval when one or more LOF occurred during the interval.  
3. Each interval with a valid LOF flag increments a flag counter which declares RED alarm when 63 valid  
intervals have been accumulated.  
4. An interval without valid LOF flag decrements the flag counter. The Red alarm is removed when the  
counter reaches zero.  
If LOF condition is present in the incoming DS1 frame, the XRT84L38 framer can generate a Receive Red  
Alarm State Change interrupt associated with the setting of Receive Red Alarm State Change bit of the Alarm  
and Error Status Register to one.  
To enable the Receive Red Alarm State Change interrupt, the Receive Red Alarm State Change Interrupt En-  
able bit of the Alarm and Error Interrupt Enable Register (AEIER) has to be set to one. In addition, the Alarm  
and Error Interrupt Enable bit of the Block Interrupt Enable Register (BIER) needs to be one.  
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The table below shows configurations of the Receive Red Alarm State Change Interrupt Enable bit of the Alarm  
and Error Interrupt Enable Register (AEIER).  
ALARM AND ERROR INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER (AEIER) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X03H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
2
ReceiveRedAlarm  
State Change  
Interrupt Enable  
R/W  
0 - The Receive Red Alarm State Change interrupt is disabled. No Receive  
Loss of Frame (RxLOF) interrupt will be generated upon detection of LOF  
condition.  
1 - The Receive Red Alarm State Change interrupt is enabled. Receive  
Loss of Frame (RxLOF) interrupt will be generated upon detection of LOF  
condition.  
The table below shows configurations of the Alarm and Error Interrupt Enable bit of the Block Interrupt Enable  
Register.  
BLOCK INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER (BIER) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X01H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
1
Alarm and Error  
Interrupt Enable  
R/W  
0 - Every interrupt generated by the Alarm and Error Interrupt Status Reg-  
ister (AEISR) is disabled.  
1 - Every interrupt generated by the Alarm and Error Interrupt Status Reg-  
ister (AEISR) is enabled.  
When these interrupt enable bits are set and Red Alarm is present in the incoming DS1 frame, the XRT84L38  
framer will declare Red Alarm by doing the following:  
Set the read-only Receive Red Alarm State bit of the Alarm and Error Status Register (AESR) to one indicat-  
ing there is Red Alarm detected in the incoming DS1 frame.  
Set the Receive Red Alarm State Change bit of the Alarm and Error Status Register to one indicating there is  
a change in state of Red Alarm. This status indicator is valid until the Framer Interrupt Status Register is  
read.  
Reading this register clears the associated interrupt if Reset-Upon-Read is selected in Interrupt Control Regis-  
ter (ICR). Otherwise, a write-to-clear operation by the microprocessor is required to reset these status indica-  
tors.  
The table below shows the Receive Red Alarm State Change status bits of the Alarm and Error Status Regis-  
ter.  
ALARM AND ERROR STATUS REGISTER (AESR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X02H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
2
ReceiveRedAlarm  
State Change  
RUR /  
WC  
0 - There is no change of Red Alarm state in the incoming DS1 payload  
data.  
1 - There is change of Red Alarm state in the incoming DS1 payload data.  
The Receive Red Alarm State bit of the Alarm and Error Status Register (AESR), on the other hand, is a read-  
only bit indicating there is Red Alarm detected in the incoming DS1 frame.  
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The table below shows the Receive Red Alarm State status bits of the Alarm and Error Status Register.  
ALARM AND ERROR STATUS REGISTER (AESR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X02H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7
ReceiveRedAlarm  
State  
R
0 - There is no Red Alarm condition detected in the incoming DS1 payload  
data.  
1 - There is Red Alarm condition detected in the incoming DS1 payload  
data.  
10.6.3 How to configure the framer to detect Yellow Alarm  
The Alarm indication logic within the Receive Framer block of the XRT84L38 framer monitors the incoming  
DS1 frames for Yellow Alarm condition. The yellow alarm is detected and declared according to the following  
procedure:  
1. Monitor the occurrence of Yellow Alarm pattern over a 6 ms interval. A YEL valid flag will be posted on the  
interval when Yellow Alarm pattern occurred during the interval.  
2. Each interval with a valid YEL flag increments a flag counter which declares YEL alarm when 80 valid  
intervals have been accumulated.  
3. An interval without valid YEL flag decrements the flag counter. The YEL alarm is removed when the  
counter reaches zero.  
If Yellow Alarm condition is present in the incoming DS1 frame, the XRT84L38 framer can generate a Receive  
Yellow Alarm State Change interrupt associated with the setting of Receive Yellow Alarm State Change bit of  
the Alarm and Error Status Register to one.  
To enable the Receive Yellow Alarm State Change interrupt, the Receive Yellow Alarm State Change Interrupt  
Enable bit of the Alarm and Error Interrupt Enable Register (AEIER) has to be set to one. In addition, the Alarm  
and Error Interrupt Enable bit of the Block Interrupt Enable Register (BIER) needs to be one.  
The table below shows configurations of the Receive Yellow Alarm State Change Interrupt Enable bit of the  
Alarm and Error Interrupt Enable Register (AEIER).  
ALARM AND ERROR INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER (AEIER) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X03H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
0
Receive Yellow  
Alarm State  
Change Interrupt  
Enable  
R/W  
0 - The Receive Yellow Alarm State Change interrupt is disabled. Any state  
change of Receive Yellow Alarm will not generate an interrupt.  
1 - The Receive Yellow Alarm State Change interrupt is enabled. Any state  
change of Receive Yellow Alarm will generate an interrupt.  
The table below shows configurations of the Alarm and Error Interrupt Enable bit of the Block Interrupt Enable  
Register.  
BLOCK INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER (BIER) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X01H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
1
Alarm and Error  
Interrupt Enable  
R/W  
0 - Every interrupt generated by the Alarm and Error Interrupt Status Reg-  
ister (AEISR) is disabled.  
1 - Every interrupt generated by the Alarm and Error Interrupt Status Reg-  
ister (AEISR) is enabled.  
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When these interrupt enable bits are set and Yellow Alarm is present in the incoming DS1 frame, the  
XRT84L38 framer will declare Yellow Alarm by doing the following:  
Set the read-only Receive Yellow Alarm State bit of the Alarm and Error Status Register (AESR) to one indi-  
cating there is Yellow Alarm detected in the incoming DS1 frame.  
Set the Receive Yellow Alarm State Change bit of the Alarm and Error Status Register to one indicating there  
is a change in state of Yellow Alarm. This status indicator is valid until the Framer Interrupt Status Register is  
read.  
Reading this register clears the associated interrupt if Reset-Upon-Read is selected in Interrupt Control Regis-  
ter (ICR). Otherwise, a write-to-clear operation by the microprocessor is required to reset these status indica-  
tors.  
The table below shows the Receive Yellow Alarm State Change status bits of the Alarm and Error Status Reg-  
ister.  
ALARM AND ERROR STATUS REGISTER (AESR)(INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X02H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
0
Receive Yellow  
Alarm State  
Change  
RUR /  
WC  
0 - There is no change of Yellow Alarm state in the incoming DS1 payload  
data.  
1 - There is change of Yellow Alarm state in the incoming DS1 payload  
data.  
The table below shows the Receive AIS State Change status bits of the Alarm and Error Status Register.  
The Receive Yellow Alarm State bit of the Alarm and Error Status Register (AESR), on the other hand, is a  
read-only bit indicating there is Yellow Alarm detected in the incoming DS1 frame.  
The table below shows the Receive Yellow Alarm State status bits of the Alarm and Error Status Register.  
ALARM AND ERROR STATUS REGISTER (AESR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X02H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
5
Receive Yellow  
Alarm State  
R
0 - There is no Yellow Alarm condition detected in the incoming DS1 pay-  
load data.  
1 - There is Yellow Alarm condition detected in the incoming DS1 payload  
data.  
10.6.4 How to configure the framer to detect Bipolar Violation  
The line coding for the DS1 signal should be bipolar. That is, a binary "0" is transmitted as zero volts while a bi-  
nary "1" is transmitted as either a positive or negative pulse, opposite in polarity to the previous pulse. A Bipo-  
lar Violation or BPV occurs when the alternate polarity rule is violated. The Alarm indication logic within the Re-  
ceive Framer block of the XRT84L38 framer monitors the incoming DS1 frames for Bipolar Violations.  
If a Bipolar Violation is present in the incoming DS1 frame, the XRT84L38 framer can generate a Receive Bipo-  
lar Violation interrupt associated with the setting of Receive Bipolar Violation bit of the Alarm and Error Status  
Register to one.  
To enable the Receive Bipolar Violation interrupt, the Receive Bipolar Violation Interrupt Enable bit of the Alarm  
and Error Interrupt Enable Register (AEIER) has to be set to one. In addition, the Alarm and Error Interrupt En-  
able bit of the Block Interrupt Enable Register (BIER) needs to be one.  
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The table below shows configurations of the Receive Bipolar Violation Interrupt Enable bit of the Alarm and Er-  
ror Interrupt Enable Register (AEIER).  
ALARM AND ERROR INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER (AEIER) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X03H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
3
Receive Bipolar  
Violation Interrupt  
Enable  
R/W  
0 - The Receive Bipolar Violation interrupt is disabled. Occurrence of one  
or more bipolar violations will not generate an interrupt.  
1 - The Receive Bipolar Violation interrupt is enabled. Occurrence of one  
or more bipolar violations will generate an interrupt.  
The table below shows configurations of the Alarm and Error Interrupt Enable bit of the Block Interrupt Enable  
Register.  
BLOCK INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER (BIER) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X01H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
1
Alarm and Error  
Interrupt Enable  
R/W  
0 - Every interrupt generated by the Alarm and Error Interrupt Status Reg-  
ister (AEISR) is disabled.  
1 - Every interrupt generated by the Alarm and Error Interrupt Status Reg-  
ister (AEISR) is enabled.  
When these interrupt enable bits are set and one or more Bipolar Violations are present in the incoming DS1  
frame, the XRT84L38 framer will declare Receive Bipolar Violation by doing the following:  
Set the Receive Bipolar Violation bit of the Alarm and Error Status Register to one indicating there are one or  
more Bipolar Violations. This status indicator is valid until the Framer Interrupt Status Register is read.  
Reading this register clears the associated interrupt if Reset-Upon-Read is selected in Interrupt Control Regis-  
ter (ICR). Otherwise, a write-to-clear operation by the microprocessor is required to reset these status indica-  
tors.  
The table below shows the Receive Bipolar Violation status bits of the Alarm and Error Status Register.  
ALARM AND ERROR STATUS REGISTER (AESR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X02H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
3
Receive Bipolar  
Violation State  
Change  
RUR /  
WC  
0 - There is no change of Bipolar Violation state in the incoming DS1 pay-  
load data.  
1 - There is change of Bipolar Violation state in the incoming DS1 payload  
data.  
10.6.5 How to configure the framer to detect Loss of Signal  
A Loss of Signal or LOS occurs when neither RPOS nor RNEG inputs of the framer receives a high level input  
for 32 consecutive bit times. The Alarm indication logic within the Receive Framer block of the XRT84L38 fram-  
er monitors the incoming DS1 frames for Loss of Signal conditions. If used in conjunction with EXAR LIUs, for  
example, the XRT83L3x family, the XRT84L38 framer also declares LOS when the Receive LOS (RxLOS) in-  
put pin is pulled HIGH.  
The removal of LOS condition is through detection of 12.5% ones over 32 consecutive bits. In the other words,  
XRT84L38 framer will remove LOS alarm when there is no 4 consecutive zeros received.  
NOTE: The implementation of LOS detection and removal only apply to B8ZS coded bipolar inputs.  
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If Loss of Signal condition is present in the incoming DS1 frame, the XRT84L38 framer can generate a Receive  
Loss of Signal interrupt associated with the setting of Receive Loss of Signal bit of the Alarm and Error Status  
Register to one.  
To enable the Receive Loss of Signal interrupt, the Receive Loss of Signal Interrupt Enable bit of the Alarm and  
Error Interrupt Enable Register (AEIER) has to be set to one. In addition, the Alarm and Error Interrupt Enable  
bit of the Block Interrupt Enable Register (BIER) needs to be one.  
The table below shows configurations of the Receive Loss of Signal Interrupt Enable bit of the Alarm and Error  
Interrupt Enable Register (AEIER).  
ALARM AND ERROR INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER (AEIER) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X03H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
4
Receive Loss of  
Signal Interrupt  
Enable  
R/W  
0 - The Receive Loss of Signal interrupt is disabled. Occurrence of Loss of  
Signals will not generate an interrupt.  
1 - The Receive Loss of Signal interrupt is enabled. Occurrence of Loss of  
Signals will generate an interrupt.  
The table below shows configurations of the Alarm and Error Interrupt Enable bit of the Block Interrupt Enable  
Register.  
BLOCK INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER (BIER) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X01H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
1
Alarm and Error  
Interrupt Enable  
R/W  
0 - Every interrupt generated by the Alarm and Error Interrupt Status Reg-  
ister (AEISR) is disabled.  
1 - Every interrupt generated by the Alarm and Error Interrupt Status Reg-  
ister (AEISR) is enabled.  
When these interrupt enable bits are set and one or more Loss of Signals are present in the incoming DS1  
frame, the XRT84L38 framer will declare Receive Loss of Signal by doing the following:  
Set the Receive Loss of Signal bit of the Alarm and Error Status Register to one indicating there is one or  
more Loss of Signals. This status indicator is valid until the Framer Interrupt Status Register is read.  
Reading this register clears the associated interrupt if Reset-Upon-Read is selected in Interrupt Control Regis-  
ter (ICR). Otherwise, a write-to-clear operation by the microprocessor is required to reset these status indica-  
tors.  
The table below shows the Receive Loss of Signal status bits of the Alarm and Error Status Register.  
ALARM AND ERROR STATUS REGISTER (AESR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X02H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
4
Receive Loss of  
Signal State  
RUR /  
WC  
0 - There is no change of Loss of Signal state in the incoming DS1 payload  
data.  
1 - There is change of Loss of Signal state in the incoming DS1 payload  
data.  
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11.0 E1 TRANSMIT FRAMER BLOCK  
11.1 HOW TO CONFIGURE XRT84L38 TO OPERATE IN E1 MODE  
The XRT84L38 Octal T1/E1/J1 Framer supports DS1, J1 or E1 framing modes. Since J1 standard is very simi-  
lar to DS1 standard with a few minor changes, the J1 framing mode is included as a sub-set of the DS1 framing  
mode. All eight framers within the XRT84L38 silicon can be individually configured to support DS1, J1 or E1  
framing modes.  
NOTE: If transmitting section of one framer is configured to support either one of the framing modes, the receiving section  
is automatically configured to support the same framing modes.  
The T1/E1 Select bit of the Clock Select Register (CSR) controls which framing mode, that is, T1/J1 or E1, sup-  
ported by the framer. The table below illustrates configurations of the T1/E1 Select bit of the Clock Select Reg-  
ister (CSR).  
CLOCK SELECT REGISTER (CSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X00H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
6
T1/E1 Select  
R/W  
0 - The XRT84L38 framer is running in E1 mode.  
1 - The XRT84L38 framer is running in T1 mode.  
The purpose of the E1 Transmit Framer block is to embed and encode user payload data into frames and to  
route this E1 frame data to the Transmit E1 LIU Interface block. Please note that the XRT84L38 has eight (8)  
individual E1 Transmit Framer blocks. Hence, the following description applies to all eight of these individual  
Transmit E1 Framer blocks.  
The purpose of the E1 Transmit Framer block is:  
To encode user data, inputted from the Terminal Equipment into a standard framing format.  
To provide individual data control and signaling conditioning of each DS0 channel.  
To support the transmission of HDLC messages, from the local transmitting terminal, to the remote receiving  
terminal.  
To transmit indications that the local receive framer has received error frames from the remote terminal.  
To transmit alarm condition indicators to the remote terminal.  
The following sections discuss the functionalities of E1 Transmit Framer block in detail. We will also describe  
how to configure the XRT84L38 to transmit E1 frames according to system requirement of users.  
11.2 HOW TO CONFIGURE THE FRAMER TO TRANSMIT AND RECEIVE DATA IN E1 FRAMING FORMAT  
The XRT84L38 Octal T1/E1/J1 Framer is designed to meet the requirement of ITU-T Recommendation G.704.  
The E1 framer supports the following:  
Frame Alignment Signal (FAS)  
CRC-4 Multi-frame  
The ITU-T Recommendation G.704 also specifies two forms of signaling that can be supported by the E1  
Transport medium:  
Channel Associated Signaling (CAS)  
Common Channel Signaling (CCS)  
The XRT84L38 framer supports both CAS, CCS signaling format together with Clear Channel without signal-  
ing.  
11.2.1 How to configure the framer to choose FAS searching algorithm  
The XRT84L38 framer can use two algorithms to search for FAS pattern and thus declare FAS alignment syn-  
chronization. The FAS Selection bit of the Framing Select Register (FSR) allows the user to choose which one  
of the two algorithms for searching FAS frame alignment.  
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The table below shows configurations of the FAS Selection bit of the Framing Select Register (FSR).  
FRAMING SELECT REGISTER (FSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X07H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
0
FAS Selection bit  
R/W  
This Read/Write bit field allows the user to determine which algorithm is  
used for searching FAS frame alignment pattern. When an FAS alignment  
pattern is found and locked, the XRT84L38 will generate Receive Synchro-  
nization (RxSync_n) pulse.  
0 - Algorithm 1 is selected for searching FAS frame alignment pattern.  
1 - Algorithm 2 is selected for searching FAS frame alignment pattern.  
11.2.2 How to configure the framer to enable CRC-4 Multi-frame alignment and select the locking cri-  
teria  
The CRC-4 Selection [1:0] bits of the Framing Select Register (FSR) enable the framer to search for CRC-4  
Multi-frame alignment and select the criteria for locking the CRC-4 Multi-frame alignment.  
The table below shows configurations of the CRC-4 Selection [1:0] bit of the Framing Select Register (FSR).  
FRAMING SELECT REGISTER (FSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X07H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
3-2  
CRC-4 Selection  
bit  
R/W  
Theses Read/Write bit fields allow the user to enable searching of CRC-4  
Multi-frame alignment and determine what criteria are used for locking the  
CRC-4 Multi-frame alignment pattern.  
00 - Searching of CRC-4 Multi-frame alignment is disabled. The  
XRT84L38 framer will not search for CRC-4 Multi-frame alignment and  
thus will not declare CRC-4 Multi-frame synchronization. No Receive  
CRC-4 Multi-frame Synchronization (RxCRCMsync_n) pulse will be gener-  
ated by the framer.  
01 - Searching of CRC-4 Multi-frame alignment is enabled. The XRT84L38  
will search for and declare CRC-4 Multi-frame synchronization if:At least  
one valid CRC-4 Multi-frame alignment signal is observed within 8 ms.  
10 - Searching of CRC-4 Multi-frame alignment is enabled. The XRT84L38  
will search for and declare CRC-4 Multi-frame synchronization if:At least  
two valid CRC-4 Multi-frame alignment signals are observed within 8 ms.  
The time separating two CRC-4 Multi-frame alignment signals is multiple  
of 2 ms.  
11 - Searching of CRC-4 Multi-frame alignment is enabled. The XRT84L38  
will search for and declare CRC-4 Multi-frame synchronization if:At least  
three valid CRC-4 Multi-frame alignment signals are observed within 8 ms.  
The time separating two CRC-4 Multi-frame alignment signals is multiple  
of 2 ms.  
11.2.3 How to configure the framer to enable CAS Multi-frame alignment  
The XRT84L38 framer can use two algorithms to search for CAS Multi-frame alignment pattern. Upon detect-  
ing of CAS Multi-frame alignment pattern, the framer will declare CAS Multi-frame alignment synchronization  
and generate the Receive CAS Multi-frame synchronization pulse (RxCASMsync_n). The CAS Selection [1:0]  
bits of the Framing Select Register (FSR) enable the framer to search for CAS Multi-frame alignment.  
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The table below shows configurations of the CAS Selection [1:0] bit of the Framing Select Register (FSR).  
FRAMING SELECT REGISTER (FSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X07H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
5-4  
CAS Selection bit  
R/W  
These Read/Write bit fields allow the user to enable searching of CAS  
Multi-frame alignment and determine which algorithm of the two are used  
for locking the CAS Multi-frame alignment pattern.  
00 - Searching of CAS Multi-frame alignment is disabled. The XRT84L38  
framer will not search for CAS Multi-frame alignment and thus will not  
declare CAS Multi-frame synchronization. No Receive CAS Multi-frame  
Synchronization (RxCRCMsync_n) pulse will be generated by the framer.  
01 - Searching of CAS Multi-frame alignment is enabled. The XRT84L38  
will search for and declare CAS Multi-frame synchronization using Algo-  
rithm 1.  
10 - Searching of CAS Multi-frame alignment is enabled. The XRT84L38  
will search for and declare CAS Multi-frame synchronization using Algo-  
rithm 2 (G.732).  
11 - Searching of CAS Multi-frame alignment is disabled. The XRT84L38  
framer will not search for CAS Multi-frame alignment and thus will not  
declare CAS Multi-frame synchronization. No Receive CAS Multi-frame  
Synchronization (RxCRCMsync_n) pulse will be generated by the framer.  
11.2.4 How to configure the framer to input the framing alignment bits from different sources  
In E1 mode, the Frame Alignment Signal (FAS) pattern of "0011011" contained in bit 2 to 8 of every other frame  
(called FAS frame) are used to identify the frame boundaries. In addition, bit 2 of the non-FAS frames is fixed to  
"1" to prevent simulation of the FAS frames.  
In the non-FAS frames, bit 1 is used to transmit the 6-bit CRC-4 multi-frame alignment signal of "001011" and  
two E bits. The 6-bit CRC-4 multi-frame alignment signal is used to identify the CRC-4 multi-frame boundaries.  
The A bit at bit 3 of non-FAS frame is used as remote yellow alarm indication. When the A bit is "0", it denotes  
undistributed operation of the framer. When the A bit is "1", it denotes yellow alarm condition.  
The framing alignment bits include the FAS pattern, the CRC-4 multi-frame alignment bits and the A bit. Under  
default condition, the XRT84L38 can generate these framing alignment bits internally.  
At the same time, the users can generate the framing alignment bits externally and insert them into the framer  
through the Transmit Serial Data Input Interface block via the TxSer_n pin. It is the user's responsibility to  
maintain the accuracy and integrity of the framing alignment bits. The user also has to make sure that the fram-  
ing alignment bits are inserted into the framer at right position and right timing. However, this option is only  
available when the XRT84L38 is configured to run at a normal back-plane rate of 2.048Mbit/s in E1 mode.  
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The Framing Bit Source Select bit of the Synchronization MUX Register (SMR) controls source of the framing  
alignment bit. The table below shows configurations of the Framing Bit Source Select bit of the Synchronization  
MUX Register (SMR).  
SYNCHRONIZATION MUX REGISTER (SMR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X09H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
0
Framing Bit Source  
R/W  
This READ/WRITE bit-field permits the user to determine where the fram-  
ing alignment bits should be inserted.  
0 - The framing alignment bits are generated and inserted by the framer  
internally.  
1 - If the framer is operating in normal 2.048Mbit/s mode, the framing align-  
ment bits are passed through from the Transmit Serial Data Input Interface  
block via the TxSer_n pin.  
11.2.5 How to configure the framer to input CRC-4 bits from different sources  
Each E1 CRC-4 multi-frame is divided into two sub-multi-frames. Each sub-multi-frame consists of 8 E1  
frames. If the framer is configured to operate in CRC-4 multi-frame format, bit 1 of the FAS frames are used as  
Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC-4) code of the last CRC-4 sub- multi-frame. The CRC-4 bits are an indicator  
of the link quality and could be monitored by the user to establish error performance report.  
The XRT84L38 can generate the CRC-4 bits internally by calculating the CRC check-sum of all the payload  
bits in each E1 sub-multi-frame.  
At the same time, the users can generate the CRC-4 bits externally and insert them into the framer through the  
Transmit Serial Data Input Interface block via the TxSer_n pin. It is the user's responsibility to correctly com-  
pute the CRC-4 bits according to E1 algorithm. Also, the user has to make sure that the CRC-4 bits are insert-  
ed into the framer at right position and right timing. However, this option is only available when the XRT84L38  
is configured to run at a normal back-plane rate of 2.048Mbit/s.  
The CRC-4 Source Select bit of the Synchronization MUX Register (SMR) controls from where to input CRC-4  
bits into the framer. The table below shows configurations of the CRC-4 Source Select bit of the Synchroniza-  
tion MUX Register (SMR).  
SYNCHRONIZATION MUX REGISTER (SMR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X09H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
1
CRC-4 Source  
Select  
R/W  
This READ/WRITE bit-field permits the user to determine where the CRC-  
4 bits should be inserted.  
0 - The CRC-4 bits are generated and inserted by the framer internally.  
1 - If the framer is operating in normal 2.048Mbit/s mode, the CRC-4 bits  
are generated by external equipment and passed through from the Trans-  
mit Serial Data Input Interface block via the TxSer_n pin.  
11.2.6 How to configure the framer to input E bits from different sources  
Each E1 CRC-4 multi-frame is divided into two sub-multi-frames. Each sub-multi-frame consists of 8 E1  
frames, 4 of them are FAS frames and the other 4 are non-FAS frames. Of the second CRC-4 sub-multi-frame,  
bit 1 of the last 2 non-FAS frames is called E bit.  
The E bits are used to indicate that the previous received sub-multi-frame is error-ed. When a sub-multi-frame  
is received, the framer calculated the CRC-4 bits of the received sub-multi-frame. The frame then compares  
the calculated CRC-4 bits with the received CRC-4 bits. If they are the same, the framer will set E bit to "1" and  
transmit it to the remote terminal. If the calculated CRC-4 bits and the receive CRC-4 bits are different, the  
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framer will set E bit to "0" and transmit it out. The first E bit indicates error of the first CRC-4 sub-multi-frame  
while the second E bit indicates error of the second CRC-4 sub-multi-frame.  
The delay between the detection of an error-ed CRC-4 sub-multi-frame and the setting of the corresponding E  
bit that represents the error state should not be more than one second. If the E bits are not used, they should  
be set to "1".  
NOTE: The E bits will always be taken into account even if the sub-multi-frame which contains them is error-ed.  
Under default condition, the XRT84L38 generate the E bits internally by calculating the CRC check-sum of all  
the payload bits in each received E1 sub-multi-frame and compare them against the received CRC-4 bits.  
At the same time, the users can force the E bits to either "0" or "1". Source of the E bits can also be the internal  
HDLC controller such that the E bits can be used to transmit data link message.  
The E bit Source Select bit of the Synchronization MUX Register (SMR) controls from where to input E bits into  
the framer. The table below shows configurations of the E bit Source Select bit of the Synchronization MUX  
Register (SMR).  
SYNCHRONIZATION MUX REGISTER (SMR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X09H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7-6  
E bit Source Select  
R/W  
These READ/WRITE bit-fields permits the user to determine where the E  
bits should be inserted and what the E bits should be.  
00 - The E bits are generated and inserted by the framer internally.  
01 - The E bits are forced to be "0" and are inserted by the framer inter-  
nally.  
10 - The E bits are forced to be "1" and are inserted by the framer inter-  
nally.  
11 - Source of the E bits is HDLC controller of the framer. The E bits are  
used to carry data link messages.  
11.3 HOW TO CONFIGURE THE FRAMER TO APPLY DATA AND SIGNALING CONDITIONING TO E1 PAYLOAD DATA ON  
A PER-CHANNEL BASIS  
The XRT84L38 T1/J1/E1 Octal Framer provides individual control of each of the thirty two DS0 channels. The  
user can apply data and signaling conditioning to raw E1 payload data coming from the Terminal Equipment on  
a per-channel basis.  
The XRT84L38 framer can apply the following changes to raw E1 PCM data coming from the Terminal Equip-  
ment on a per-channel basis:  
All 8 bits of the input PCM data are inverted  
The even bits of the input PCM data are inverted  
The odd bits of the input PCM data are inverted  
The MSB of the input PCM data is inverted  
All input PCM data except the MSB are inverted  
Configuration of the XRT84L38 framer to apply the above-mentioned changes to raw E1 PCM data are con-  
trolled by the Transmit Data Conditioning Select [3:0] bits of the Transmit Channel Control Register (TCCR) of  
each DS0 channel.  
