BQ2002D [TI]
NiCd/NiMH Fast-Charge Management ICs; 镍镉/镍氢电池快速充电管理IC
| 型号： | BQ2002D |
| 厂家： | 
TEXAS INSTRUMENTS |
| 描述： | NiCd/NiMH Fast-Charge Management ICs |
| 文件： | 总12页 (文件大小：119K) |
| 中文： | 中文翻译 | 下载： | 下载PDF数据表文档文件 |
bq2002D/T
NiCd/NiMH Fast-Charge Management ICs
Features
General Description
Fast charge is terminated by any of
the following:
➤
Fast charge of nickel cadmium
The bq2002D/T Fast-Charge IC are
low-cost CMOS battery-charge control-
lers able to provide reliable charge ter-
mination for both NiCd and NiMH bat-
tery applications. Controlling a
current-limited or constant-current
supply allows the bq2002D/T to be the
basis for a cost-effective stand-alone or
system-integrated charger. The
bq2002D/T integrates fast charge with
optional top-off and pulsed-trickle con-
trol in a single IC for charging one or
more NiCd or NiMH battery cells.
n
n
n
n
Rate of temperature rise
Maximum voltage
or nickel-metal hydride batter-
ies
➤
➤
Direct LED output displays
charge status
Maximum temperature
Maximum time
Fast-charge termination by
rate of rise of temperature,
maximum voltage, maximum
temperature, and maximum
time
After fast charge, the bq2002T option-
ally tops-off and pulse-trickles the
battery per the pre-configured limits.
Fast charge may be inhibited using
the INH pin. The bq2002D/T may be
placed in low-standby-power mode to
reduce system power consumption.
➤
➤
➤
Internal band-gap voltage ref-
erence
Fast charge is initiated on application
of the charging supply or battery re-
placement. For safety, fast charge is
inhibited if the battery temperature
and voltage are outside configured
limits.
Optional top-off charge (bq2002T
only)
Selectable pulse-trickle charge
rates (bq2002T only)
➤
➤
Low-power mode
8-pin 300-mil DIP or 150-mil
SOIC
Pin Connections
Pin Names
TS
Temperature sense input
Supply voltage input
Charge inhibit input
Charge control output
TM
Timer mode select input
Charging status output
Battery voltage input
System ground
TM
LED
BAT
1
2
3
4
8
7
6
5
CC
VCC
INH
CC
LED
BAT
VSS
INH
V
CC
V
SS
TS
8-Pin DIP or
Narrow SOIC
PN-200201.eps
bq2002D/T Selection Guide
Part No.
TCO
HTF
LTF
Fast Charge
Time-Out
320 min
80 min
Top-Off
C/64
C/16
None
None
None
None
Maintenance
C/4
C/256
C/256
C/128
None
None
None
0.225 ∗ VCC
0.25 ∗ VCC
0.4 ∗ VCC
bq2002D
1C
2C
C/4
1C
2C
40 min
440 min
110 min
55 min
0.225 ∗ VCC
0.25 ∗ VCC
bq2002T
None
SLUS133–JANUARY 2000 E
1
bq2002D/T
sumes operation at the point where initially
suspended.
Pin Descriptions
Timer mode input
TM
Charge control output
CC
A three-level input that controls the settings
for the fast charge safety timer, voltage ter-
mination mode, top-off, pulse-trickle, and
voltage hold-off time.
An open-drain output used to control the
charging current to the battery. CC switch-
ing to high impedance (Z) enables charging
current to flow, and low to inhibit charging
current. CC is modulated to provide top-off,
if enabled, and pulse trickle.
Charging output status
LED
BAT
Open-drain output that indicates the charging
status.
Functional Description
Battery input voltage
Figures 2 and 3 show state diagrams of bq2002D/T and
Figure 4 shows the block diagram of the bq2002D/T
The battery voltage sense input. The input to
this pin is created by a high-impedance re-
sistor divider network connected between
the positive and negative terminals of the
battery.
