LTC3219EUD#PBF [Linear]
LTC3219 - 250mA Universal Nine Channel LED Driver; Package: QFN; Pins: 20; Temperature Range: -40°C to 85°C;
| 型号： | LTC3219EUD#PBF |
| 厂家： | 
Linear |
| 描述： | LTC3219 - 250mA Universal Nine Channel LED Driver; Package: QFN; Pins: 20; Temperature Range: -40°C to 85°C 驱动 接口集成电路 |
| 文件： | 总20页 (文件大小：207K) |
| 中文： | 中文翻译 | 下载： | 下载PDF数据表文档文件 |
LTC3219
250mA Universal
Nine Channel LED Driver
FEATURES
DESCRIPTION
The LTC®3219 is a highly integrated multidisplay LED
driver. The device contains a high efficiency, low noise
charge pump to provide power to nine universal LED
current sources. The LTC3219 requires only five small
ceramic capacitors to form a complete LED power supply
and current controller.
■
Multimode Charge Pump Provides Up to 91%
Efficiency
■
Slew Limited Switching Reduces Conducted and
Radiated Noise (EMI)
Up to 250mA Total Output Current
■
■
Nine 28mA Universal Current Sources with 64-Step
Linear Brightness Control
The maximum display currents are set by an internal pre-
cision current reference. Independent dimming, On/Off,
blinking and gradation control for all current sources is
■
Independent On/Off, Brightness Level, Blinking and
Gradation Control for Each Current Source Using
TM
2
2-Wire I C Interface
2
achieved via the I C serial interface. 6-bit linear DACs are
■
Internal Current Reference
available for adjusting brightness levels for each universal
LED current source.
■
Configurable ENU Pin for Asynchronous LED On/Off
Control
■
The LTC3219 charge pump optimizes efficiency based on
the voltage across the LED current sources. The device
powers up in 1x mode and will automatically switch to
boost mode whenever any enabled LED current source
begins to enter dropout. The first dropout switches the
IC into 1.5x mode and a subsequent dropout switches
the LTC3219 into 2x mode. The part resets to 1x mode
whenever a data register is updated via the I C port.
, LT, LTC and LTM are registered trademarks of Linear Technology Corporation.
All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners.
*Protected by U.S. Patents, including 6411531.
Low Noise Charge Pump Operates in 1x, 1.5x or 2x
Mode for Optimal Efficiency*
■
Automatic or Forced Mode Switching
■
Internal Soft-Start Limits Inrush Current
■
Short-Circuit/Thermal Protection
■
3mm × 3mm 20-Lead QFN Plastic Package
2
APPLICATIONS
■
Video Phones with QVGA+ Displays
TYPICAL APPLICATION
4-LED Main, 2-LED Sub and RGB
C2
1μF
C3
1μF
MAIN
SUB
RGB
C1P C1M C2P C2M
CPO
V
V
BAT
BAT
C1
C4
2.2μF
2.2μF
LTC3219
2
9
2
ULED1-9
SCL/SDA
I C
DV
3219 TA01a
DV
CC
CC
0.1μF
ENU
GND
ENABLE DISABLE
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1
LTC3219
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
PIN CONFIGURATION
(Notes 1, 4)
V
, DV , CPO........................................... –0.3V to 6V
TOP VIEW
BAT
CC
ULED1-ULED9 ............................................. –0.3V to 6V
SDA, SCL, ENU ...........................–0.3V to (DV + 0.3V)
CPO
CPO Short-Circuit Duration.............................. Indefinite
Operating Temperature Range (Note 3).... –40°C to 85°C
Storage Temperature Range................... –65°C to 125°C
20 19 18 17 16
CC
GND
15
14
13
12
11
CPO
ULED1
ULED2
ULED3
ULED4
1
2
3
4
5
I
(Note 2) .......................................................250mA
ULED9
ULED8
ULED7
ULED6
21
8
6
7
9 10
UD PACKAGE
20-LEAD (3mm s 3mm) PLASTIC QFN
= 125°C, θ = 68°C/W
T
JMAX
JA
EXPOSED PAD (PIN 21) IS GND, MUST BE SOLDERED TO PCB
ORDER INFORMATION
LEAD FREE FINISH
TAPE AND REEL
PART MARKING
PACKAGE DESCRIPTION
20-Lead (3mm × 3mm) Plastic QFN
TEMPERATURE RANGE
–40°C to 85°C
LTC3219EUD#PBF
LTC3219EUD#TRPBF
LCJV
Consult LTC Marketing for parts specified with wider operating temperature ranges.
Consult LTC Marketing for information on non-standard lead based finish parts.
For more information on lead free part marking, go to: http://www.linear.com/leadfree/
For more information on tape and reel specifications, go to: http://www.linear.com/tapeandreel/
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS The ● denotes the specifications which apply over the full operating
temperature range, otherwise specifications are at TA = 25°C. VBAT = 3.6V, DVCC = 3V, ENU = Hi, C1/C4 = 2.2μF, C2, C3 = 1μF, unless
otherwise noted.
PARAMETER
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
●
V
Operating Voltage
Operating Current
2.9
5.5
V
BAT
I
I
I
I
= 0, 1x Mode
= 0, 1.5x Mode
= 0, 2x Mode
0.4
1.7
2.1
mA
mA
mA
VBAT
CPO
CPO
CPO
V
UVLO Threshold
1.5
V
BAT
●
DV Operating Voltage
1.5
25
5.5
V
CC
DV UVLO Threshold
CC
1
V
V
BAT
Shutdown Current
3.2
μA
μA
●
●
DV Shutdown Current
CC
1
Universal LED Current, 6-Bit Linear DACs, ULED = 1V
Full-Scale LED Current
28
0.51
2
31
mA
mA
%
Minimum LED Current
LED Current Matching
Blink Rate Period
Data Code = 1
Any Two Outputs
REG 11, D3 and D4
1.25
2.5
s
s
ULED Up/Down Gradation Ramp Times
REG11, D1 and D2
0.24
0.48
0.96
s
s
s
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2
LTC3219
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS The ● denotes the specifications which apply over the full operating
temperature range, otherwise specifications are at TA = 25°C. VBAT = 3.6V, DVCC = 3V, ENU = Hi, C1/C4 = 2.2μF, C2, C3 = 1μF, unless
otherwise noted.
