MC44603P [ONSEMI]
MIXED FREQUENCY MODE GREENLINE PWM CONTROLLER; 混合频率GREENLINE模式PWM控制器型号: | MC44603P |
厂家: | ONSEMI |
描述: | MIXED FREQUENCY MODE GREENLINE PWM CONTROLLER |
文件: | 总24页 (文件大小:454K) |
中文: | 中文翻译 | 下载: | 下载PDF数据表文档文件 |
Order this document by MC44603/D
MIXED FREQUENCY MODE
GREENLINE PWM*
CONTROLLER:
Fixed Frequency, Variable Frequency,
Standby Mode
The MC44603 is an enhanced high performance controller that is
specifically designed for off–line and dc–to–dc converter applications. This
device has the unique ability of automatically changing operating modes if
the converter output is overloaded, unloaded, or shorted, offering the
designer additional protection for increased system reliability. The MC44603
has several distinguishing features when compared to conventional SMPS
controllers. These features consist of a foldback facility for overload
protection, a standby mode when the converter output is slightly loaded, a
demagnetization detection for reduced switching stresses on transistor and
diodes, and a high current totem pole output ideally suited for driving a power
MOSFET. It can also be used for driving a bipolar transistor in low power
converters (< 150 W). It is optimized to operate in discontinuous mode but
can also operate in continuous mode. Its advanced design allows use in
current mode or voltage mode control applications.
VARIABLE FREQUENCY,
FIXED FREQUENCY,
STANDBY MODE
* PWM = Pulse Width Modulation
16
1
P SUFFIX
PLASTIC PACKAGE
CASE 648
Current or Voltage Mode Controller
• Operation up to 250 kHz Output Switching Frequency
• Inherent Feed Forward Compensation
• Latching PWM for Cycle–by–Cycle Current Limiting
• Oscillator with Precise Frequency Control
16
1
High Flexibility
DW SUFFIX
PLASTIC PACKAGE
CASE 751G
• Externally Programmable Reference Current
• Secondary or Primary Sensing
• Synchronization Facility
(SOP–16L)
• High Current Totem Pole Output
• Undervoltage Lockout with Hysteresis
PIN CONNECTIONS
Safety/Protection Features
V
1
2
16
15
14
R
R
CC
ref
• Overvoltage Protection Against Open Current and Open Voltage Loop
• Protection Against Short Circuit on Oscillator Pin
• Fully Programmable Foldback
Frequency
V
C
Standby
Voltage Feedback
Input
Output
Gnd
3
4
5
• Soft–Start Feature
13 Error Amp Output
• Accurate Maximum Duty Cycle Setting
• Demagnetization (Zero Current Detection) Protection
• Internally Trimmed Reference
R
Foldback Input
12
Power Standby
Overvoltage
Protection (OVP)
Soft–Start/D
Voltage Mode
/
max
6
7
11
10
Current Sense Input
C
T
GreenLine Controller: Low Power Consumption in Standby Mode
• Low Startup and Operating Current
• Fully Programmable Standby Mode
Demag Detection
8
9
Sync Input
(Top View)
• Controlled Frequency Reduction in Standby Mode
• Low dV/dT for Low EMI Radiations
ORDERING INFORMATION
Operating
GreenLine is a trademark of Motorola, Inc.
Temperature Range
Device
Package
Plastic DIP–16
SOP–16L
MC44603P
MC44603DW
T
= –25° to +85°C
A
Motorola, Inc. 1999
Rev 1
MC44603
MAXIMUM RATINGS
Rating
Symbol
Value
30
Unit
mA
V
Total Power Supply and Zener Current
(I
CC
+ I )
Z
Supply Voltage with Respect to Ground (Pin 4)
V
18
C
V
CC
Output Current (Note 1)
mA
Source
Sink
I
–750
750
O(Source)
I
O(Sink)
Output Energy (Capacitive Load per Cycle)
W
5.0
µJ
V
R
, C , Soft–Start, R , R
F Stby ref P Stby
Inputs
V
V
–0.3 to 5.5
T
in
Foldback Input, Current Sense Input,
E/A Output, Voltage Feedback Input,
V
in
–0.3 to
Overvoltage Protection, Synchronization Input
V
V
+ 0.3
CC
Synchronization Input
High State Voltage
V
IH
+ 0.3
V
CC
Low State Reverse Current
V
IL
–20
mA
Demagnetization Detection Input Current
mA
Source
Sink
I
–4.0
10
demag–ib (Source)
I
demag–ib (Sink)
Error Amplifier Output Sink Current
I
20
mA
E/A (Sink)
Power Dissipation and Thermal Characteristics
P Suffix, Dual–In–Line, Case 648
Maximum Power Dissipation at T = 85°C
P
D
0.6
W
A
Thermal Resistance, Junction–to–Air
R
100
°C/W
θJA
DW Suffix, Surface Mount, Case 751G
Maximum Power Dissipation at T = 85°C
P
0.45
145
W
°C/W
A
D
Thermal Resistance, Junction–to–Air
Operating Junction Temperature
Operating Ambient Temperature
R
θJA
T
150
°C
°C
J
T
A
–25 to +85
NOTES: 1. Maximum package power dissipation limits must be observed.
2. ESD data available upon request.
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (V
CC
and V = 12 V, [Note 3], R = 10 kΩ, C = 820 pF, for typical values T = 25°C,
for min/max values T = –25° to +85°C [Note 4], unless otherwise noted.)