The XRT84L38 framer can also replace the incoming raw E1 PCM data from the Terminal Equipment with pre-  
defined or user-defined codes. The XRT84L38 supports the following conditioning substitutions:  
BUSY code - an octet with hexadecimal value of 0x7F  
BUSY_TS code - an octet of pattern "111xxxxx" where "xxxxx" represents the timeslot number  
VACANT code - an octet with hexadecimal value of 0xFF  
A-law Digital Milliwatt code  
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u-law Digital Milliwatt code  
IDLE code - an octet defined by the value stored in the User IDLE Code Register (UCR)  
MOOF code - MUX-Out-Of-Frame code with hexadecimal value of 0x1A  
PRBS code - an octet generated by the Pseudo-Random Bit Sequence (PRBS) Generator block of the  
framer  
Once again, configuration of the XRT84L38 framer to replace raw E1 PCM data with the above-mentioned cod-  
ing schemes are controlled by the Transmit Data Conditioning Select [3:0] bits of the Transmit Channel Control  
Register (TCCR) of each DS0 channel.  
Finally, the XRT84L38 framer can configure any one or ones of the thirty two DS0 channels to be D or E chan-  
nels. D channel is used primarily for data link applications. E channel is used primarily for signaling for circuit  
switching with multiple access configurations.  
The Transmit Data Conditioning Select [3:0] bits of the Transmit Channel Control Register (TCCR) of each  
channel determine whether that particular channel is configured as D or E channel.  
The table below illustrates configurations of the Transmit Data Conditioning Select [3:0] bits of the Transmit  
Channel Control Register (TCCR).  
TRANSMIT CHANNEL CONTROL REGISTER (TCCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN2H, 0X00H - 0X1FH)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
3-0  
Transmit  
Conditioning  
Select  
R/W  
0000 - The input E1 PCM data of this DS0 channel is unchanged.  
0001 - All 8 bits of the input E1 PCM data of this DS0 channel are inverted.  
0010 - The even bits of the input E1 PCM data of this DS0 channel are  
inverted.  
0011 - The odd bits of the input E1 PCM data of this DS0 channel are  
inverted.  
0100 - The input E1 PCM data of this DS0 channel are replaced by the  
octet stored in User IDLE Code Register (UCR).  
0101 - The input E1 PCM data of this DS0 channel are replaced by BUSY  
code (0x7F).  
0110 - The input E1 PCM data of this DS0 channel are replaced by  
VACANT code (0xFF).  
0111 - The input E1 PCM data of this DS0 channel are replaced by  
BUSY_TS code (111xxxxx).  
1000 - The input E1 PCM data of this DS0 channel are replaced by MUX-  
Out-Of-Frame (MOOF) code with value 0x1A.  
1001 - The input E1 PCM data of this DS0 channel are replaced by the A-  
law digital milliwatt pattern.  
1010 - The input E1 PCM data of this DS0 channel are replaced by the u-  
law digital milliwatt pattern.  
1011 - The MSB bit of the input E1 PCM data of this DS0 channel is  
inverted.  
1100 - All bits of the input E1 PCM data of this DS0 channel except MSB  
bit are inverted.  
1101 - The input E1 PCM data of this DS0 channel are replaced by PRBS  
pattern created by the internal PRBS Generator of XRT84L38 framer.  
1110 - The input E1 PCM data of this DS0 channel is unchanged.  
1111 - This channel is configured as D or E timeslot.  
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When the Transmit Data Conditioning Select [3:0] bits of the Transmit Channel Control Register (TCCR) of a  
particular DS0 channel are set to 0100, input E1 PCM data of this DS0 channel are replaced by the octet  
stored in User IDLE Code Register (UCR). The table below shows contents of the User IDLE Code Register.  
USER IDLE CODE REGISTER (UCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN02H, 0X20H - 0X3FH)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7-0  
User IDLE Code  
R/W  
These READ/WRITE bit-fields permits the user store any value of IDLE  
code into the framer. When the Transmit Data Conditioning Select [3:0] bits  
of TCCR register of a particular DS0 channel are set to 0100, the input E1  
PCM data are replaced by contents of this register and sent to the Transmit  
LIU Interface.  
11.4 HOW TO CONFIGURE THE XRT84L38 FRAMER TO TRANSMIT SIGNALING INFORMATION  
Each 256-bit E1 frame is divided into 32 octets or time slots numbered 0 to 31. Each time slot is a 64kbits/s  
channel carrying voice or data information. The time slot 0 is used for frame and multi-frame synchronization,  
CRC-4 error detection, yellow alarm transmission and data link transmission. The time slot 1 to time slot 15  
and time slot 17 to time slot 31 are used to carry a PCM encoded voice band signal or data. The remaining  
64kbits/s channel time slot 16 may be used for signaling. The XRT84L38 T1/J1/E1 Octal Framer supports the  
following signaling formats to interconnect to CEPT channelized service functions:  
Common Channel Signaling (CCS)  
Channel Associated Signaling (CAS)  
Primary Rate ISDN Message Oriented Signaling (ISDN-PRI)  
The XRT84L38 T1/J1/E1 Octal Framer supports insertion of various types of signaling information into the  
timeslot 16 of an outgoing E1 frame. It also supports extraction and substitution of signaling information from  
the incoming E1 frame. The following section provides a brief overview of Common Channel Signaling, Chan-  
nel Associated Signaling in E1 mode.  
NOTE: The time slot 16 can also be configured to carry PCM encoded voice or data if neither CCS nor CAS signaling is  
used. The XRT84L38 framer allows the user to choose which one of the CCS, CAS, ISDN-PRI message or PCM data to be  
carries on the time slot 16.  
11.4.1 Brief Discussion of Common Channel Signaling in E1 Framing Format  
As the name referred, Common Channel Signaling is signaling information common to all thirty voice or data  
channels of an E1 trunk. The time slot 16 may be used to carry Common Channel Signaling data of up to a rate  
of 64kbits/s. The national bits of time slot 0 may also be used for Common Channel Signaling. Since there are  
five national bits of time slot 0 per every two E1 frames, the total bandwidth of the national bits is 20kbits/s. The  
Common Channel Signaling is essentially data link information that provides performance monitoring and  
transmission quality report.  
11.4.2 Brief Discussion of Channel Associated Signaling in E1 Framing Format  
Signaling is required when dealing with voice and dial-up data services in E1 applications. Traditionally, signal-  
ing is provided on a dial-up telephone line, across the talk-path. Signaling is used to tell the receiver where the  
call or route is destined. The signal is sent through switches along the route to a distant end. Common types of  
signals are:  
On hook  
Off hook  
Dial tone  
Dialed digits  
Ringing cycle  
Busy tone  
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A signal is consists of four bits namely A, B, C and D. These bits define the state of the call for a particular time  
slot. The time slot 16 octet of each E1 frame can carry CAS signals for two E1 voice or data channels. There-  
fore, sixteen E1 frames are needed to carry CAS signals for all 32 E1 channels. The sixteen E1 frames then  
forms a CAS Multi-frame.  
The time slot 16 of Frame number 0 of an E1 CAS Multi-frame carries the pattern of "0000 XYXX". The time  
slot 16 of Frame number 1 carries signals of Channel 1 and Channel 17. The time slot 16 of Frame number 2  
carries signals of Channel 2 and Channel 18, and so on. The following table shows the bit allocations of Chan-  
nel Associated Signaling in E1 framing format.  
TIME SLOT 16 OF FRAME 0  
TIME SLOT 16 OF FRAME 1  
TIME SLOT 16 OF FRAME 2  
TIME SLOT 16 OF FRAME 3  
0000  
XYXX  
ABCD of  
Ch. 1  
ABCD of  
Ch. 17  
ABCD of  
Ch. 2  
ABCD of  
Ch. 18  
ABCD of  
Ch. 3  
ABCD of  
Ch. 19  
TIME SLOT 16 OF FRAME 4  
TIME SLOT 16 OF FRAME 5  
TIME SLOT 16 OF FRAME 6  
TIME SLOT 16 OF FRAME 7  
ABCD of  
Ch. 4  
ABCD of  
Ch. 20  
ABCD of  
Ch. 5  
ABCD of  
Ch. 21  
ABCD of  
Ch. 6  
ABCD of  
Ch. 22  
ABCD of  
Ch. 7  
ABCD of  
Ch. 23  
TIME SLOT 16 OF FRAME 8  
TIME SLOT 16 OF FRAME 9  
TIME SLOT 16 OF FRAME 10  
TIME SLOT 16 OF FRAME 11  
ABCD of  
Ch. 8  
ABCD of  
Ch. 24  
ABCD of  
Ch. 9  
ABCD of  
Ch. 25  
ABCD of  
Ch. 10  
ABCD of  
Ch. 26  
ABCD of  
Ch. 11  
ABCD of  
Ch. 27  
TIME SLOT 16 OF FRAME 12  
TIME SLOT 16 OF FRAME 13  
TIME SLOT 16 OF FRAME 14  
TIME SLOT 16 OF FRAME 15  
ABCD of  
Ch. 12  
ABCD of  
Ch. 28  
ABCD of  
Ch. 13  
ABCD of  
Ch. 29  
ABCD of  
Ch. 14  
ABCD of  
Ch. 30  
ABCD of  
Ch. 15  
ABCD of  
Ch. 31  
The four zeros pattern is the multi-frame alignment signal that indicates the beginning of an E1 CAS Multi-  
frame. The XRT84L38 framer, upon detection of the four zeros pattern in the time slot 16, declares CAS multi-  
frame synchronization and would pulse the Receive CAS Multi-frame Synchronization pulse (RxCASMSync_n)  
HIGH for one clock period. The user, triggering on the Receive CAS Multi-frame Synchronization pulse, would  
thus identify the received CAS Multi-frame boundary.  
The X in XYXX pattern located in the time slot 16 of Frame number 0 should be fixed to "1" and can be used to  
prevent mimicking of CAS Multi-frame alignment pattern.  
The Y in XYXX pattern is used for alarm indication of time slot 16 to the remote terminal. If signals of time slot  
16 is transmitted and received correctly, the Y bit is set to "0". In an alarm condition, the Y bit is set to "1".  
Therefore, Y bit is also known as CAS Multi-frame yellow alarm.  
11.4.3 Configure the framer to transmit Channel Associated Signaling  
The XRT84L38 framer supports transmission of Common Channel Signaling and Channel Associated Signal-  
ing according to ITU-T Recommendation G.704. As discussed briefly before, Channel Associated Signaling in-  
cludes the signaling bits, the CAS Multi-frame Alignment pattern and the X and Y bits.  
Signaling bits can be inserted into the outgoing E1 frame through the following:  
Signaling data is inserted from the Transmit Signaling Control Registers (TSCR) of each timeslot.  
Signaling data is inserted from TxSig_n pin.  
Signaling data is inserted from TxOH-n pin.  
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Signaling data is embedded into the input PCM data coming from the Terminal Equipment.  
The CAS Multi-frame alignment pattern of four zeros can be inserted into the outgoing E1 frame by using the  
following method:  
CAS Multi-frame alignment pattern is inserted from theTransmit Signaling Control Registers (TSCR).  
CAS Multi-frame alignment pattern is inserted from TxSig_n pin.  
CAS Multi-frame alignment pattern is inserted from TxOH-n pin.  
CAS Multi-frame alignment pattern is embedded into the input PCM data coming from the Terminal Equip-  
ment.  
The CAS Multi-frame Yellow Alarm Y bit and the X bits can be inserted into the outgoing E1 frame by using the  
following method:  
The X and Y bits are inserted from the Transmit Signaling Control Register (TSCR).  
The X and Y bits are inserted from TxSig_n pin.  
The X and Y bits are inserted from TxOH-n pin.  
The X and Y bits are embedded into the input PCM data coming from the Terminal Equipment.  
The X bit is inserted from the Transmit Signaling Control Register (TSCR) and Y bit is generated by the  
XRT84L38 framer according to operating condition of the E1 link.  
11.4.3.1 Insert Signaling Bits from TSCR Register  
The four most significant bits of the Transmit Signaling Control Register (TSCR) of each time slot can be used  
to store outgoing signaling data. The user can program these bits through microprocessor access. If the  
XRT84L38 framer is configure to insert signaling bits from TSCR registers, the E1 Transmit Framer block will fill  
up the time slot 16 octet with the signaling bits stored inside the TSCR registers. The insertion of signaling bit  
into PCM data is done on a per-channel basis. The most significant bit (Bit 7) of TSCR register is used to store  
Signaling bit A. Bit 6 is used to hold Signaling bit B. Bit 5 is used to hold Signaling bit C. Bit 4 is used to hold  
Signaling bit D.  
The table below shows the four most significant bits of the Transmit Signaling Control Register.  
TRANSMIT SIGNALING CONTROL REGISTER (TSCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN2H, 0X40H - 0X5FH)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7
6
5
4
Signaling Bit A  
Signaling Bit B  
Signaling Bit C  
Signaling Bit D  
R/W  
R/W  
R/W  
R/W  
This bit is used to store Signaling Bit A.  
This bit is used to store Signaling Bit B.  
This bit is used to store Signaling Bit C.  
This bit is used to store Signaling Bit D.  
11.4.3.2 Insert Signaling Bits from TxSig_n Pin  
The XRT84L38 framer can be configure to insert signaling bits provided by external equipment through the  
TxSig_n pins. This pin is a multiplexed I/O pin with two functions:  
TxTSb[0]_n - Transmit Timeslot Number Bit [0] Output pin  
TxSig_n - Transmit Signaling Input pin  
When the Transmit Fractional E1 bit of the Transmit Interface Control Register (TICR) is set to 0, this pin is con-  
figured as TxTSb[0]_n pin, it outputs bit 0 of the timeslot number of the E1 PCM data that is transmitting.  
When the Transmit Fractional E1 bit of the Transmit Interface Control Register (TICR) is set to 1, this pin is con-  
figured as TxSig_n pin, it acts as an input source for the signaling bits to be transmitted in the outbound E1  
frames.  
Figure 117 below is a timing diagram of the TxSig_n input pin. Please note that the Signaling Bit A of a certain  
channel coincides with Bit 5 of the PCM data of that channel; Signaling Bit B coincides with Bit 6 of the PCM  
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data; Signaling Bit C coincides with Bit 7 of the PCM data and Signaling Bit D coincides with Bit 8 (LSB) of the  
PCM data.  
FIGURE 117. TIMING DIAGRAM OF THE TXSIG_N INPUT  
Timeslot 0  
Timeslot 5  
Timeslot 6  
Timeslot 23  
TxSerClk  
TxSerClk (INV)  
TxSer  
Input Data  
Input Data  
Input Data  
Input Data  
F
F
TxSig  
A B C D  
A B C D  
A B C D  
A B C D  
The table below shows configurations of the Transmit Fractional E1 bit of the Transmit Interface Control Regis-  
ter (TICR).  
TRANSMIT INTERFACE CONTROL REGISTER (TICR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X20H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
4
Transmit  
Fractional E1  
R/W  
This READ/WRITE bit-field permits the user to determine which one of the  
two functions the multiplexed I/O pin of TxTSb[0]_n/TxSig_n is spotting.  
0 - This pin is configured as TxTSb[0]_n pin, it outputs bit 0 of the timeslot  
number of the E1 PCM data that is transmitting.  
1 - This pin is configured as TxSig_n pin, it acts as an input source for the  
signaling bits to be transmitted in the outbound E1 frames  
11.4.3.3 Insert Signaling Bits from TxOH_n Pin  
The XRT84L38 framer can be configure to insert signaling bits provided by external equipment through the  
Transmit Overhead TxOH_n input pins.  
The TxOH_n pin can acts as an input source for the signaling bits to be transmitted in the outbound E1 frames.  
When this pin is chosen as the input source for the signaling bits, any data presents on this pin in time slot 16  
would be taken into the framer directly. The time slot 16 octet of the outbound E1 frame will be replaced by data  
inputted from this pin in time slot 16.  
Please note that the Signaling bit A of Channel 1-15 coincides with Bit 1 of the PCM data; Signaling bit B Chan-  
nel 1-15 coincides with Bit 2 of the PCM data; Signaling bit C Channel 1-15 coincides with Bit 3 of the PCM;  
Signaling bit D Channel 1-15 coincides with Bit 4 of the PCM data.  
Similarly, the Signaling bit A of Channel 17-31 coincides with Bit 5 of the PCM data; Signaling bit B Channel  
17-31 coincides with Bit 6 of the PCM data; Signaling bit C Channel 17-31 coincides with Bit 7 of the PCM; Sig-  
naling bit D Channel 17-31 coincides with Bit 8 of the PCM data.  
Figure 118 below is a timing diagram of the TxOH_n input pin.  
FIGURE 118. TIMING DIAGRAM OF THE TXOH_N INPUT  
11.4.3.4 Insert Signaling Data from TxSer_n Pin  
Depends on applications, the Terminal Equipment can embed signaling information into the E1 PCM data and  
then send the data to the XRT84L38 framer device. In this case, the user should configure the framer not to in-  
sert any signaling data. The input E1 PCM data will then be directed to the Transmit LIU Interface without any  
modifications.  
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11.4.3.5 Enable Channel Associated Signaling and Signaling Data Source Control  
The Transmit Signaling Control Register (TSCR) of each channel selects source of signaling data to be insert-  
ed into the outgoing E1 frame and enables Channel Associated signaling. As we mentioned before, the signal-  
ing data can be inserted from Transmit Signaling Control Registers (TSCR) of each timeslot, from the TxSig_n  
input pin, from the TxOH_n input pin or from the TxSer_n input pin. The Transmit Signaling Data Source Select  
[1:0] bits of the Transmit Signaling Control Register (TSCR) determines from which sources the signaling data  
is inserted from.  
The table below shows configurations of the Transmit Signaling Data Source Select [1:0] bits of the Transmit  
Signaling Control Register (TSCR).  
TRANSMIT SIGNALING CONTROL REGISTER (TSCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN2H, 0X40H - 0X57H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
1-0  
Transmit Signaling  
Source Select  
R/W  
00 - None of the signaling data, the CAS Multi-frame alignment pattern, the  
X bit or the CAS Multi-frame Yellow Alarm bit Y is inserted into the outgo-  
ing E1 PCM data by the framer. However, the user can embed the signal-  
ing data, the CAS Multi-frame alignment pattern, the X bit or the CAS  
Multi-frame Yellow Alarm bit Y into E1 PCM data before routing the PCM  
data into the framer.  
01 - The signaling data, the CAS Multi-frame alignment pattern, the X bit or  
the CAS Multi-frame Yellow Alarm bit Y is inserted into the outgoing E1  
PCM data from TSCR register of each timeslot.  
10 - If the XRT84L38 framer is operating in E1 2.048Mbit/s mode and if the  
TxFR2048 bit of the Transmit Interface Control Register (TICR) is set to  
zero:  
The signaling data, the CAS Multi-frame alignment pattern, the X bit or the  
CAS Multi-frame Yellow Alarm bit Y is inserted into the outgoing E1 PCM  
data from the TxOH_n input pin.  
If the XRT84L38 framer is operating in E1 2.048Mbit/s mode and if the  
TxFR2048 bit of the Transmit Interface Control Register (TICR) is set to  
one:  
The signaling data, the CAS Multi-frame alignment pattern, the X bit or the  
CAS Multi-frame Yellow Alarm bit Y is inserted into the outgoing E1 PCM  
data from the TxSig_n input pin.  
11 - No signaling data or the CAS Multi-frame alignment pattern is inserted  
into the input E1 PCM data by the framer. However, the user can embed  
signaling data into E1 PCM data before routing the PCM data into the  
framer.  
The X bit is inserted into the outgoing E1 PCM data from TSCR register.  
The CAS Multi-frame Yellow Alarm Y bit is generated by the XRT84L38  
framer depends on operating condition of the E1 link.  
11.5 HOW TO CONFIGURE THE XRT84L38 FRAMER TO GENERATE AND TRANSMIT ALARMS AND ERROR INDICA-  
TIONS TO REMOTE TERMINAL  
The XRT84L38 T1/J1/E1 Octal Framer can be configured to monitor quality of received E1 frames. It can gen-  
erate error indications if the local receive framer has received error frames from the remote terminal. If corre-  
sponding interrupt is enabled, the local microprocessor operation is interrupted by these error conditions. Upon  
microprocessor interruption, the user can intervene by looking into the error conditions.  
At the same time, the user can configure the XRT84L38 framer to transmit alarms and error indications to re-  
mote terminal. Different alarms and error indications will be transmitted depending on the error condition. The  
section below gives a brief discussion of the error conditions and appropriate alarms that should be generated  
and transmitted by the XRT84L38 framer.  
11.5.1 Brief discussion of alarms and error conditions  
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As defined in E1 specification, alarm conditions are created from defects. Defects are momentary impairments  
present on the E1 trunk. If a defect is present for a sufficient amount of time (called the integration time), then  
the defect becomes an alarm. Once an alarm is declared, the alarm is present until after the defect clears for a  
sufficient period of time. The time it takes to clear an alarm is called the de-integration time.  
Alarms are used to detect and warn maintenance personnel of problems on the E1 trunk. There are three  
types of alarms:  
Red alarm or Service Alarm Indication (SAI) Signal  
Blue alarm or Alarm Indication Signal (AIS)  
Yellow alarm or Remote Alarm Indication (RAI) Signal  
To explain the error conditions and generation of different alarms, let us create a simple E1 system model. In  
this model, an E1 signal is sourced from the Central Office (CO) through a Repeater to the Customer Premises  
Equipment (CPE). At the same time, an E1 signal is routed from the CPE to the Repeater and back to the Cen-  
tral Office. Figure 119 below shows the simple E1 system model.  
FIGURE 119. SIMPLE DIAGRAM OF E1 SYSTEM MODEL  
CO  
Repeater  
CPE  
E1  
Transmit  
Section  
E1  
Receive  
Section  
E1 Receive  
Framer Block  
E1 Receive  
Framer Block  
E1  
Receive  
Section  
E1  
Transmit  
Section  
E1 Transmit  
Framer Block  
E1 Transmit  
Framer Block  
Simple E1 System Model  
When the E1 system runs normally, that is, when there is no Loss of Signal (LOS) or Loss of Frame (LOF) de-  
tected in the line, no alarm will be generated. Sometimes, intermittent outburst of electrical noises on the line  
might result in Bipolar Violation or bit errors in the incoming signals, but these errors in general will not trigger  
the equipment to generate alarms. They will, depending on the system requirements, trigger the framer to gen-  
erate interrupts that would cause the local microprocessor to create performance reports of the line.  
Now, consider a case in which the E1 line from the CO to the Repeater is broken or interrupted, resulting in  
completely loss of incoming data or severely impaired signal quality. Upon detection of Loss of Signal (LOS) or  
Loss of Frame (LOF) condition, the Repeater will generate an internal Red Alarm, also known as the Service  
Alarm Indication. This alarm will normally trigger a microprocessor interrupt informing the user that an incom-  
ing signal failure is happening.  
When the Repeater is in the Red Alarm state, it will transmit the Yellow Alarm to the CO indicating the loss of  
an incoming signal or loss of frame synchronization. This Yellow Alarm informs the Repeater that there is a  
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problem further down the line and its transmission is not being received at the Repeater. Figure 120 below il-  
lustrates the scenario in which the E1 connection from the CO to the Repeater is broken.  
FIGURE 120. GENERATION OF YELLOW ALARM BY THE REPEATER UPON DETECTION OF LINE FAILURE  
Repeater declares  
Red Alarm  
internally  
Repeater generates  
Yellow Alarm to CO  
CO  
Repeater  
CPE  
Yellow  
Alarm  
E1  
Transmit  
Section  
E1  
Receive  
Section  
E1 Receive  
Framer Block  
E1 Receive  
Framer Block  
E1  
Receive  
Section  
E1  
Transmit  
Section  
E1 Transmit  
Framer Block  
E1 Transmit  
Framer Block  
The E1 line is  
broken  
The Repeater will also transmit a Blue Alarm, also known as Alarm Indication Signal (AIS) to the CPE. Blue  
alarm is an all ones pattern indicating that the equipment is functioning but unable to offer service due to fail-  
ures originated from remote side. It is sent such that the equipment downstream will not lose clock synchroni-  
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zation even though no meaningful data is received. Figure 121 below illustrates this scenario in which the Re-  
peater is sending an AIS to the CPE upon detection of line failure from the CO.  
FIGURE 121. GENERATION OF AIS BY THE REPEATER UPON DETECTION OF LINE FAILURE  
Repeater declares  
Red Alarm  
internally  
Repeater generates  
Yellow Alarm to CO  
CO  
Repeater  
CPE  
Yellow  
Alarm  
E1  
Transmit  
Section  
E1  
Receive  
Section  
E1 Receive  
Framer Block  
E1 Receive  
Framer Block  
AIS  
E1  
Receive  
Section  
E1  
Transmit  
Section  
E1 Transmit  
Framer Block  
E1 Transmit  
Framer Block  
Repeater  
generates AIS  
to CPE  
The E1 line is  
broken  
Now, the CPE uses the AIS signal sent by the Repeater to recover received clock and remain in synchroniza-  
tion with the system. Upon detecting the incoming AIS signal, the CPE will generate a Yellow Alarm automati-  
cally to the Repeater to indicate the loss of incoming data. Figure 122 below illustrates this scenario in which  
the Repeater is sending an AIS to the CPE and the CPE is sending a Yellow Alarm back to the Repeater.  
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FIGURE 122. GENERATION OF YELLOW ALARM BY THE CPE UPON DETECTION OF AIS ORIGINATED BY THE  
REPEATER  
Repeater declares  
Red Alarm  
internally  
CPE detects AIS and  
Repeater generates  
generates Yellow  
Yellow Alarm to CO  
Alarm to Repeater  
CO  
Repeater  
CPE  
Yellow  
Alarm  
Yellow  
Alarm  
E1  
Transmit  
Section  
E1  
Receive  
Section  
E1 Receive  
Framer Block  
E1 Receive  
Framer Block  
AIS  
E1  
Receive  
Section  
E1  
Transmit  
Section  
E1 Transmit  
Framer Block  
E1 Transmit  
Framer Block  
Repeater  
generates AIS  
to CPE  
The E1 line is  
broken  
Next, let us consider the scenario in which the signaling and data link channel (the time slot 16) of an E1 line  
between a far-end terminal (for example, the CO) and a near-end terminal (for example, the repeater) is im-  
paired. In this case, the CAS signaling data received by the repeater is corrupted. The Repeater will then send  
an all ones pattern in time slot 16 (AIS16 pattern) downstream to the CPE. The repeater will also generate a  
CAS Multi-frame Yellow Alarm upstream to the CO to indicate the loss of CAS Multi-frame synchronization.  
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Figure 123 below illustrates this scenario in which the Repeater is sending an "AIS16" pattern to the CPE while  
sending a CAS Multi-frame Yellow Alarm to the CO.  
FIGURE 123. GENERATION OF CAS MULTI-FRAME YELLOW ALARM AND AIS16 BY THE REPEATER  
Repeater generates  
CAS Multi-frame  
Yellow Alarm to CO  
CO  
Repeater  
CPE  
CAS Multi-  
frame Yellow  
Alarm  
E1  
Transmit  
Section  
E1  
Receive  
Section  
E1 Receive  
Framer Block  
E1 Receive  
Framer Block  
AIS16  
E1  
Receive  
Section  
E1  
Transmit  
Section  
E1 Transmit  
Framer Block  
E1 Transmit  
Framer Block  
The timeslot 16  
of an E1 line is  
iimpaired  
Repeater  
generates  
AIS16 to CPE  
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The CPE, upon detecting the incoming AIS16 signal, will generate a CAS Multi-frame Yellow Alarm to the Re-  
peater to indicate the loss of CAS Multi-frame synchronization. Figure 124 below illustrates the CPE sending a  
CAS Multi-frame Yellow Alarm back to the Repeater  
FIGURE 124. GENERATION OF CAS MULTI-FRAM YELLOW ALARM BY THE CPE UPON DETECTION OF “AIS16” PAT-  
TERN SENT BY THE REPEATER  
CPE detects AIS16  
and generates CAS  
Multi-frame Yellow  
Alarm to Repeater  
Repeater generates  
CAS Multi-frame  
Yellow Alarm to CO  
CO  
Repeater  
CPE  
CAS Multi-  
frame Yellow  
Alarm  
CAS Multi-  
frame Yellow  
Alarm  
E1  
Transmit  
Section  
E1  
Receive  
Section  
E1 Receive  
Framer Block  
E1 Receive  
Framer Block  
AIS16  
E1  
Receive  
Section  
E1  
Transmit  
Section  
E1 Transmit  
Framer Block  
E1 Transmit  
Framer Block  
The timeslot 16  
of an E1 line is  
iimpaired  
Repeater  
generates  
AIS16 to CPE  
In summary, AIS or Blue Alarm is sent by a piece of E1 equipment downstream indicating that the incoming  
signal from upstream is lost. Yellow Alarm is sent by a piece of E1 equipment upstream upon detection of Loss  
of Signal, Loss of Frame or when it is receiving AIS.  