PARAMETER
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
Gradation Period
REG11, D1 and D2
0.325
s
s
s
s
s
s
●
●
●
0.45
0.9
0.65
1.30
1.8
V
General Purpose Output Mode (GPO)
I
= 1mA, Single Output Enabled
10
mV
OL
OUT
Charge Pump (CPO)
1x Mode Output Impedance
1.5x Mode Output Impedance
2x Mode Output Impedance
CPO Regulation Voltage
1
Ω
Ω
Ω
V
V
= 3V, V
= 3V, V
= 4.2V (Notes 5, 7)
= 4.8V (Notes 5, 7)
= 20mA
5.2
6.2
BAT
CPO
CPO
BAT
1.5x Mode, I
2x Mode, I
4.53
5.04
V
V
CPO
= 20mA
CPO
●
Clock Frequency
0.65
0.85
1.05
MHz
SDA, SCL, ENU
●
●
●
●
●
V
V
0.3 • DV
V
V
IL
CC
0.7V • DV
IH
CC
I
IH
I
IL
SDA, SCL, ENU = DV
SDA, SCL, ENU = 0V
–1
–1
1
1
μA
μA
V
CC
V
, Digital Output Low (SDA)
I
= 3mA
0.12
0.4
OL
PULLUP
Serial Port Timing (Notes 6, 7)
t
t
t
t
t
t
t
t
t
t
t
t
t
Clock Operating Frequency
Bus Free Time Between Stop and Start Condition
Hold Time After (Repeated) Start Condition
Repeated Start Condition Setup Time
Stop Condition Setup Time
Data Hold Time
400
kHz
μs
μs
μs
μs
ns
ns
ns
μs
μs
ns
ns
ns
SCL
1.3
0.6
0.6
0.6
0
BUF
HD,STA
SU,STA
SU,STO
HD,DAT(OUT)
HD,DAT(IN)
SU,DAT
LOW
900
Input Data Hold Time
0
Data Setup Time
100
1.3
0.6
20
20
50
Clock Low Period
Clock High Period
HIGH
Clock Data Fall Time
300
300
f
Clock Data Rise Time
r
Spike Suppression Time
SP
Note 4: This IC includes overtemperature protection that is intended
Note 1: Stresses beyond those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings
may cause permanent damage to the device. Exposure to any Absolute
Maximum Rating condition for extended periods may affect device
reliability and lifetime.
to protect the device during momentary overload conditions. Junction
temperature will exceed 125°C when overtemperature protection is active.
Continuous operation above the specified maximum operating junction
temperature may result in device degradation or failure.
Note 2: Based on long-term current density limitations.
Note 5: 1.5x mode output impedance is defined as (1.5V – V )/I
.
BAT
CPO OUT
Note 3: The LTC3219 is guaranteed to meet performance specifications
from 0°C to 85°C. Specifications over the –40°C to 85°C operating
temperature range are assured by design, characterization and correlation
with statistical process controls.
2x mode output impedance is defined as (2V – V )/I
.
BAT
CPO OUT
Note 6: All values are referenced to V and V levels.
IH
IL
Note 7: Guaranteed by design.
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LTC3219
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS TA = 25°C unless otherwise noted.
Mode Switch Dropout Times
1.5x Mode CPO Ripple
2x Mode CPO Ripple
V
CPO
C
= 3.6V
= 100mA
= 2.2μF
BAT
V
= 3.6V
V
CPO
C
= 3.6V
= 100mA
= 2.2μF
BAT
BAT
I
I
CPO
CPO
V
CPO
20mV/DIV
V
CPO
2x
V
CPO
1.5x
AC COUPLED
20mV/DIV
1V/DIV
AC COUPLED
1x
3219 G02
500ns/DIV
3219 G01
3219 G03
200μs/DIV
500ns/DIV
1.5x Mode Charge Pump Open-Loop
Output Resistance vs Temperature
(1.5VBAT – VCPO)/ICPO
1x Mode Switch Resistance vs
Temperature
1.5x Mode CPO Voltage
vs ICPO
1.20
1.15
1.10
1.05
1.00
0.95
0.90
0.85
0.80
0.75
0.70
6.50
6.25
6.00
5.75
5.50
5.25
5.00
4.75
4.50
4.25
4.00
4.8
4.6
I
= 100mA
CPO
V
V
= 3V
= 4.2V
C4 = 2.2μF
C2 = C3 = 1μF
BAT
CPO
C2 = C3 = 1μF
C4 = 2.2μF
V
= 3.3V
BAT
V
= 3.6V
BAT
V
= 3.6V
4.4
4.2
BAT
V
= 3.9V
BAT
3.5V
3.4V
4.0
3.8
3.6
3.3V
3.2V
3.1V
3.0V
–40
–15
10
35
60
85
–40
–15
10
35
60
85
0
50
100
150
(mA)
200
250
TEMPERATURE (°C)
TEMPERATURE (°C)
I
CPO
3219 G04
3219 G05
3219 G06
2x Mode Charge Pump Open-Loop
Output Resistance vs Temperature
(2VBAT – VCPO)/ICPO
2x Mode CPO Voltage
vs ICPO
Oscillator Frequency
vs VBAT Voltage
7.50
7.25
7.00
6.75
6.50
6.25
6.00
5.75
5.50
5.25
5.00
5.2
5.1
5.0
4.9
4.8
4.7
4.6
4.5
4.4
4.3
4.2
V
V
= 3V
= 4.8V
875
BAT
CPO
C4 = 2.2μF
C2 = C3 = 1μF
C2 = C3 = 1μF
C4 = 2.2μF
V
= 3.6V
BAT
850
825
800
T
= –40°C
A
3.5V
3.4V
3.3V
3.2V
3.1V
3.0V
T
= 25°C
A
T
= 85°C
A
775
–40
–15
10
35
60
85
0
50
150
(mA)
200
250
300
100
2.7 3.1
3.5 3.9 4.3 4.7 5.1 5.5
VOLTAGE (V)
TEMPERATURE (°C)
I
CPO
V
BAT
3219 G07
3219 G08
3219 G09
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4
LTC3219
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS TA = 25°C unless otherwise noted.