C
ref
T
A
A
Characteristic
OUTPUT SECTION
Symbol
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
Output Voltage (Note 5)
V
Low State (I
Low State (I
= 100 mA)
= 500 mA)
V
OL
–
–
1.0
1.4
1.2
2.0
Sink
Sink
High State (I
High State (I
= 200 mA)
= 500 mA)
V
OH
–
–
1.5
2.0
2.0
2.7
Source
Source
Output Voltage During Initialization Phase
V
OL
V
V
CC
V
CC
V
CC
= 0 to 1.0 V, I
= 1.0 to 5.0 V, I
= 5.0 to 13 V, I
= 10 µA
–
–
–
–
0.1
0.1
1.0
1.0
1.0
Sink
= 100 µA
Sink
Sink
= 1.0 mA
Output Voltage Rising Edge Slew–Rate (C = 1.0 nF, T = 25°C)
dVo/dT
dVo/dT
–
–
300
–
–
V/µs
V/µs
L
J
Output Voltage Falling Edge Slew–Rate (C = 1.0 nF, T = 25°C)
–300
L
J
ERROR AMPLIFIER SECTION
Voltage Feedback Input (V
= 2.5 V)
V
2.42
–2.0
65
2.5
–0.6
70
2.58
–
V
E/A out
= 2.5 V)
FB
Input Bias Current (V
I
µA
dB
FB
Open Loop Voltage Gain (V
FB–ib
= 2.0 to 4.0 V)
A
VOL
–
E/A out
NOTES: 3. Adjust V
above the startup threshold before setting to 12 V.
CC
4. Low duty cycle pulse techniques are used during test to maintain junction temperature as close to ambient as possible.
5. V must be greater than 5.0 V.
C
2
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
MC44603
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) (V
CC
and V = 12 V, [Note 3], R = 10 kΩ, C = 820 pF, for typical values T = 25°C,
C ref T A
for min/max values T = –25° to +85°C [Note 4], unless otherwise noted.)
A
Characteristic
ERROR AMPLIFIER SECTION (continued)
Unity Gain Bandwidth
Symbol
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
BW
MHz
T = 25°C
T = –25° to +85°C
J
–
–
4.0
–
–
5.5
J
Voltage Feedback Input Line Regulation (V
= 10 to 15 V)
V
–10
–
10
mV
mA
CC
FBline–reg
Output Current
Sink (V
T
A
= 1.5 V, V
= 2.7 V)
I
Sink
2.0
12
–
–
E/A out
= –25° to +85°C
FB
Source (V
= 5.0 V, V
= 2.3 V)
I
Source
–2.0
–0.2
E/A out
= –25° to +85°C
FB
T
A
Output Voltage Swing
V
High State (I
Low State (I
= 0.5 mA, V
= 2.3 V)
= 2.7 V)
V
V
OL
5.5
–
6.5
1.0
7.5
1.1
E/A out (source)
= 0.33 mA, V
FB
OH
E/A out (sink)
FB
REFERENCE SECTION
Reference Output Voltage (V
= 10 to 15 V)
V
2.4
–500
–40
2.5
–
2.6
–100
40
V
CC
ref
Reference Current Range (I = V /R , R = 5.0 k to 25 kΩ)
ref ref ref
I
µA
mV
ref
Reference Voltage Over I Range
ref
∆V
–
ref
OSCILLATOR AND SYNCHRONIZATION SECTION
Frequency
f
kHz
OSC
T
T
A
= 0° to +70°C
= –25° to +85°C
44.5
44
48
–
51.5
52
A
Frequency Change with Voltage (V
= 10 to 15 V)
∆f
∆f
/∆V
–
–
0.05
0.05
1.8
–
–
%/V
%/°C
V
CC
OSC
Frequency Change with Temperature (T = –25° to +85°C)
/∆T
OSC
A
Oscillator Voltage Swing (Peak–to–Peak)
V
1.65
1.95
OSC(pp)
Ratio Charge Current/Reference Current
I
/I
–
charge ref
T
T
A
= 0° to +70°C (V
= –25° to +85°C
= 2.0 V)
CT
0.375
0.37
0.4
–
0.425
0.43
A
Fixed Maximum Duty Cycle = I
/(I
R F Stby
+ I
)
D
78
80
82
%
–
discharge discharge charge
Ratio Standby Discharge Current versus I (Note 6)
I
/
disch–Stby
T
T
A
= 0° to +70°C
= –25° to +85°C (Note 8)
I
0.46
0.43
0.53
–
0.6
0.63
A
R F Stby
V
(I
= 100 µA)
V
2.4
18
2.5
21
–
2.6
24
V
kHz
µA
V
R F Stby R F Stby
R F Stby
Frequency in Standby Mode (R
Current Range
(Pin 15) = 25 kΩ)
F
Stby
F Stby
I
–200
–50
R F Stby
Synchronization Input Threshold Voltage (Note 7)
V
V
3.2
0.45
3.7
0.7
4.3
0.9
inthH
inthL
Synchronization Input Current
I
–5.0
–
–
–
0
µA
µs
Sync–in
Minimum Synchronization Pulse Width (Note 8)
UNDERVOLTAGE LOCKOUT SECTION
Startup Threshold
T
Sync
0.5
V
13.6
14.5
15.4
V
V
stup–th
Output Disable Voltage After Threshold Turn–On (UVLO 1)
V
disable1
T
T
A
= 0° to +70°C
= –25° to +85°C
8.6
8.3
9.0
–
9.4
9.6
A
Reference Disable Voltage After Threshold Turn–On (UVLO 2)
V
7.0
7.5
8.0
V
disable2
NOTES: 13. Adjust V
above the startup threshold before setting to 12 V.
CC
14. Low duty cycle pulse techniques are used during test to maintain junction temperature as close to ambient as possible.
16. Standby is disabled for V < 25 mV typical.
R P Stby
17. If not used, Synchronization input must be connected to Ground.
18. Synchronization Pulse Width must be shorter than T
= 1/f .