Similarly, an "AIS16" pattern is sent by a piece of E1 equipment downstream indicating that the incoming data  
link channel from upstream is damaged. The CAS Multi-frame Yellow Alarm is sent by a piece of E1 equipment  
upstream upon detection of Loss of CAS Multi-frame synchronization or when it is receiving an "AIS16" pat-  
tern.  
11.5.2 How to configure the framer to transmit AIS  
As we discussed in the previous section, Alarm Indication Signal (AIS) or Blue Alarm is transmitted by the inter-  
mediate node to indicate that the equipment is still functioning but unable to offer services. It is an all ones (ex-  
cept for framing bits) pattern which can be used by the equipment further down the line to maintain clock recov-  
ery and timing synchronization.  
The XRT84L38 framer can generate three types of AIS when it is running in E1 format:  
Framed AIS  
Unframed AIS  
AIS16  
Unframed AIS is an all ones pattern. If unframed AIS is sent, the equipment further down the line will be able to  
maintain timing synchronization and be able to recover clock from the received AIS signal. However, due to the  
lack of framing bits, the equipment farther down the line will not be able to maintain frame synchronization and  
will declare Loss of Frame (LOF).  
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On the other hand, the payload portion of a framed AIS pattern is all ones. However, a framed AIS pattern still  
has correct framing bits. Therefore, the equipment further down the line can still maintain frame synchroniza-  
tion as well as timing synchronization. In this case, no LOF or Red alarm will be declared.  
"AIS16" is an AIS alarm that only supported in E1 framing format. It is an all ones pattern in time slot 16 of each  
E1 frame. As we mentioned before, time slot 16 is usually used for signaling and data link in E1, therefore, an  
"AIS16" alarm is transmitted by the intermediate node to indicate that the data link channel is having a prob-  
lem. Since all the other thirty one time slots are still transmitting normal data (that is, framing information and  
PCM data), therefore, the equipment further down the line can still maintain frame synchronization, timing syn-  
chronization as well as receiving PCM data. In this case, no LOF or Red alarm will be declared by the equip-  
ments further down the line. However, a CAS Multi-frame Yellow Alarm will be sent by the equipment further  
down the line to indicate the loss of CAS Multi-frame alignment.  
The Transmit Alarm Indication Signal Select [1:0] bits of the Alarm Generation Register (AGR) enable the three  
types of AIS transmission that are supported by the XRT84L38 framer. The table below shows configurations  
of the Transmit Alarm Indication Signal Select [1:0] bits of the Alarm Generation Register (AGR).  
ALARM GENERATION REGISTER (AGR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X08H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
3-2  
Transmit AIS  
Select  
R/W  
These READ/WRITE bit-fields allows the user to choose which one of the  
three AIS pattern supported by the XRT84L38 framer will be transmitted.  
00 - No AIS alarm is generated.  
01 - Enable unframed AIS alarm of all ones pattern.  
11 - AIS16 pattern is generated. Only time slot 16 is carrying the all ones  
pattern. The other time slots still carry framing and PCM data.  
11 - Enable framed AIS alarm of all ones pattern except for framing bits.  
11.5.3 How to configure the framer to generate Red Alarm  
Upon detection of Loss of Signal (LOS) or Loss of Frame (LOF) condition, the Repeater will generate an inter-  
nal Red Alarm when enabled. This alarm will normally trigger a microprocessor interrupt informing the user  
that an incoming signal failure is happening.  
The Loss of Frame Declaration Enable bit of the Alarm Generation Register (AGR) enable the generation of  
Red Alarm. The table below shows configurations of the of Frame Declaration Enable bit of the Alarm Genera-  
tion Register (AGR).  
ALARM GENERATION REGISTER (AGR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X08H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
6
Loss of Frame  
Declaration Enable  
R/W  
This READ/WRITE bit-field permits the framer to declare Red Alarm in  
case of Loss of Frame Alignment (LOF).  
When receiver module of the framer detects Loss of Frame Alignment in  
the incoming data stream, it will generate a Red Alarm. The framer will  
also generate an RxLOFs interrupt to notify the microprocessor that an  
LOF condition is occurred. A Yellow Alarm is then returned to the remote  
transmitter to report that the local receiver detects LOF.  
0 - Red Alarm declaration is disabled.  
1 - Red Alarm declaration is enabled.  
11.5.4 How to configure the framer to transmit Yellow Alarm  
The XRT84L38 framer supports transmission of both Yellow Alarm and CAS Multi-frame Yellow Alarm in E1  
mode.  
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Upon detection of Loss of Signal (LOS) or Loss of Frame (LOF) condition, the receiver will transmit the Yellow  
Alarm back to the source indicating the loss of an incoming signal. This Yellow Alarm informs the source that  
there is a problem further down the line and its transmission is not being received at the destination.  
On the other hand, upon detection of Loss of CAS Multi-frame alignment pattern, the receiver section of the  
XRT84L38 framer will transmit a CAS Multi-frame Yellow Alarm back to the source indicating the Loss of CAS  
Multi-frame synchronization.  
The Yellow Alarm Generation Select [1:0] bits of the Alarm Generation Register (AGR) enable transmission of  
different types of Yellow alarm that are supported by the XRT84L38 framer.  
11.5.4.1 Transmit Yellow Alarm  
The Yellow Alarm bits are located at bit 3 of time slot 0 of non-FAS frames. A logic one of this bit denotes the  
Yellow Alarm and a logic zero of this bit denotes normal operation. The XRT84L38 supports transmission of  
Yellow Alarm automatically or manually.  
When the Yellow Alarm Generation Select [1:0] bits of the Alarm Generation Register are set to 01, the Yellow  
Alarm bit is transmitted by echoing the received FAS alignment pattern. If the correct FAS alignment is re-  
ceived, the Yellow Alarm bit is set to zero. If the FAS alignment pattern is missing or corrupted, the Yellow  
Alarm bit is set to one while Loss of Frame Synchronization is declared.  
When the Yellow Alarm Generation Select [1:0] bits of the Alarm Generation Register are set to 10, the Yellow  
Alarm bit is transmitted as zero.  
When the Yellow Alarm Generation Select [1:0] bits of the Alarm Generation Register are set to 11, the Yellow  
Alarm bit is transmitted as one.  
11.5.4.2 Transmit CAS Multi-frame Yellow Alarm  
Within the sixteen-frame CAS Multi-frame, the CAS Multi-frame Yellow Alarm bits are located at bit 6 of time  
slot 16 of frame number 0. A logic one of this bit denotes the CAS Multi-frame Yellow Alarm and a logic zero of  
this bit denotes normal operation. The XRT84L38 supports transmission of CAS Multi-frame Yellow Alarm au-  
tomatically or manually.  
When the CAS Multi-frame Yellow Alarm Generation Select [1:0] bits of the Alarm Generation Register are set  
to 01, the CAS Multi-frame Yellow Alarm bit is transmitted by echoing the received CAS Multi-frame alignment  
pattern (the four zeros pattern). If the correct CAS Multi-frame alignment is received, the CAS Multi-frame Yel-  
low Alarm bit is set to zero. If the CAS Multi-frame alignment pattern is missing or corrupted, the CAS Multi-  
frame Yellow Alarm bit is set to one while Loss of CAS Multi-frame Synchronization is declared.  
When the CAS Multi-frame Yellow Alarm Generation Select [1:0] bits of the Alarm Generation Register are set  
to 10, the CAS Multi-frame Yellow Alarm bit is transmitted as zero.  
When the CAS Multi-frame Yellow Alarm Generation Select [1:0] bits of the Alarm Generation Register are set  
to 11, the CAS Multi-frame Yellow Alarm bit is transmitted as one.  
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The table below shows configurations of the Yellow Alarm Generation Select [1:0] bits of the Alarm Generation  
Register (AGR).  
ALARM GENERATION REGISTER (AGR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X08H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
5-4  
Yellow Alarm Gen-  
eration Select  
R/W  
These READ/WRITE bit-fields allows the user to choose how the  
XRT84L38 would generate Yellow Alarm and CAS Multi-frame Yellow  
Alarm.  
00 - Transmission of Yellow Alarm and CAS Multi-frame Yellow Alarm is  
disabled.  
01 - The Yellow Alarm bit is transmitted by echoing the received FAS align-  
ment pattern. If the correct FAS alignment is received, the Yellow Alarm bit  
is set to zero. If the FAS alignment pattern is missing or corrupted, the Yel-  
low Alarm bit is set to one.  
The CAS Multi-frame Yellow Alarm bit is transmitted by echoing the  
received CAS Multi-frame alignment pattern (the four zeros pattern). If the  
correct CAS Multi-frame alignment is received, the CAS Multi-frame Yellow  
Alarm bit is set to zero. If the CAS Multi-frame alignment pattern is missing  
or corrupted, the CAS Multi-frame Yellow Alarm bit is set to one.  
10 - The Yellow Alarm and CAS Multi-frame Yellow Alarms are transmitted  
as zero.  
11 - The Yellow Alarm and CAS Multi-frame Yellow Alarms are transmitted  
as one.  
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12.0 E1 RECEIVE FRAMER BLOCK  
12.1 HOW TO CONFIGURE XRT84L38 TO OPERATE IN E1 MODE  
The XRT84L38 Octal T1/E1/J1 Framer supports DS1, J1 or E1 framing modes. Since J1 standard is very simi-  
lar to DS1 standard with a few minor changes, the J1 framing mode is included as a sub-set of the DS1 framing  
mode. All eight framers within the XRT84L38 silicon can be individually configured to support DS1, J1 or E1  
framing modes.  
NOTE: If transmitting section of one framer is configured to support either one of the framing modes, the receiving section  
is automatically configured to support the same framing modes.  
The T1/E1 Select bit of the Clock Select Register (CSR) controls which framing mode, that is, T1/J1 or E1, sup-  
ported by the framer. The table below illustrates configurations of the T1/E1 Select bit of the Clock Select Reg-  
ister (CSR).  
CLOCK SELECT REGISTER (CSR)(INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X00H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
6
T1/E1 Select  
R/W  
0 - The XRT84L38 framer is running in E1 mode.  
1 - The XRT84L38 framer is running in T1 mode.  
The purpose of the E1 Transmit Framer block is to embed and encode user payload data into frames and to  
route this E1 frame data to the Transmit E1 LIU Interface block. Please note that the XRT84L38 has eight (8)  
individual E1 Transmit Framer blocks. Hence, the following description applies to all eight of these individual  
Transmit E1 Framer blocks.  
The purpose of the E1 Transmit Framer block is:  
To encode user data, inputted from the Terminal Equipment into a standard framing format.  
To provide individual data control and signaling conditioning of each DS0 channel.  
To support the transmission of HDLC messages, from the local transmitting terminal, to the remote receiving  
terminal.  
To transmit indications that the local receive framer has received error frames from the remote terminal.  
To transmit alarm condition indicators to the remote terminal.  
The following sections discuss the functionalities of E1 Transmit Framer block in details. We will also describe  
how to configure the XRT84L38 to transmit E1 frames according to system requirement of users.  
12.2 HOW TO CONFIGURE THE FRAMER TO RECEIVE DATA IN VARIOUS E1 FRAMING FORMATS  
The XRT84L38 Octal T1/E1/J1 Framer is designed to meet the requirement of ITU-T Recommendation G.704.  
The E1 framer supports the following:  
Frame Alignment Signal (FAS)  
CRC-4 Multi-frame  
The ITU-T Recommendation G.704 also specifies two forms of signaling that can be supported by the E1  
Transport medium:  
Channel Associated Signaling (CAS)  
Common Channel Signaling (CCS)  
The XRT84L38 framer supports both CAS, CCS signaling format together with Clear Channel without signal-  
ing.  
12.2.1 How to configure the framer to choose FAS searching algorithm  
The XRT84L38 framer can use two algorithms to search for FAS pattern and thus declare FAS alignment syn-  
chronization. The FAS Selection bit of the Framing Select Register (FSR) allows the user to choose which one  
of the two algorithms for searching FAS frame alignment.  
386  
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The table below shows configurations of the FAS Selection bit of the Framing Select Register (FSR).  
FRAMING SELECT REGISTER (FSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X07H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
0
FAS Selection bit  
R/W  
This Read/Write bit field allows the user to determine which algorithm is  
used for searching FAS frame alignment pattern. When an FAS alignment  
pattern is found and locked, the XRT84L38 will generate Receive Synchro-  
nization (RxSync_n) pulse.  
0 - Algorithm 1 is selected for searching FAS frame alignment pattern.  
1 - Algorithm 2 is selected for searching FAS frame alignment pattern.  
12.2.2 How to configure the framer to enable CRC-4 Multi-frame alignment and select the locking cri-  
teria  
The CRC-4 Selection [1:0] bits of the Framing Select Register (FSR) enable the framer to search for CRC-4  
Multi-frame alignment and select the criteria for locking the CRC-4 Multi-frame alignment.  
The table below shows configurations of the CRC-4 Selection [1:0] bit of the Framing Select Register (FSR).  
FRAMING SELECT REGISTER (FSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X07H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
3-2  
CRC-4 Selection  
bit  
R/W  
Theses Read/Write bit fields allow the user to enable searching of CRC-4  
Multi-frame alignment and determine what criteria are used for locking the  
CRC-4 Multi-frame alignment pattern.  
00 - Searching of CRC-4 Multi-frame alignment is disabled. The  
XRT84L38 framer will not search for CRC-4 Multi-frame alignment and  
thus will not declare CRC-4 Multi-frame synchronization. No Receive  
CRC-4 Multi-frame Synchronization (RxCRCMsync_n) pulse will be gener-  
ated by the framer.  
01 - Searching of CRC-4 Multi-frame alignment is enabled. The XRT84L38  
will search for and declare CRC-4 Multi-frame synchronization if:  
At least one valid CRC-4 Multi-frame alignment signal is observed within 8  
ms.  
10 - Searching of CRC-4 Multi-frame alignment is enabled. The XRT84L38  
will search for and declare CRC-4 Multi-frame synchronization if:  
At least two valid CRC-4 Multi-frame alignment signals are observed within  
8 ms.  
The time separating two CRC-4 Multi-frame alignment signals is multiple  
of 2 ms.  
11 - Searching of CRC-4 Multi-frame alignment is enabled. The XRT84L38  
will search for and declare CRC-4 Multi-frame synchronization if:  
At least three valid CRC-4 Multi-frame alignment signals are observed  
within 8 ms.  
The time separating two CRC-4 Multi-frame alignment signals is multiple  
of 2 ms.  
12.2.3 How to configure the framer to enable CAS Multi-frame alignment  
The XRT84L38 framer can use two algorithms to search for CAS Multi-frame alignment pattern. Upon detect-  
ing of CAS Multi-frame alignment pattern, the framer will declare CAS Multi-frame alignment synchronization  
and generate the Receive CAS Multi-frame synchronization pulse (RxCASMsync_n). The CAS Selection [1:0]  
bits of the Framing Select Register (FSR) enable the framer to search for CAS Multi-frame alignment.  
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OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
The table below shows configurations of the CAS Selection [1:0] bit of the Framing Select Register (FSR).  
FRAMING SELECT REGISTER (FSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X07H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
5-4  
CAS Selection bit  
R/W  
These Read/Write bit fields allow the user to enable searching of CAS  
Multi-frame alignment and determine which algorithm of the two are used  
for locking the CAS Multi-frame alignment pattern.  
00 - Searching of CAS Multi-frame alignment is disabled. The XRT84L38  
framer will not search for CAS Multi-frame alignment and thus will not  
declare CAS Multi-frame synchronization. No Receive CAS Multi-frame  
Synchronization (RxCRCMsync_n) pulse will be generated by the framer.  
01 - Searching of CAS Multi-frame alignment is enabled. The XRT84L38  
will search for and declare CAS Multi-frame synchronization using Algo-  
rithm 1.  
10 - Searching of CAS Multi-frame alignment is enabled. The XRT84L38  
will search for and declare CAS Multi-frame synchronization using Algo-  
rithm 2 (G.732).  
11 - Searching of CAS Multi-frame alignment is disabled. The XRT84L38  
framer will not search for CAS Multi-frame alignment and thus will not  
declare CAS Multi-frame synchronization. No Receive CAS Multi-frame  
Synchronization (RxCRCMsync_n) pulse will be generated by the framer.  
12.3 HOW TO CONFIGURE THE FRAMER TO APPLY DATA AND SIGNALING CONDITIONING TO RECEIVED E1 PAY-  
LOAD DATA ON A PER-CHANNEL BASIS  
The XRT84L38 T1/J1/E1 Octal Framer provides individual control of each of the thirty two DS0 channels. The  
user can apply data and signaling conditioning to the received E1 payload data coming from the E1 LIU Re-  
ceive Block on a per-channel basis.  
The XRT84L38 framer can apply the following changes to the received E1 payload data coming from the Ter-  
minal Equipment on a per-channel basis:  
All 8 bits of the received payload data are inverted  
The even bits of the received payload data are inverted  
The odd bits of the received payload data are inverted  
The MSB of the received payload data is inverted  
All received payload data except the MSB are inverted  
Configurations of the XRT84L38 framer to apply the above-mentioned changes to the received E1 PAYLOAD  
data are controlled by the Receive Data Conditioning Select [3:0] bits of the Receive Channel Control Register  
(RCCR) of each DS0 channel.  
The XRT84L38 framer can also replace the incoming E1 payload data from the E1 LIU Receive Block with pre-  
defined or user-defined codes. The XRT84L38 supports the following conditioning substitutions:  
BUSY code - an octet with hexadecimal value of 0x7F  
BUSY_TS code - an octet of pattern "111xxxxx" where "xxxxx" represents the timeslot number  
VACANT code - an octet with hexadecimal value of 0xFF  
A-law Digital Milliwatt code  
u-law Digital Milliwatt code  
IDLE code - an octet defined by the value stored in the User IDLE Code Register (UCR)  
MOOF code - MUX-Out-Of-Frame code with hexadecimal value of 0x1A  
388  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
PRBS code - an octet generated by the Pseudo-Random Bit Sequence (PRBS) Generator block of the  
framer  
Once again, configuration of the XRT84L38 framer to replace the received E1 payload data with the above-  
mentioned coding schemes are controlled by the Receive Data Conditioning Select [3:0] bits of the Receive  
Channel Control Register (RCCR) of each DS0 channel.  
Finally, the XRT84L38 framer can configure any one or ones of the thirty two DS0 channels to be D or E chan-  
nels. D channel is used primarily for data link applications. E channel is used primarily for signaling for circuit  
switching with multiple access configurations.  
The Receive Data Conditioning Select [3:0] bits of the Receive Channel Control Register (RCCR) of each  
channel determine whether that particular channel is configured as D or E channel.  
The table below illustrates configurations of the Receive Data Conditioning Select [3:0] bits of the Receive  
Channel Control Register (RCCR).  
RECEIVE CHANNEL CONTROL REGISTER (RCCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN2H, 0X60H - 0X7FH)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
3-0  
Receive Condition-  
ing Select  
R/W  
0000 - The received E1 payload data of this DS0 channel is unchanged.  
0001 - All 8 bits of the input E1 payload data of this DS0 channel are  
inverted.  
0010 - The even bits of the input E1 payload data of this DS0 channel are  
inverted.  
0011 - The odd bits of the input E1 payload data of this DS0 channel are  
inverted.  
0100 - The input E1 payload data of this DS0 channel are replaced by the  
octet stored in User IDLE Code Register (UCR).  
0101 - The input E1 payload data of this DS0 channel are replaced by  
BUSY code (0x7F).  
0110 - The input E1 payload data of this DS0 channel are replaced by  
VACANT code (0xFF).  
0111 - The input E1 payload data of this DS0 channel are replaced by  
BUSY_TS code (111xxxxx).  
1000 - The input E1 payload data of this DS0 channel are replaced by  
MUX-Out-Of-Frame (MOOF) code with value 0x1A.  
1001 - The input E1 payload data of this DS0 channel are replaced by the  
A-law digital milliwatt pattern.  
1010 - The input E1 payload data of this DS0 channel are replaced by the  
u-law digital milliwatt pattern.  
1011 - The MSB bit of the input E1 payload data of this DS0 channel is  
inverted.  
1100 - All bits of the input E1 payload data of this DS0 channel except  
MSB bit are inverted.  
1101 - The input E1 payload data of this DS0 channel are replaced by  
PRBS pattern created by the internal PRBS Generator of XRT84L38  
framer.  
1110 - The input E1 payload data of this DS0 channel is unchanged.  
1111 - This channel is configured as D or E timeslot.  
When the Receive Data Conditioning Select [3:0] bits of the Receive Channel Control Register (RCCR) of a  
particular DS0 channel are set to 0100, the received E1 payload data of this DS0 channel are replaced by the  
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áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
octet stored in the Receive User IDLE Code Register (RUCR). The table below shows contents of the Receive  
User IDLE Code Register.  
RECEIVE USER IDLE CODE REGISTER (UCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN02H, 0X80H - 0X97H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7-0  
User IDLE Code  
R/W  
These READ/WRITE bit-fields permits the user store any value of IDLE  
code into the framer. When the Receive Data Conditioning Select [3:0] bits  
of RCCR register of a particular DS0 channel are set to 0100, the received  
E1 payload data are replaced by contents of this register and sent to the  
Terminal Equipment.  
12.4 HOW TO CONFIGURE THE XRT84L38 FRAMER TO EXTRACT ROBBED-BIT SIGNALING INFORMATION  
The XRT84L38 T1/J1/E1 Octal Framer supports insertion of Robbed-bit Signaling information into the outgoing  
E1 frame. It also supports extraction and substitution of Robbed-bit Signaling information from the incoming E1  
frame. The following section describes how does the XRT84L38 framer extract and substitute Robbed-bit Sig-  
naling in E1 mode.  
12.4.1 Configure the framer to receive and extract Robbed-bit Signaling  
The XRT84L38 framer supports receiving and extraction of CAS signaling. The Receive Signaling Extraction  
Control [1:0] bits of the Receive Signaling Control Register (RSCR) of each channel select either:  
No signaling extraction  
Two-code signaling  
Four-code signaling or  
Sixteen-code signaling  
The table below shows configurations of the Receive Signaling Extraction Control [1:0] bits of the Receive Sig-  
naling Control Register.  
RECEIVE SIGNALING CONTROL REGISTER (RSCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN2H, 0XA0H - 0XB7H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
1-0  
Signaling  
Extraction Control  
R/W  
00 - The XRT84L38 framer does not extract signaling information from  
incoming E1 payload data.  
01 - The XRT84L38 framer extracts sixteen-code signaling information  
from incoming E1 payload data.  
10 - The XRT84L38 framer extracts four-code signaling information from  
incoming E1 payload data.  
11 - The XRT84L38 framer extracts two-code signaling information from  
incoming E1 payload data.  
Upon receiving and extraction of signaling bits from the incoming E1 frames, the XRT84L38 framer compares  
the signaling bits with the previously received ones. If there is a change of signaling data, a Signaling Update  
(SIG) interrupt request may be generated at the end of an E1 multi-frame. The user can thus be notified of a  
Change of Signaling Data event.  
To enable the Signaling Update interrupt, the Signaling Change Interrupt Enable bit of the Framer Interrupt En-  
able Register (FIER) has to be set. In addition, the T1/E1 Framer Interrupt Enable bit of the Block Interrupt En-  
able Register (BIER) needs to be one.  
390  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
The table below shows configurations of the Signaling Change Interrupt Enable bit of the Framer Interrupt En-  
able Register.  
FRAMER INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER (FIER) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X05H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
5
Signaling Change  
Interrupt Enable  
R/W  
0 - The Signaling Update interrupt is disabled.  
1 - The Signaling Update interrupt is enabled.  
The table below shows configurations of the T1/E1 Framer Interrupt Enable bit of the Block Interrupt Enable  
Register.  
BLOCK INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER (BIER) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X00H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
1
T1/E1 Framer  
Interrupt Enable  
R/W  
0 - Every interrupt generated by the Framer Interrupt Status Register  
(FISR) is disabled.  
1 - Every interrupt generated by the Framer Interrupt Status Register  
(FISR) is enabled.  
When these interrupt enable bits are set and the signaling information received is changed, the E1 Receive  
Framer block will set the Signaling Updated status bit of the Framer Interrupt Status Register (FISR) to one.  
This status indicator is valid until the Framer Interrupt Status Register is read. Reading this register clears the  
associated interrupt if Reset-Upon-Read is selected in Interrupt Control Register (ICR). Otherwise, a write-to-  
clear operation by the microprocessor is required to reset these status indicators.  
The table below shows the Signaling Update status bits of the Framer Interrupt Status Register.  
FRAMER INTERRUPT STATUS REGISTER (FISR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X04H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
5
Signaling Updated  
RUR /  
WC  
0 - There is no change of signaling information in the incoming E1 payload  
data.  
1 - There is change of signaling information in the incoming E1 payload  
data.  
Now, there is only one problem remains. Since there are thirty two DS0 channels in E1, how do we know sig-  
naling information of which channel is changed?  
To solve this problem, the XRT84L38 provides three 8-bit Signaling Change Registers to indicate the chan-  
nel(s) which signaling data change had occurred over the last E1 multi-frame period. Each bit of the Signaling  
Change Registers represents one timeslot of the E1 frame. If any particular bit is zero, it means there is no  
change of signaling data occurred in that particular timeslot over the last E1 multi-frame period. If any particular  
bit is one, it means there is change of signaling data occurred over the last E1 multi-frame period.  
391  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
The table below shows configurations of the Signaling Change Registers.  
SIGNALING CHANGE REGISTERS (SCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X0DH - 0X10H)  
LOCATION \ BIT  
0xn0H - 0x0DH  
0xn0H - 0x0EH  
0xn0H - 0x0FH  
0xn0H - 0x0FH  
BIT 7  
Ch 0  
BIT 6  
Ch 1  
BIT 5  
Ch 2  
BIT 4  
Ch 3  
BIT 3  
Ch 4  
BIT 2  
Ch 5  
BIT 1  
Ch 6  
BIT 0  
Ch 7  
Ch 8  
Ch 9  
Ch 10  
Ch 18  
Ch 26  
Ch 11  
Ch 19  
Ch 27  
Ch 12  
Ch 20  
Ch 28  
Ch 13  
Ch 21  
Ch 29  
Ch 14  
Ch 22  
Ch 30  
Ch 15  
Ch 23  
Ch 31  
Ch 16  
Ch 24  
Ch 17  
Ch 25  
By reading contents of the Signaling Update status bits of the Framer Interrupt Status Register and the Signal-  
ing Change Registers, the user can clearly identify which one(s) of the thirty-two DS0 channels has changed  
signaling information over the last multi-frame period.  
Depending on configurations of the XRT84L38 framer, the signaling bits can be extracted from the incoming E1  
frame and direct to all or any one of the following destinations:  
Signaling data is stored to Receive Signaling Register Array (RSRA) of each channel  
Signaling data is sent to the Terminal Equipment through the Receive Signaling Output pin (RxSig_n)  
Signaling data is sent to the Terminal Equipment through the Receive Overhead Output pin (RxOH_n)  
Signaling data is embedded into the output PCM data sending towards the Terminal Equipment through the  
Receive Serial Output pin (RxSer_n)  
The follow sections discuss how to configure the XRT84L38 framer to extract signaling information bits and  
send them to different destinations.  
12.4.1.1 Store Signaling Bits into RSRA Register Array  
The four least significant bits of the Receive Signaling Register Array (RSRA) of each timeslot can be used to  
store received signaling data. The user can read these bits through microprocessor access. If the XRT84L38  
framer is configure to extract signaling bits from incoming E1 payload data, the E1 Receive Framer block will  
strip off the CAS signaling bits from time slot 16 of the incoming E1 frames and store them into appropriate lo-  
cations of the RSRA. The extraction of signaling bit from E1 PCM data is done on a per-channel basis. The Bit  
3 of RSRA register is used to hole Signaling bit A. Bit 2 is used to hold Signaling bit B. Bit 1 is used to hold Sig-  
naling bit C. Bit 0 is used to hold Signaling bit D.  
The table below shows the four least significant bits of the Receive Signaling Register Array.  
RECEIVE SIGNALING REGISTER ARRAY (RSRA) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN4H, 0X00H - 0X1FH)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
3
2
1
0
Signaling Bit A  
Signaling Bit B  
Signaling Bit C  
Signaling Bit D  
R/W  
R/W  
R/W  
R/W  
This bit is used to store Signaling Bit A that is received and extracted.  