VBAT Shutdown Current
vs VBAT Voltage
1x Mode No Load VBAT Current vs
VBAT Voltage
425
420
415
410
405
400
395
390
385
380
375
7.5
6.5
5.5
4.5
3.5
2.5
1.5
T
= –40°C
A
T
= 25°C
A
T
= 85°C
A
2.7 3.0 3.3 3.6 3.9 4.2 4.5 4.8 5.1 5.4
2.9
3.3
3.7
4.1
4.5
4.9
5.3
V
VOLTAGE (V)
V
VOLTAGE (V)
BAT
BAT
3219 G11
3219 G10
1.5x Mode VBAT Current vs ICPO
(IVBAT – 1.5ICPO
2x Mode VBAT Current vs ICPO
(IVBAT – 2ICPO
ULED Pin Current
vs ULED Pin Voltage
)
)
10
8
10
8
V
= 3.6V
35
30
BAT
V
= 3.6V
BAT
25
6
6
20
15
10
5
4
4
2
0
2
0
0
0
100
150
(mA)
200
250
300
50
0
100
150
(mA)
200
250
300
50
0
0.18
ULED PIN VOLTAGE (V)
0.24
0.30
0.06
0.12
I
I
CPO
CPO
3219 G12
3219 G13
3219 G14
ULED Pin Dropout Voltage
vs ULED Pin Current
9-LED ULED Display Efficiency vs
VBAT Voltage
ULED Pin Current vs Input Code
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
30
25
20
15
10
5
20O
160
120
80
V
= 3.6V
BAT
9 LEDs AT 15mA/LED
(TYP V AT 15mA = 3.2V
F
40
NICHIA NSCW100)
T
= 25°C
A
0
0
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
1
0A
13
1C
25
2E
37
3F
0
4
8
12
16
20
24
28
V
VOLTAGE (V)
INPUT CODE (HEX)
BAT
ULED PIN CURRENT (mA)
3219 G17
3219 G15
3219 G16
3219fa
5
LTC3219
PIN FUNCTIONS
CPO (Pin 1): Output of the Charge Pump Used to Power
all LEDs. A 2.2μF X5R or X7R ceramic capacitor should
be connected to ground.
ENU (Pin 10): Input. Used to enable or disable the pre-
selected ULED outputs. When the pin is toggled from
low (disable) to high (enable), the LTC3219 illuminates
the pre-selected LEDs. When ENU is controlling selected
outputs and other outputs have been enabled, the charge
pump mode will be reset to 1x on the falling edge of ENU.
When ENU is controlling selected outputs and no other
outputs are active, the part will go from enabled to shut-
ULED1-ULED9(Pins2to6,Pins11to14):CurrentSource
OutputsforDrivingLEDs. TheLEDcurrentcanbesetfrom
0mA to 28mA in 64 steps via software control and internal
6-bitlinearDAC.Eachoutputcanbedisabledbysettingthe
associated data register REG1-REG9 to 0. ULED1-ULED9
down. The ENU logic level is referenced to DV . This pin
2
CC
can also be used as I C controlled open-drain outputs.
is connected to ground if unused.
Connect unused outputs to ground.
GND (Pin 15, 21): System Ground. Connect Pin 15 and
the Exposed Pad (Pin 21) to the ground plane.
DV (Pin 7): Supply Voltage for All Digital I/O Lines. This
CC
pin sets the logic reference level of the LTC3219. DV will
CC
reset the data registers when set below the undervoltage
lockout threshold, which is the recommended method
for resetting the part after power-up. A 0.1μF X5R or X7R
ceramic capacitor should be connected to ground.
C1P, C2P, C1M, C2M (Pins 20, 19, 17, 16): Charge Pump
Flying Capacitor Pins. A 1μF X7R or X5R ceramic capaci-
tor should be connected from C1P to C1M and C2P to
C2M.
2
SCL (Pin 8): I C Clock Input. The logic level for SCL is
V
(Pin 18): Supply Voltage for the Entire Device. This
BAT
referenced to DV .
pin should be bypassed with a single 2.2μF low ESR
CC
ceramic capacitor.
SDA (Pin 9): Input Data for the Serial Port. Serial data is
shifted in one bit per clock to control the LTC3219. The
logic level is referenced to DV .
CC
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6
LTC3219
BLOCK DIAGRAM
20
C1P
17
C1M
19
C2P
16
C2M
GND
CPO
15
850kHz
OSCILLATOR
CHARGE PUMP
1
V
BAT
18
–
+
U1
U2
U3
U4
U5
U6
U7
U8
U9
2
3
+
–
4
5
6
9
9 UNIVERSAL
CURRENT SOURCES
AND DACS
11
12
13
14
1.22V
DV
CC
7
ENU
CONTROL
LOGIC
10
MASTER/SLAVE
REG
SDA
SCL
9
8
SHIFT REGISTER
3219 BD
3219fa
7
LTC3219
OPERATION
Power Management
Charge Pump Strength
The LTC3219 uses a switched capacitor charge pump to
boost CPO to as much as 2 times the input voltage up to
WhentheLTC3219operatesineither1.5xmodeor2xmode,
thechargepumpcanbemodeledasaThevenin-equivalent
circuit to determine the amount of current available from
the effective input voltage and effective open-loop output
5.04V. The part starts up in 1x mode. In this mode V is
BAT
connected directly to CPO. This mode provides maximum
efficiencyandminimumnoise. TheLTC3219willremainin
1x mode until an LED current source drops out. Dropout
occurs when a current source voltage becomes too low
for the programmed current to be supplied. When drop-
out is detected, the LTC3219 will switch into 1.5x mode.
The CPO voltage will then start to increase and attempt
resistance, R (Figure 1).