OSC
OSC
3
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
MC44603
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) (V
CC
and V = 12 V, [Note 3], R = 10 kΩ, C = 820 pF, for typical values T = 25°C,
C ref T A
for min/max values T = –25° to +85°C [Note 4], unless otherwise noted.)
A
Characteristic
Symbol
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
DEMAGNETIZATION DETECTION SECTION (Note 9)
Demagnetization Detect Input
Demagnetization Comparator Threshold (V
Decreasing)
V
50
–
–0.5
65
0.25
–
80
–
–
mV
µs
µA
Pin 9
Propagation Delay (Input to Output, Low to High)
demag–th
–
Input Bias Current (V
= 65 mV)
I
demag
Negative Clamp Level (I
demag–lb
= –2.0 mA)
C
–
–
–0.38
0.72
–
–
V
V
demag
L(neg)
L(pos)
Positive Clamp Level (I
= 2.0 mA)
SOFT–START SECTION (Note 11)
C
demag
Ratio Charge Current/I
I
/I
–
ref
ss(ch) ref
T
T
A
= 0° to +70°C
= –25° to +85°C
0.37
0.36
0.4
–
0.43
0.44
A
Discharge Current (V
Clamp Level
= 1.0 V)
I
1.5
2.2
5.0
2.4
–
mA
V
soft–start
discharge
V
2.6
ss(CL)
Duty Cycle (R
Duty Cycle (V
= 12 kΩ)
D
36
–
42
–
49
0
%
soft–start
soft–start (Pin 11)
soft–start 12k
D
soft–start
= 0.1 V)
OVERVOLTAGE SECTION
Protection Threshold Level on V
V
2.42
1.0
2.5
–
2.58
3.0
V
µs
V
OVP
OVP–th
Propagation Delay (V
Protection Level on V
> 2.58 V to V Low)
out
OVP
V
CC
CC prot
T
T
A
= 0° to +70°C
= –25° to +85°C
16.1
15.9
17
–
17.9
18.1
A
Input Resistance
–
kΩ
T
T
A
= 0° to +70°C
= –25° to +85°C
1.5
1.4
2.0
–
3.0
3.4
A
FOLDBACK SECTION (Note 10)
Current Sense Voltage Threshold (V
= 0.9 V)
V
0.86
–6.0
0.89
–2.0
0.9
–
V
foldback (Pin 5)
= 0 V)
CS–th
Foldback Input Bias Current (V
I
µA
foldback (Pin 5)
foldback–lb
STANDBY SECTION
Ratio I
/I
R P Stby ref
I
/I
–
–
R P Stby ref
T
A
= 0° to +70°C
0.37
0.36
0.4
–
0.43
0.44
T
A
= –25° to +85°C
Ratio Hysteresis (V Required to Return to Normal Operation from Standby
h
Operation)
V /V
h
R P Stby
T
T
A
= 0° to +70°C
= –25° to +85°C
1.42
1.4
1.5
–
1.58
1.6
A
Current Sense Voltage Threshold (V
= 1.0 V)
= 1.2 V)
V
0.28
0.31
0.34
V
V
R P Stby (Pin 12)
CS–Stby
CURRENT SENSE SECTION
Maximum Current Sense Input Threshold
(V = 2.3 V and V
V
CS–th
0.96
1.0
1.04
feedback (Pin 14) foldback (Pin 6)
Input Bias Current
I
–10
–
–2.0
120
–
µA
CS–ib
–
Propagation Delay (Current Sense Input to Output at V
MOS transistor = 3.0 V)
of
200
ns
TH
TOTAL DEVICE
Power Supply Current
I
mA
CC
Startup (V
Operating T = –25° to +85°C (Note 3)
= 13 V with V
Increasing)
–
13
0.3
17
0.45
20
CC
A
CC
Power Supply Zener Voltage (I
Thermal Shutdown
= 25 mA)
V
18.5
–
–
–
–
V
CC
Z
–
155
°C
NOTES: 13. Adjust V
above the startup threshold before setting to 12 V.
CC
14. Low duty cycle pulse techniques are used during test to maintain junction temperature as close to ambient as possible.
19. This function can be inhibited by connecting Pin 8 to Gnd. This allows a continuous current mode operation.
10. This function can be inhibited by connecting Pin 5 to V
11. The MC44603 can be shut down by connecting the Soft–Start pin (Pin 11) to Ground.
.
CC
4
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
MC44603
Representative Block Diagram
R
R
ref
F Stby
R
F Stby
15 16
V
ref
Negative
Active
Clamp
R
S
Q
+
UVLO2
Demag
Detect
V
CC
V
aux
8
1
+
18.0 V
+
65 mV
3.7 V
V
Demag Out
Synchro
V
CC
Reference
Block
Sync
Input
14.5 V/7.5 V
V
To Power
Transforme
9
ref
+
V
I
I
F Stby
V
0.4 I
ref
ref
0.7 V
OSC prot
ref
1.0 V
R
S
V
C
Q
1.6 V
2
C
T
R
S
Q
10
+
V
OSC
Output
C
3.6 V
T
S
3
Q
R
4
V
Out
V
OVP
Thermal
Shutdown
2.0
Delay
µs
Gnd
0.4 I
I
ref
Discharge
V
ref
CC
V
V
V
V
V
ref
ref ref
0.6 I
ref
ref
0.25
V
ref
V
ref
0.8 I
ref
ref
I
F Stby
0.4 I
0.2 I
ref
0.4 I
ref
ref
11.6 k
5.0
µs
R
Pwr Stby
12
OVP
Delay
6
2.0 k
V
CC
1.0 mA
R
OVP
I
Discharge/2
+
Feed–
back
Current Mirror X2
+
2.5 V
2R
1.6 V
14
+
Error Amplifier
Current
Sense Input
2.5 V
Compen–
sation
7
13
1.0 V
UVLO1
5
V
Foldback
CC
2.4 V
5.0 mA
Input
+
9.0 V
11 SS/D
C
/VM
max
= Sink only
= Positive True Logic
R
SS
SS
This device contains 243 active transistors.