This bit is used to store Signaling Bit B that is received and extracted.  
This bit is used to store Signaling Bit C that is received and extracted.  
This bit is used to store Signaling Bit D that is received and extracted.  
12.4.1.2 Outputting Signaling Bits through RxSig_n Pin  
The XRT84L38 framer can be configure to output extracted signaling bits to external equipment through the  
RxSig_n pins. This pin is a multiplexed I/O pin with two functions:  
RxTSb[0]_n - Receive Timeslot Number Bit [0] Output pin  
RxSig_n - Receive Signaling Output pin  
392  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
When the Receive Fractional E1 bit of the Receive Interface Control Register (RICR) is set to 0, this pin is con-  
figured as RxTSb[0]_n pin, it outputs bit 0 of the timeslot number of the E1 PCM data that is receiving.  
When the Receive Fractional E1 bit of the Receive Interface Control Register (RICR) is set to 1, this pin is con-  
figured as RxSig_n pin, it acts as an output source for the signaling bits to be received in the inbound E1  
frames.  
The table below shows configurations of the Receive Fractional E1 bit of the Receive Interface Control Register  
(RICR).  
RECEIVE INTERFACE CONTROL REGISTER (RICR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X20H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
4
Receive Fractional  
E1  
R/W  
This READ/WRITE bit-field permits the user to determine which one of the  
two functions the multiplexed I/O pin of RxTSb[0]_n/RxSig_n is spotting.  
0 - This pin is configured as RxTSb[0]_n pin, it outputs bit 0 of the timeslot  
number of the E1 PCM data that is receiving.  
1 - This pin is configured as RxSig_n pin, it acts as an output source for the  
signaling bits to be received in the inbound E1 frames  
Figure 125 below is a timing diagram of the RxSig_n output pin. Please note that the Signaling Bit A of a cer-  
tain timeslot coincides with Bit 3 of the Received serial output data; Signaling Bit B coincides with Bit 2 of the  
Received serial output data; Signaling Bit C coincides with Bit 1 of the Received serial output data and Signal-  
ing Bit D coincides with Bit 0 of the Received serial output data.  
FIGURE 125. TIMING DIAGRAM OF RXSIG_N OUTPUT PIN  
Timeslot 0  
Timeslot 5  
Timeslot 6  
Input Data  
Timeslot 16  
Input Data  
RxSerClk  
RxSer  
RxSig  
A B C D  
A B C D  
A B C D  
A B C D  
12.4.1.3 Outputting Signaling Bits from RxOH_n Pin  
The XRT84L38 framer can be configure to output extracted signaling bits to external equipment through the  
Receive Overhead RxOH_n output pins.  
The RxOH_n pin can acts as an output source for the signaling bits to be received in the inbound E1 frames.  
When this pin is chosen as the output source for the signaling bits, any data presents in time slot 16 of the in-  
coming E1 frames would be presented onto the pin directly.  
Please note that the Signaling bit A of Channel 1-15 coincides with Bit 1 of the PCM data; Signaling bit B Chan-  
nel 1-15 coincides with Bit 2 of the PCM data; Signaling bit C Channel 1-15 coincides with Bit 3 of the PCM;  
Signaling bit D Channel 1-15 coincides with Bit 4 of the PCM data.  
Similarly, the Signaling bit A of Channel 17-31 coincides with Bit 5 of the PCM data; Signaling bit B Channel  
17-31 coincides with Bit 6 of the PCM data; Signaling bit C Channel 17-31 coincides with Bit 7 of the PCM; Sig-  
naling bit D Channel 17-31 coincides with Bit 8 of the PCM data.  
Figure 126 below is a timing diagram of the RxOH_n output pin.  
FIGURE 126. TIMING DIAGRAM OF THE RXOH_N OUTPUT PIN  
393  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
(REDRAW) Figure ?: Timing diagram of the RxOH_n Output pin  
The Receive Signaling Output Enable bit of the Receive Signaling Control Register (RSCR) determines wheth-  
er the extracted signaling bits will be sent through the Receive Overhead Output pin (RxOH_n) to external  
equipments. The table below shows configurations of the Receive Overhead Output Enable bit of the Receive  
Signaling Control Register.  
RECEIVE SIGNALING CONTROL REGISTER (RSCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN2H, 0XA0H - 0XBFH)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
5
Receive Signaling  
Output Enable  
R/W  
0 - The XRT84L38 framer will not send extracted signaling bits from the  
incoming E1 payload data to external equipment through the Receive  
Overhead Output pin (RxOH_n).  
1 - The XRT84L38 framer will send extracted signaling bits from the incom-  
ing E1 payload data to external equipment through the Receive Overhead  
Output pin (RxOH_n).  
12.4.1.4 Send Signaling Data through RxSer_n Pin  
As mentioned in the above sections, signaling information embedded in the incoming E1 PCM data can be  
sent to either the RSRA register array and/or sent through the Receive Signaling Output pin, at the same time,  
the signaling data will be directed to the Receive Serial Data Output pin together with other incoming E1 pay-  
load data. The external equipment can thus still extract signaling data from the received E1 payload data sepa-  
rately.  
12.4.1.5 Signaling Data Substitution  
After channel conditioning, the signaling conditioning can be optionally enabled by the RSCR registers. The ac-  
tual signaling bits in each channel can be replaced either with all ones or with signaling bits stored in the Re-  
ceive Substitution Signaling Register (RSSR). To enable signaling substitution, the Receive Signaling Substitu-  
tion Enable bit of the Receive Signaling Control Register (RSCR) has to be set to one. The table below shows  
configuration of the Receive Signaling Substitution Enable bit of the Receive Signaling Control Register.  
RECEIVE SIGNALING CONTROL REGISTER (RSCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN2H, 0XA0H - 0XBFH)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
6
Receive Signaling  
Substitution  
Enable  
R/W  
0 - Signaling Substitution is disabled. The XRT84L38 framer will not  
replace extracted signaling bits from the incoming E1 payload data with all  
ones or with signaling bits stored in RSSR registers.  
1 - Signaling Substitution is enabled. The XRT84L38 framer will replace  
extracted signaling bits from the incoming E1 payload data with all ones or  
with signaling bits stored in RSSR registers.  
As mentioned before, the actual signaling bits in each channel can be replaced either with all ones or with sig-  
naling bits stored in the Receive Substitution Signaling Register (RSSR). The table below shows configurations  
of the Receive Substitution Signaling Register.  
RECEIVE SUBSTITUTION SIGNALING REGISTER (RSSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN02H, 0X80H -  
0X9FH)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7-4  
Reserved  
R/W  
394  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
RECEIVE SUBSTITUTION SIGNALING REGISTER (RSSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN02H, 0X80H -  
0X9FH)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
3
SIG16-A  
SIG4-A  
SIG2-A  
Sixteen-Code Signaling bit A  
Four-Code Signaling bit A  
Two-Code Signaling bit A  
2
1
0
SIG16-B  
SIG4-B  
SIG2-A  
Sixteen-Code Signaling bit B  
Four-Code Signaling bit B  
Two-Code Signaling bit A  
SIG16-C  
SIG4-A  
SIG2-A  
Sixteen-Code Signaling bit C  
Four-Code Signaling bit A  
Two-Code Signaling bit A  
SIG16-D  
SIG4-B  
SIG2-A  
Sixteen-Code Signaling bit D  
Four-Code Signaling bit B  
Two-Code Signaling bit A  
The Receive Signaling Substitution Control [1:0] bits can select all ones substitution, two-code signaling substi-  
tution, four-code signaling substitution, or sixteen-code signaling.  
The XRT84L38 framer can substitute received signaling bits with all ones. Two-code signaling substitution is  
done by substituting all the four signaling bits with the content of the SIG2-A bit of the register. Four-code sig-  
naling substitution is done by substituting the first two signaling bits of the four with the SIG4-A bit and the last  
two signaling bits of the four with the SIG4-B bit of the RSSR register. Sixteen-code signaling substitution is  
implemented by substituting the four signaling bits with the content of SIG16-A, SIG16-B, SIG16-C, and SIG16-  
D bits of RSSR register respectively.  
The table below shows configurations of the Receive Signaling Substitution Control [1:0] bits of the Receive  
Signaling Control Register.  
RECEIVE SIGNALING CONTROL REGISTER (RSCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN2H, 0X40H - 0X5FH)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
3-2  
Receive Signaling  
Substitution Con-  
trol  
R/W  
00 - The received signaling bits are replaced by all ones and send to the  
external equipment.  
01 - Two-code signaling substitution is applied to the received signaling  
bits. The replaced signaling information is sent to the external equipment.  
10 - Four-code signaling substitution is applied to the received signaling  
bits. The replaced signaling information is sent to the external equipment.  
11 - Sixteen-code signaling substitution is applied to the received signaling  
bits. The replaced signaling information is sent to the external equipment.  
12.5 HOW TO CONFIGURE THE FRAMER TO DETECT ALARMS AND ERROR CONDITIONS  
The XRT84L38 T1/J1/E1 Octal Framer can be configured to monitor quality of received E1 frames. It can gen-  
erate error indicators if the local receive framer has received error frames from the remote terminal. If corre-  
sponding interrupt is enabled, the local microprocessor operation is interrupted by these error conditions. Upon  
microprocessor interruption, the user can intervene by looking into the error conditions.  
At the same time, the user can configure the XRT84L38 framer to receive alarms and error indications to re-  
mote terminal. Different alarms and error indications will be received depending on the error condition.  
395  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
The section below gives a brief discussion of the error conditions that can be detected by the XRT84L38 framer  
and error indications that will be generated.  
12.5.1 How to configure the framer to detect AIS Alarm  
Transmission of Alarm Indication Signal (AIS) or Blue Alarm by the intermediate node indicates that the equip-  
ment is still functioning but unable to offer services. It is an all ones (except for framing bits) pattern which can  
be used by the equipment further down the line to maintain clock recovery and timing synchronization.  
The XRT84L38 framer can detect three types of AIS in E1 mode:  
Framed AIS  
Unframed AIS  
AIS16  
Unframed AIS is an all ones pattern. If unframed AIS is sent, the equipment further down the line will be able to  
maintain timing synchronization and be able to recover clock from the received AIS signal. However, due to the  
lack of framing bits, the equipment farther down the line will not be able to maintain frame synchronization and  
will declare Loss of Frame (LOF).  
On the other hand, the payload portion of a framed AIS pattern is all ones. However, a framed AIS pattern still  
has correct framing bits. Therefore, the equipment further down the line can still maintain frame synchroniza-  
tion as well as timing synchronization. In this case, no LOF or Red alarm will be declared.  
"AIS16" is an AIS alarm that only supported in E1 framing format. It is an all ones pattern in time slot 16 of each  
E1 frame. As we mentioned before, time slot 16 is usually used for signaling and data link in E1, therefore, an  
"AIS16" alarm is transmitted by the intermediate node to indicate that the data link channel is having a prob-  
lem. Since all the other thirty one time slots are still transmitting normal data (that is, framing information and  
PCM data), therefore, the equipment further down the line can still maintain frame synchronization, timing syn-  
chronization as well as receiving PCM data. In this case, no LOF or Red alarm will be declared by the equip-  
ments further down the line. However, a CAS Multi-frame Yellow Alarm will be sent by the equipment further  
down the line to indicate the loss of CAS Multi-frame alignment.  
The Alarm indication logic within the Receive Framer block of the XRT84L38 framer monitors the incoming E1  
frames for AIS (both framed and unframed) and AIS16 errors.  
AIS alarm condition are detected and declared according to the following procedure:  
1. The incoming E1 frames are monitored for AIS detection. AIS detection is defined as an unframed or  
framed pattern with less than three zeros in two consecutive frames. In the case of framed AIS, time slot 0  
is excluded.  
2. An AIS detection counter within the Receive Framer block of the XRT84L38 counts the occurrences of AIS  
detection over a 4 ms interval. It will indicate a valid AIS flag when thirteen or more of a possible sixteen  
AIS are detected.  
3. Each 4 ms interval with a valid AIS flag increments a flag counter which declares AIS alarm when 25 valid  
flags have been collected.  
Therefore, AIS condition has to be persisted for 104 ms before AIS alarm condition is declared by the  
XRT84L38 framer.  
If there is no valid AIS flag over a 4ms interval, the Alarm indication logic will decrement the flag counter. The  
AIS alarm is removed when the counter reaches 0. That is, AIS alarm will be removed if in over 104 ms, there  
is no valid AIS flag.  
AIS16 alarm condition are detected and declared according to the following procedure:  
1. The incoming E1 frames are monitored for AIS16 detection. AIS16 detection is defined as two consecutive  
all ones time slot 16 bytes while CAS Multi-frame alignment pattern is missing or CAS Multi-frame is out of  
synchronization.  
2. An AIS16 detection counter within the Receive Framer block of the XRT84L38 counts the occurrences of  
AIS16 detection.  
3. Each valid AIS flag increments a flag counter which declares AIS alarm when 22 valid flags have been col-  
lected.  
396  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
If there is no valid AIS16 flag, the Alarm indication logic will decrement the flag counter. The AIS16 alarm is re-  
moved when the counter reaches 0.  
The Alarm Indication Signal Detection Select [1:0] bits of the Alarm Generation Register (AGR) enable the  
three types of AIS detection that are supported by the XRT84L38 framer. The table below shows configurations  
of the Alarm Indication Signal Detection Select [1:0] bits of the Alarm Generation Register (AGR).  
ALARM GENERATION REGISTER (AGR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X08H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
1-0  
AIS Detection  
Select  
R/W  
00 - AIS alarm detection is disabled.  
01 - Detection of unframed AIS alarm of all ones pattern is enabled.  
10 - Detection of AIS16 alarm is enabled.  
11 - Detection of framed AIS alarm of all ones pattern except for framing  
bits is enabled.  
If detection of unframed or framed AIS alarm is enabled by the user and if AIS is present in the incoming E1  
frame, the XRT84L38 framer can generate a Receive AIS State Change interrupt associated with the setting of  
Receive AIS State Change bit of the Alarm and Error Status Register to one.  
To enable the Receive AIS State Change interrupt, the Receive AIS State Change Interrupt Enable bit of the  
Alarm and Error Interrupt Enable Register (AEIER) have to be set to one. In addition, the Alarm and Error Inter-  
rupt Enable bit of the Block Interrupt Enable Register (BIER) needs to be one.  
The table below shows configurations of the Receive AIS State Change Interrupt Enable bit of the Alarm and  
Error Interrupt Enable Register (AEIER).  
ALARM AND ERROR INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER (AEIER) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X03H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
1
Receive AIS State  
Change Interrupt  
Enable  
R/W  
0 - The Receive AIS State Change interrupt is disabled.  
1 - The Receive AIS State Change interrupt is enabled.  
The table below shows configurations of the Alarm and Error Interrupt Enable bit of the Block Interrupt Enable  
Register.  
BLOCK INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER (BIER) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X01H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
1
Alarm and Error  
Interrupt Enable  
R/W  
0 - Every interrupt generated by the Alarm and Error Interrupt Status Reg-  
ister (AEISR) is disabled.  
1 - Every interrupt generated by the Alarm and Error Interrupt Status Reg-  
ister (AEISR) is enabled.  
When these interrupt enable bits are set and AIS is present in the incoming E1 frame, the XRT84L38 framer  
will declare AIS by doing the following:  
Set the read-only Receive AIS State bit of the Alarm and Error Status Register (AESR) to one indicating  
there is AIS alarm detected in the incoming E1 frame.  
Set the Receive AIS State Change bit of the Alarm and Error Status Register to one indicating there is a  
change in state of AIS. This status indicator is valid until the Framer Interrupt Status Register is read.  
397  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
Reading this register clears the associated interrupt if Reset-Upon-Read is selected in Interrupt Control Regis-  
ter (ICR). Otherwise, a write-to-clear operation by the microprocessor is required to reset these status indica-  
tors.  
The table below shows the Receive AIS State Change status bits of the Alarm and Error Status Register.  
ALARM AND ERROR STATUS REGISTER (AESR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X02H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
1
Receive AIS State  
Change  
RUR /  
WC  
0 - There is no change of AIS state in the incoming E1 payload data.  
1 - There is change of AIS state in the incoming E1 payload data.  
The Receive AIS State bit of the Alarm and Error Status Register (AESR), on the other hand, is a read-only bit  
indicating there is AIS alarm detected in the incoming E1 frame.  
The table below shows the Receive AIS State status bits of the Alarm and Error Status Register.  
ALARM AND ERROR STATUS REGISTER (AESR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X02H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
6
Receive AIS State  
R
0 - There is no AIS alarm condition detected in the incoming E1 payload  
data.  
1 - There is AIS alarm condition detected in the incoming E1 payload data.  
12.5.2 How to configure the framer to detect Red Alarm  
The Alarm indication logic within the Receive Framer block of the XRT84L38 framer monitors the incoming E1  
frames for red alarm or Loss of Frame (LOF) condition. Red alarm condition are detected and declared accord-  
ing to the following procedure:  
1. The red alarm is detected by monitoring the occurrence of Loss of Frame (LOF) over a 4 ms interval.  
2. An LOF valid flag will be posted on the interval when one or more LOF occurred during the interval.  
3. Each interval with a valid LOF flag increments a flag counter which declares RED alarm when 25 valid  
intervals have been accumulated.  
4. An interval without valid LOF flag decrements the flag counter. The Red alarm is removed when the  
counter reaches zero.  
If LOF condition is present in the incoming E1 frame, the XRT84L38 framer can generate a Receive Red Alarm  
State Change interrupt associated with the setting of Receive Red Alarm State Change bit of the Alarm and Er-  
ror Status Register to one.  
To enable the Receive Red Alarm State Change interrupt, the Receive Red Alarm State Change Interrupt En-  
able bit of the Alarm and Error Interrupt Enable Register (AEIER) has to be set to one. In addition, the Alarm  
and Error Interrupt Enable bit of the Block Interrupt Enable Register (BIER) needs to be one.  
398  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
The table below shows configurations of the Receive Red Alarm State Change Interrupt Enable bit of the Alarm  
and Error Interrupt Enable Register (AEIER).  
ALARM AND ERROR INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER (AEIER) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X03H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
2
ReceiveRedAlarm  
State Change  
Interrupt Enable  
R/W  
0 - The Receive Red Alarm State Change interrupt is disabled. No Receive  
Loss of Frame (RxLOF) interrupt will be generated upon detection of LOF  
condition.  
1 - The Receive Red Alarm State Change interrupt is enabled. Receive  
Loss of Frame (RxLOF) interrupt will be generated upon detection of LOF  
condition.  
The table below shows configurations of the Alarm and Error Interrupt Enable bit of the Block Interrupt Enable  
Register.  
BLOCK INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER (BIER) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X01H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
1
Alarm and Error  
Interrupt Enable  
R/W  
0 - Every interrupt generated by the Alarm and Error Interrupt Status Reg-  
ister (AEISR) is disabled.  
1 - Every interrupt generated by the Alarm and Error Interrupt Status Reg-  
ister (AEISR) is enabled.  
When these interrupt enable bits are set and Red Alarm is present in the incoming E1 frame, the XRT84L38  
framer will declare Red Alarm by doing the following:  
Set the read-only Receive Red Alarm State bit of the Alarm and Error Status Register (AESR) to one indicat-  
ing there is Red Alarm detected in the incoming E1 frame.  
Set the Receive Red Alarm State Change bit of the Alarm and Error Status Register to one indicating there is  
a change in state of Red Alarm. This status indicator is valid until the Framer Interrupt Status Register is  
read.  
Reading this register clears the associated interrupt if Reset-Upon-Read is selected in Interrupt Control Regis-  
ter (ICR). Otherwise, a write-to-clear operation by the microprocessor is required to reset these status indica-  
tors.  
The table below shows the Receive Red Alarm State Change status bits of the Alarm and Error Status Regis-  
ter.  
ALARM AND ERROR STATUS REGISTER (AESR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X02H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
2
ReceiveRedAlarm  
State Change  
RUR /  
WC  
0 - There is no change of Red Alarm state in the incoming E1 payload  
data.  
1 - There is change of Red Alarm state in the incoming E1 payload data.  
The Receive Red Alarm State bit of the Alarm and Error Status Register (AESR), on the other hand, is a read-  
only bit indicating there is Red Alarm detected in the incoming E1 frame.  
399  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
The table below shows the Receive Red Alarm State status bits of the Alarm and Error Status Register.  
ALARM AND ERROR STATUS REGISTER (AESR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X02H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7
ReceiveRedAlarm  
State  
R
0 - There is no Red Alarm condition detected in the incoming E1 payload  
data.  
1 - There is Red Alarm condition detected in the incoming E1 payload  
data.  
12.5.3 How to configure the framer to detect Yellow Alarm  
The Alarm indication logic within the Receive Framer block of the XRT84L38 framer monitors the incoming E1  
frames for Yellow Alarm condition. The yellow alarm is detected and declared according to the following proce-  
dure:  
1. Monitor the occurrence of Yellow Alarm pattern over a 4 ms interval. A YEL valid flag will be posted on the  
interval when Yellow Alarm pattern occurred during the interval.  
2. Each interval with a valid YEL flag increments a flag counter which declares YEL alarm when 80 valid  
intervals have been accumulated.  
3. An interval without valid YEL flag decrements the flag counter. The YEL alarm is removed when the  
counter reaches zero.  
If Yellow Alarm condition is present in the incoming E1 frame, the XRT84L38 framer can generate a Receive  
Yellow Alarm State Change interrupt associated with the setting of Receive Yellow Alarm State Change bit of  
the Alarm and Error Status Register to one.  
To enable the Receive Yellow Alarm State Change interrupt, the Receive Yellow Alarm State Change Interrupt  
Enable bit of the Alarm and Error Interrupt Enable Register (AEIER) has to be set to one. In addition, the Alarm  
and Error Interrupt Enable bit of the Block Interrupt Enable Register (BIER) needs to be one.  
The table below shows configurations of the Receive Yellow Alarm State Change Interrupt Enable bit of the  
Alarm and Error Interrupt Enable Register (AEIER).  
ALARM AND ERROR INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER (AEIER) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X03H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
0
Receive Yellow  
Alarm State  
Change Interrupt  
Enable  
R/W  
0 - The Receive Yellow Alarm State Change interrupt is disabled. Any state  
change of Receive Yellow Alarm will not generate an interrupt.  
1 - The Receive Yellow Alarm State Change interrupt is enabled. Any state  
change of Receive Yellow Alarm will generate an interrupt.  
The table below shows configurations of the Alarm and Error Interrupt Enable bit of the Block Interrupt Enable  
Register.  
BLOCK INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER (BIER) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X01H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
1
Alarm and Error  
Interrupt Enable  
R/W  
0 - Every interrupt generated by the Alarm and Error Interrupt Status Reg-  
ister (AEISR) is disabled.  
1 - Every interrupt generated by the Alarm and Error Interrupt Status Reg-  
ister (AEISR) is enabled.  
400  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
When these interrupt enable bits are set and Yellow Alarm is present in the incoming E1 frame, the XRT84L38  
framer will declare Yellow Alarm by doing the following:  
Set the Receive Yellow Alarm State Change bit of the Alarm and Error Status Register to one indicating there  
is a change in state of Yellow Alarm. This status indicator is valid until the Framer Interrupt Status Register is  
read.  
Reading this register clears the associated interrupt if Reset-Upon-Read is selected in Interrupt Control Regis-  
ter (ICR). Otherwise, a write-to-clear operation by the microprocessor is required to reset these status indica-  
tors.  
The table below shows the Receive Yellow Alarm State Change status bits of the Alarm and Error Status Reg-  
ister.  
ALARM AND ERROR STATUS REGISTER (AESR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X02H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
0
Receive Yellow  
Alarm State  
Change  
RUR /  
WC  
0 - There is no change of Yellow Alarm state in the incoming E1 payload  
data.  
1 - There is change of Yellow Alarm state in the incoming E1 payload data.  
12.5.4 How to configure the framer to detect CAS Multi-frame Yellow Alarm  
The Alarm indication logic within the Receive Framer block of the XRT84L38 framer monitors the incoming E1  
frames for CAS Multi-frame Yellow Alarm condition. The CAS Multi-frame Yellow Alarm is detected and de-  
clared according to the following procedure:  
1. Monitor the occurrence of CAS Multi-frame Yellow Alarm pattern over a 4 ms interval. An MYEL valid flag  
will be posted on the interval when CAS Multi-frame Yellow Alarm pattern occurred during the interval.  
2. Each interval with a valid MYEL flag increments a flag counter which declares MYEL alarm when 80 valid  
intervals have been accumulated.  
3. An interval without valid MYEL flag decrements the flag counter. The MYEL alarm is removed when the  
counter reaches zero.  
If CAS Multi-frame Yellow Alarm condition is present in the incoming E1 frame, the XRT84L38 framer can gen-  
erate a Receive CAS Multi-frame Yellow Alarm State Change interrupt associated with the setting of Receive  
CAS Multi-frame Yellow Alarm State Change bit of the Alarm and Error Status Register to one.  
To enable the Receive CAS Multi-frame Yellow Alarm State Change interrupt, the Receive CAS Multi-frame  
Yellow Alarm State Change Interrupt Enable bit of the Alarm and Error Interrupt Enable Register (AEIER) has  
to be set to one. In addition, the Alarm and Error Interrupt Enable bit of the Block Interrupt Enable Register  
(BIER) needs to be one.  
The table below shows configurations of the Receive CAS Multi-frame Yellow Alarm State Change Interrupt  
Enable bit of the Alarm and Error Interrupt Enable Register (AEIER).  
ALARM AND ERROR INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER (AEIER) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X03H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
5
Receive CAS  
Multi-frame Yellow  
Alarm State  
R/W  
0 - The Receive CAS Multi-frame Yellow Alarm State Change interrupt is  
disabled. Any state change of Receive CAS Multi-frame Yellow Alarm will  
not generate an interrupt.  
Change Interrupt  
Enable  
1 - The Receive CAS Multi-frame Yellow Alarm State Change interrupt is  
enabled. Any state change of Receive CAS Multi-frame Yellow Alarm will  
generate an interrupt.  
401  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
The table below shows configurations of the Alarm and Error Interrupt Enable bit of the Block Interrupt Enable  
Register.  
BLOCK INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER (BIER) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X01H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
1
Alarm and Error  
Interrupt Enable  
R/W  
0 - Every interrupt generated by the Alarm and Error Interrupt Status Reg-  
ister (AEISR) is disabled.  
1 - Every interrupt generated by the Alarm and Error Interrupt Status Reg-  
ister (AEISR) is enabled.  
When these interrupt enable bits are set and CAS Multi-frame Yellow Alarm is present in the incoming E1  
frame, the XRT84L38 framer will declare CAS Multi-frame Yellow Alarm by doing the following:  
Set the Receive CAS Multi-frame Yellow Alarm State Change bit of the Alarm and Error Status Register to  
one indicating there is a change in state of CAS Multi-frame Yellow Alarm. This status indicator is valid until  
the Framer Interrupt Status Register is read.  
Reading this register clears the associated interrupt if Reset-Upon-Read is selected in Interrupt Control Regis-  
ter (ICR). Otherwise, a write-to-clear operation by the microprocessor is required to reset these status indica-  
tors.  
The table below shows the Receive CAS Multi-frame Yellow Alarm State Change status bits of the Alarm and  
Error Status Register.  
ALARM AND ERROR STATUS REGISTER (AESR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X02H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
5
Receive CAS  
Multi-frame Yellow  
Alarm State  
RUR /  
WC  
0 - There is no change of CAS Multi-frame Yellow Alarm state in the incom-  
ing E1 payload data.  
1 - There is change of CAS Multi-frame Yellow Alarm state in the incoming  
E1 payload data.  
Change  
12.5.5 How to configure the framer to detect Bipolar Violation  
The line coding for the E1 signal should be bipolar. That is, a binary "0" is received as zero volts while a binary  
"1" is received as either a positive or negative pulse, opposite in polarity to the previous pulse. A Bipolar Viola-  
tion or BPV occurs when the alternate polarity rule is violated. The Alarm indication logic within the Receive  
Framer block of the XRT84L38 framer monitors the incoming E1 frames for Bipolar Violations.  
If a Bipolar Violation is present in the incoming E1 frame, the XRT84L38 framer can generate a Receive Bipo-  
lar Violation interrupt associated with the setting of Receive Bipolar Violation bit of the Alarm and Error Status  
Register to one.  
To enable the Receive Bipolar Violation interrupt, the Receive Bipolar Violation Interrupt Enable bit of the Alarm  
and Error Interrupt Enable Register (AEIER) has to be set to one. In addition, the Alarm and Error Interrupt En-  
able bit of the Block Interrupt Enable Register (BIER) needs to be one.  