OL
R
OL
+
+
1.5V
OR 2V
CPO
BAT
BAT
–
–
to reach 1.5x V , up to 4.53V. Any subsequent dropout
BAT
3219 F01
will cause the part to enter the 2x mode. The CPO voltage
will attempt to reach 2x V , up to 5.04V.
Figure 1. Equivalent Open-Loop
BAT
A 2-phase non-overlapping clock activates the charge
pump switches. In the 2x mode, the flying capacitors are
R
is dependent on a number of factors including the
OL
switchingterm,1/(2f •C ),internalswitchresistances
OSC FLY
charged on alternate clock phases from V to minimize
BAT
and the non-overlap period of the switching circuit. How-
CPO voltage ripple. In 1.5x mode, the flying capacitors are
ever, for a given R , the amount of current available is
OL
charged in series during the first clock phase and stacked
directly proportional to the advantage voltage of 1.5V
BAT
inparallelonV duringthesecondphase.Thissequence
BAT
– CPO for 1.5x mode and 2V – CPO for 2x mode. Con-
BAT
ofcharginganddischargingtheflyingcapacitorscontinues
sider the example of driving LEDs from a 3.1V supply. If
the LED forward voltage is 3.8V and the current sources
require 100mV, the advantage voltage for 1.5x mode is
3.1V •1.5 – 3.8V – 0.1V or 750mV. Notice that if the input
voltage is raised to 3.2V, the advantage voltage jumps to
900mV, a 20% improvement in available strength.
at a constant frequency of 850kHz.
The current delivered by each LED current source is con-
trolled by an associated DAC. Each DAC is programmed
2
via the I C port.
Soft-Start
From Figure 1, for 1.5x mode the available current is
given by:
Initially, when the part is in shutdown, a weak switch
connects V to CPO. This allows V to slowly charge
BAT
BAT
1.5VBAT – VCPO
the CPO output capacitor and to prevent large charging
IOUT
=
(1)
ROL
currents from occurring.
The LTC3219 also employs a soft-start feature on its
charge pump to prevent excessive inrush current and
supplydroopwhenswitchingintothestep-upmodes. The
current available to the CPO pin is increased linearly over
a typical period of 125μs. Soft-start occurs at the start of
both 1.5x and 2x mode changes.
For 2x mode, the available current is given by:
2VBAT – VCPO
IOUT
=
(2)
ROL
Notice that the advantage voltage in this case is 3.1V •
2 – 3.8V – 0.1V = 2.3V. R is higher in 2x mode but a sig-
OL
nificant overall increase in available current is achieved.
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8
LTC3219
OPERATION
Mode Switching
Blinking
Each universal output (ULED1 to ULED9) can be set to
blink on for 0.156s or 0.625s with a period of 1.25s or
TheLTC3219willautomaticallyswitchfrom1xmodeto1.5x
mode and subsequently to 2x mode whenever a dropout
condition is detected at an LED pin. Dropout occurs when
an active current source voltage becomes too low for the
programmedcurrenttobesupplied.Themodechangewill
not occur unless dropout has existed for approximately
400μs. This delay will allow the LEDs to warm up and
achieve the final LED forward voltage value.
2
2.5s via the I C port. The blinking rate is selected via
REG11 and ULED outputs are selected via REG1 to REG9.
Blinking and gradation rates are independent. Blink resets
the charge pump to 1x mode after each period. Please
refer to Application Note 111 for detailed information and
programming examples on blinking.
The mode will automatically switch back to 1x whenever
Gradation
2
a register is updated via the I C port, when gradation
Universal LED outputs ULED1 to ULED9 can be set to have
the current ramp up and down at 0.24s, 0.48s and 0.96s
completes ramping down, on the falling edge of ENU, and
after each blink period.
2
ratesviatheI Cport. Eachoftheseoutputscanhaveeither
The part can be forced to operate in 1x, 1.5x or 2x mode
bywritingtheappropriatebitsintoREG0. Thisfeaturemay
be used for powering loads from CPO. Automatic mode
switching is diabled.
blinking or gradation enabled. The gradation time is set
via REG11 and ULED outputs are selected via REG1 to
REG9. The ramp direction is controlled via REG0. Setting
the UP bit high causes gradation to ramp up, setting this
bit to a low causes gradation to ramp down.
Non-programmed current sources do not affect dropout.
In addition, ENU controlled current sources do not affect
dropout when ENU is low.
When gradation is disabled the LED output current re-
mains at the programmed value. The gradation enable
bit must be cleared when the gradation timer is disabled.
The charge pump mode is reset to 1x after gradation
completes ramping down.
Universal Current Sources (ULED1 to ULED9)
There are nine universal 28mA current sources. Each cur-
rent source has a 6-bit linear DAC for current control. The
output current range is 0 to full-scale in 64 steps.
Please refer to Application Note 111 for detailed informa-
tion and examples on programming gradation.
Each current source is disabled when an all zero data word
is written. The supply current for that source is reduced
to zero. Connect unused outputs to ground.
External Enable Control (ENU)
The ENU pin can be used to enable or disable the LTC3219
2
without re-accessing the I C port. This might be useful
ULED1 to ULED9 can also be used as general purpose
2
to indicate an incoming phone call without waking the
micro-controller. ENU can be programmed to indepen-
dently control all pre-selected displays. LED displays are
controlled with ENU by setting the appropriate data bits in
REG1 to REG9 and control bits in REG10 and REG11.
outputs(GPO). GPOoutputscanbeusedasI Ccontrolled
open-draindrivers.TheGPOmodeisselectedbyprogram-
ming REG1 to REG9, Bit 6 and Bit 7 to a logic one. In the
GPO mode dropout detection is disabled, output swings
to ground will not cause mode switching.
3219fa
9
LTC3219
OPERATION
2
To use the ENU pin, the I C port must first be configured
to select the desired LED outputs. When ENU is high, the
selected displays will be enabled as per the REG10 and
REG11 settings. When ENU is Low the selected displays
will be off. If no other displays are programmed to be
enabled, the chip will be in shutdown.
in shutdown. Internal logic ensures that the LTC3219 is
in shutdown when DV is low. Note, however that all of
CC
the logic signals that are referenced to DV (SCL, SDA,
CC
ENU) will need to be at DV or below (i.e., ground) to
CC
avoid violation of the absolute maximum specifications
on these pins.