5
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
MC44603
Figure 1. Timing Resistor versus
Oscillator Frequency
Figure 2. Standby Mode Timing Capacitor
versus Oscillator Frequency
100
10000
C
= 100 pF
T
V
= 16 V
V
= 16 V
= 25°C
= 10 k
CC
CC
T
= 25
°C
T
A
A
C
= 500 pF
R
T
ref
R
= 2.0 k
F Stby
C
= 1000 pF
T
R
= 5.0 k
F Stby
10
1000
300
R
= 27 k
F Stby
R
= 100 k
F Stby
C
= 2200 pF
T
3.0
10 k
100 k
, Oscillator Frequency (Hz)
1.0 Meg
10 k
100 k
, Oscillator Frequency (Hz)
1.0 Meg
f
f
OSC
OSC
Figure 3. Oscillator Frequency
versus Temperature
Figure 4. Ratio Charge Current/Reference
Current versus Temperature
52
51
50
49
48
0.43
0.42
0.41
0.40
0.39
47
46
45
44
V
R
C
= 12 V
= 10 k
V
R
C
= 12 V
= 10 k
ref
T
CC
CC
0.38
0.37
ref
= 820 pF
= 820 pF
75
T
–50
–25
0
25
50
75
100
–50
–25
0
25
50
100
T , AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (
°C)
T , AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (°C)
A
A
Figure 5. Output Waveform
Figure 6. Output Cross Conduction
600
400
200
0
70
70
300
200
100
0
V
C
= 12 V
= 2200 pF
V
C
= 12 V
= 2200 pF
CC
L
CC
L
60
50
40
30
20
10
60
50
40
30
20
10
T
= 25
°C
T = 25°C
A
A
Current
Voltage
Current
–200
–100
–400
–600
–200
–300
–400
–500
V
O
Voltage
–800
0
0
I
CC
–10
–10
–1000
1.0
µs/Div
1.0 µs/Div
6
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
MC44603
Figure 7. Oscillator Discharge Current
versus Temperature
Figure 8. Source Output Saturation Voltage
versus Load Current
500
475
450
425
2.5
2.0
400
375
1.5
1.0
V
R
C
= 12 V
= 10 k
= 820 pF
V
R
C
= 12 V
= 10 k
ref
CC
ref
T
CC
350
325
300
= 820 pF
T
T
= 25°C
A
–50
–25
0
25
50
75
100
0
100
200
300
400
500
T , AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (
°C)
I , OUTPUT SOURCE CURRENT (mA)
source
A
Figure 9. Sink Output Saturation Voltage
versus Sink Current
Figure 10. Error Amplifier Gain and Phase
versus Frequency
2.0
1.6
80
60
V
= 12 V
CC
Sink Saturation
G = 10
(Load to V
)
140
CC
V
V
R
= 30 mV
= 2.0 to 4.0 V
= 100 k
in
O
L
1.2
0.8
40
20
T = 25°C
A
50
T
V
80
= 25°C
A
= 12 V
CC
0.4
0
0
µ
s Pulsed Load
120 Hz Rate
–20
–40
0
100
200
300
400
500
1.0
10
100
1000
I
, SINK OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)
f, FREQUENCY (kHz)
sink
Figure 11. Voltage Feedback Input
versus Temperature
Figure 12. Demag Comparator Threshold
versus Temperature
2.60
2.55
80
75
70
65
60
55
50
V
= 12 V
V
= 12 V
CC
CC
G = 10
V
R
= 2.0 to 4.0 V
= 100 k
O
L
2.50
2.45
2.40
–50
–25
0
25
50
75
100
–50
–25
0
25
50
75
100
T , AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (
°C)
T , AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (°C)
A
A
7
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
MC44603
Figure 13. Current Sense Gain
versus Temperature
Figure 14. Thermal Resistance and Maximum
Power Dissipation versus P.C.B. Copper Length
100
80
5.0
4.0
3.2
3.1
3.0
Printed circuit board heatsink example
2.0 oz
L
Copper
L
3.0 mm
R
60
40
20
0
3.0
2.0
θ
JA
Graphs represent symmetrical layout
V
R
C
= 12 V
= 10 k
= 820 pF
CC
ref
T
2.9
2.8
P
for T = 70°C
A
D(max)
1.0
0
–50
–25
0
25
50
75
100
0
10
20
30
40
50
T , AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (
°C)
L, LENGTH OF COPPER (mm)
A
Figure 15. Propagation Delay Current Sense
Input to Output versus Temperature
Figure 16. Startup Current versus V
CC
140
120
100
80
0.35
0.30
0.25
0.20
0.15
0.10
0.05
0
V
R
C
= 12 V
= 10 k
= 820 pF
R
= 10 k
ref
CC
ref
T
C
= 820 pF
T
–50
–25
0
25
50
75
100
0
2.0
4.0
6.0
, SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
CC
8.0
10
12
14
T , AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (
°C)
V
A
Figure 17. Supply Current versus
Supply Voltage
Figure 18. Power Supply Zener Voltage
versus Temperature
21.5
16
14
12
10
21.0
20.5
8.0
6.0
4.0
2.0
0
20.0
19.5
19.0
T
= 25°C
A
R
C
V
= 10 k
= 820 pF
= 0 V
ref
T
I
= 25 mA
75
CC
FB
CS
V
= 0 V
2.0
4.0
6.0
V
8.0
10
12
14
16
–50
–25
0
25
50
100
, SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
T , AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (
°C)
CC
A
8
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
MC44603
Figure 19. Startup Threshold Voltage
versus Temperature
Figure 20. Disable Voltage After Threshold
Turn–On (UVLO1) versus Temperature
15.5
15.0
9.50
9.25
14.5
14.0
13.5
9.00
8.55
8.50
V
Increasing
V
Decreasing
CC
CC
–50
–25
0
25
50
75
100
100
100
–50
–25
0
25
50
75
100
T , AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (
°
C)
T , AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (°
C)
A
A
Figure 21. Disable Voltage After Threshold
Turn–On (UVLO2) versus Temperature
Figure 22. Protection Threshold Level on
V
versus Temperature
OVP
8.0
7.8
7.6
7.4