402  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
The table below shows configurations of the Receive Bipolar Violation Interrupt Enable bit of the Alarm and Er-  
ror Interrupt Enable Register (AEIER).  
ALARM AND ERROR INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER (AEIER) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X03H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
3
Receive Bipolar  
Violation Interrupt  
Enable  
R/W  
0 - The Receive Bipolar Violation interrupt is disabled. Occurrence of one  
or more bipolar violations will not generate an interrupt.  
1 - The Receive Bipolar Violation interrupt is enabled. Occurrence of one  
or more bipolar violations will generate an interrupt.  
The table below shows configurations of the Alarm and Error Interrupt Enable bit of the Block Interrupt Enable  
Register.  
BLOCK INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER (BIER) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X01H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
1
Alarm and Error  
Interrupt Enable  
R/W  
0 - Every interrupt generated by the Alarm and Error Interrupt Status Reg-  
ister (AEISR) is disabled.  
1 - Every interrupt generated by the Alarm and Error Interrupt Status Reg-  
ister (AEISR) is enabled.  
When these interrupt enable bits are set and one or more Bipolar Violations are present in the incoming E1  
frame, the XRT84L38 framer will declare Receive Bipolar Violation by doing the following:  
Set the Receive Bipolar Violation bit of the Alarm and Error Status Register to one indicating there are one or  
more Bipolar Violations. This status indicator is valid until the Framer Interrupt Status Register is read.  
Reading this register clears the associated interrupt if Reset-Upon-Read is selected in Interrupt Control Regis-  
ter (ICR). Otherwise, a write-to-clear operation by the microprocessor is required to reset these status indica-  
tors.  
The table below shows the Receive Bipolar Violation status bits of the Alarm and Error Status Register.  
ALARM AND ERROR STATUS REGISTER (AESR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X02H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
3
Receive Bipolar  
Violation State  
Change  
RUR /  
WC  
0 - There is no change of Bipolar Violation state in the incoming E1 pay-  
load data.  
1 - There is change of Bipolar Violation state in the incoming E1 payload  
data.  
12.5.6 How to configure the framer to detect Loss of Signal  
A Loss of Signal or LOS occurs when neither RPOS nor RNEG inputs of the framer receives a high level input  
for 32 consecutive bit times. The Alarm indication logic within the Receive Framer block of the XRT84L38 fram-  
er monitors the incoming E1 frames for Loss of Signal conditions. If used in conjunction with EXAR LIUs, for  
example, the XRT83L3x family, the XRT84L38 framer also declares LOS when the Receive LOS (RxLOS) in-  
put pin is pulled HIGH.  
The removal of LOS condition is through detection of 12.5% ones over 32 consecutive bits. In the other words,  
XRT84L38 framer will remove LOS alarm when there is no 4 consecutive zeros received.  
NOTE: The implementation of LOS detection and removal only apply to B8ZS coded bipolar inputs.  
403  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
If Loss of Signal condition is present in the incoming E1 frame, the XRT84L38 framer can generate a Receive  
Loss of Signal interrupt associated with the setting of Receive Loss of Signal bit of the Alarm and Error Status  
Register to one.  
To enable the Receive Loss of Signal interrupt, the Receive Loss of Signal Interrupt Enable bit of the Alarm and  
Error Interrupt Enable Register (AEIER) has to be set to one. In addition, the Alarm and Error Interrupt Enable  
bit of the Block Interrupt Enable Register (BIER) needs to be one.  
The table below shows configurations of the Receive Loss of Signal Interrupt Enable bit of the Alarm and Error  
Interrupt Enable Register (AEIER).  
ALARM AND ERROR INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER (AEIER) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X03H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
4
Receive Loss of  
Signal Interrupt  
Enable  
R/W  
0 - The Receive Loss of Signal interrupt is disabled. Occurrence of Loss of  
Signals will not generate an interrupt.  
1 - The Receive Loss of Signal interrupt is enabled. Occurrence of Loss of  
Signals will generate an interrupt.  
The table below shows configurations of the Alarm and Error Interrupt Enable bit of the Block Interrupt Enable  
Register.  
BLOCK INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER (BIER) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X01H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
1
Alarm and Error  
Interrupt Enable  
R/W  
0 - Every interrupt generated by the Alarm and Error Interrupt Status Reg-  
ister (AEISR) is disabled.  
1 - Every interrupt generated by the Alarm and Error Interrupt Status Reg-  
ister (AEISR) is enabled.  
When these interrupt enable bits are set and one or more Loss of Signals are present in the incoming E1  
frame, the XRT84L38 framer will declare Receive Loss of Signal by doing the following:  
·Set the Receive Loss of Signal bit of the Alarm and Error Status Register to one indicating there is one or  
more Loss of Signals. This status indicator is valid until the Framer Interrupt Status Register is read.  
Reading this register clears the associated interrupt if Reset-Upon-Read is selected in Interrupt Control Regis-  
ter (ICR). Otherwise, a write-to-clear operation by the microprocessor is required to reset these status indica-  
tors.  
The table below shows the Receive Loss of Signal status bits of the Alarm and Error Status Register.  
ALARM AND ERROR STATUS REGISTER (AESR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X02H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
4
Receive Loss of  
Signal State  
RUR /  
WC  
0 - There is no change of Loss of Signal state in the incoming E1 payload  
data.  
1 - There is change of Loss of Signal state in the incoming E1 payload  
data.  
13.0 DS1 HDLC CONTROLLER BLOCK  
13.1 DS1 TRANSMIT HDLC CONTROLLER BLOCK  
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13.1.1 Description of the DS1 Transmit HDLC Controller Block  
XRT84L38 allows user to insert data link information to outbound DS1 frames. The data link information in  
DS1raming format mode can be inserted from:  
DS1 Transmit Overhead Input Interface Block  
DS1 Transmit HDLC Controller  
DS1 Transmit Serial Input Interface  
The Transmit Data Link Source Select [1:0] bits, within the Transmit Data Link Select Register (TSDLSR) deter-  
mine source of the data link bits (Facility Data Link (FDL) bits in ESF framing format mode, Signaling Framing  
(Fs) bits in SLC®96 framing format mode and Remote Signaling (R) bits in T1DM framing format mode) to be  
inserted into the outgoing DS1 frames.  
The table below shows configuration of the Transmit Data Link Source Select [1:0] bits of the Transmit Data  
Link Select Register (TSDLSR).  
TRANSMIT DATA LINK SELECT REGISTER (TSDLSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X0AH)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
1-0  
Transmit Data  
Link Source  
Select [1:0]  
R/W  
00 - The data link bits are inserted into the framer through the Transmit HDLC  
Controller.  
01 - The data link bits are inserted into the framer through the Transmit Serial  
Data input Interface via the TxSer_n pins.  
10 - The data link bits are inserted into the framer through the Transmit Over-  
head Input Interface via the TxOH_n pins.  
11 - The data link bits are forced into 1.  
If the Transmit Data Link Source Select bits of the Transmit Data Link Select Register are set to 00, the Trans-  
mit HDLC Controller block becomes input source of the data link bits in outgoing DS1 frames.  
Each of the eight framers within the XRT84L38 device contains a DS1 Transmit High-level Data Link Controller  
(HDLC) block. The function of this block is to provide a serial data link channel in DS1 mode through the follow-  
ing:  
Facility Data Link (FDL) bits in ESF framing format mode  
Signaling Framing (Fs) bits in SLC®96 framing format mode  
Remote Signaling (R) bits in T1DM framing format mode  
D or E signaling timeslot channel  
Data link bits are automatically inserted into the Facility Data Link (FDL) bits in ESF framing format mode, Sig-  
naling Framing (Fs) bits in SLC®96 framing format mode and Remote Signaling (R) bits in T1DM framing for-  
mat mode or forced to 1 by the framer. Additionally, XRT84L38 allows the user to define any one of ones of the  
twenty-four DS0 timeslots to be D or E channel. We will discuss how to configure XRT84L38 to transmit data  
link information through D or E channels in later section.  
The DS1 Transmit HDLC Controller block contains three major functional modules associated with DS1 fram-  
ing formats. They are the:  
SLC®96 Data Link Controller  
LAPD Controller  
Bit-Oriented Signaling Processor.  
There are two 96-byte transmit message buffers in shared memory for each of the eight framers to transmit da-  
ta link information. When one message buffer is filled up, the Transmit HDLC Controller automatically switches  
to the next message buffer to load data link messages. These two message buffers ping-pong among each  
other for data link message transmission.  
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The SLC®96 Enable bit and the LAPD Enable bit of the Data Link Control Register (DLCR) determines which  
one of the three functions is performed by the Transmit HDLC Controller block. The table below shows configu-  
ration of the SLC®96 Enable bit of the Data Link Control Register (DLCR).  
DATA LINK CONTROL REGISTER (DLCR) INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X13H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7
SLC®96 Enable  
R/W  
0 - In SLC®96 framing mode, the data link transmission is disabled. The framer  
transmits the regular SF framing bits.  
In ESF framing mode, the framer transmits regular ESF framing bits and Facility  
Data Link (FDL) bits.  
1 - In SLC®96 framing mode, the data link transmission is enabled.  
In ESF framing mode, the framer transmits SLC®96-like message in the Facility  
Data Link bits.  
The table below shows configuration of the LAPD Enable bit of the Data Link Control Register (DLCR).  
DATA LINK CONTROL REGISTER (DLCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X13H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
0
LAPD Enable  
R/W  
0 - The Transmit HDLC Controller will send out Bit-Oriented Signaling (BOS)  
message.  
1 - The Transmit HDLC Controller will send out LAPD protocol or so-called Mes-  
sage-Oriented Signaling (MOS) message.  
13.1.2 How to configure XRT84L38 to transmit data link information through D or E Channels  
The XRT84L38 can configure any one or ones of the twenty-four DS0 channels to be D or E channels. D chan-  
nel is used primarily for data link applications. E channel is used primarily for signaling for circuit switching with  
multiple access configurations.  
The Transmit Data Conditioning Select [3:0] bits of the Transmit Channel Control Register (TCCR) of each  
channel determine whether that particular channel is configured as D or E channel. These bits also determine  
what type of data or signaling conditioning is applied to each channel.  
TRANSMIT CHANNEL CONTROL REGISTER (TCCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN2H, 0X00H - 0X1FH)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
3-0  
Transmit Data  
Conditioning  
Select  
R/W  
1111 - This channel is configured as D or E timeslot.  
If the Transmit Data Conditioning Select [3:0] bits of the Transmit Channel Control Register of a particular  
timeslot are set to 1111, that timeslot is configured as a D or E timeslot.  
Any D or E timeslot can be configured to take data link information from the following sources:  
DS1 Transmit Overhead Output Interface Block  
DS1 Transmit HDLC Controller Block  
DS1 Transmit Serial Output Interface Block  
DS1 Transmit Fractional Input Interface Block  
The Transmit D or E Channel Source Select [1:0] bits of the Transmit Data Link Select Register (TSDLSR) de-  
termines which one of the above-mentioned modules to be input sources of D or E timeslot. The table below  
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shows configuration of the Transmit D or E Channel Source Select [1:0] bits of the Transmit Data Link Select  
Register (TSDLSR).  
TRANSMIT DATA LINK SELECT REGISTER (TSDLSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X0AH)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
3-2  
Transmit D or E  
Channel Source  
Select [1:0]  
R/W  
00 - The data link bits are inserted into the D or E channel through the Transmit  
Serial Data input Interface via the TxSer_n pins.  
01 - The data link bits are inserted into the D or E channel through the Transmit  
HDLC Controller.  
10 - The data link bits are inserted into the D or E channel through the Transmit  
Serial Data input Interface via the TxSer_n pins.  
11 - The data link bits are inserted into the D or E channel through the Transmit  
Fractional T1 Input Interface via the TxFrT1_n pins.  
For the Transmit HDLC Controller to be input source of D or E channel, the Transmit D or E Channel Source  
Select [1:0] bits of the Transmit Data Link Select Register has to be set to 01.  
13.1.3 Transmit BOS (Bit Oriented Signaling) Processor  
The Transmit BOS Processor handles transmission of BOS messages through the DS1 data link channel. It  
determines how many repetitions a certain BOS message will be transmitted. It also inserts BOS IDLE flag se-  
quence and ABORT sequence to be transmitted on the data link channel. In the later sections, we will discuss  
BOS message format and how to transmit BOS message.  
13.1.3.1 Description of BOS  
Bit-Oriented Signaling message is a sixteen-bit pattern carries the form of:  
(0d5d4d3d2d1d0011111111)  
Where d5 is the MSB and d0 is the LSB. The rightmost "1" is transmitted first. Bit-Oriented Signaling message  
is classified into the following two groups:  
Priority Codeword Message  
Command and Response Information  
Priority Codeword message is preemptive and has the highest priority among all data link information. Priority  
Codeword information indicates a condition that is affecting the quality of service and thus shall be transmitted  
until the condition no longer exists. The duration of transmission should not be less than one second. Priority  
codeword information may be interrupted by software for 100 milliseconds to send maintenance commands  
with a minimum interval of one second between interruptions. Yellow alarm (00000000 11111111) is the only  
priority message defined in standard.  
Command and response information is transmitted to perform various functions. The BOS Processor send  
command and response message by transmitting a minimum of 10 repetitions of the appropriate codeword  
pattern. Command and response data transmission initiates action at the remote end, while the remote end  
will respond by sending Bit-Oriented response message to acknowledge the received commands. The activa-  
tion and deactivation of line loop-back and payload loop-back functions are this type of signal.  
13.1.3.2 How to configure the BOS Processor Block to transmit BOS  
This section describes how to configure the BOS Processor Block to transmit BOS message in a step-by-step  
basis.  
13.1.3.2.1 Step 1: Find out the next available transmit data link buffer  
To transmit a bit-oriented signal, a repeating message is sent of the form (0d5d4d3d2d1d0011111111), where  
the "d5d4d3d2d1d0" represents a six-bit message. The user is recommended to read Transmit Data Link Byte  
Count Register for next available transmit data link buffer number.  
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The table below shows how content of the Buffer Enable bit of the Transmit Data Link Byte Count Register  
(TDLBCR) determines what the next available transmit data link buffer number is.  
TRANSMIT DATA LINK BYTE COUNT REGISTER (TDLBCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X14H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7
Buffer Select  
R
0 - The next available transmit data link buffer for sending out BOS or MOS  
message is Buffer 0.  
1 - The next available transmit data link buffer for sending out BOS or MOS  
message is Buffer 1.  
13.1.3.2.2 Step 2: Write BOS Message into transmit data link buffer  
After finding out the next available transmit data link buffer, the user should write the eight bits message that  
are to be transmitted in the form (0d5d4d3d2d1d00) to the first location of the next available transmit data link  
buffer. The writing of these buffers is through the LAPD Buffer 0 indirect data registers and the LAPD Buffer1  
indirect data registers. LAPD Buffer 0 and 1 indirect data registers have addresses 0xn6H and 0xn7H respec-  
tively. There is no indirect address register for transmit data link buffer 0 and 1.  
A microcontroller WRITE access to the LAPD Buffer indirect data registers will access the transmit data link  
buffer and a microcontroller READ will access the receive data link buffers. The very first WRITE access to the  
LAPD Buffer indirect data register will always be direct to location 0 within the transmit data link buffer.  
For example, if the BOS Message to be sent is (101011) and the next available transmit data link buffer of  
Channel n is 1. The user should write pattern (01010110) into transmit data link buffer 1 of Channel n. The fol-  
lowing microprocessor access to the framer should be done:  
WR  
n7H  
56H  
13.1.3.2.3 Step 3: Program BOS Message transmission repetitions  
The user should program the value of message transmission repetitions into the Transmit Data Link Byte Count  
Register. The framer will transmit the BOS message the same number of times as was stored in the Transmit  
Data Link Byte Count Register (TDLBCR) before generating the Transmit End of Transfer (TxEOT) interrupts.  
If the value stored inside the Transmit Data Link Byte Count Register (TDLBCR) is set to 0, the message will be  
transmitted indefinitely and no Transmit End of Transfer interrupt will be generated.  
The table below shows configurations of the Transmit Data Link Byte Count [6:0] bits the Transmit Data Link  
Byte Count Register (TDLBCR).  
TRANSMIT DATA LINK BYTE COUNT REGISTER (TDLBCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X14H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
6-0  
Transmit Data Link  
Byte Count [6:0]  
R/W  
Value of these bits determines how many times a BOS message pattern  
will be transmitted by the framer before generating the Transmit End of  
Transfer (TxEOT) interrupt.  
NOTE: If these bits are set to 0, the BOS message will be transmitted  
indefinitely and no Transmit End of Transfer interrupts will be generated.  
13.1.3.2.4 Step 4: Configure BOS Message transmission control bits  
Configuration of the Data Link Control Register determines whether the BOS Processor will insert IDLE flag  
character or ABORT sequence to the data link channel. It also determines how the transition between MOS  
mode to BOS mode is done.  
If the IDLE Insertion bit of the Data Link Control Register is set, repeated flags of value 0x7E are transmitted as  
soon as the current operation is finished (defined by the value in Transmit Data Link Byte Count Register).  
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However, if the Transmit Data Link Byte Count value is zero, the framer will not force a flag sequence on to the  
data link channel.  
The table below shows configurations of the IDLE Insertion bit of the Data Link Control Register (DLCR).  
DATA LINK CONTROL REGISTER (DLCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X13H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
2
IDLE Insertion  
R/W  
0 - No flag sequence is sent on the data link channel.  
1 - The framer forces a flag sequence of value 0x7E onto the data link  
channel.  
If the ABORT bit of the Data Link Control Register is set, a BOS abort sequence (9 consecutive ones) is trans-  
mitted on the data link channel following by all-one transmission. In other words, all data link bits will be set to  
1 after the transmission of the current message byte.  
The table below shows configurations of the ABORT bit of the Data Link Control Register (DLCR).  
DATA LINK CONTROL REGISTER (DLCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X13H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
3
ABORT  
R/W  
0 - No ABORT sequence is sent on the data link channel.  
1 - The framer forces an ABORT sequence of pattern (111111111) onto  
the data link channel. All data link bits will be set to 1 after sending the  
ABORT sequence.  
Switching the data link channel from MOS mode to BOS mode while a message is being transmitted will inter-  
rupt the message after the octet in progress is transmitted. If the MOS ABORT bit of the Data Link Control Reg-  
ister is set, a MOS ABORT sequence (a zero followed by 7 ones) will be inserted before switching. Switching  
the data link from BOS to LAPD will not take place until the current operation completes if Transmit BOS byte  
count is not set to zero initially. If the Transmit BOS byte count value is set to zero, the transition from BOS  
mode to MOS mode will take place right after finishing the current message octet.  
The table below shows configurations of the MOS ABORT bit of the Data Link Control Register (DLCR).  
DATA LINK CONTROL REGISTER (DLCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X13H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
6
MOS ABORT  
R/W  
0 - The framer forces an MOS ABORT sequence of one zero and seven  
ones (01111111) onto the data link channel during the transition from MOS  
mode to BOS mode.  
1 - No MOS ABORT sequence is sent on the data link channel during the  
transition from MOS mode to BOS mode.  
13.1.3.2.5 Step 5: Enable transmit BOS message interrupts  
The BOS Processor can generate a couple of interrupts indicating the status of BOS message transmission to  
the microprocessor. These are the Transmit Start of Transfer (TxSOT) interrupt and the Transmit End of Trans-  
fer (TxEOT) interrupt.  
To enable these interrupts, the Transmit Start of Transfer Enable bit and the Transmit End of Transfer Enable bit  
of the Data Link Interrupt Enable Register (DLIER) have to be set. In addition, the HDLC Controller Interrupt  
Enable bit of the Block Interrupt Enable Register (BIER) needs to be one.  
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The table below shows configurations of the Transmit Start of Transfer Enable bit and the Transmit End of  
Transfer Enable bit of the Data Link Interrupt Enable Register.  
DATA LINK INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER (DLIER) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X07H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
6
Transmit Start of  
Transfer Enable  
R/W  
0 - The Transmit Start of Transfer interrupt is disabled.  
1 - The Transmit Start of Transfer interrupt is enabled.  
4
Transmit End of  
Transfer Enable  
R/W  
0 - The Transmit End of Transfer interrupt is disabled.  
1 - The Transmit End of Transfer interrupt is enabled.  
The table below shows configurations of the HDLC Controller Interrupt Enable bit of the Block Interrupt Enable  
Register.  
BLOCK INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER (BIER) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X00H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
3
HDLC Controller  
Interrupt Enable  
R/W  
0 - Every interrupt generated by the HDLC Controller is disabled.  
1 - Every interrupt generated by the HDLC Controller is enabled.  
When these interrupt enable bits are set and the BOS message is transmitted to the data link channel, the  
BOS Processor changes the Transmit Start of Transfer and Transmit End of Transfer status bits of the Data Link  
Status Register (DLSR). These two status indicators are valid until the Data Link Status Register is read. Read-  
ing these register clears the associated interrupt if Reset Upon Read is selected in Interrupt Control Register  
(ICR). Otherwise, a write-to-clear operation by the microprocessor is required to reset these status indicators.  
The table below shows the Transmit Start of Transfer and Transmit End of Transfer status bits of the Data Link  
Status Register.  
DATA LINK STATUS REGISTER (DLSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X06H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
6
Transmit Start of  
Transfer  
RUR /  
WC  
0 - There is no data link message to be sent to the data link channel.  
1 - The HDLC Controller will send a data link message to the data link  
channel.  
4
Transmit End of  
Transfer  
RUR /  
WC  
0 - No data link message was sent to the data link channel.  
1 - The HDLC Controller finished sending a data link message to the data  
link channel.  
13.1.3.2.6 Step 6: BOS message transmission  
A zero is then written into the LAPD enable bit of Data Link Control Register, which sets the transmitter to Bit-  
Oriented mode and kicks off the transmission process. The LAPD Controller latches these control bits of the  
Data Link Control Register and send a Transmit Start of Transfer interrupt (TxSOT) to the microprocessor to in-  
dicate that a BOS message will be send. After the required number of times of BOS message is sent, the  
LAPD Controller generates an Transmit End of Transfer interrupt (TxEOT) to the microprocessor to indicate  
that the BOS message transmission comes to an end.  
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The table below shows configurations of the LAPD Enable bit of the Data Link Control Register (DLCR).  
DATA LINK CONTROL REGISTER (DLCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X13H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
0
LAPD Enable  
R/W  
0 - The Transmit HDLC Controller will send out Bit-Oriented Signaling  
(BOS) message.  
1 - The Transmit HDLC Controller will send out LAPD protocol or so-called  
Message-Oriented Signaling (MOS) message.  
13.1.4 Transmit MOS (Message Oriented Signaling) or LAPD Controller  
The Transmit LAPD controller implements the Message-Oriented protocol based on ITU Recommendation  
Q.921 Link Access Procedures on the D-channel (LAPD) type of protocol. It provides the following functions:  
Zero stuffing  
T1/E1 transmitter interface  
Transmit message buffer access  
Frame check sequence generation  
IDLE flag insertion  
ABORT sequence generation  
Two 96-byte buffers in shared memory are allocated for LAPD transmitter to reduce the frequency of micropro-  
cessor interrupts and alleviate the response time requirement for microprocessor to handle each interrupt.  
There are no restrictions on the length of the message. However the 96-byte buffer is deep enough to hold one  
entire LAPD path or test signal identification message. Figure 127 depicts the block diagram of both transmit  
and receive LAPD controller.  
FIGURE 127. LAPD CONTROLLER  
FCS Check  
Rx Register  
FCS CRC Error  
Zero Deletion  
RxLAPDData  
Rx  
State  
Machine  
RxLAPDAck  
RxLAPDRdy  
Memory  
Request  
&
Address  
Generation  
MTxClk  
uP  
Multi-port  
Memory  
Interface  
(Rx) Req, Ack, Addr  
(Tx) Req, Ack, Rdy, Addr  
PIO & DMA  
Interface  
Tx  
State  
Machine  
TxLAPDRdy  
TxLAPDAck  
Tx Register  
Zero Stuffing  
TxLAPDData  
Memory  
FCS Generator  
In the later sections, we will briefly discuss MOS message format and how to configure the LAPD Controller to  
transmit MOS message.  
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13.1.4.1 Discussion of MOS  
Message-Oriented signals (MOS) sent by the transmit LAPD Controller are messages conforming to ITU Rec-  
ommendation Q.921 LAPD protocol as defined below.  
Two types of Message-Oriented signals are defined. One is a periodic performance report generated by the  
source or sink T1/E1 terminals as defined by ANSI T1.403. The other is a path or test signal identification mes-  
sage that may be optionally generated by a terminal or intermediate equipment on a T1/E1 circuit.  
Message-oriented signals shall use the frame structure, field definitions and elements of procedure of the  
LAPD protocol defined in ITU recommendation Q.921 except the address field. Performance information is car-  
ried by Message-Oriented signal using LAPD protocol. The message structures of the periodic performance  
report and path or test signal identification message are shown in Figure 128 in format A and format B respec-  
tively.  
FIGURE 128. LAPD FRAME STRUCTURE  
8
7
6
5
4
3
1
2
1
0
Octet  
1
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Octet  
1
Flag  
1
Flag  
1
Flag  
Flag  
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
0
Address  
(high order)  
EA  
0
Address  
(high order)  
EA  
0
SAPI  
C/R  
SAPI  
C/R  
2
3
4
2
3
4
Address  
(low order)  
EA  
1
Address  
(low order)  
EA  
1
TEI  
TEI  
Control  
Control  
5
.
.
5
.
.
Information  
One-second counts  
Information  
76 octets  
12  
80  
FCS  
(first octet)  
FCS  
(first octet)  
13  
14  
81  
82  
FCS  
(second octet)  
FCS  
(second octet)  
Flag  
1
Flag  
1
Flag  
Flag  
0
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
0
Format A  
Format B  
13.1.4.1.1 Periodic Performance Report  
The ANSI T1.403 standard requires that the status of the transmission quality be reported every one-second  
interval. The one-second timing may be derived from the DS1 signal or from a separate equally accurate  
(±32ppm) source. The phase of the one-second periods with respect to the occurrence of error events is arbi-  
trary; that is, the one-second timing does not depend on the time of occurrence of any error event. A total of  
four seconds of information is transmitted so that recovery operations may be initiated in case an error corrupts  
a message.  
Counts of events shall be accumulated in each contiguous one-second interval. At the end of each one-second  
interval, a modulo-4 counter shall be incremented, and the appropriate performance bits shall be set in bytes 5  
and 6 in Format A. These octets and the octets that carry the performance bits of the preceding three one-sec-  
ond intervals form the periodic performance report.  
The periodic performance report is made up of 14 bytes of data. Bytes 1 to 4, 13, and 14 are the message  
header and bytes 5 to 12 contain data regarding the four most-recent one-second intervals. The periodic per-  
formance report message uses the SAPI/TEI value of 14.  
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13.1.4.1.2 Transmission-Error Event  
Occurrences of transmission-error events indicate the quality of transmission. The occurrences that shall be  
detected and reported are:  
CRC Error Event: A CRC-6 error event is the occurrence of a received CRC code that is not identical to the  
corresponding locally calculated code.  
Severely Errored Framing Event: A severely-errored-framing event is the occurrence of two or more framing-  
bit-pattern errors within a 3-ms period. Contiguous 3-ms intervals shall be examined. The 3-ms period may  
coincide with the ESF. The severely-errored-framing event, while similar in form to criteria for declaring a ter-  
minal has lost framing, is only designed as a performance indicator; existing terminal out-of-frame criteria will  
continue to serve as the basis for terminal alarms.  
Frame-Synchronization-Bit Error Event: A frame-synchronization-bit-error event is the occurrence of a  
received framing-bit-pattern not meeting the severely-errored-framing event criteria.  
Line-Code Violation event: A line-code violation event is a bipolar violation of the incoming data. A line-code  
violation event for an B8ZS-coded signal is the occurrence of a received excessive zeros (EXZ) or a bipolar  
violation that is not part of a zero-substitution code.  
Controlled Slip Event: A controlled-slip event is a replication, or deletion, of a T1 frame by the receiving termi-  
nal. A controlled slip may occur when there is a difference between the timing of a synchronous receiving ter-  
minal and the received signal.  
13.1.4.1.3 Path and Test Signal Identification Message  
The path identification message is used to identify the path between the source terminal and the sink terminal.  