Gradation can also be pre-programmed for control by
the ENU pin. The registers are written as required per
the gradation description and the UP bit is ignored. The
registers are programmed when ENU is low. When ENU is
sethigh,thepartwillbecomeenabledandtheselectedLED
outputs will ramp up. When ENU is set low the selected
LED outputs will ramp low to zero current and then the
part will shut down. The charge pump must not be in a
forced mode if shutdown is required.
EMI Reduction
The flying capacitor pins C1M, C1P, C2M and C2P have
controlled slew rates to reduce conducted and radiated
noise.
Serial Port
2
ThemicrocontrollercompatibleI Cserialportprovidesall
of the command and control inputs for the LTC3219. Data
on the SDA input is loaded on the rising edge of SCL. D7
is loaded first and D0 last. There are 12 data registers, one
address register and one sub-address register. Once all
address bits have been clocked into the address register
acknowledge occurs. The sub-address register is then
written followed by writing the data register. Each data
registerhasasub-address.Afterthedataregisterhasbeen
written a load pulse is created after the stop bit. The load
pulse transfers all of the data held in the data registers
to the DAC registers. The stop bit can be delayed until
all of the data master registers have been written. At this
point the LED current will be changed to the new settings.
The serial port uses static logic registers so there is no
minimum speed at which it can be operated.
If the ENU pin is not used, it is connected to ground. If
ENU is used and other ULED outputs are active then ENU
will reset the charge pump mode to 1x on the falling edge.
Please refer to Application Note 111 for detailed informa-
tion and examples on programming ENU control.
Shutdown Current
Shutdownoccurswhenallthecurrentsourcedatabitshave
been written to zero, DV is set below the undervoltage
CC
lockoutvoltageorwhenENUswitcheslow(allotheroutputs
disabled). The charge pump must also be in auto mode.
Although the LTC3219 is designed to have very low shut-
down current, it will draw about 3.2μA from V
when
BAT
3219fa
10
LTC3219
OPERATION
2
I C Interface
The LTC3219 is a receive-only (slave) device.
The LTC3219 communicates with a host (master) using
Write Word Protocol Used by the LTC3219
2
the standard I C 2-wire interface. The Timing Diagram
1
7
1
1
8
1
8
1
1
(Figure 2) shows the timing relationship of the signals on
the bus. The two bus lines, SDA and SCL, must be high
when the bus is not in use. External pull-up resistors or
current sources, such as the LTC1694 SMBus accelerator,
are required on these lines.
S
Slave Address Wr
A
*Sub-Address
A
Data Byte
A
P**
S = Start Condition, Wr = Write Bit = 0, A = Acknowledge,
P = Stop Condition
*The sub-address uses only the first four bits, D0, D1, D2 and D3
**Stop can be delayed until all of the data registers have been written
SUB-ADDRESS
DATA BYTE
ADDRESS
WR
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
S7
S6
S5
S4
S3
S2
S1
S0
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
START
STOP
SDA
SCL
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
0
8
ACK
9
S7
1
S6
2
S5
3
S4
4
S3
5
S2
6
S1
7
S0 ACK
ACK
9
7
1
6
2
5
3
4
4
3
5
2
6
1
7
0
8
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
3219 FO2
Figure 2. Bit Assignments
SDA
t
t
BUF
t
SU, DAT
SU, STA
t
t
t
t
LOW
HD, STA
SU, STO
HD, DAT
3219 F03
SCL
t
t
t
SP
HD, STA
HIGH
START
CONDITION
REPEATED START
CONDITION
STOP
CONDITION
START
CONDITION
t
t
f
r
Figure 3. Timing Parameters
3219fa
11
LTC3219
OPERATION
Sub-Address Byte
MSB
LSB
0
7
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
6
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
5
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
4
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
2
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
Register
REG0
REG1
REG2
REG3
REG4
REG5
REG6
REG7
REG8
REG9
REG10
REG11
Function
COMMAND
ULED1
ULED2
ULED3
ULED4
ULED5
ULED6
ULED7
ULED8
ULED9
ENU
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
B/G/ENU
REG0, Command Byte, Sub-Address = 0000
MSB
LSB
D0
D7
D6
D5
D4
Reserved
D3
D2
Force1p5
D1
Unused
Reserved
Reserved
Force2x
Quick Write
UP
UP
0
1
Gradation counts down
Gradation counts up
Quick Write
Force1p5
Force2x
0
1
Normal write to each register
Quick write, REG1 data is written to all nine universal registers
1
0
Forces charge pump into 1.5x mode
Enables mode logic to control mode charges based on dropout signal
1
0
Forces charge pump into 2x mode
Enables mode logic to control mode changes based on dropout signal
Force1x
D2 (Force1p5x) = 1
Forces Charge Pump Into 1x Mode
D3 (Force2x) = 1
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
Unused
X
X
X
X
Note: X = Don't Care
3219fa
12
LTC3219
OPERATION
Data Bytes
REG1 to REG9, Universal LED 6-bit linear DAC data with
blink/gradation.
Sub-Address 0001 TO 1001 per Sub-Address Table Above
ULED Mode Enable Bits
MSB
LED Current Data
LSB
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
Normal
Blink Enabled
Gradation Enabled
GPO Mode
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
D5
D5
D5
D5
D4
D4
D4
D4
D3
D3
D3
D3
D2
D2
D2
D2
D1
D1
D1
D1
D0
D0
D0
D0
(Gradation/Blink/Dropout Off)
REG10, ENU
Setting bits D0 to D7 high selects the ULED outputs to be
controlled by ENU.
Register Sub-Address = 1010
MSB
LSB
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
ULED4
Bit 2
Bit 1
ULED2
Bit 0
ULED8
ULED7
ULED6
ULED5
ULED3
ULED1
REG11, Gradation and Blink Times
Setting bit D0 high selects ULED9 to be controlled by ENU,
Bits D1 to D4 control gradation and blink times.