2.60
2.55
2.50
2.45
2.40
2.35
2.30
V
= 12 V
CC
V
Decreasing
CC
7.2
7.0
6.8
–50
–25
0
25
50
75
–50
–25
0
25
50
75
100
T , AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (
°
C)
T , AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (°C)
A
A
Figure 23. Protection Level on V
versus Temperature
Figure 24. Propagation Delay (V
> 2.58 V
CC
OVP
Low) versus Temperature
to V
out
18
17.5
17
3.0
2.5
2.0
R
C
= 10 k
= 820 pF
ref
T
Pin 6 Open
V
= 12 V
= 10 k
= 820 pF
CC
ref
16.5
16
1.5
1.0
R
C
T
–50
–25
0
25
50
75
–50
–25
0
25
50
75
100
T , AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (
°C)
T , AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (°C)
A
A
9
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
MC44603
Figure 25. Standby Reference Current
versus Temperature
Figure 26. Current Sense Voltage Threshold
Standby Mode versus Temperature
270
265
260
0.33
0.32
0.31
0.30
255
250
V
R P Stdby (Pin 12)
Voltage Increasing
245
V
R
C
= 12 V
= 10 k
= 820 pF
CC
ref
T
240
235
230
Pin 12 Clamped
at 1.0 V
–50
–25
0
25
50
75
100
–50
–25
0
25
50
75
100
T , AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (
°C)
T , AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (°C)
A
A
PIN FUNCTION DESCRIPTION
Pin
1
Name
Description
This pin is the positive supply of the IC. The operating voltage range after startup is 9.0 to 14.5 V.
The output high state (V ) is set by the voltage applied to this pin. With a separate connection to the
V
CC
2
V
C
OH
power source, it can reduce the effects of switching noise on the control circuitry.
3
4
5
Output
Peak currents up to 750 mA can be sourced or sunk, suitable for driving either MOSFET or Bipolar
transistors. This output pin must be shunted by a Schottky diode, 1N5819 or equivalent.
Gnd
The ground pin is a single return, typically connected back to the power source; it is used as control and
power ground.
Foldback Input
The foldback function provides overload protection. Feeding the foldback input with a portion of the V
CC
voltage (1.0 V max) establishes on the system control loop a foldback characteristic allowing a smoother
startup and sharper overload protection. Above 1.0 V the foldback input is inactive.
6
7
Overvoltage
Protection
When the overvoltage protection pin receives a voltage greater than 17 V, the device is disabled and
requires a complete restart sequence. The overvoltage level is programmable.
Current Sense
Input
A voltage proportional to the current flowing into the power switch is connected to this input. The PWM
latch uses this information to terminate the conduction of the output buffer when working in a current
mode of operation. A maximum level of 1.0 V allows either current or voltage mode operation.
8
9
Demagnetization
Detection
A voltage delivered by an auxiliary transformer winding provides to the demagnetization pin an indication
of the magnetization state of the flyback transformer. A zero voltage detection corresponds to complete
core saturation. The demagnetization detection ensures a discontinuous mode of operation. This
function can be inhibited by connecting Pin 8 to Gnd.
Synchronization
Input
The synchronization input pin can be activated with either a negative pulse going from a level between
0.7 V and 3.7 V to Gnd or a positive pulse going from a level between 0.7 V and 3.7 V up to a level
higher than 3.7 V. The oscillator runs free when Pin 9 is connected to Gnd.
10
11
C
The normal mode oscillator frequency is programmed by the capacitor C choice together with the R
ref
T
T
resistance value. C , connected between Pin 10 and Gnd, generates the oscillator sawtooth.
T
Soft–Start/D
max
Voltage–Mode
/
A capacitor, resistor or a voltage source connected to this pin limits the switching duty–cycle. This pin
can be used as a voltage mode control input. By connecting Pin 11 to Ground, the MC44603 can be
shut down.
12
R
A voltage level applied to the R pin determines the output power level at which the oscillator will
P Standby
turn into the reduced frequency mode of operation (i.e. standby mode). An internal hysteresis
comparator allows to return in the normal mode at a higher output power level.
P Standby
13
14
E/A Out
Voltage Feedback
The error amplifier output is made available for loop compensation.
This is the inverting input of the Error Amplifier. It can be connected to the switching power supply output
through an optical (or other) feedback loop.
15
16
R
R
The reduced frequency or standby frequency programming is made by the R
resistance choice.
sets the internal reference current. The internal reference current ranges from 100 µA to 500 µA.