Battery Voltage and Temperature
Measurements
Battery voltage and temperature are monitored for
maximum allowable values. The voltage presented on
the battery sense input, BAT, should represent a
single-cell potential for the battery under charge.
resistor-divider ratio of:
System ground
VSS
TS
Temperature sense input
A
Input for an external battery temperature
monitoring thermistor.
RB1
RB2
= N - 1
Supply voltage input
5.0V 20% power input.
Charge inhibit input
VCC
is recommended to maintain the battery voltage within
the valid range, where N is the number of cells, RB1 is
the resistor connected to the positive battery terminal,
and RB2 is the resistor connected to the negative bat-
tery terminal. See Figure 1.
INH
When high, INH suspends the fast charge in
progress. When returned low, the IC re-
V
CC
PACK +
RT1
V
RB1
RB2
R3
R4
CC
BAT
TM
T
S
N
T
C
bq2002D/T
bq2002D/T
RT2
V
SS
V
SS
BAT pin connection
Mid-level
setting for TM
NTC = negative temperature coefficient thermistor.
Thermistor connection
F2002DT1.eps
Figure 1. Voltage and Temperature Monitoring and TM Pin Configuration
2
bq2002D/T
Chip on
4.0V
Battery Voltage
too High?
V
CC
V
>
2V
BAT
V
< 2V
BAT
V
> 0.25V
V
CC
TS
Battery
Temperature?
V
< 0.25V
V
CC
TS
Charge
Pending
Off,
CC = Low
LED = Low
Fast Charge,
CC = Z
LED = Low
V
V
< 2V and
BAT
TS
V
> 0.25V
CC
V
> 2V
BAT
BAT
T/ t or
> 2V or
V
V
BAT
< 0.25V
V
2V
V
or
CC
TS
Off,
CC = Low
LED = Z
Maximum Time Out
SD2002D.eps
Figure 2. bq2002D State Diagram
Chip on
4.0V
Battery Voltage
too High?
V
CC
V
>
2V
BAT
V
< 2V
BAT
0.25
V
< V
< 0.6 V
TS CC
CC
Battery
Temperature?
V
V
> 0.6
< 0.25 V
V
or
CC
TS
TS
CC
Charge
Pending
( T/ t or
Maximum Time Out)
and TM = High
Fast
LED =
Low
Trickle
LED =
Low
V
V
V
< 2V and
BAT
TS
TS
< 0.6
> 0.25
V
V
and
V
> 2V
CC
BAT
V
> 2V or
BAT
< 0.225
CC
Top-off
LED = Z
V
V
or
CC
TS
(( T/ t or
Maximum Time Out)
and TM = High)
V
2V
BAT
Trickle
V
V
> 2V or
BAT
< 0.225
LED = Z
V
or
CC
TS
Maximum Time Out
SD2002T.eps
Figure 3. bq2002T State Diagram
3
bq2002D/T
Clock
Phase
Generator
OSC
TM
Sample
History
Timing
Control
Voltage
Reference
INH
T/ t
ALU
A to D
Converter
Charge-Control
State Machine
HTF/
LTF
Check
MCV
Check
Power
Down
TS
TCO
Check
Power-On
Reset
CC
LED
BAT
V
V
CC
SS
Bd2002TD.eps
Figure 4. Block Diagram
If the battery voltage or temperature is outside of these
limits, the IC pulse-trickle charges until the tempera-
ture falls within the allowed fast charge range or a new
charge cycle is started.
Note: This resistor-divider network input impedance to
end-to-end should be at least 200kΩ and less than 1 MΩ.
A ground-referenced negative temperature coefficient ther-
mistor placed in proximity to the battery may be used as a
low-cost temperature-to-voltage transducer. The tempera-
ture sense voltage input at TS is developed using a
Fast charge continues until termination by one or more of
the four possible termination conditions:
resistor-thermistor network between VCC and VSS
. See
n
n
n
n
Rate of temperature rise
Maximum voltage
Figure 1.