The gradation ramp time is the time that the current ramps.
The gradation period is the total time that is required to start
and end a gradation timer.
Sub-Address = 1011
Blink Times and Period
Gradation Ramp Times and Period
ENU Select
D0
D4
D3
On-Time
Period
D2
D1
Ramp Time
Period
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0.625s
0.156s
0.625s
0.156s
1.25s
1.25s
2.5s
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
Disabled
0.24s
Disabled
0.325s
0.65s
ULED9
0.48s
2.5s
0.96s
1.30s
3219fa
13
LTC3219
OPERATION
Bus Speed
to recognize the address since it is a write only device.
This effectively forces the address to be eight bits long
where the least significant bit of the address is 0. If the
correct seven bit address is given but the R/W bit is 1,
the LTC3219 will not respond.
2
The I C port is designed to be operated at speeds of up
to 400kHz. It has built-in timing delays to ensure correct
2
operation when addressed from an I C compliant master
device. It also contains input filters designed to suppress
glitches should the bus become corrupted.
Bus Write Operation
Start and Stop Conditions
The master initiates communication with the LTC3219
with a START condition and a 7-bit address followed
by the Write Bit R/W = 0. If the address matches that
of the LTC3219, the LTC3219 returns an Acknowledge.
The master should then deliver the most significant
sub-address byte for the data register to be written.
Again the LTC3219 acknowledges and then the data is
delivered starting with the most significant bit. This cycle
is repeated until all of the required data registers have
been written. Any number of data latches can be written.
Each data byte is transferred to an internal holding latch
upon the return of an Acknowledge. After all data bytes
have been transferred to the LTC3219, the master may
terminate the communication with a Stop condition.
Alternatively, a Repeat-Start condition can be initiated
A bus-master signals the beginning of a communication
to a slave device by transmitting a Start condition.
A Start condition is generated by transitioning SDA from
high to low while SCL is high. When the master has
finished communicating with the slave, it issues a Stop
condition by transitioning SDA from low to high while
SCL is high. The bus is then free for communication with
2
another I C device.
Byte Format
Each byte sent to the LTC3219 must be eight bits long
followed by an extra clock cycle for the Acknowledge bit
to be returned by the LTC3219. The data should be sent
to the LTC3219 most significant bit (MSB) first.
2
by the master and another chip on the I C bus can be
addressed. This cycle can continue indefinitely and the
LTC3219 will remember the last input of valid data that it
received. Once all chips on the bus have been addressed
and sent valid data, a global Stop condition can be sent
and the LTC3219 will update all registers with the data
that it had received.
Acknowledge
The Acknowledge signal is used for handshaking between
the master and the slave. An Acknowledge (active Low)
generated by the slave (LTC3219) lets the master know
that the latest byte of information was received. The
Acknowledge related clock pulse is generated by the
master. The master releases the SDA line (High) during
theAcknowledgeclockcycle. Theslave-receivermustpull
down the SDA line during the Acknowledge clock pulse
so that it remains a stable Low during the High period of
this clock pulse.
2
In certain circumstances the data on the I C bus may
become corrupted. In these cases the LTC3219 responds
appropriately by preserving only the last set of complete
datathatithasreceived.Forexample,assumetheLTC3219
has been successfully addressed and is receiving data
when a Stop condition mistakenly occurs. The LTC3219
will ignore this stop condition and will not respond until
a new Start condition, correct address, sub-address and
new set of data and Stop condition are transmitted.
Slave Address
The LTC3219 responds to only one 7-bit address which
has been factory programmed to 0011011. The eighth
bit of the address byte (R/W) must be 0 for the LTC3219
Likewise, if the LTC3219 was previously addressed and
sent valid data but not updated with a Stop, it will respond
3219fa
14
LTC3219
OPERATION
to any Stop that appears on the bus with only one excep-
tion, independent of the number of Repeat-Start’s that
have occurred. If a Repeat-Start is given and the LTC3219
successfully acknowledges its address and first byte, it
will not respond to a Stop until all bytes of the new data
have been received and acknowledged.
Quick Write
Registers REG1 to REG9 can be written in parallel by set-
ting Bit 1 of REG 0 high. When this bit is set high the next
writesequencetoREG1willwritethedatatoREG1through
REG9 which is all of the universal LED registers.
APPLICATIONS INFORMATION
BAT
V
, CPO Capacitor Selection
current. The error signal of the loop is stored directly on
the output capacitor. The output capacitor also serves as
the dominant pole for the control loop. To prevent ringing
or instability, it is important for the output capacitor to
maintain at least 1.6μF of capacitance over all conditions
and the ESR should be less than 80mΩ.
ThestyleandvalueofthecapacitorsusedwiththeLTC3219
determineseveralimportantparameterssuchasregulator
control loop stability, output ripple, charge pump strength
and minimum start-up time.
To reduce noise and ripple, it is recommended that low
equivalent series resistance (ESR) ceramic capacitors are
Multilayer ceramic chip capacitors typically have excep-
tional ESR performance. MLCC’s combined with a tight
board layout will result in very good stability. As the value
used for both C
and C . Tantalum and aluminum
VBAT
CPO
capacitors are not recommended due to high ESR.
of C
C
BAT
controls the amount of output ripple, the value of
CPO
The value of C directly controls the amount of output
controlstheamountofripplepresentattheinputpin,
CPO
VBAT
ripple for a given load current. Increasing the size of C
V
. The LTC3219 input current will be relatively constant
CPO
will reduce output ripple at the expense of higher start-up
current. The peak-to-peak output ripple of the 1.5x mode
is approximately given by the expression:
whilethechargepumpiseitherintheinputchargingphase
or the output charging phase but will drop to zero during
the clock nonoverlap times. Since the nonoverlap time is
small(~25ns),thesemissing“notches”willresultinonlya
smallperturbationontheinputpowersupplyline.Notethat
a higher ESR capacitor such as tantalum will have higher
input noise due to the higher ESR. Therefore, ceramic ca-
pacitorsarerecommendedforlowESR.Inputnoisecanbe
further reduced by powering the LTC3219 through a very
small series inductor as shown in Figure 4. A 10nH induc-
torwillrejectthefastcurrentnotches,therebypresentinga
nearlyconstantcurrentloadtotheinputpowersupply. For
economy, the 10nH inductor can be fabricated on the PC
boardwithabout1cm(0.4")ofPCboardtrace.