F Standby
ref
F Standby
R
ref
This requires that 5.0 kΩ ≤ R ≤ 25 kΩ.
ref
10
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
MC44603
Figure 27. Starting Behavior and Overvoltage Management
No–Take Over
Loop Failure
>2.0 µs
Startup
Restart
V
CC
CC prot
stup–th
V
V
Normal Mode
V
V
disable1
disable2
V
ref
UVLO1
V
Pin 11
(Soft–Start)
V
OVP Out
Output
I
CC
17 mA
0.3 mA
Figure 28. Demagnetization
V
Demag In
Output
(Pin 3)
V
Demag Out
V
Demag Out
Demagnetization
Management
V
Oscillator
Demag In
Buffer
Output
11
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
MC44603
Figure 29. Switching Off Behavior
V
CC
stup–th
V
V
V
disable1
disable2
V
ref
UVLO1
V
Pin 11
(Soft–Start)
Output
(Pin 3)
I
CC
17 mA
0.3 mA
Figure 30. Oscillator
3.6 V
1.6 V
V
CT
1.0 V
V
Stby
V
Demag Out
V
OSC
V
OSC prot
V
Demag Out
V
Synchronization
Input
OSC prot
Oscillator
V
OSC
C
T
V
Stby
12
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
MC44603
Figure 31. Soft–Start & D
max
V
ref
V
+ 1.6 V
CSS
Internal Clamp
Soft–Start
External Clamp
V
3.6 V
CT
V
low 1.6 V
CT
V
OSC
Output
(Pin 3)
OPERATING DESCRIPTION
Error Amplifier
Figure 32. Error Amplifier Compensation
+
A fully compensated Error Amplifier with access to the
inverting input and output is provided. It features a typical dc
voltage gain of 70 dB. The noninverting input is internally
biased at 2.5 V and is not pinned out. The converter output
voltage is typically divided down and monitored by the
inverting input. The maximum input bias current with the
inverting input at 2.5 V is –2.0 µA. This can cause an output
voltage error that is equal to the product of the input bias
current and the equivalent input divider source resistance.
The Error Amp output (Pin 13) is provided for external loop
compensation. The output voltage is offset by two diode
drops (≈ 1.4 V) and divided by three before it connects to the
inverting input of the Current Sense Comparator. This
guarantees that no drive pulses appear at the Output (Pin 3)
1.0 mA
Compensation
Error
Amplifier
13
R
FB
R
f
2R
C
2.5 V
f
14
R
Voltage
Feedback
Input
Current Sense
Comparator
5
Foldback
Input
Gnd
4
From Power Supply Output
R2
R1
when Pin 13 is at its lowest state (V ). The Error Amp
OL
minimum feedback resistance is limited by the amplifier’s
minimum source current (0.2 mA) and the required output
Current Sense Comparator and PWM Latch
The MC44603 can operate as a current mode controller or
as a voltage mode controller. In current mode operation, the
MC44603 uses the current sense comparator. The output
switch conduction is initiated by the oscillator and terminated
when the peak inductor current reaches the threshold level
voltage (V
OH
clamp level:
) to reach the current sense comparator’s 1.0 V
3.0 (1.0 V) 1.4 V
R
22 k
f(min)
0.2 mA
13
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
MC44603
established by the Error Amplifier output (Pin 13). Thus, the
Figure 34. Oscillator
error signal controls the peak inductor current on a
cycle–by–cycle basis. The Current Sense Comparator PWM
Latch ensures that only a single pulse appears at the Source
Output during the appropriate oscillator cycle.
V
ref
0.4 I
ref
C
VOS prot
V
OSC prot
The inductor current is converted to a voltage by inserting
1.0 V
1.6 V
V
the ground referenced sense resistor R in series with the
OSC
S
C
power switch Q1.
OSC Low
R
Q
C
< 1.6 V
T
This voltage is monitored by the Current Sense Input
(Pin 7) and compared to a level derived from the Error Amp
output. The peak inductor current under normal operating
conditions is controlled by the voltage at Pin 13 where:
L
S
OSC
Discharge
R Q
C
OSC High
Synchro
10
Disch
S
C
T
3.6 V
V
Demag
Out
C
OSC Regul
V
(Pin 13) – 1.4 V
3 R
I
pk
0
1
S
The Current Sense Comparator threshold is internally
clamped to 1.0 V. Therefore, the maximum peak switch
current is:
1
0
I
Regul
I
Discharge
1.0 V
I
pk(max)
R
S
Figure 35. Simplified Block Oscillator
Figure 33. Output Totem Pole
V
ref
V
in
V
C
I
C
Charge
OSC Regul
14
0.4 I
ref
UVLO
1.6 V
V
10
OSC prot
R2
Q1
0
1
V
0: Discharge Phase
1: Charge Phase
Demag Out
3
C
S
R
R
T
R3
Thermal
Protection
Q
1N5819
I
Discharge
I
Regul
PWM
Latch
Current
Sense
Substrate
R
Two comparators are used to generate the sawtooth. They
compare the C voltage to the oscillator valley (1.6 V) and
Current Sense
Comparator
7
R
C
S
T
peak reference (3.6 V) values. A latch (L ) memorizes the
disch
oscillator state.
In addition to the charge and discharge cycles, a third
state can exist. This phase can be produced when, at the end
of the discharge phase, the oscillator has to wait for a
synchronization or demagnetization pulse before restarting.
Oscillator
The oscillator is a very accurate sawtooth generator that
can work either in free mode or in synchronization mode. In
this second mode, the oscillator stops in the low state and
waits for a demagnetization or a synchronization pulse to
start a new charging cycle.
During this delay, the C voltage must remain equal to the
T
oscillator valley value ( 1.6 V). So, a third regulated current
sourceI
controlledbyC ,isconnectedtoC in
Regul
OSCRegul T
• The Sawtooth Generation:
In the steady state, the oscillator voltage varies between
about 1.6 V and 3.6 V.
order to perfectly compensate the (0.4 I ) current source
that permanently supplies C .