The test signal identification message is used by test signal generating equipment. Both identification messag-  
es are made up of 82 bytes of data. Byte 1 to 4, 81 and 82 are the message header and bytes 5 to 80 contain  
six data elements. These messages use the SAPI/TEI value of 15 to differentiate themselves from the perfor-  
mance report message.  
13.1.4.1.4 Frame Structure  
The message structure of message-oriented signal is shown in Figure 1?2. Two format types are shown in the  
figure: format A for frames which are sending performance report message and format B for frames which con-  
taining a path or test signal identification message. The following abbreviations are used:  
SAPI: Service Access Point Identifier  
C/R: Command or Response  
EA: Extended Address  
TEI: Terminal Endpoint Identifier  
FCS: Frame Check Sequence  
13.1.4.1.5 Flag Sequence  
All frames shall start and end with the flag sequence consisting of one 0 bit followed by six contiguous 1 bits  
and one 0 bit. The flag preceding the address field is defined as the opening flag. The flag following the Frame  
Check Sequence (FCS) field is defined as the closing flag. The closing flag may also serve as the opening flag  
of the next frame, in some applications. However, all receivers must be able to accommodate receipt of one or  
more consecutive flags.  
13.1.4.1.6 Address Field  
The address field consists of two octets. A single octet address field is reserved for LAPB operation in order to  
allow a single LAPB data link connection to be multiplexed along with LAPD data link connections.  
13.1.4.1.7 Address Field Extension bit (EA)  
The address field range is extended by reserving bit 1 of the address field octets to indicate the final octet of  
the address field. The presence of a 1 in bit 1 of an address field octet signals that it is the final octet of the ad-  
dress field. The double octet address field for LAPD operation shall have bit 1 of the first octet set to a 0 and bit  
1 of the second octet set to 1.  
13.1.4.1.8 Command or Response bit (C/R)  
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The Command or Response bit identifies a frame as either a command or a response. The user side shall  
send commands with the C/R bit set to 0, and responses with the C/R bit set to 1. The network side shall do the  
opposite; That is, commands are sent with C/R bit set to 1, and responses are sent with C/R bit set to 0.  
13.1.4.1.9 Service Access Point Identifier (SAPI)  
The Service Access Point Identifier identifies a point at which data link layer services are preceded by a data  
link layer entity type to a layer 3 or management entity. Consequently, the SAPI specifies a data link layer entity  
type that should process a data link layer frame and also a layer 3 or management entity, which is to receive in-  
formation carried by the data link layer frame. The SAPI allows 64 service access points to be specified, where  
bit 3 of the address field octet containing the SAPI is the least significant binary digit and bit 8 is the most sig-  
nificant. SAPI values are 14 and 15 for performance report message and path or test signal identification mes-  
sage respectively.  
13.1.4.1.10 Terminal Endpoint Identifier (TEI)  
The TEI sub-field allows 128 values where bit 2 of the address field octet containing the TEI is the least signifi-  
cant binary digit and bit 8 is the most significant binary digit. The TEI sub-field bit pattern 111 1111 (=127) is  
defined as the group TEI. The group TEI is assigned permanently to the broadcast data link connection asso-  
ciated with the addressed Service Access Point (SAP). TEI values other than 127 are used for the point-to-  
point data link connections associated with the addressed SAP. Non-automatic TEI values (0-63) are selected  
by the user, and their allocation is the responsibility of the user. The network automatically selects and allo-  
cates TEI values (64-126).  
13.1.4.1.11 Control Field  
The control field identifies the type of frame which will be either a command or response. The control field shall  
consist of one or two octets. Three types of control field formats are specified: 2-octet numbered information  
transfer (I format), 2-octet supervisory functions (S format), and single-octet unnumbered information transfers  
and control functions (U format). The control field for T1/E1 message is categorized as a single-octet unac-  
knowledged information transfer having the value 0x03.  
13.1.4.1.12 Frame Check Sequence (FCS) Field  
The source of either the performance report or an identification message shall generate the frame check se-  
quence. The FCS field shall be a 16-bit sequence. It shall be the ones complement of the sum (modulo 2) of:  
The remainder of xk (x15 + x14 + x13 + x12 + x11 + x10 + x9 + x8 + x7 + x6 + x5 + x4 + x3 + x2 + x + 1)  
divided (modulo 2) by the generator polynomial x16 + x12 + x5 + 1, where k is the number of bits in the frame  
existing between, but not including, the final bit of the opening flag and the first bit of the FCS, excluding bits  
inserted for transparency, and  
The remainder of the division (modulo 2) by the generator polynomial x16 + x12 + x5 + 1, of the product of  
x16 by the content of the frame existing between, but not including, the final bit of the opening flag and the  
first bit of the FCS, excluding bits inserted for transparency.  
As a typical implementation at the transmitter, the initial content of the register of the device computing the re-  
mainder of the division is preset to all 1s and is then modified by division by the generator polynomial on the  
address, control and information fields; the ones complement of the resulting remainder is transmitted as the  
16-bit FCS.  
As a typical implementation at the receiver, the initial content of the register of the device computing the re-  
mainder is preset to all 1s. The final remainder, after multiplication by x16 and then division (modulo 2) by the  
generator polynomial x16 + x12 + x5 + 1 of the serial incoming protected bits and the FCS, will be  
0001110100001111 (x15 through x0, respectively) in the absence of transmission errors.  
13.1.4.1.13 Transparency (Zero Stuffing)  
A transmitting data link layer entity shall examine the frame content between the opening and closing flag se-  
quences, (address, control, information and FCS field) and shall insert a 0 bit after all sequences of five contig-  
uous 1 bits (including the last five bits of the FCS) to ensure that an IDLE flag or an Abort sequence is not sim-  
ulated within the frame. A receiving data link layer entity shall examine the frame contents between the open-  
ing and closing flag sequences and shall discard any 0 bit which directly follows five contiguous 1 bits.  
13.1.4.2 How to configure the Transmit HDLC Controller Block to transmit MOS  
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This section describes how to configure the LAPD Controller Block to transmit MOS message in a step-by-step  
basis.  
13.1.4.2.1 Step 1: Find out the next available transmit data link buffer  
To transmit MOS message, the user is recommended to read Transmit Data Link Byte Count Register for next  
available transmit buffer number.  
The table below shows how contents of the Buffer Enable bit of the Transmit Data Link Byte Count Register  
(TDLBCR) determines what the next available transmit buffer number is.  
TRANSMIT DATA LINK BYTE COUNT REGISTER (TDLBCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X14H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7
Buffer Select  
R
0 - The next available transmit buffer for sending out BOS or MOS mes-  
sage is Buffer 0.  
1 - The next available transmit buffer for sending out BOS or MOS mes-  
sage is Buffer 1.  
13.1.4.2.2 Step 2: Write MOS Message into transmit data link buffer  
After finding out the next available transmit buffer, the user should write the entire message data to the avail-  
able transmit data link buffer via PIO or DMA access. The writing of these buffers is through the LAPD Buffer 0  
indirect data registers and the LAPD Buffer1 indirect data registers. LAPD Buffer 0 and 1 indirect data registers  
have addresses 0xn6H and 0xn7H respectively. There is no indirect address register for transmit data link buff-  
er 0 and 1.  
A microcontroller WRITE access to the LAPD Buffer indirect data registers will access the transmit data link  
buffer and a microcontroller READ will access the receive data link buffers. The very first WRITE access to the  
LAPD Buffer indirect data register will always be direct to location 0 within the transmit data link buffer. The next  
WRITE access to the LAPD Buffer indirect data register will be direct to location 1 within the transmit data link  
buffer and so on, until all 96 bytes of the transmit buffer is filled.  
For example, if the first byte of the MOS message to be sent is (01010110) and the next available transmit data  
link buffer of Channel n is 1. The user should write pattern (01010110) into transmit data link buffer 1 of Chan-  
nel n. The following microprocessor access to the framer should be done:  
WR  
n7H  
56H  
The first byte of MOS message is written into location 0 of the transmit data link buffer. If the next byte of the  
MOS message is (10100101), the user should perform another microprocessor WRITE access:  
WR  
n7H  
A5H  
The second byte of MOS message is written into location 1 of the transmit data link buffer. The WRITE access  
should be repeated until the entire block of MOS message is written into the transmit buffer or the transmit buff-  
er is completely filled.  
13.1.4.2.3 Step 3: Program the Transmit Data Link Byte Count Register  
The user should program byte count of the MOS message into the Transmit Data Link Byte Count Register af-  
ter the whole block of data is present in the buffer memory.  
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The table below shows configurations of the Transmit Data Link Byte Count [6:0] bits the Transmit Data Link  
Byte Count Register (TDLBCR).  
TRANSMIT DATA LINK BYTE COUNT REGISTER (TDLBCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X14H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
6-0  
Transmit Data Link  
Byte Count [6:0]  
R/W  
Value of these bits determines length of the MOS message pattern to be  
transmitted by the framer before generating the Transmit End of Transfer  
(TxEOT) interrupt.  
13.1.4.2.4 Step 4: Configure MOS Message transmission control bits  
Configuration of the Data Link Control Register determines whether the LAPD Controller will insert IDLE flag  
character, FCS or ABORT sequence to the data link channel. It also determines how the transition between  
MOS mode to BOS mode is done.  
If the IDLE Insertion bit of the Data Link Control Register is set, repeated flags of value 0x7E are transmitted as  
soon as the current operation is finished (defined by the value in Transmit Data Link Byte Count Register). The  
IDLE bit must be set to 1 at the last block of transfer to enable FCS and flag insertion for message completion.  
The table below shows configurations of the IDLE Insertion bit of the Data Link Control Register (DLCR).  
DATA LINK CONTROL REGISTER (DLCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X13H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
2
IDLE Insertion  
R/W  
0 - No flag sequence is sent on the data link channel.  
1 - The framer forces a flag sequence of value 0x7E onto the data link  
channel.  
NOTE: If the entire message is longer than 96-byte in length or more than one full block of message has to be transmitted,  
the IDLE Insertion bit should not be set to one until the last block of message has to be sent.  
If the FCS Insertion bit of the Data Link Control Register (DLCR) is set to high, the LAPD Controller will calcu-  
late and insert the frame check sequence to the last block of the transmitted message.  
The table below shows configurations of the FCS Insertion bit of the Data Link Control Register (DLCR).  
DATA LINK CONTROL REGISTER (DLCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X13H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
1
FCS Insertion  
R/W  
0 - No FCS will be inserted into the last block of the transmitted MOS mes-  
sage.  
1 - The LAPD Controller will calculate and insert the FCS into the last block  
of the transmitted MOS message.  
If the FCS is not enabled at the end of a message, the controller will return to sending IDLE flags immediately  
after the last octet is transmitted. This permits the use of a programmable FCS, which may be used for diag-  
nostic tests or other test applications.  
To abort a transmitting message, the LAPD Controller sets the ABORT bit in Data Link Control Register to 1.  
This bit is cleared after the LAPD transmitter finishes sending the message octet in progress. The transmitter  
then transmit an ABORT sequence of one zero followed by seven ones (01111111) before goes to idle if the  
IDLE bit is set. The transmitter will keep transmitting IDLE flag characters until it is instructed otherwise.  
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The table below shows configurations of the ABORT bit of the Data Link Control Register (DLCR).  
DATA LINK CONTROL REGISTER (DLCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X13H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
3
ABORT  
R/W  
0 - No ABORT sequence is sent on the data link channel.  
1 - The framer forces an ABORT sequence of pattern (111111 10) onto the  
data link channel. IDLE flag pattern will be transmitted after the ABORT  
sequence is sent.  
Switching the data link channel from MOS mode to BOS mode while a message is being transmitted will inter-  
rupt the message after the octet in progress is transmitted. If the MOS ABORT bit of the Data Link Control Reg-  
ister is set, a MOS ABORT sequence (a zero followed by 7 ones) will be inserted before switching. Switching  
the data link from BOS to LAPD will not take place until the current operation completes if Transmit BOS byte  
count is not set to zero initially. If the Transmit BOS byte count value is set to zero, the transition from BOS  
mode to MOS mode will take place right after finishing the current message octet.  
The table below shows configurations of the MOS ABORT bit of the Data Link Control Register (DLCR).  
DATA LINK CONTROL REGISTER (DLCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X13H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
6
MOS ABORT  
R/W  
0 - The framer forces an MOS ABORT sequence of one zero and seven  
ones [0111 1111] onto the data link channel during the transition from  
MOS mode to BOS mode.  
1 - No MOS ABORT sequence is sent on the data link channel during the  
transition from MOS mode to BOS mode.  
13.1.4.2.5 Step 5: Enable transmit MOS message interrupts  
The LAPD Controller can generate a couple of interrupts indicating the status of MOS message transmission  
to the microprocessor. These are the Transmit Start of Transfer (TxSOT) interrupt and the Transmit End of  
Transfer (TxEOT) interrupt.  
To enable these interrupts, the Transmit Start of Transfer Enable bit and the Transmit End of Transfer Enable bit  
of the Data Link Interrupt Enable Register (DLIER) have to be set. In addition, the HDLC Controller Interrupt  
Enable bit of the Block Interrupt Enable Register (BIER) needs to be one.  
The table below shows configurations of the Transmit Start of Transfer Enable bit and the Transmit End of  
Transfer Enable bit of the Data Link Interrupt Enable Register.  
DATA LINK INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER (DLIER) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X07H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
6
Transmit Start of  
Transfer Enable  
R/W  
0 - The Transmit Start of Transfer interrupt is disabled.  
1 - The Transmit Start of Transfer interrupt is enabled.  
4
Transmit End of  
Transfer Enable  
R/W  
0 - The Transmit End of Transfer interrupt is disabled.  
1 - The Transmit End of Transfer interrupt is enabled.  
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The table below shows configurations of the HDLC Controller Interrupt Enable bit of the Block Interrupt Enable  
Register.  
BLOCK INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER (BIER) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X00H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
3
HDLC Controller  
Interrupt Enable  
R/W  
0 - Every interrupt generated by the HDLC Controller is disabled.  
1 - Every interrupt generated by the HDLC Controller is enabled.  
When these interrupt enable bits are set and the MOS message is transmitted to the data link channel, the  
LAPD Controller changes the Transmit Start of Transfer and Transmit End of Transfer status bits of the Data  
Link Status Register (DLSR). These two status indicators are valid until the Data Link Status Register is read.  
Reading these register clears the associated interrupt if Reset Upon Read is selected in Interrupt Control Reg-  
ister (ICR). Otherwise, a write-to-clear operation by the microprocessor is required to reset these status indica-  
tors.  
The table below shows the Transmit Start of Transfer and Transmit End of Transfer status bits of the Data Link  
Status Register.  
DATA LINK STATUS REGISTER (DLSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X06H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
6
Transmit Start of  
Transfer  
RUR /  
WC  
0 - There is no data link message to be sent to the data link channel.  
1 - The HDLC Controller will send a data link message to the data link  
channel.  
4
Transmit End of  
Transfer  
RUR /  
WC  
0 - No data link message was sent to the data link channel.  
1 - The HDLC Controller finished sending a data link message to the data  
link channel.  
13.1.4.2.6 Step 6: MOS message transmission  
A one is then written into the LAPD enable bit of Data Link Control Register, which sets the transmitter to Mes-  
sage-Oriented mode and kicks off the transmission process. The LAPD controller latches these control bits of  
the Data Link Control Register and send a Transmit Start of Transfer interrupt (TxSOT) to the microprocessor to  
indicate that an MOS message will be send.  
The LAPD transmitter will then transmit the open flag character (01111110) in the data link bit position first fol-  
lowed by the entire message. If the message is longer than 96 bytes or more than one full block of data are to  
be transmitted, the alternating buffer usage approach will provide more adequate time to allow the writing of  
the message in the Ping-Pong buffers without overwriting good data in the transmitting buffer or repeating data  
because it was written too late. User must fill in data fast enough in Ping-Pong buffer concatenation scenario to  
avoid automatic flag insertion between two blocks of data that will cause far-end FCS errors.  
After the entire MOS message is sent, the LAPD Controller generates the Transmit End of Transfer (TxEOT) in-  
terrupt to the microprocessor indicating that the MOS message transmission is over.  
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The table below shows configurations of the LAPD Enable bit of the Data Link Control Register (DLCR).  
DATA LINK CONTROL REGISTER (DLCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X13H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
0
LAPD Enable  
R/W  
0 - The Transmit HDLC Controller will send out Bit-Oriented Signaling  
(BOS) message.  
1 - The Transmit HDLC Controller will send out LAPD protocol or so-called  
Message-Oriented Signaling (MOS) message.  
13.1.5 Transmit SLCâ96 Data link Controller  
The SLC®96 T1 format is invented by AT&T and is used between the Digital Switch and a SLC®96 formatted  
remote terminal. The purpose of the SLC®96 product is to provide standard telephone service or Plain Old  
Telephone Service (POTS) in areas of high subscriber density but back-haul the traffic over T1 facilities.  
To support the SLC®96 formatted remote terminal equipment, which is likely in an underground location, the  
T1s needed methods to:  
Indicate equipment failures of the equipment to maintenance personal  
Indicate failures of the POTS lines  
Test the POTS lines  
Provide redundancy on the T1s  
The SLC®96 framing format is a D4 Super-frame (SF) format with specialized data link information bits. These  
data link information bits take the position of the Super-frame Alignment (Fs) bit positions. These bits consist  
of:  
Concentrator bits (C, bit position 1 to 11)  
First Spoiler bits (FS, bit position 12 to 14)  
Maintenance bits (M, bit position 15 to 17)  
Alarm bits (A, bit position 18 to 19)  
Protection Line Switch bits (S, bit position 20 to 23)  
Second Spoiler bit (SS, bit position 24)  
Resynchronization pattern (000111000111)  
In SLCâ96 mode, six six-bit data will generate one 9-ms frame of the SLCâ96 message format. The format of  
the data link message is given in BELLCORE TR-TSY-000008. To select this mode, the Framing Select bits of  
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the Framing Select Register (FSR) must be set to binary number 100. The table below shows configuration of  
the Framing Select bits of the Framing Select Register (FSR).  
FRAMING SELECT REGISTER (FSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X07H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
2-0  
T1 Framing Select  
R/W  
T1 Framing Select:  
These READ/WRITE bit-fields allow the user to select one of the five T1  
framing formats supported by the framer. These framing formats include  
ESF, SLC®96, SF, N and T1DM mode.  
Framing  
Format  
Bit 2  
Bit 1  
Bit 0  
ESF  
0
1
1
1
1
X
0
0
1
1
X
0
1
0
1
SLC®96  
SF  
N
T1DM  
NOTE: Changing of framing format will automatically force the framer to  
RESYNC.  
When SLC®96 mode is enabled, the Fs bit is replaced by the data link message read from memory at the be-  
ginning of each D4 super-frame. The XRT84L38 allocates two 6-byte buffers to provide the SLC®96 Data Link  
Controller an alternating access mechanism for information transmission. The bit ordering and usage is shown  
in the following table; and the LSB is sent first. Note that these registers are memory-based storage and they  
need to be initialized.  
TRANSMIT SLC®96 MESSAGE REGISTERS  
BITBYTE  
5
0
4
1
3
1
2
1
1
0
0
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
C1  
C7  
1
1
1
1
0
0
C6  
0
C5  
C11  
M3  
S4  
C4  
C10  
M2  
S3  
C3  
C9  
M1  
S2  
C2  
C8  
0
A2  
0
A1  
1
S1  
Each register is read out of memory once every six SF super-frames. The memory holding these registers  
owns a shared memory structure that is used by multiple devices. These include DS1 transmit module, DS1 re-  
ceive module, Transmit LAPD Controller, Transmit SLCâ96 Data Link controller, Bit-Oriented Signaling Proces-  
sor, Receive LAPD Controller, Receive SLCâ96 Data Link Controller, Receive Bit-Oriented Signaling Proces-  
sor and microprocessor interface module.  
13.1.5.1 How to configure the SLC®96 Data Link Controller to transmit SLC®96 Data Link Messages  
This section describes how to configure the SLC®96 Data Link Controller to transmit SLC®96 Data Link mes-  
sage in a step-by-step basis.  
13.1.5.1.1 Step 1: Find out the next available transmit data link buffer  
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To transmit SLC®96 Data Link message, the user is recommended to read Transmit Data Link Byte Count  
Register for next available transmit buffer number.  
The table below shows how contents of the Buffer Enable bit of the Transmit Data Link Byte Count Register  
(TDLBCR) determines what the next available transmit buffer number is.  
TRANSMIT DATA LINK BYTE COUNT REGISTER (TDLBCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X14H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7
Buffer Select  
R
0 - The next available transmit buffer for sending out BOS or MOS mes-  
sage is Buffer 0.  
1 - The next available transmit buffer for sending out BOS or MOS mes-  
sage is Buffer 1.  
13.1.5.1.2 Step 2: Write SLC®96 Data Link Message into transmit data link buffer  
After finding out the next available transmit buffer, the user should write the entire message data to the avail-  
able transmit data link buffer via PIO or DMA access. The writing of these buffers is through the LAPD Buffer 0  
indirect data registers and the LAPD Buffer1 indirect data registers. LAPD Buffer 0 and 1 indirect data registers  
have addresses 0xn6H and 0xn7H respectively. There is no indirect address register for transmit data link buff-  
er 0 and 1.  
A microcontroller WRITE access to the LAPD Buffer indirect data registers will access the transmit data link  
buffer and a microcontroller READ will access the receive data link buffers. The very first WRITE access to the  
LAPD Buffer indirect data register will always be direct to location 0 within the transmit data link buffer. The next  
WRITE access to the LAPD Buffer indirect data register will be direct to location 1 within the transmit data link  
buffer and so on, until all 96 bytes of the transmit buffer is filled.  
For example, if the first byte of the SLC®96 Data Link message to be sent is (101011) and the next available  
transmit data link buffer of Channel n is 1. The user should write pattern (00101011) into transmit data link buff-  
er 1 of Channel n. The following microprocessor access to the framer should be done:  
WR  
n7H  
2BH  
The first byte of the SLC®96 Data Link message is written into location 0 of the transmit data link buffer. If the  
next byte of the data link message is (101001), the user should perform another microprocessor WRITE ac-  
cess of pattern (00101001):  
WR  
n7H  
29H  
The second byte of data link message is written into location 1 of the transmit data link buffer. The WRITE ac-  
cess should be repeated until all six bytes of SLC®96 Data Link message is written into the transmit buffer or  
the transmit buffer is completely filled.  
13.1.5.1.3 Step 3: Enable transmit data link message interrupt  
The SLC®96 Data Link Controller can generate the Transmit Start of Transfer (TxSOT) interrupt indicating the  
status of data link message transmission to the microprocessor. To enable this interrupt, the Transmit Start of  
Transfer Enable bit of the Data Link Interrupt Enable Register (DLIER) have to be set. In addition, the HDLC  
Controller Interrupt Enable bit of the Block Interrupt Enable Register (BIER) needs to be one.  
The table below shows configurations of the Transmit Start of Transfer Enable bit of the Data Link Interrupt En-  
able Register.  
DATA LINK INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER (DLIER) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X07H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
6
Transmit Start of  
Transfer Enable  
R/W  
0 - The Transmit Start of Transfer interrupt is disabled.  
1 - The Transmit Start of Transfer interrupt is enabled.  
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The table below shows configurations of the HDLC Controller Interrupt Enable bit of the Block Interrupt Enable  
Register.  
BLOCK INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER (BIER) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X00H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
3
HDLC Controller  
Interrupt Enable  
R/W  
0 - Every interrupt generated by the HDLC Controller is disabled.  
1 - Every interrupt generated by the HDLC Controller is enabled.  
When this interrupt enable bit is set and the SLC®96 Data Link message is transmitted to the data link chan-  
nel, the SLC®96 Data Link Controller changes the Transmit Start of Transfer status bits of the Data Link Status  
Register (DLSR). This status indicator is valid until the Data Link Status Register is read. Reading this register  
clears the associated interrupt if Reset Upon Read is selected in Interrupt Control Register (ICR). Otherwise, a  
write-to-clear operation by the microprocessor is required to reset these status indicators.  
The table below shows the Transmit Start of Transfer and Transmit End of Transfer status bits of the Data Link  
Status Register.  
DATA LINK STATUS REGISTER (DLSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X06H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
6
Transmit Start of  
Transfer  
RUR /  
WC  
0 - There is no data link message to be sent to the data link channel.  
1 - The SLC®96 Data Link Controller will send SLC®96 data link message  
to the data link channel.  
13.1.5.1.4 Step 4: Program the Data Link Control Register to activate SLC®96 Data Link Transmission  
The SLC®96 Enable bit and the LAPD Enable bit of the Data Link Control Register (DLCR) determines which  
one of the three functions is performed by the Transmit HDLC Controller block. The table below shows configu-  
ration of the SLC®96 Enable bit of the Data Link Control Register (DLCR).  
DATA LINK CONTROL REGISTER (DLCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X13H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7
SLC®96 Enable  
R/W  
0 - In SLC®96 framing mode, the data link transmission is disabled. The  
framer transmits the regular SF framing bits.  
In ESF framing mode, the framer transmits regular ESF framing bits and  
Facility Data Link (FDL) bits.  
1 - In SLC®96 framing mode, the data link transmission is enabled.  
In ESF framing mode, the framer transmits SLC®96-like message in the  
Facility Data Link bits.  
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The table below shows configuration of the LAPD Enable bit of the Data Link Control Register (DLCR).  
DATA LINK CONTROL REGISTER (DLCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X13H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
0
LAPD Enable  
R/W  
0 - The Transmit HDLC Controller will send out Bit-Oriented Signaling  
(BOS) message.  
1 - The Transmit HDLC Controller will send out LAPD protocol or so-called  
Message-Oriented Signaling (MOS) message.  
To enable SLC®96 data link transmission, the user has to set both of the SLC®96 Enable bit and the LAPD En-  
able bit of the Data Link Control Register to 1.  
Without inputting new message, the data link controller will loop on the same message over and over again. To  
force the data link to output all ones is done by setting the ABORT bit in Data Link Control Register to 1. This  
operation takes place after the current message finishes transmitting. The table below shows configurations of  
the ABORT bit of the Data Link Control Register (DLCR).  
DATA LINK CONTROL REGISTER (DLCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X13H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
3
ABORT  
R/W  
0 - No ABORT sequence is sent on the data link channel.  
1 - The framer forces an ABORT sequence of pattern (111111 10) onto the  
data link channel.  
Setting the SLCâ96 bit low will switch the data link back to transfer normal framing bits after the current mes-  
sage transmit completes.  
13.2 DS1 RECEIVE HDLC CONTROLLER BLOCK  
13.2.1 Description of the DS1 Receive HDLC Controller Block  
XRT84L38 allows user to extract data link information from incoming DS1 frames. The data link information in  
DS1raming format mode can be extracted to the following:  
DS1 Receive Overhead Output Interface Block  
DS1 Receive HDLC Controller  
DS1 Receive Serial Output Interface  
The Receive Data Link Source Select [1:0] bits, within the Receive Data Link Select Register (RSDLSR) deter-  
mine destinations of the data link bits (Facility Data Link (FDL) bits in ESF framing format mode, Signaling  
Framing (Fs) bits in SLC®96 framing format mode and Remote Signaling (R) bits in T1DM framing format  
mode) extracted from the incoming DS1 frames.  
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The table below shows configuration of the Receive Data Link Source Select [1:0] bits of the Receive Data Link  
Select Register (RSDLSR).  
RECEIVE DATA LINK SELECT REGISTER (RSDLSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X0CH)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
1-0  
Receive Data Link  
Source Select [1:0]  
R/W  
00 - The data link bits extracted from the incoming DS1 frame are sent to  
the Receive HDLC Controller.  
01 - The data link bits extracted from the incoming DS1 frame are sent to  
the Receive Serial Data Output Interface via the RxSer_n pins.  
10 - The data link bits extracted from the incoming DS1 frame are sent to  
the Receive Overhead Output Interface via the RxOH_n pins.  
11 - The data link bits are forced into 1.  
If the Receive Data Link Source Select bits of the Receive Data Link Select Register are set to 00, the Receive  
HDLC Controller block becomes output destination of the data link bits in incoming DS1 frames.  
Each of the eight framers within the XRT84L38 device contains a DS1 Receive High-level Data Link Controller  
(HDLC) block. The function of this block is to establish a serial data link channel in DS1 mode through the fol-  
lowing:  
Facility Data Link (FDL) bits in ESF framing format mode  
Signaling Framing (Fs) bits in SLC®96 framing format mode  
Remote Signaling (R) bits in T1DM framing format mode  
D or E signaling timeslot channel  
Data link bits are automatically inserted into the Facility Data Link (FDL) bits in ESF framing format mode, Sig-  
naling Framing (Fs) bits in SLC®96 framing format mode and Remote Signaling (R) bits in T1DM framing for-  
mat mode or forced to 1 by the framer. Additionally, XRT84L38 allows the user to define any one of ones of the  
twenty-four DS0 timeslots to be D or E channel. We will discuss how to configure XRT84L38 to Receive data  
link information through D or E channels in later section.  