Starting A Charge Cycle
Maximum temperature
Maximum time
Either of two events starts a charge cycle (see Figure 5):
1. Application of power to VCC or
∆T/∆t Termination
2. Voltage at the BAT pin falling through the maximum
cell voltage where:
The bq2002D/T samples at the voltage at the TS pin ev-
ery 19s and compares it to the value measured three
samples earlier. If the voltage has fallen 25.6mV or
more, fast charge is terminated. The ∆T/∆t termination
test is valid only when VTCO < VTS < VLTF for the
bq2002T and VTCO < VTS for the bq2002D.
V
MCV = 2V 5%.
If the battery is within the configured temperature and
voltage limits, the IC begins fast charge. The valid bat-
tery voltage range is VBAT < VMCV. The valid tempera-
ture range is VHTF < VTS < VLTF for the bq2002T and
V
HTF < VTS for the bq2002D where:
Temperature Sampling
VLTF = 0.4 ∗ VCC 5%.
A sample is taken by averaging together 16 measure-
ments taken 57µs apart. The resulting sample period
(18.18ms) filters out harmonics around 55Hz. This tech-
VHTF = 0.25 ∗ VCC 5% (bq2002T only).
4
bq2002D/T
V
CC
= 0
Fast Charging
Top-Off
(optional,
Pulse-Trickle
Fast Charging
(optional,
bq2002T only)
bq2002T only)
286
s
s
286
CC Output
See
Table1
s
4576
Charge initiated by application of power
Charge initiated by battery replacement
LED
TD2002F1.eps
Figure 5. Charge Cycle Phases
nique minimizes the effect of any AC line ripple that
may feed through the power supply from either 50Hz or
60Hz AC sources. Tolerance on all timing is 20%.
Maximum temperature termination occurs anytime the
voltage on the TS pin falls below the temperature cut-off
threshold VTCO where:
VTCO = 0.225 ∗ VCC 5%
Maximum Voltage, Temperature, and Time
Maximum charge time is configured using the TM pin.
Time settings are available for corresponding charge
rates of C/4, 1C, and 2C. Maximum time-out termina-
tion is enforced on the fast-charge phase, then reset, and
Any time the voltage on the BAT pin exceeds the maxi-
mum cell voltage, VMCV, fast charge or optional top-off
charge is terminated.
Table 1. Fast-Charge Safety Time/Top-Off Table
Typical Fast-Charge
and Top-Off
Pulse-
Trickle
Corresponding
Time Limits
Top-Off
Rate
Pulse-
Fast-Charge Rate
TM
Mid
Low
High
Mid
Low
High
(minutes)
Trickle Rate
Period (ms)
C/4
1C
2C
C/4
1C
2C
440
110
55
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
bq2002D
NA
NA
NA
320
80
C/64
C/16
Disabled
C/256
C/256
C/128
18.3
73.1
73.1
bq2002T
40
Notes:
Typical conditions = 25°C, VCC = 5.0V.
Mid = 0.5 VCC 0.5V
*
Tolerance on all timing is 20%
5
bq2002D/T
enforced again on the top-off phase, if selected (bq2002T
only). There is no time limit on the trickle-charge
phase.
Charge Status Indication
In the fast charge and charge pending states, and when-
ever the inhibit pin is active, the LED pin goes low. The
LED pin is driven to the high-Z state for all other condi-
tions. Figure 3 outlines the state of the LED pin during
charge.
Top-off Charge—bq2002T Only
An optional top-off charge phase may be selected to
follow fast charge termination for 1C and C/4 rates.
This phase may be necessary on NiMH or other bat-
tery chemistries that have a tendency to terminate
charge prior to reaching full capacity. With top-off en-
abled, charging continues at a reduced rate after
fast-charge termination for a period of time selected
by the TM pin. (See Table 1.) During top-off, the CC
pin is modulated at a duty cycle of 286µs active for
every 4290µs inactive. This modulation results in an
average rate 1/16th that of the fast charge rate. Maxi-
mum voltage, time, and temperature are the only ter-
mination methods enabled during top-off.