The maximum duty cycle is 80%. Indeed, the on–time is
allowed only during the oscillator capacitor charge.
ref
T
The sawtooth is obtained by charging and discharging an
external capacitor C (Pin 10), using two distinct current
T
Consequently:
sources = I
and I
. In fact, C is permanently
charge
discharge T
T
T
= C x ∆V/I
charge
T charge
connected to the charging current source (0.4 I ) and so,
the discharge current source has to be higher than the
ref
= C x ∆V/I
discharge
discharge
T
where:
charge current to be able to decrease the C voltage (refer
T
T
is the oscillator charge time
charge
∆V is the oscillator peak–to–peak value
is the oscillator charge current
to Figure 35).
This condition is performed, its value being (2.0 I ) in
ref
in standby mode).
I
charge
normal working and (0.4 I + 0.5 I
ref
F Stby
and
T
is the oscillator discharge time
is the oscillator discharge current
discharge
discharge
I
14
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
MC44603
So, as f = 1 /(T
charge
+ T
) when the Regul
A diode D has been incorporated to clamp the positive
applied voltages while an active clamping system limits the
negative voltages to typically –0.33 V. This negative clamp
level is sufficient to avoid the substrate diode switching on.
In addition to the comparator, a latch system has been
incorporated in order to keep the demagnetization block
output level low as soon as a voltage lower than 65 mV is
detected and as long as a new restart is produced (high level
on the output) (refer to Figure 38). This process prevents
ringing on the signal at Pin 8 from disrupting the
demagnetization detection. This results in a very accurate
demagnetization detection.
S
discharge
arrangement is not activated, the operating frequency can be
obtained from the graph in Figure 1.
NOTE: The output is disabled by the signal V
when
OSC prot
V
is lower than 1.0 V (refer to Figure 30).
CT
Synchronization and Demagnetization Blocks
To enable the output, the L latch complementary
OSC
output must be low. Reset is activated by the L
during the discharge phase. To restart, the L
(refer to Figure 34). To perform this, the demagnetization
signal and the synchronization must be low.
output
disch
has to be set
OSC
The demagnetization block output is also directly
connected to the output, disabling it during the
demagnetization phase (refer to Figure 33).
• Synchronization:
The synchronization block consists of two comparators
that compare the synchronization signal (external) to 0.7 and
3.7 V (typical values). The comparators’ outputs are
connected to the input of an AND gate so that the final output
of the block should be :
NOTE: The demagnetization detection can be inhibited by
connecting Pin 8 to the ground.
Figure 38. Demagnetization Block
– high when 0.7 < SYNC < 3.7 V
– low in the other cases.
Oscillator
Output
R
Q
Buffer
As a low level is necessary to enable the output,
synchronized low level pulses have to be generated on the
output of the synchronization block. If synchronization is not
required, the Pin 9 must be connected to the ground.
Demag
S
V
CC
Negative Active
Clamping System
Figure 36. Synchronization
V
Demag Out
3.7 V
8
C Dem
65 mV
Oscillator
Sync
9
D
Standby
Output Buffer
0.7 V
• Power Losses in a Classical Flyback Structure
Figure 39. Power Losses in a Classical
Flyback Structure
• Demagnetization:
In flyback applications, a good means to detect magnetic
saturation of the transformer core, or demagnetization,
consists in using the auxiliary winding voltage. This voltage is:
Clamping
Network
V
in
R
ICL
– negative during the on–time,
– positive during the off–time,
+
+
AC Line
– equal to zero for the dead–time with generally some
– ringing (refer to Figure 37).
R
startup
That is why, the MC44603 demagnetization detection
consists of a comparator that can compare the auxiliary
winding voltage to a reference that is typically equal to
65 mV.
V
CC
MC44603
R
S
Figure 37. Demagnetization Detection
Snubber
In a classical flyback (as depicted in Figure 39), the
standby losses mainly consist of the energy waste due to:
0.75 V
Zero Current
Detection
V
Pin 8
– the startup resistor R
startup
P
startup
– the consumption of the IC and
– the power switch control
P
control
65 mV
– the inrush current limitation resistor R
P
ICL
ICL
– the switching losses in the power switch
– the snubber and clamping network
P
SW
–0.33 V
P
SN–CLN
P
is nearly constant and is equal to:
startup
On–Time
Off–Time
Dead–Time
2
R
startup
(V –V
in CC
)
15
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
MC44603
P
only depends on the current drawn from the mains.
The V
threshold level is typically equal to
ICL
CS
)/3] and if the corresponding power threshold is
Losses can be considered constant. This waste of energy
decreases when the standby losses are reduced.
[(V
R P Stby
labelled P
P
:
thL
P
increases when the oscillator frequency is
V
control
2
R P Stby
3.0 R
S
0.5 x L x
x f
S
thL
increased (each switching requires some energy to turn on
the power switch).
And as:
P
and P are proportional to the switching
SW
frequency.
SN–CLN
V
R
x 0.4 x I
x 0.4 x
ref
R P Stby
P Stby
Consequently, standby losses can be minimized by
decreasing the switching frequency as much as possible.
The MC44603 was designed to operate at a standby
frequency lower than the normal working one.
V
ref
ref
R
R P Stby
R
• Standby Power Calculations with MC44603
During a switching period, the energy drawn by the
transformer during the on–time to be transferred to the output
during the off–time, is equal to:
10.6 x R x R
P
S
ref
thL
L x f
R
x
P Stby
V
ref
Thus, when the power drawn by the converter decreases,
decreases and when V becomes lower than [V
S
V
CS
x (V
1
2
CS
CS–th
2
E
x L x I
pk
)/3], the standby mode is activated. This results in
R P Stby
an oscillator discharge current reduction in order to increase
the oscillator period and to diminish the switching frequency.
As it is represented in Figure 40, the (0.8 x I ) current
where:
– L is the transformer primary inductor,
– l is the inductor peak current.
pk
ref
source is disconnected and is replaced by a lower value one
(0.25 x I
).