IOUT
3fOSC •CCPO
VRIPPLEP-P
=
(3)
where f
is the LTC3219 oscillator frequency, typically
OSC
850kHz, and C
is the output storage capacitor.
CPO
The output ripple in 2x mode is very small due to the fact
that load current is supplied on both cycles of the clock.
Bothstyleandvalueoftheoutputcapacitorcansignificantly
affect the stability of the LTC3219. As shown in the Block
Diagram, the LTC3219 uses a control loop to adjust the
strength of the charge pump to match the required output
3219fa
15
LTC3219
APPLICATIONS INFORMATION
V
BAT
LTC3219
GND
3219 F04
Figure 4. 10nH Inductor Used for Input Noise Reduction
(Approximately 1cm of Board Trace)
Flying Capacitor Selection
Table 1 shows a list of ceramic capacitor manufacturers
and how to contact them:
Warning: Polarized capacitors such as tantalum or
aluminum should never be used for the flying capaci-
tors since their voltage can reverse upon start-up of the
LTC3219. Ceramic capacitors should always be used for
the flying capacitors.
Table 1. Recommended Capacitor Vendors
AVX
Kemet
www.avxcorp.com
www.kemet.com
www.murata.com
www.t-yuden.com
www.vishay.com
Murata
Taiyo Yuden
Vishay
The flying capacitors control the strength of the charge
pump. In order to achieve the rated output current it is
necessary to have at least 1μF of capacitance for each of
theflyingcapacitors. Capacitorsofdifferentmaterialslose
their capacitance with higher temperature and voltage at
different rates. For example, a ceramic capacitor made of
X7Rmaterialwillretainmostofitscapacitancefrom–40°C
to 85°C whereas a Z5U or Y5V style capacitor will lose
considerable capacitance over that range. Z5U and Y5V
capacitors may also have a very poor voltage coefficient
causingthemtolose60%ormoreoftheircapacitancewhen
the rated voltage is applied. Therefore, when comparing
differentcapacitors,itisoftenmoreappropriatetocompare
the amount of achievable capacitance for a given case size
ratherthancomparingthespecifiedcapacitancevalue.For
example, over rated voltage and temperature conditions,
a 1μF, 10V, Y5V ceramic capacitor in a 0603 case may not
provide any more capacitance than a 0.22μF, 10V, X7R
available in the same case. The capacitor manufacturer’s
data sheet should be consulted to determine what value
of capacitor is needed to ensure minimum capacitances
at all temperatures and voltages.
Layout Considerations and Noise
The LTC3219 has been designed to minimize EMI. How-
ever due to its high switching frequency and the transient
currents produced by the LTC3219, careful board layout
is necessary. A true ground plane and short connections
to all capacitors will improve performance and ensure
proper regulation under all conditions.
The flying capacitor pins C1P, C2P, C1M and C2M have
controlled edge rate waveforms. The large dv/dt on these
pins can couple energy capacitively to adjacent PCB runs.
Magneticfieldscanalsobegeneratediftheflyingcapacitors
are not close to the LTC3219 (i.e., the loop area is large).
To decouple capacitive energy transfer, a Faraday shield
may be used. This is a grounded PCB trace between the
sensitive node and the LTC3219 pins. For a high quality
AC ground, it should be returned to a solid ground plane
that extends all the way to the LTC3219.
3219fa
16
LTC3219
APPLICATIONS INFORMATION
Power Efficiency
In 1.5x boost mode, the efficiency is similar to that of a
linear regulator with an effective input voltage of 1.5 times
the actual input voltage. This is because the input current
for a 1.5x charge pump is approximately 1.5 times the
load current. In an ideal 1.5x charge pump, the power
efficiency would be given by:
To calculate the power efficiency (η) of an LED driver chip,
the LED power should be compared to the input power.
The difference between these two numbers represents
lost power whether it is in the charge pump or the cur-
rent sources. Stated mathematically, the power efficiency
is given by:
P
P
VLED •ILED
VBAT •1.5 •ILED 1.5 • VBAT
VLED
LED
ηIDEAL
=
=
=
PLED
IN
η =
(4)
P
Similarly, in 2x boost mode, the efficiency is similar to
that of a linear regulator with an effective input voltage
of 2 times the actual input voltage. In an ideal 2x charge
pump, the power efficiency would be given by:
IN
The efficiency of the LTC3219 depends upon the mode in
which it is operating. Recall that the LTC3219 operates
as a pass switch, connecting V
to CPO, until dropout
BAT
P
P
VLED •ILED
VBAT • 2 •ILED 2 • VBAT
VLED
is detected at the I
pin. This feature provides the op-
LED
LED
ηIDEAL
=
=
=
timum efficiency available for a given input voltage and
LED forward voltage. When it is operating as a switch, the
efficiency is approximated by:
IN
Thermal Management
PLED
VLED •ILED VLED
VBAT •IBAT VBAT
For higher input voltages and maximum output current,
therecanbesubstantialpowerdissipationintheLTC3219.
Ifthejunctiontemperatureincreasesaboveapproximately
150°C the thermal shutdown circuitry will automatically
deactivate the output current sources and charge pump.
Toreducemaximumjunctiontemperature,agoodthermal
connection to the PC board is recommended. Connecting
the Exposed Pad to a ground plane and maintaining a solid
ground plane under the device will reduce the thermal
resistance of the package and PC board considerably.
η =
=
=
(5)
P
IN
since the input current will be very close to the sum of
the LED currents.
At moderate to high output power, the quiescent current
of the LTC3219 is negligible and the expression above is
valid.
Once dropout is detected at any LED pin, the LTC3219
enables the charge pump in 1.5x mode.