Charge Inhibit
Fast charge and top-off may be inhibited by using the
INH pin. When high, INH suspends all fast charge and
top-off activity and the internal charge timer. INH
freezes the current state of LED until inhibit is re-
moved. Temperature monitoring is not affected by the
INH pin. During charge inhibit, the bq2002D/T contin-
ues to pulse-trickle charge the battery per the TM selec-
tion. When INH returns low, charge control and the
charge timer resume from the point where INH became
active. The VTS sample history is cleared by INH.
Pulse-Trickle Charge—bq2002T Only
Low-Power Mode
Pulse-trickle is used to compensate for self-discharge
while the battery is idle in the charger. The battery is
pulse-trickle charged by driving the CC pin active for a
period of 286µs for every 72.9ms of inactivity for 1C and
2C selections, and 286µs for every 17.9ms of inactivity
for C/4 selection. This results in a trickle rate of C/256
for the top-off enabled mode and C/128 otherwise.
The IC enters a low-power state when VBAT is driven
above the power-down threshold (VPD) where:
VPD = VCC - (1V 0.5V)
Both the CC pin and the LED pin are driven to the
high-Z state. The operating current is reduced to less
than 1µA in this mode. When VBAT returns to a value
below VPD, the IC pulse-trickle charges until the next
new charge cycle begins.
TM Pin
The TM pin is a three-level pin used to select the
charge timer, top-off, voltage termination mode, trickle
rate, and voltage hold-off period options. Table 1 de-
scribes the states selected by the TM pin. The mid-
level selection input is developed by a resistor di-
vider between VCC and ground that fixes the voltage
on TM at VCC/2 0.5V. See Figure 5.
6
bq2002D/T
Absolute Maximum Ratings
Symbol
VCC
Parameter
VCC relative to VSS
Minimum
Maximum
Unit
Notes
-0.3
+7.0
V
DC voltage applied on any pin
excluding VCC relative to VSS
VT
-0.3
+7.0
V
TOPR
Operating ambient temperature
Storage temperature
0
-40
-
+70
+85
°C
°C
°C
°C
Commercial
TSTG
TSOLDER
TBIAS
Soldering temperature
+260
+85
10 sec max.
Temperature under bias
-40
Note:
Permanent device damage may occur if Absolute Maximum Ratings are exceeded. Functional opera-
tion should be limited to the Recommended DC Operating Conditions detailed in this data sheet. Expo-
sure to conditions beyond the operational limits for extended periods of time may affect device reliability.
DC Thresholds (T = 0 to 70°C; V
20%)
CC
A
Symbol
VTCO
Parameter
Rating
Tolerance
5%
Unit
V
Notes
VTS ≤ VTCO terminates fast charge
0.225 VCC
*
Temperature cutoff
High-temperature fault
Low-temperature fault
and top-off
VHTF
V
0.25 ∗ VCC
0.4 ∗ VCC
5%
VTS ≤ VHTF inhibits fast charge start
VTS ≥ VLTF inhibits fast charge start
VLTF
V
5%
(bq2002T only)
VBAT ≥ VMCV inhibits/terminates fast
charge
VMCV
Maximum cell voltage
2
5%
V
7
bq2002D/T
Recommended DC Operating Conditions (T = 0 to 70°C)
A
Symbol
VCC
Condition
Supply voltage
Minimum
Typical
Maximum
Unit
V
Notes
4.0
0
5.0
6.0
VCC
VCC
-
VBAT
VTS
Battery input
-
-
-
-
V
Thermistor input
Logic input high
Logic input high
0.5
0.5
V
VTS < 0.5V prohibited
V
INH
TM
VIH
V
CC - 0.5
-
V
VCC
2
VCC
- 0.5
+ 0.5
VIM
Logic input mid
-
V
TM
2
Logic input low
Logic input low
Logic output low
-
-
-
-
-
-
0.1
0.5
0.8
V
V
V
INH
VIL
TM
VOL
LED, CC, IOL = 10mA
VBAT ≥ VPD max. powers
down bq2002D/T;
VPD
VCC - 1.5
VCC - 0.5
Power down
-
V
V
BAT < VPD min. =
normal operation.