The DS1 Receive HDLC Controller block contains three major functional modules associated with DS1 framing  
formats. They are the:  
SLC®96 Data Link Controller  
LAPD Controller  
Bit-Oriented Signaling Processor.  
There are two 96-byte receive message buffer in shared memory for each of the eight framers to receive data  
link information. When one message buffer is filled up, the DS1 Receive HDLC Controller automatically switch-  
es to the next message buffer to store data link messages. These two message buffers ping-pong among each  
other for data link message storage.  
The SLC®96 Enable bit and the Message Type bit of the Data Link Status Register (DLSR) determines which  
one of the three messages is received and processed by the Receive HDLC Controller block.  
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The table below shows configuration of the SLC®96 Enable bit of the Data Link Control Register (DLCR).  
DATA LINK CONTROL REGISTER (DLCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X13H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7
SLC®96 Enable  
R/W  
0 - In SLC®96 framing mode, the data link transmission is disabled. The  
framer receives the regular SF framing bits.  
In ESF framing mode, the framer receives regular ESF framing bits and  
Facility Data Link (FDL) bits.  
1 - In SLC®96 framing mode, the data link transmission is enabled.  
In ESF framing mode, the framer receives SLC®96-like message in the  
Facility Data Link bits.  
The table below shows configuration of the Message Type bit of the Data Link Status Register (DLSR).  
DATA LINK STATUS REGISTER (DLSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X06H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7
Message Type  
RUR /  
WC  
0 - The Receive HDLC Controller receives and processes Bit-Oriented Sig-  
naling (BOS) message.  
1 - The Receive HDLC Controller receives and processes LAPD protocol  
or Message-Oriented Signaling (MOS) message.  
13.2.2 How to configure XRT84L38 to Receive data link information through D or E Channels  
The XRT84L38 can configure any one or ones of the twenty-four DS0 channels to be D or E channels. D chan-  
nel is used primarily for data link applications. E channel is used primarily for signaling for circuit switching with  
multiple access configurations.  
The Receive Conditioning Select [3:0] bits of the Receive Channel Control Register (RCCR) of each channel  
determine whether that particular channel is configured as D or E channel. These bits also determine what  
type of data or signaling conditioning is applied to each channel.  
RECEIVE CHANNEL CONTROL REGISTER (RCCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN2H, 0X60H - 0X7FH)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
3-0  
Receive Condition-  
ing Select  
R/W  
1111 - This channel is configured as D or E timeslot.  
If the Receive Conditioning Select [3:0] bits of the Receive Channel Control Register of a particular timeslot are  
set to 1111, that timeslot is configured as a D or E timeslot.  
Any D or E timeslot can be configured to direct data link information to the following destinations:  
DS1 Receive Overhead Output Interface Block  
DS1 Receive HDLC Controller Block  
DS1 Receive Serial Output Interface Block  
DS1 Receive Fractional Output Interface Block  
The Receive D or E Channel Source Select [1:0] bits of the Receive Data Link Select Register (RSDLSR) de-  
termines which one of the above-mentioned modules to be output destinations of D or E timeslot. The table be-  
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low shows configuration of the Receive D or E Channel Source Select [1:0] bits of the Receive Data Link Select  
Register (RSDLSR).  
RECEIVE DATA LINK SELECT REGISTER (RSDLSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X0CH)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
3-2  
Receive D or E  
Channel Source  
Select [1:0]  
R/W  
00 - The data link bits extracted form the D or E channel of incoming DS1  
frame are inserted into the Receive Serial Data Output Interface via the  
RxSer_n pins.  
01 - The data link bits extracted form the D or E channel of incoming DS1  
frame are inserted into the Receive HDLC Controller.  
10 - The data link bits extracted form the D or E channel of incoming DS1  
frame are inserted into the Receive Fractional T1 Output Interface via the  
RxFrT1_n pins.  
11 - The data link bits extracted form the D or E channel of incoming DS1  
frame are inserted into the Receive Serial Data Output Interface via the  
RxSer_n pins.  
For the Receive HDLC Controller to be output destination of D or E channel, the Receive D or E Channel  
Source Select [1:0] bits of the Receive Data Link Select Register has to be set to 01.  
13.2.3 Receive BOS (Bit Oriented Signaling) Processor  
The Receive BOS Processor handles receiving and processing of BOS messages through the DS1 data link  
channel. It generates Receive End of Transfer (RxEOT) interrupt each time a BOS message is received and  
stores the BOS message into the receive message buffer. In the later section, we will discuss how to configure  
the BOS Processor Block to receive BOS message.  
13.2.3.1 How to configure the BOS Processor Block to receive BOS  
This section describes how to configure the BOS Processor Block to receive BOS message and how to read  
out the BOS message. The operation of the receive BOS Processor is interrupt-driven. When a BOS message  
is received, message octet is written to the next receive data link message buffer opposite to that last used.  
The receive BOS Processor generates interrupts to the microprocessor notifying it that a BOS message is re-  
ceived. The BOS message can then be extracted from the appropriate receive data link buffer.  
13.2.3.1.1 Step 1: Enable receive BOS message interrupts  
The BOS Processor can generate a couple of interrupts indicating the status of BOS message received to the  
microprocessor. These are the Receive Start of Transfer (RxSOT) interrupt and the Receive End of Transfer  
(RxEOT) interrupt.  
To enable these interrupts, the Receive Start of Transfer Enable bit and the Receive End of Transfer Enable bit  
of the Data Link Interrupt Enable Register (DLIER) have to be set. In addition, the HDLC Controller Interrupt  
Enable bit of the Block Interrupt Enable Register (BIER) needs to be one.  
The table below shows configurations of the Receive Start of Transfer Enable bit and the Receive End of Trans-  
fer Enable bit of the Data Link Interrupt Enable Register.  
DATA LINK INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER (DLIER) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X07H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
5
Receive Start of  
Transfer Enable  
R/W  
0 - The Receive Start of Transfer interrupt is disabled.  
1 - The Receive Start of Transfer interrupt is enabled.  
3
Receive End of  
Transfer Enable  
R/W  
0 - The Receive End of Transfer interrupt is disabled.  
1 - The Receive End of Transfer interrupt is enabled.  
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The table below shows configurations of the HDLC Controller Interrupt Enable bit of the Block Interrupt Enable  
Register.  
BLOCK INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER (BIER) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X00H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
3
HDLC Controller  
Interrupt Enable  
R/W  
0 - Every interrupt generated by the HDLC Controller is disabled.  
1 - Every interrupt generated by the HDLC Controller is enabled.  
When these interrupt enable bits are set and the BOS message is received in the data link channel, the BOS  
Processor changes the Receive Start of Transfer and Receive End of Transfer status bits of the Data Link Sta-  
tus Register (DLSR). These two status indicators are valid until the Data Link Status Register is read. Reading  
these register clears the associated interrupt if Reset Upon Read is selected in Interrupt Control Register  
(ICR). Otherwise, a write-to-clear operation by the microprocessor is required to reset these status indicators.  
The table below shows the Receive Start of Transfer and Receive End of Transfer status bits of the Data Link  
Status Register.  
DATA LINK STATUS REGISTER (DLSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X06H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
5
Receive Start of  
Transfer  
RUR /  
WC  
0 - There is no data link message in the data link channel.  
1 - The HDLC Controller began to receive a data link message in the data  
link channel.  
3
Receive End of  
Transfer  
RUR /  
WC  
0 - No data link message was present in the data link channel.  
1 - The HDLC Controller finished receiving a data link message in the data  
link channel.  
The BOS Processor can also generate interrupts when either the BOS ABORT sequence (nine consecutive  
ones) or the IDLE flag character (hexadecimal value of 0x7EH) is received in the data link channel to the micro-  
processor. These are the Receive ABORT Sequence (RxABORT) interrupt and the Receive IDLE Flag Se-  
quence (RxIDLE) interrupt.  
To enable these interrupts, the Receive ABORT Sequence Enable bit and the Receive IDLE Flag Sequence  
Enable bit of the Data Link Interrupt Enable Register (DLIER) have to be set. In addition, the HDLC Controller  
Interrupt Enable bit of the Block Interrupt Enable Register (BIER) needs to be one.  
The table below shows configurations of the Receive ABORT Sequence Enable bit and the Receive IDLE Flag  
Sequence Enable bit of the Data Link Interrupt Enable Register.  
DATA LINK INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER (DLIER) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X07H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
1
Receive ABORT  
Sequence Enable  
R/W  
0 - The Receive ABORT Sequence interrupt is disabled.  
1 - The Receive ABORT Sequence interrupt is enabled.  
0
Receive IDLE Flag  
Sequence Enable  
R/W  
0 - The Receive IDLE Flag Sequence interrupt is disabled.  
1 - The Receive IDLE Flag Sequence interrupt is enabled.  
When these interrupt enable bits are set and the BOS ABORT sequence or IDLE Flag Sequence is received in  
the data link channel, the BOS Processor changes the Receive ABORT Sequence and Receive IDLE Flag Se-  
quence status bits of the Data Link Status Register (DLSR). These two status indicators are valid until the Data  
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Link Status Register is read. Reading these register clears the associated interrupt if Reset Upon Read is se-  
lected in Interrupt Control Register (ICR). Otherwise, a write-to-clear operation by the microprocessor is re-  
quired to reset these status indicators.  
The table below shows the Receive ABORT Sequence and Receive IDLE Flag Sequence status bits of the Da-  
ta Link Status Register.  
DATA LINK STATUS REGISTER (DLSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X06H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
1
Receive ABORT  
Sequence  
RUR /  
WC  
0 - There is no BOS ABORT sequence received in the data link channel.  
1 - The HDLC Controller receives BOS ABORT sequence in the data link  
channel.  
0
Receive IDLE Flag  
Sequence  
RUR /  
WC  
0 - The message received in the data link channel is BOS message.  
1 - The message received in the data link channel is MOS message.  
13.2.3.1.2 Step 2: Find out the next available receive data link buffer  
To transmit a bit-oriented signal, a repeating message is sent of the form (0d5d4d3d2d1d0011111111), where  
the "d5d4d3d2d1d0" represents a six-bit message. When receiving a BOS message, the received message  
octet is written to the next available receive data link buffer in the form of (0d5d4d3d2d1d00). The user is rec-  
ommended to read Receive Data Link Byte Count Register for next available receive data link buffer number.  
The table below shows how contents of the Receive Buffer Pointer bit of the Receive Data Link Byte Count  
Register (RDLBCR) determines what the next available receive data link buffer number is.  
RECEIVE DATA LINK BYTE COUNT REGISTER (RDLBCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X15H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7
Receive Buffer  
Pointer  
R
0 - The next available receive data link buffer for reading out BOS or MOS  
message is Buffer 0.  
1 - The next available receive data link buffer for reading out BOS or MOS  
message is Buffer 1.  
13.2.3.1.3 Step 3: Program BOS Message receiving repetitions  
The user should program the value of message receiving repetitions into the Receive Data Link Byte Count  
Register. The framer will receive the BOS message the same number of times as was stored in the Receive  
Data Link Byte Count Register (RDLBCR) before generating the Receive End of Transfer (RxEOT) interrupts.  
If the value stored inside the Receive Data Link Byte Count Register (RDLBCR) is set to 0, the message will be  
received indefinitely and no Receive End of Transfer interrupt will be generated.  
The table below shows configurations of the Receive Data Link Byte Count [6:0] bits the Receive Data Link  
Byte Count Register (RDLBCR).  
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RECEIVE DATA LINK BYTE COUNT REGISTER (RDLBCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X15H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
6-0  
Receive Data Link  
Byte Count [6:0]  
R/W  
Value of these bits determines how many times a BOS message pattern  
will be received by the framer before generating the Receive End of Trans-  
fer (TxEOT) interrupt.  
NOTE: If these bits are set to 0, the BOS message will be received indefi-  
nitely and no Receive End of Transfer interrupts will be generated.  
13.2.3.1.4 Step 4: Read BOS Message from receive data link buffer  
Upon detection of the Receive End of Transfer (RxEOT) interrupt, the user should read the Message Type bit of  
the Data Link Status Register (DLSR) to find out what is the type of message received.  
The table below shows how contents of the Message Type bit of the Data Link Status Register (DLSR) deter-  
mines what the type of message received in the data link channel is.  
DATA LINK STATUS REGISTER (DLSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X06H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7
Message Type  
RUR /  
WC  
0 - There is no BOS ABORT sequence received in the data link channel.  
1 - The HDLC Controller receives BOS ABORT sequence in the data link  
channel.  
After determined that the received message is a BOS one, the use should read eight bits message from the  
first location of the next available receive data link buffer. The reading of these buffers is through the LAPD  
Buffer 0 indirect data registers and the LAPD Buffer1 indirect data registers. LAPD Buffer 0 and 1 indirect data  
registers have addresses 0xn6H and 0xn7H respectively. There is no indirect address register for receive data  
link buffer 0 and 1.  
A microcontroller WRITE access to the LAPD Buffer indirect data registers will access the receive data link  
buffer and a microcontroller READ will access the receive data link buffers. The very first READ access to the  
LAPD Buffer indirect data register will always be direct to location 0 within the receive data link buffer.  
For example, if the BOS Message to received is (101011) and the next available receive data link buffer of  
Channel n is 1. The user should be able to read pattern (01010110) from receive data link buffer 1 of Channel  
n. The following microprocessor access to the framer should be done:  
RD  
n7H  
The result of the READ access should be 0x56H.  
13.2.4 Receive LAPD Controller  
The receive LAPD controller implements the Message-Oriented protocol based on ITU Recommendation  
Q.921 Link Access Procedures on the D-channel (LAPD) type of protocol. It provides the following functions:  
Zero deletion  
Pattern recognition for IDLE flag detection  
Pattern recognition for ABORT sequence detection  
Frame check sequence verification  
T1 receiver interface  
Receive data link message buffer access  
Two 96-byte buffers in shared memory are allocated for receive LAPD Controller to reduce the frequency of mi-  
croprocessor interrupts and alleviate the response time requirement for microprocessor to handle each inter-  
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rupt. There are no restrictions on the length of the message received. However, the 96-byte buffer is deep  
enough to hold one entire LAPD path or test signal identification message.  
The following section discuss how to configure the receive LAPD Controller to receive and extract MOS mes-  
sages.  
13.2.4.1 How to configure the Receive HDLC Controller Block to receive MOS message  
This section describes how to configure the LAPD Controller Block to receive and extract MOS message in a  
step-by-step basis.  
The operation of the receive LAPD Controller is interrupt-driven. When an MOS message is receiving, mes-  
sage octets are written to the next receive data link message buffer opposite to that last used. Each time the re-  
ceiving data link message buffer is filled, a RxEOT interrupt is issued if it is enabled. This process continues  
until an ABORT sequence is received or an IDLE flag is received.  
An interrupt is issued when one of the following conditions occurs and the corresponding interrupt enable bit is  
set.  
The RxSOT is set when the beginning of a data link message is received (the first non-flag message).  
The RxEOT is set when the end of a data link block is received.  
The RxIDLE is set if an IDLE flag sequence (b01111110) is received on the data link after either an ABORT  
sequence is received or a complete message is received.  
The RxABORT is set when an ABORT sequence is received.  
The FCS_ERR is issued when an erroneous frame check sequence is detected at the end of a message or  
an idle flag is received that is not octet aligned.  
13.2.4.1.1 Step 1: Enable receive MOS message interrupts  
The receive LAPD Controller can generate a couple of interrupts indicating the status of MOS message re-  
ceived to the microprocessor. These are the Receive Start of Transfer (RxSOT) interrupt and the Receive End  
of Transfer (RxEOT) interrupt.  
To enable these interrupts, the Receive Start of Transfer Enable bit and the Receive End of Transfer Enable bit  
of the Data Link Interrupt Enable Register (DLIER) have to be set. In addition, the HDLC Controller Interrupt  
Enable bit of the Block Interrupt Enable Register (BIER) needs to be one.  
The table below shows configurations of the Receive Start of Transfer Enable bit and the Receive End of Trans-  
fer Enable bit of the Data Link Interrupt Enable Register.  
DATA LINK INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER (DLIER) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X07H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
5
Receive Start of  
Transfer Enable  
R/W  
0 - The Receive Start of Transfer interrupt is disabled.  
1 - The Receive Start of Transfer interrupt is enabled.  
3
Receive End of  
Transfer Enable  
R/W  
0 - The Receive End of Transfer interrupt is disabled.  
1 - The Receive End of Transfer interrupt is enabled.  
The table below shows configurations of the HDLC Controller Interrupt Enable bit of the Block Interrupt Enable  
Register.  
BLOCK INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER (BIER) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X00H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
3
HDLC Controller  
Interrupt Enable  
R/W  
0 - Every interrupt generated by the HDLC Controller is disabled.  
1 - Every interrupt generated by the HDLC Controller is enabled.  
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When these interrupt enable bits are set and the MOS message is received in the data link channel, the LAPD  
Controller changes the Receive Start of Transfer and Receive End of Transfer status bits of the Data Link Sta-  
tus Register (DLSR). These two status indicators are valid until the Data Link Status Register is read. Reading  
these register clears the associated interrupt if Reset Upon Read is selected in Interrupt Control Register  
(ICR). Otherwise, a write-to-clear operation by the microprocessor is required to reset these status indicators.  
The table below shows the Receive Start of Transfer and Receive End of Transfer status bits of the Data Link  
Status Register.  
DATA LINK STATUS REGISTER (DLSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X06H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
5
Receive Start of  
Transfer  
RUR /  
WC  
0 - There is no data link message in the data link channel.  
1 - The HDLC Controller began to receive a data link message in the data  
link channel.  
3
Receive End of  
Transfer  
RUR /  
WC  
0 - No data link message was present in the data link channel.  
1 - The HDLC Controller finished receiving a data link message in the data  
link channel.  
The LAPD Controller can also generate interrupts when either the MOS ABORT sequence (seven consecutive  
ones) or the IDLE flag character (hexadecimal value of 0x7EH) is received in the data link channel to the micro-  
processor. These are the Receive ABORT Sequence (RxABORT) interrupt and the Receive IDLE Flag Se-  
quence (RxIDLE) interrupt.  
To enable these interrupts, the Receive ABORT Sequence Enable bit and the Receive IDLE Flag Sequence  
Enable bit of the Data Link Interrupt Enable Register (DLIER) have to be set. In addition, the HDLC Controller  
Interrupt Enable bit of the Block Interrupt Enable Register (BIER) needs to be one.  
The table below shows configurations of the Receive ABORT Sequence Enable bit and the Receive IDLE Flag  
Sequence Enable bit of the Data Link Interrupt Enable Register.  
DATA LINK INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER (DLIER) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X07H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
1
Receive ABORT  
Sequence Enable  
R/W  
0 - The Receive ABORT Sequence interrupt is disabled.  
1 - The Receive ABORT Sequence interrupt is enabled.  
0
Receive IDLE Flag  
Sequence Enable  
R/W  
0 - The Receive IDLE Flag Sequence interrupt is disabled.  
1 - The Receive IDLE Flag Sequence interrupt is enabled.  
When these interrupt enable bits are set and the MOS ABORT sequence or IDLE Flag Sequence is received in  
the data link channel, the LAPD Controller changes the Receive ABORT Sequence and Receive IDLE Flag Se-  
quence status bits of the Data Link Status Register (DLSR). These two status indicators are valid until the Data  
Link Status Register is read. Reading these register clears the associated interrupt if Reset Upon Read is se-  
lected in Interrupt Control Register (ICR). Otherwise, a write-to-clear operation by the microprocessor is re-  
quired to reset these status indicators.  
431  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
The table below shows the Receive ABORT Sequence and Receive IDLE Flag Sequence status bits of the Da-  
ta Link Status Register.  
DATA LINK STATUS REGISTER (DLSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X06H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
1
Receive ABORT  
Sequence  
RUR /  
WC  
0 - There is no BOS ABORT sequence received in the data link channel.  
1 - The HDLC Controller receives MOS ABORT sequence in the data link  
channel.  
0
Receive IDLE Flag  
Sequence  
RUR /  
WC  
0 - The message received in the data link channel is BOS message.  
1 - The message received in the data link channel is MOS message.  
Finally, the LAPD Controller generates Frame Check Sequence Error (FCS_ERR) interrupt when an erroneous  
frame check sequence is detected at the end of a message or an IDLE flag is received that is not octet aligned.  
To enable this interrupt, the Frame Check Sequence Error Detection Enable bit of the Data Link Interrupt En-  
able Register (DLIER) have to be set. In addition, the HDLC Controller Interrupt Enable bit of the Block Inter-  
rupt Enable Register (BIER) needs to be one.  
The table below shows configurations of the Frame Check Sequence Error Detection Enable bit of the Data  
Link Interrupt Enable Register.  
DATA LINK INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER (DLIER) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X07H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
2
Frame Check  
Sequence Error  
Detection Enable  
R/W  
0 - The Frame Check Sequence Error Detection interrupt is disabled.  
1 - The Frame Check Sequence Error Detection interrupt is enabled.  
When the Frame Check Sequence Error Detection interrupt enable bits is set and an erroneous frame check  
sequence is detected at the end of a message, the LAPD Controller changes the Frame Check Sequence Er-  
ror Detection status bits of the Data Link Status Register (DLSR). This status indicator is valid until the Data  
Link Status Register is read. Reading this register clears the associated interrupt if Reset Upon Read is select-  
ed in Interrupt Control Register (ICR). Otherwise, a write-to-clear operation by the microprocessor is required  
to reset this status indicator.  
The table below shows the Frame Check Sequence Error Detection status bits of the Data Link Status Regis-  
ter.  
DATA LINK STATUS REGISTER (DLSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X06H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
2
Frame Check  
Sequence Error  
Detection  
RUR /  
WC  
0 - There is no FCS error detected in the data link channel.  
1 - The HDLC Controller receives an erroneous FCS in the data link chan-  
nel.  
13.2.4.1.2 Step 2: Find out the next available receive data link buffer  
When the LAPD Controller is receiving MOS message, the received message octets are written to the next  
available receive data link buffer. The user is recommended to read Receive Data Link Byte Count Register for  
next available receive data link buffer number.  
432  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
The table below shows how contents of the Receive Buffer Pointer bit of the Receive Data Link Byte Count  
Register (RDLBCR) determines what the next available receive data link buffer number is.  
RECEIVE DATA LINK BYTE COUNT REGISTER (RDLBCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X15H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7
Receive Buffer  
Pointer  
R
0 - The next available receive data link buffer for reading out BOS or MOS  
message is Buffer 0.  
1 - The next available receive data link buffer for reading out BOS or MOS  
message is Buffer 1.  
13.2.4.1.3 Step 3: Reading the Receive Data Link Byte Count Register  
The user should read the length of MOS message from the Receive Data Link Byte Count Register. The re-  
ceive LAPD Controller increments the Receive Data Link Byte Count Register value when each octet of MOS  
message is received. After the Receive End of Transfer (RxEOT) interrupt is generated, the Receive Data Link  
Byte Count Register should contain the length of entire MOS message.  
The table below shows configurations of the Receive Data Link Byte Count [6:0] bits of the Receive Data Link  
Byte Count Register (RDLBCR).  
RECEIVE DATA LINK BYTE COUNT REGISTER (RDLBCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X15H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
6-0  
Receive Data Link  
Byte Count [6:0]  
R
Value of these bits determines how many times a BOS message pattern  
will be received by the framer before generating the Receive End of Trans-  
fer (TxEOT) interrupt.  
13.2.4.1.4 Step 4: Read MOS Message from receive data link buffer  
Upon detection of the Receive End of Transfer (RxEOT) interrupt, the user should read the Message Type bit of  
the Data Link Status Register (DLSR) to find out what is the type of message received.  
The table below shows how contents of the Message Type bit of the Data Link Status Register (DLSR) deter-  
mines what the type of message received in the data link channel is.  
DATA LINK STATUS REGISTER (DLSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X06H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7
Message Type  
RUR /  
WC  
0 - Message received in the data link channel is BOS.  
1 - Message received in the data link channel is MOS.  
After determined that the received message is an MOS one, the use should read the entire message from the  
available receive data link buffer. The reading of these buffers is through the LAPD Buffer 0 indirect data regis-  
ters and the LAPD Buffer1 indirect data registers. LAPD Buffer 0 and 1 indirect data registers have addresses  
0xn6H and 0xn7H respectively. There is no indirect address register for receive data link buffer 0 and 1.  
A microcontroller WRITE access to the LAPD Buffer indirect data registers will access the receive data link  
buffer and a microcontroller READ will access the receive data link buffers. The very first READ access to the  
LAPD Buffer indirect data register will always be direct to location 0 within the receive data link buffer.  
For example, if the first octet of the MOS Message received is (10101100) and the next available receive data  
link buffer of Channel n is 1. The user should be able to read pattern (01010110) from receive data link buffer 1  
of Channel n. The following microprocessor access to the framer should be done:  
433  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
RD  
n7H  
The result of the READ access should be 0xACH.  
13.2.5 Receive SLCâ96 Data link Controller  
This section describes how to configure the Receive SLC®96 Data Link Controller block to receive SLC®96  
Data Link message and how to read out the message from the receive data link message buffer. The operation  
of the Receive SLC®96 Data Link Controller is interrupt-driven. When a 36-bit SLC®96 Data Link message is  
received, message octet is written to the next receive data link message buffer opposite to that last used. The  
receive SLC®96 Data Link Controller generates interrupts to the microprocessor notifying it that a message is  
received. The data link message can then be extracted from the appropriate receive data link buffer.  
In order to enable this mode of operation, the framing mode must be set to SLC®96. The XRT84L38 allocates  
two 6-byte buffers to provide SLC®96 Data Link Controller an alternating access mechanism for information re-  
ceived. The bit ordering and usage is shown in the following table. The bits 7 and 6 are forced to 0 by the  
SLC®96 Data Link Controller.  
RECEIVE SLC®96 MESSAGE REGISTERS  
BITBYTE  
1/7  
7
0
0
0
0
0
0
6
0
0
0
0
0
0
5
0
4
1
3
1
2
1
1
0
0
0
2/8  
C1  
C7  
1
1
1
1
0
0
3/9  
C6  
0
C5  
C11  
M3  
S4  
C4  
C10  
M2  
S3  
C3  
C9  
M1  
S2  
C2  
C8  
0
4/10  
5/11  
6/12  
A2  
0
A1  
1
S1  
13.2.5.1 How to configure the SLC®96 Data Link Controller to receive SLC®96 Data Link Messages  
This section describes how to configure the SLC®96 Data Link Controller to receive SLC®96 Data Link mes-  
sage in a step-by-step basis.  
The operation of the receive SLC®96 Data Link Controller is interrupt-driven. When an SLC®96 Data Link  
message is receiving, message octets are written to the next receive data link message buffer opposite to that  
last used. Every time the SLC®96 Data Link controller receives a 36-bit SLC®96 data link message, an RxEOT  
interrupt is issued if it is enabled. This process continues until an ABORT sequence is received.  
An interrupt is issued when one of the following conditions occurs and the corresponding interrupt enable bit is  
set.  
The RxSOT is set when the beginning of a data link message is received.  
The RxEOT is set when the end of a data link block is received.  
The RxABORT is set when an ABORT sequence is received.  
13.2.5.1.1 Step 1: Enable receive SLC®96 Data Link message interrupts  
The receive SLC®96 Data Link Controller can generate a couple of interrupts indicating the status of SLC®96  
message received to the microprocessor. These are the Receive Start of Transfer (RxSOT) interrupt and the  
Receive End of Transfer (RxEOT) interrupt.  
To enable these interrupts, the Receive Start of Transfer Enable bit and the Receive End of Transfer Enable bit  
of the Data Link Interrupt Enable Register (DLIER) have to be set. In addition, the HDLC Controller Interrupt  
Enable bit of the Block Interrupt Enable Register (BIER) needs to be one.  
434  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
The table below shows configurations of the Receive Start of Transfer Enable bit and the Receive End of Trans-  
fer Enable bit of the Data Link Interrupt Enable Register.  
DATA LINK INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER (DLIER) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X07H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
5
Receive Start of  
Transfer Enable  
R/W  
0 - The Receive Start of Transfer interrupt is disabled.  
1 - The Receive Start of Transfer interrupt is enabled.  