3219fa
17
LTC3219
TYPICAL APPLICATIONS
Three RGB LED Groups
C2
1μF
C3
1μF
RGB1
RGB2
RGB3
C1P C1M C2P C2M
CPO
V
V
BAT
BAT
C1
C4
2.2μF
2.2μF
LTC3219
2
9
2
ULED1-9
SCL/SDA
I C
3219 TA03
DV
CC
DV
CC
C5
0.1μF
ENU
GND
PWM
5-LED Main, 4 General Purpose Open-Drain Outputs
C2
1μF
C3
1μF
MAIN
C1P C1M C2P C2M
CPO
V
V
BAT
BAT
C1
C4
2.2μF
2.2μF
LTC3219
2
5
2
ULED5-9
SCL/SDA
I C
3219 TA04
DV
CC
ULED1
ULED2
ULED3
ULED4
DV
CC
C5
0.1μF
2
I C CONTROLLED
OPEN-DRAIN OUTPUTS
ENU
ENABLE DISABLE
GND
3219fa
18
LTC3219
PACKAGE DESCRIPTION
UD Package
20-Lead Plastic QFN (3mm × 3mm)
(Reference LTC DWG # 05-08-1720 Rev A)
0.70 p 0.05
3.50 p 0.05
(4 SIDES)
1.65 p 0.05
2.10 p 0.05
PACKAGE
OUTLINE
0.20 p 0.05
0.40 BSC
RECOMMENDED SOLDER PAD PITCH AND DIMENSIONS
APPLY SOLDER MASK TO AREAS THAT ARE NOT SOLDERED
BOTTOM VIEW—EXPOSED PAD
PIN 1 NOTCH
R = 0.20 TYP
OR 0.25 s 45°
CHAMFER
R = 0.115
TYP
0.75 p 0.05
3.00 p 0.10
(4 SIDES)
R = 0.05
TYP
19 20
PIN 1
TOP MARK
(NOTE 6)
0.40 p 0.10
1
2
1.65 0.10
(4-SIDES)
(UD20) QFN 0306 REV A
0.200 REF
0.20 p 0.05
0.00 – 0.05
0.40 BSC
NOTE:
1. DRAWING IS NOT A JEDEC PACKAGE OUTLINE
2. DRAWING NOT TO SCALE
3. ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN MILLIMETERS
4. DIMENSIONS OF EXPOSED PAD ON BOTTOM OF PACKAGE DO NOT INCLUDE
MOLD FLASH. MOLD FLASH, IF PRESENT, SHALL NOT EXCEED 0.15mm ON ANY SIDE
5. EXPOSED PAD SHALL BE SOLDER PLATED
6. SHADED AREA IS ONLY A REFERENCE FOR PIN 1 LOCATION
ON THE TOP AND BOTTOM OF PACKAGE
3219fa
Information furnished by Linear Technology Corporation is believed to be accurate and reliable.
However, no responsibility is assumed for its use. Linear Technology Corporation makes no representa-
tion that the interconnection of its circuits as described herein will not infringe on existing patent rights.
19
LTC3219
TYPICAL APPLICATION
3-LED Main, 1-LED Sub and 5-LED Camera
C2
1μF
C3
1μF
MAIN
SUB
CAM
C1P C1M C2P C2M
V
V
CPO
BAT
BAT
C1
2.2μF
C4
2.2μF
LTC3219
2
3
5
2
ULED1-3
ULED4
SCL/SDA
I C
3219 TA02
DV
CC
DV
CC
C5
0.1μF
ULED5-9
ENU
ENABLE DISABLE
GND
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PART NUMBER
DESCRIPTION
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MAIN/CAM LED Controller with 32-Step
Brightness Control
RGB LED Driver and Charge Pump
6-Bit DAC Brightness Control for MAIN and 3-Bit Brightness Control for CAM,
3mm × 3mm QFN Package
Drives 4 MAIN LEDs, 3mm × 3mm QFN Package
Drives 3 MAIN LEDs, 3mm × 3mm QFN Package
Drives RGB LEDs, 25mA/LED × 3, V Range: 2.9V to 4.5V, 2mm × 3mm DFN
IN
Package
LTC3214
LTC3215
500mA Camera LED Charge Pump
VIN: 2.9V to 4.5V, Single Output, 3mm × 3mm DFN Package
700mA Low Noise High Current LED
Charge Pump
VIN: 2.9V to 4.4V, VOUT(MAX) = 5.5V, IQ = 300μA, ISD < 2.5μA, DFN Package
LTC3216
1A Low Noise High Current LED Charge Pump
with Independent Flash/Torch Current Control
VIN: 2.9V to 4.4V, VOUT(MAX) = 5.5V, IQ = 300μA, ISD < 2.5μA, DFN Package
LTC3217
LTC3218
600mA Low Noise Multi-LED Camera Light
VIN: 2.9V to 4.4V, I = 400μA, Four 100mA Outputs, QFN Package
Q
400mA Single-Wire Camera LED Charge Pump
91% Efficiency, V Range: 2.9V to 4.5V, 2mm × 3mm DFN Package,
IN
High Side Current Sense
LTC3440/LTC3441
LTC3443
600mA/1.2A IOUT, 2MHz/1MHz, Synchronous
Buck-Boost DC/DC Converter
600mA/1.2A IOUT, 600kHz, Synchronous
Buck-Boost DC/DC Converter
VIN: 2.4V to 5.5V, VOUT(MAX) = 5.25V, IQ = 25μA/50μA, ISD <1μA,
MS/DFN Packages
VIN: 2.4V to 5.5V, VOUT(MAX) = 5.25V, IQ = 28μA, ISD <1μA, DFN Package
LTC3453
1MHz, 800mA Synchronous Buck-Boost High
Power LED Driver
VIN(MIN): 2.7V to 5.5V, VIN(MAX): 2.7V to 4.5V, IQ = 2.5mA, ISD < 6μA,
QFN Package
3219fa
LT 0308 REV A • PRINTED IN USA
LinearTechnology Corporation
1630 McCarthy Blvd., Milpitas, CA 95035-7417
20
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© LINEAR TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION 2007
(408) 432-1900 FAX: (408) 434-0507 www.linear.com
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