Outputs unloaded,
µA
µA
ICC
Supply current
-
-
500
VCC = 5.1V
ISB
IOL
IL
Standby current
LED, CC sink
Input leakage
-
10
-
-
-
-
1
-
VCC = 5.1V, VBAT = VPD
mA @VOL = VSS + 0.8V
1
µA
µA
INH, CC, V = VSS to VCC
LED, CC
Output leakage in
high-Z state
IOZ
-5
-
-
Note:
All voltages relative to VSS.
8
bq2002D/T
Impedance
Symbol
Parameter
Minimum
Typical
Maximum
Unit
MΩ
MΩ
RBAT
RTS
Battery input impedance
TS input impedance
50
50
-
-
-
-
Timing (T = 0 to +70°C; V
10%)
CC
A
Symbol
dFCV
Parameter
Minimum Typical Maximum
-20 20
Unit
Notes
Time-base variation
-
%
Note:
Typical is at TA = 25°C, VCC = 5.0V.
9
bq2002D/T
(
)
8-Pin DIP PN
(
)
8-Pin PN 0.300" DIP
Inches
Millimeters
Min.
D
Min.
Max.
0.180
0.040
0.022
0.065
0.013
0.380
0.325
0.280
0.370
0.110
0.150
0.040
Max.
4.57
1.02
0.56
1.65
0.33
9.65
8.26
7.11
9.40
2.79
3.81
1.02
Dimension
A
0.160
0.015
0.015
0.055
0.008
0.350
0.300
0.230
0.300
0.090
0.115
0.020
4.06
0.38
0.38
1.40
0.20
8.89
7.62
5.84
7.62
2.29
2.92
0.51
A1
B
E1
E
B1
C
A
B1
A1
D
E
L
C
E1
e
B
S
G
L
e
G
S
8-Pin SOIC Narrow (SN)
(
)
8-Pin SN 0.150" SOIC
Inches
Millimeters
Min.
Max.
0.070
0.010
0.020
0.010
0.200
0.160
0.055
0.245
0.035
Min.
1.52
0.10
0.33
0.18
4.70
3.81
1.14
5.72
0.38
Max.
1.78
0.25
0.51
0.25
5.08
4.06
1.40
6.22
0.89
Dimension
A
0.060
0.004
0.013
0.007
0.185
0.150
0.045
0.225
0.015
A1
B
C
D
E
e
H
L
10
bq2002D/T
Data Sheet Revision History
Change No.
Page No.
Description
Nature of Change
Changed table to figure.
Added column and values.
Was: Table 1 gave the bq2002D/T Operational Summary.
Is: Figure 2 gives the bq2002D/T Operational Summary.
1
3
1
2
3
4
5
Added top-off values.
All
All
Revised and expanded this data sheet
Revised and included bq2002D
Addition of device
Specified package information for the bq2002D
Notes:
Change 1 = Sept. 1996 B changes from Aug. 1994.
Change 2 = Aug. 1997 C changes from Sept. 1996 B.
Change 3 = Jan. 1999 D changes from Aug. 1997 C.
Change 4 = Jan. 2000 E changes from Jan. 1999 D.
Ordering Information
bq2002
Package Option:
PN = 8-pin plastic DIP
SN = 8-pin narrow SOIC*
Device:
D = bq2002D Fast-Charge IC
T = bq2002T Fast-Charge IC
* bq2002D is only available in the 8-pin narrow SOIC
package
11
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12
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