3
Receive End of  
Transfer Enable  
R/W  
0 - The Receive End of Transfer interrupt is disabled.  
1 - The Receive End of Transfer interrupt is enabled.  
The table below shows configurations of the HDLC Controller Interrupt Enable bit of the Block Interrupt Enable  
Register.  
BLOCK INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER (BIER) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X00H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
3
HDLC Controller  
Interrupt Enable  
R/W  
0 - Every interrupt generated by the HDLC Controller is disabled.  
1 - Every interrupt generated by the HDLC Controller is enabled.  
When these interrupt enable bits are set and the SLC®96 message is received in the data link channel, the  
SLC®96 Data Link Controller changes the Receive Start of Transfer and Receive End of Transfer status bits of  
the Data Link Status Register (DLSR). These two status indicators are valid until the Data Link Status Register  
is read. Reading these register clears the associated interrupt if Reset Upon Read is selected in Interrupt Con-  
trol Register (ICR). Otherwise, a write-to-clear operation by the microprocessor is required to reset these status  
indicators.  
The table below shows the Receive Start of Transfer and Receive End of Transfer status bits of the Data Link  
Status Register.  
DATA LINK STATUS REGISTER (DLSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X06H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
5
Receive Start of  
Transfer  
RUR /  
WC  
0 - There is no data link message in the data link channel.  
1 - The SLC®96 Data Link Controller began to receive a data link message  
in the data link channel.  
3
Receive End of  
Transfer  
RUR /  
WC  
0 - No data link message was present in the data link channel.  
1 - The SLC®96 Data Link Controller finished receiving a data link mes-  
sage in the data link channel.  
The SLC®96 Data Link Controller can also generate interrupts when the ABORT sequence is received in the  
data link channel to the microprocessor. This is the Receive ABORT Sequence (RxABORT).  
To enable this interrupt, the Receive ABORT Sequence Enable bit of the Data Link Interrupt Enable Register  
(DLIER) have to be set. In addition, the HDLC Controller Interrupt Enable bit of the Block Interrupt Enable Reg-  
ister (BIER) needs to be one.  
435  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
The table below shows configurations of the Receive ABORT Sequence Enable bit and the Receive IDLE Flag  
Sequence Enable bit of the Data Link Interrupt Enable Register.  
DATA LINK INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER (DLIER) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X07H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
1
Receive ABORT  
Sequence Enable  
R/W  
0 - The Receive ABORT Sequence interrupt is disabled.  
1 - The Receive ABORT Sequence interrupt is enabled.  
When these interrupt enable bits are set and the SLC®96 ABORT sequence is received in the data link chan-  
nel, the SLC®96 Data Link Controller changes the Receive ABORT Sequence status bit of the Data Link Sta-  
tus Register (DLSR). This status indicator is valid until the Data Link Status Register is read. Reading the reg-  
ister clears the associated interrupt if Reset Upon Read is selected in Interrupt Control Register (ICR). Other-  
wise, a write-to-clear operation by the microprocessor is required to reset these status indicators.  
The table below shows the Receive ABORT Sequence status bit of the Data Link Status Register.  
DATA LINK STATUS REGISTER (DLSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X06H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
1
Receive ABORT  
Sequence  
RUR /  
WC  
0 - There is no BOS ABORT sequence received in the data link channel.  
1 - The SLC®96 Data Link Controller receives ABORT sequence in the  
data link channel.  
13.2.5.1.2 Step 2: Find out the next available receive data link buffer  
When the SLC®96 Data Link Controller is receiving SLC®96 message, the received message octets are writ-  
ten to the next available receive data link buffer. The user is recommended to read Receive Data Link Byte  
Count Register for next available receive data link buffer number.  
The table below shows how contents of the Receive Buffer Pointer bit of the Receive Data Link Byte Count  
Register (RDLBCR) determines what the next available receive data link buffer number is.  
RECEIVE DATA LINK BYTE COUNT REGISTER (RDLBCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X15H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7
Receive Buffer  
Pointer  
R
0 - The next available receive data link buffer for reading out data link mes-  
sage is Buffer 0.  
1 - The next available receive data link buffer for reading out data link mes-  
sage is Buffer 1.  
13.2.5.1.3 Step 3: Read SLC®96 Data LInk Message from receive data link buffer  
Upon detection of the Receive End of Transfer (RxEOT) interrupt, the use should read the entire SLC®96 Data  
Link message from the available receive data link buffer. The reading of these buffers is through the LAPD Buff-  
er 0 indirect data registers and the LAPD Buffer1 indirect data registers. LAPD Buffer 0 and 1 indirect data reg-  
isters have addresses 0xn6H and 0xn7H respectively. There is no indirect address register for receive data link  
buffer 0 and 1.  
A microcontroller WRITE access to the LAPD Buffer indirect data registers will access the receive data link  
buffer and a microcontroller READ will access the receive data link buffers. The very first READ access to the  
LAPD Buffer indirect data register will always be direct to location 0 within the receive data link buffer.  
436  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
For example, if the first octet of the SLC®96 Message received is (00101011) and the next available receive  
data link buffer of Channel n is 1. The user should be able to read pattern (00101011) from receive data link  
buffer 1 of Channel n. The following microprocessor access to the framer should be done:  
RD  
n7H  
The result of the READ access should be 0x2BH.  
437  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
14.0 E1 HDLC CONTROLLER BLOCK  
14.1 E1 TRANSMIT HDLC CONTROLLER BLOCK  
14.1.1 Description of the E1 Transmit HDLC Controller Block  
XRT84L38 allows user to insert data link information to outbound E1 frames. The data link information in E1  
framing format mode can be inserted from:  
E1 Transmit Overhead Input Interface Block  
E1 Transmit HDLC Controller  
E1 Transmit Serial Input Interface  
The Transmit Data Link Source Select [1:0] bits, within the Synchronization MUX Register (SMR) determine  
source of the data link bits to be inserted into the outgoing E1 frames.  
The table below shows configuration of the Transmit Data Link Source Select [1:0] bits of the Synchronization  
MUX Register (SMR).  
SYNCHRONIZATION MUX REGISTER (SMR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X09H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
3-2  
Transmit Data Link  
Source Select [1:0]  
R/W  
00 - The data link bits are inserted into the framer through the Transmit  
Serial Data input Interface via the TxSer_n pins.  
01 - The data link bits are inserted into the framer through the Transmit  
HDLC Controller.  
10 - The data link bits are inserted into the framer through the Transmit  
Overhead Input Interface via the TxOH_n pins.  
11 - The data link bits are inserted into the framer through the Transmit  
Serial Data input Interface via the TxSer_n pins.  
If the Transmit Data Link Source Select bits of the Transmit Data Link Select Register are set to 01, the Trans-  
mit HDLC Controller block becomes input source of the data link bits in outgoing E1 frames.  
Each of the eight framers within the XRT84L38 device contains an E1 Transmit High-level Data Link Controller  
(HDLC) block. The function of this block is to provide a serial data link channel in E1 mode through the follow-  
ing:  
The National bits (Sa4 through Sa8) of Timeslot 0 of non-FAS frame  
Timeslot 16 octet when the framer is in Common Channel Signaling mode  
D or E signaling timeslot channel  
We will discuss how to configure XRT84L38 to transmit data link information through each of these data link  
channels in later sections.  
The E1 Transmit HDLC Controller block contains two major functional modules associated with E1 framing for-  
mats. They are the LAPD Controller and the Bit-Oriented Signaling Processor.  
There are two 96-byte transmit message buffers in shared memory for each of the eight framers to transmit da-  
ta link information. When one message buffer is filled up, the Transmit HDLC Controller automatically switches  
to the next message buffer to load data link messages. These two message buffers ping-pong among each  
other for data link message transmission.  
The LAPD Enable bit of the Data Link Control Register (DLCR) determines whether the Transmit HDLC Con-  
troller block should perform as the LAPD Controller or the BOS Processor.  
438  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
The table below shows configuration of the LAPD Enable bit of the Data Link Control Register (DLCR).  
DATA LINK CONTROL REGISTER (DLCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H, 0X13H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
0
LAPD Enable  
R/W  
0 - The Transmit HDLC Controller will send out Bit-Oriented Signaling  
(BOS) message.  
1 - The Transmit HDLC Controller will send out LAPD protocol or so-called  
Message-Oriented Signaling (MOS) message.  
14.1.2 How to configure XRT84L38 to transmit data link information through the National bits (Sa4  
through Sa8)  
As mentioned in previous section, the National bits (Sa4 through Sa8) of Timeslot 0 of non-FAS frame can be  
used to transmit data link information in E1 mode.  
The XRT84L38 allows the user to decide on the following:  
Whether the National bits will be used to carry the data link information bits.  
How many of the National Bits will be used to carry the Data Link information bits.  
Which of these National Bits will be used to carry the Data Link information bits.  
The Transmit Signaling and Data Link Control [2:0] bits of the Transmit Signaling and Data Link Select Register  
(TSDLSR) determines if the National bits will be used to carry data link information. The table below shows  
configuration of the Transmit Signaling and Data Link Control [2:0] bits of the Transmit Signaling and Data Link  
Select Register (TSDLSR).  
TRANSMIT SIGNALING AND DATA LINK SELECT REGISTER (TSDLSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS =  
0XN0H, 0X0AH)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
2-0  
Transmit Signaling  
and Data Link  
Select  
R/W  
000 - The data link interface is source of the Sa4 through Sa8 Nation bits.  
001 - The data link interface is source of the Sa4 through Sa8 Nation bits.  
010 - The Sa4 through Sa8 Nation bits are forced to 1.  
011 - The Sa4 through Sa8 Nation bits are forced to 1.  
1xx - The Sa4 through Sa8 Nation bits are forced to 1.  
If the Transmit Signaling and Data Link Select [2:0] bits of the Transmit Signaling and Data Link Select Register  
is set to 000 or 001, the data link interface becomes source of the Sa4 through Sa8 National bits.  
The Transmit Sa Data Link Select bits of the Transmit Signaling and Data Link Select Register (TSDLSR) de-  
termine which ones of the National bits are configured as Data Link bits in E1 framing format mode. Depending  
upon the configuration of the Transmit Signaling and Data Link Select Register, either of the following cases  
may exists:  
None of the National bits are used to transport the Data Link information bits (That is, data link channel of  
XRT84L38 is inactive).  
Any combination of between 1 and all 5 of the National bits can be selected to transport the Data Link infor-  
mation bits.  
439  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
The table below shows configuration of the Transmit Sa Data Link Select bits of the Transmit Signaling and Da-  
ta Link Select Register (TSDLSR).  
TRANSMIT SIGNALING AND DATA LINK SELECT REGISTER (TSDLSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS =  
0XN0H, 0X0AH)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7
Transmit Sa8 Data  
Link Select  
R/W  
0 - Source of the Sa8 Nation bit is not from the data link interface.  
1 - Source the Sa8 National bit from the data link interface.  
6
5
4
3
Transmit Sa7 Data  
Link Select  
R/W  
R/W  
R/W  
R/W  
0 - Source of the Sa7 Nation bit is not from the data link interface.  
1 - Source the Sa7 National bit from the data link interface.  
Transmit Sa6 Data  
Link Select  
0 - Source of the Sa6 Nation bit is not from the data link interface.  
1 - Source the Sa6 National bit from the data link interface.  
Transmit Sa5 Data  
Link Select  
0 - Source of the Sa5 Nation bit is not from the data link interface.  
1 - Source the Sa5 National bit from the data link interface.  
Transmit Sa4 Data  
Link Select  
0 - Source of the Sa4 Nation bit is not from the data link interface.  
1 - Source the Sa4 National bit from the data link interface.  
14.1.3 How to configure XRT84L38 to transmit data link information through Timeslot 16 octet  
In E1 mode, Timeslot 16 octet can be configured to transmit the following:  
Channel Associated Signaling (CAS) bits A, B, C and D  
Common Channel Signaling (CCS) bits  
The Common Channel Signaling (CCS) messages are actually data link information applicable to all thirty-two  
timeslots of an E1 frame, thus the name Common Channel Signaling. The Transmit Signaling and Data Link  
Control [2:0] bits of the Transmit Signaling and Data Link Select Register (TSDLSR) determine if Timeslot octet  
will be used to carry data link information or CAS signals. The table below shows configuration of the Transmit  
Signaling and Data Link Control [2:0] bits of the Transmit Signaling and Data Link Select Register (TSDLSR).  
TRANSMIT SIGNALING AND DATA LINK SELECT REGISTER (TSDLSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS =  
0XN0H, 0X0AH)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
2-0  
Transmit Signaling  
and Data Link  
Select  
R/W  
000 - Timeslot 16 octet is taken directly from the Transmit Serial Input  
Interface through the TxSer_n pin.  
001 - Timeslot 16 octet is taken directly from the Transmit Overhead Input  
Interface through the TxOH_n pin or the Transmit Signaling Control Regis-  
ter of Timeslot 16.  
010 - Timeslot 16 octet is taken directly from the Transmit Serial Input  
Interface through the TxSer_n pin.  
011 - Timeslot 16 octet is taken directly from the Transmit Overhead Input  
Interface through the TxOH_n pin or the Transmit Signaling Control Regis-  
ter of Timeslot 16.  
1xx - Timeslot 16 octet is taken from the data link interface.  
If the Transmit Signaling and Data Link Select [2:0] bits of the Transmit Signaling and Data Link Select Register  
are set to 1xx, the data link interface becomes source of the Timeslot 16 octet.  
14.1.4 How to configure XRT84L38 to transmit data link information through D or E Channels  
440  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
The XRT84L38 can configure any one or ones of the thirty-two E1 channels to be D or E channels except for  
Channel number 0. D channel is used primarily for data link applications. E channel is used primarily for signal-  
ing for circuit switching with multiple access configurations.  
The Transmit Conditioning Select [3:0] bits of the Transmit Channel Control Register (TCCR) of each channel  
determine whether that particular channel is configured as D or E channel. These bits also determine what  
type of data or signaling conditioning is applied to each channel.  
TRANSMIT CHANNEL CONTROL REGISTER (TCCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN2H, 0X00H - 0X1FH)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
3-0  
Transmit Condi-  
tioning Select  
R/W  
1111 - This channel is configured as D or E timeslot.  
If the Transmit Conditioning Select [3:0] bits of the Transmit Channel Control Register of a particular timeslot  
are set to 1111, that timeslot is configured as a D or E timeslot.  
NOTE: Timeslot 0 can never be configured as D or E timeslot.  
14.1.5 Transmit BOS (Bit Oriented Signaling) Processor  
The Transmit BOS Processor handles transmission of BOS messages through the E1 data link channel. It de-  
termines how many repetitions a certain BOS message will be transmitted. It also inserts BOS IDLE flag se-  
quence and ABORT sequence to be transmitted on the data link channel. Please see Section ? for descriptions  
of BOS message format and how to transmit BOS message.  
14.1.6 Transmit MOS (Message Oriented Signaling) or LAPD Controller  
The Transmit LAPD controller implements the Message-Oriented protocol based on ITU Recommendation  
Q.921 Link Access Procedures on the D-channel (LAPD) type of protocol. It provides the following functions:  
Zero stuffing  
T1/E1 transmitter interface  
Transmit message buffer access  
Frame check sequence generation  
IDLE flag insertion  
ABORT sequence generation  
Two 96-byte buffers in shared memory are allocated for LAPD transmitter to reduce the frequency of micropro-  
cessor interrupts and alleviate the response time requirement for microprocessor to handle each interrupt.  
There are no restrictions on the length of the message. However the 96-byte buffer is deep enough to hold one  
entire LAPD path or test signal identification message. Please see Section ? for descriptions of MOS message  
format and how to configure the LAPD Controller to transmit MOS message.  
14.2 E1 RECEIVE HDLC CONTROLLER BLOCK  
14.2.1 Description of the E1 Receive HDLC Controller Block  
XRT84L38 detects and extracts data link information from incoming E1 frames. The data link information in E1  
framing format mode can be extracted to:  
E1 Receive Overhead Output Interface Block  
E1 Receive HDLC Controller  
E1 Receive Serial Output Interface  
The extracted data link information is routed to the E1 Receive Overhead Output Interface and the E1 Receive  
Serial Output Interface no matter whether the E1 Receive HDLC Controller module is activated or not.  
Each of the eight framers within the XRT84L38 device contains an E1 Receive High-level Data Link Controller  
(HDLC) block. The function of this block is to establish a serial data link channel in E1 mode through the follow-  
ing:  
441  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
The National bits (Sa4 through Sa8) of Timeslot 0 of non-FAS frame  
Timeslot 16 octet when the framer is in Common Channel Signaling mode  
D or E signaling timeslot channel  
We will discuss how to configure XRT84L38 to transmit data link information through each of these data link  
channels in later sections.  
The E1 Transmit HDLC Controller block contains two major functional modules associated with E1 framing for-  
mats. They are the LAPD Controller and the Bit-Oriented Signaling Processor.  
There are two 96-byte receive message buffer in shared memory for each of the eight framers to receive data  
link information. When one message buffer is filled up, the E1 Receive HDLC Controller automatically switches  
to the next message buffer to store data link messages. These two message buffers ping-pong among each  
other for data link message storage.  
The Message Type bit of the Data Link Status Register (DLSR) determines which one of the three messages is  
received and processed by the Receive HDLC Controller block.  
The table below shows configuration of the Message Type bit of the Data Link Status Register (DLSR).  
DATA LINK STATUS REGISTER (DLSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XNAH, 0X06H)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7
Message Type  
RUR /  
WC  
0 - The Receive HDLC Controller receives and processes Bit-Oriented Sig-  
naling (BOS) message.  
1 - The Receive HDLC Controller receives and processes LAPD protocol  
or Message-Oriented Signaling (MOS) message.  
14.2.2 How to configure XRT84L38 to receive data link information through the National bits (Sa4  
through Sa8)  
As mentioned in previous section, the National bits (Sa4 through Sa8) of Timeslot 0 of non-FAS frame can be  
used to receive data link information in E1 mode.  
The XRT84L38 allows the user to decide on the following:  
Whether the National bits will be used to carry the data link information bits.  
How many of the National Bits will be used to carry the Data Link information bits.  
Which of these National Bits will be used to carry the Data Link information bits.  
The Receive Signaling and Data Link Control [2:0] bits of the Receive Signaling and Data Link Select Register  
(RSDLSR) determines if the National bits will be used to carry data link information. The table below shows  
configuration of the Receive Signaling and Data Link Control [2:0] bits of the Receive Signaling and Data Link  
Select Register (RSDLSR).  
RECEIVE SIGNALING AND DATA LINK SELECT REGISTER (RSDLSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H,  
0X0CH)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
2-0  
Receive Signaling  
and Data Link  
Select  
R/W  
000 - The data link interface is destination of the Sa4 through Sa8 Nation  
bits.  
001 - The data link interface is destination of the Sa4 through Sa8 Nation  
bits.  
010 - The Sa4 through Sa8 Nation bits are forced to 1.  
011 - The Sa4 through Sa8 Nation bits are forced to 1.  
1xx - The Sa4 through Sa8 Nation bits are forced to 1.  
442  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
If the Receive Signaling and Data Link Select [2:0] bits of the Receive Signaling and Data Link Select Register  
are set to 000 or 001, the data link interface becomes destination of the Sa4 through Sa8 National bits.  
The Receive Sa Data Link Select bits of the Receive Signaling and Data Link Select Register (RSDLSR) deter-  
mine which ones of the National bits are configured as Data Link bits in E1 framing format mode. Depending  
upon the configuration of the Receive Signaling and Data Link Select Register, either of the following cases  
may exists:  
None of the National bits are used to transport the Data Link information bits (That is, data link channel of  
XRT84L38 is inactive).  
Any combination of between 1 and all 5 of the National bits can be selected to transport the Data Link infor-  
mation bits.  
The table below shows configuration of the Receive Sa Data Link Select bits of the Receive Signaling and Data  
Link Select Register (RSDLSR).  
RECEIVE SIGNALING AND DATA LINK SELECT REGISTER (RSDLSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H,  
0X0CH)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
7
Receive Sa8 Data  
Link Select  
R/W  
0 - Destination of the Sa8 Nation bit is not the data link interface.  
1 - Destination of the Sa8 National bit is the data link interface.  
6
5
4
3
Receive Sa7 Data  
Link Select  
R/W  
R/W  
R/W  
R/W  
0 - Destination of the Sa7 Nation bit is not the data link interface.  
1 - Destination of the Sa7 National bit is the data link interface.  
Receive Sa6 Data  
Link Select  
0 - Destination of the Sa6 Nation bit is not the data link interface.  
1 - Destination of the Sa6 National bit is the data link interface.  
Receive Sa5 Data  
Link Select  
0 - Destination of the Sa5 Nation bit is not the data link interface.  
1 - Destination of the Sa5 National bit is the data link interface.  
Receive Sa4 Data  
Link Select  
0 - Destination of the Sa4 Nation bit is not the data link interface.  
1 - Destination of the Sa4 National bit is the data link interface.  
14.2.3 How to configure XRT84L38 to receive data link information through Timeslot 16 octet  
In E1 mode, Timeslot 16 octet can be configured to receive the following:  
Channel Associated Signaling (CAS) bits A, B, C and D  
Common Channel Signaling (CCS) bits  
The Common Channel Signaling (CCS) messages are actually data link information applicable to all thirty-two  
timeslots of an E1 frame, thus the name Common Channel Signaling. The Receive Signaling and Data Link  
Control [2:0] bits of the Receive Signaling and Data Link Select Register (RSDLSR) determine if Timeslot octet  
443  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
will be used to carry data link information or CAS signals. The table below shows configuration of the Receive  
Signaling and Data Link Control [2:0] bits of the Receive Signaling and Data Link Select Register (RSDLSR).  
RECEIVE SIGNALING AND DATA LINK SELECT REGISTER (RSDLSR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN0H,  
0X0CH)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
2-0  
Receive Signaling  
and Data Link  
Select  
R/W  
000 - Timeslot 16 octet is extracted directly to the Receive Serial Output  
Interface through the RxSer_n pin.  
001 - Timeslot 16 octet is extracted directly to the Receive Overhead Out-  
put Interface through the RxOH_n pin or the Receive Signaling Control  
Register of Timeslot 16.  
010 - Timeslot 16 octet is extracted directly to the Receive Serial Output  
Interface through the RxSer_n pin.  
011 - Timeslot 16 octet is extracted directly to the Receive Overhead Out-  
put Interface through the RxOH_n pin or the Receive Signaling Control  
Register of Timeslot 16.  
1xx - Timeslot 16 octet is extracted to the data link interface.  
If the Receive Signaling and Data Link Select [2:0] bits of the Receive Signaling and Data Link Select Register  
are set to 1xx, the data link interface becomes destination of the Timeslot 16 octet.  
14.2.4 How to configure XRT84L38 to receive data link information through D or E Channels  
The XRT84L38 can configure any one or ones of the thirty-two E1 channels to be D or E channels except for  
Channel number 0. D channel is used primarily for data link applications. E channel is used primarily for signal-  
ing for circuit switching with multiple access configurations.  
The Receive Conditioning Select [3:0] bits of the Receive Channel Control Register (RCCR) of each channel  
determine whether that particular channel is configured as D or E channel. These bits also determine what  
type of data or signaling conditioning is applied to each channel.  
RECEIVE CHANNEL CONTROL REGISTER (RCCR) (INDIRECT ADDRESS = 0XN2H, 0X60H - 0X7FH)  
BIT  
NUMBER  
BIT NAME  
BIT TYPE  
BIT DESCRIPTION  
3-0  
Receive Condition-  
ing Select  
R/W  
1111 - This channel is configured as D or E timeslot.  
If the Receive Conditioning Select [3:0] bits of the Receive Channel Control Register of a particular timeslot are  
set to 1111, that timeslot is configured as a D or E timeslot.  
NOTE: Timeslot 0 can never be configured as D or E timeslot.  
14.2.5 Receive BOS (Bit Oriented Signaling) Processor  
The Receive BOS Processor handles receiving and processing of BOS messages through the E1 data link  
channel. It generates Receive End of Transfer (RxEOT) interrupt each time a BOS message is received and  
stores the BOS message into the receive message buffer. Please see Section ? for how to configure the BOS  
Processor Block to receive BOS message.  
14.2.6 Receive LAPD Controller  
The receive LAPD controller implements the Message-Oriented protocol based on ITU Recommendation  
Q.921 Link Access Procedures on the D-channel (LAPD) type of protocol. It provides the following functions:  
Zero deletion  
Pattern recognition for IDLE flag detection  
Pattern recognition for ABORT sequence detection  
444  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
Frame check sequence verification  
T1 receiver interface  
Receive data link message buffer access  
Two 96-byte buffers in shared memory are allocated for receive LAPD Controller to reduce the frequency of mi-  
croprocessor interrupts and alleviate the response time requirement for microprocessor to handle each inter-  
rupt. There are no restrictions on the length of the message received. However, the 96-byte buffer is deep  
enough to hold one entire LAPD path or test signal identification message.  
Please see Section ? for how to configure the receive LAPD Controller to receive and extract MOS messages.  
445  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
15.0 TRANSMIT LIU INTERFACE  
The purpose of the Transmit LIU Interface is to take the outbound frame data from the Transmit Framer block  
and to do the following:  
To encode the outbound frame data into any one of the following formats  
Single-Rail (e.g., a binary data stream)  
Dual-Rail, AMI Line Code  
Dual Rail, HDB3 Line Code  
To output this encoded data to an LIU device via the TxPOS, TxNEG and TxLineClk output pins.  
16.0 RECEIVE LIU INTERFACE  
The purpose of the Receive LIU Interface is to receive either single-rail or dual-rail data from an LIU IC and to  
do the following:  
Decode this incoming data from the single-rail, AMI or HDB3 line code and convert it into a binary data  
stream  
Route this binary data stream to the Receive Framer Block  
Detect and Declare the Loss of Signal Condition.  
446  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV. 1.0.0  
áç  
ORDERING INFORMATION  
PART NUMBER  
PACKAGE  
OPERATING TEMPERATURE RANGE  
-400C to +850C  
XRT84L38  
388 Pin Plastic Ball Grid Array  
PACKAGE DIMENSIONS  
388 Pin Plastic Ball Grid Array  
(35 x 35 mm PBGA)  
Rev. 1.0 (Bottom View)  
26  
24  
22  
20  
18  
16  
14  
12  
10  
8
6
4
2
Chamfer  
Optional  
25  
23  
21  
19  
17  
15  
13  
11  
9
7
5
3
1
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
J
b
K
L
M
N
P
D
D1  
R
T
U
V
W
Y
e
AA  
AB  
AC  
AD  
AE  
AF  
mp  
e
D1  
D
D2  
C
b
A2  
A
A1  
Inches  
Millimeters  
Symbol  
MIN  
MAX  
MIN  
MAX  
A
A1  
A2  
b
0.075  
0.020  
0.039  
0.024  
0.016  
1.370  
0.106  
0.028  
0.051  
0.035  
0.028  
1.386  
1.90  
0.50  
1.00  
0.60  
0.40  
34.80  
2.70  
0.70  
1.30  
0.90  
0.70  
35.20  
C
D
D1  
D2  
e
1.250BSC  
1.177 1.185  
0.050BSC  
31.75BSC  
29.90  
30.10  
1.27BSC  
Note: The control dimension is the millimeter column  
447  
áç  
XRT84L38  
OCTAL T1/E1/J1 FRAMER  
REV.1.0.0  
REVISIONS  
Rev. 1.0.0 - February 2004 - Release to Production  
NOTICE  
EXAR Corporation reserves the right to make changes to the products contained in this publication in order  
to improve design, performance or reliability. EXAR Corporation assumes no responsibility for the use of  
any circuits described herein, conveys no license under any patent or other right, and makes no represen-  
tation that the circuits are free of patent infringement. Charts and schedules contained here in are only for  
illustration purposes and may vary depending upon a user’s specific application. While the information in  
this publication has been carefully checked; no responsibility, however, is assumed for inaccuracies.  
EXAR Corporation does not recommend the use of any of its products in life support applications where  
the failure or malfunction of the product can reasonably be expected to cause failure of the life support sys-  
tem or to significantly affect its safety or effectiveness. Products are not authorized for use in such applica-  
tions unless EXAR Corporation receives, in writing, assurances to its satisfaction that: (a) the risk of injury  
or damage has been minimized; (b) the user assumes all such risks; (c) potential liability of EXAR Corpo-  
ration is adequately protected under the circumstances.  
Copyright 2004 EXAR Corporation  
Datasheet February 2004.  
Reproduction, in part or whole, without the prior written consent of EXAR Corporation is prohibited.  
448  

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