F Stby
Input power is labelled P :
in
2
0.5 x L x I x f
pk
S
P
Where: I
= V /R
ref F Stby
in
F Stby
where f is the normal working switching frequency.
S
In order to prevent undesired mode switching when power
is close to the threshold value, a hysteresis that is
Also,
proportional to V
is incorporated creating a second
R P Stby
thresholdlevelthatisequalto[2.5x(V
V
R
CS
I
pk
V
)/3].When
CS
RPStby
S
the standby comparator output is high, a second current
where R is the resistor used to measure the power switch
S
source (0.6 x I ) is connected to Pin 12.
ref
current.
Finally, the standby mode function can be shown
graphically in Figure 41.
2
Thus, the input power is proportional to V
(V
being
CS
CS
the internal current sense comparator input).
That is why the standby detection is performed by creating
a V threshold. An internal current source (0.4 x I ) sets
the threshold level by connecting a resistor to Pin 12.
As depicted in Figure 40, the standby comparator
Figure 41. Dynamic Mode Change
CS
ref
P
in
f
S
noninverting input voltage is typically equal to (3.0 x V
+ V )
CS
F
while the inverter input value is (V
+ V ).
R P Stby
F
Figure 40. Standby
Normal
Working
Oscillator
Discharge
Current
V
V
ref ref
f
Stby
V
V
ref ref
0.6 I
1
P
thH
ref
0.4 I
0.8 I
ref
ref
V
0.25
I
ref
F Stby
R
0.2 I
P Stby
ref
0
Standby
P
thL
V
CS
12
1
0
C
Stby
[(V
R P Stby
)/3]
2.5 x [(V )/3]
R P Stby
1
13
I
I
Discharge
Discharge/2
This curve shows that there are two power threshold
levels:
ER
AmpOut
2R
1R
C. S. Comparator
Current Mirror X2
– the low one:
– the high one:
P
fixed by V
2
thL
R P Stby
f
Stby
P
(2.5) x P
x
f
thH
thL
f
S
Stby
P
6.25 x P
x
thH
thL
f
S
16
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
MC44603
Figure 45. Foldback Characteristic
Maximum Duty Cycle and Soft–Start Control
Maximum duty cycle can be limited to values less than
80% by utilizing the D and soft–start control. As depicted
in Figure 42, the Pin 11 voltage is compared to the oscillator
sawtooth.
I
V
pk max
out
max
V
O
Nominal
Figure 42. D
and Soft–Start
max
New Startup
Sequence Initiated
V
ref
Output
Control
0.4 I
ref
V
CC
disable2
V
I
11
out
Output
Drive
C
D
Dmax
max
Overload
D
2.4 V
Z
V
OSC
NOTE: Foldback is disabled by connecting Pin 5 to V
.
CC
Soft–Start
Capacitor
Oscillator
Overvoltage Protection
The overvoltage arrangement consists of a comparator
that compares the Pin 6 voltage to V
Figure 46).
(2.5 V) (refer to
ref
Figure 43. Maximum Duty Cycle Control
If no external component is connected to Pin 6, the
comparator noninverting input voltage is nearly equal to:
Pin 11
Voltage
V
CT
(Pin 10)
2.0 k
11.6 k
x V
CC
2.0 k
D
max
The comparator output is high when:
2.0 k
11.6 k
Using the internal current source (0.4 I ), the Pin 11
ref
x V
2.5 V
CC
2.0 k
voltage can easily be set by connecting a resistor to this pin.
If a capacitor is connected to Pin 11, the voltage increases
from 0 to its maximum value progressively (refer to Figure
44), thereby, implementing a soft–start. The soft–start
V
17 V
CC
A delay latch (2.0 µs) is incorporated in order to sense
overvoltages that last at least 2.0 µs.
If this condition is achieved, V , the delay latch
output, becomes high. As this level is brought back to the
input through an OR gate, V remains high (disabling
capacitor is discharged internally when the V
voltage drops below 9.0 V.
(Pin 1)
CC
OVP out
OVP out
Figure 44. Different Possible Uses of Pin 11
the IC output) until V is disabled.
ref
Consequently, when an overvoltage longer than 2.0 µs is
Pin 11
RI
R Connected to Pin 11
I = 0.4 I
C
C // R
detected, the output is disabled until V
then re–applied.
is connected after V has reached steady state
in order to limit the circuit startup consumption.
is removed and
CC
V
RI
V
Z
ref
Z
The V
CC
ref
τ
= RC
The overvoltage section is enabled 5.0 µs after the
regulator has started to allow the reference V to stabilize.
ref
If no external component is connected to Pin 11, an
internal zener diode clamps the Pin 11 voltage to a value V
that is higher than the oscillator peak value, disabling
soft–start and maximum duty cycle limitation.
By connecting an external resistor to Pin 6, the threshold
Z
V
level can be changed.
CC
Figure 46. Overvoltage Protection
Foldback
V
ref
V
As depicted in Fgure 32, the foldback input (Pin 5) can be
CC
used to reduce the maximum V
protection. The foldback arrangement is a programmable
peak current limitation.
value, providing foldback
CS
Out
Delay
In
5.0 µs
τ
T
If the output load is increased, the required converter peak
2.5 V
0
current becomes higher and V
increases until it reaches its
CS
Enable
11.6 k
maximum value (normally, V
= 1.0 V).
CS max
V
OVP
6
V
OVP out
Then, if the output load keeps on increasing, the system is
unable to supply enough energy to maintain the output
voltages in regulation. Consequently, the decreasing output
can be applied to Pin 5, in order to limit the maximum peak
current. In this way, the well known foldback characteristic
can be obtained (refer to Figure 45).
τ
In
Out
C
External
Resistor
OVLO
2.0 k
Delay
2.0 µs
2.5 V
(If V
= 1.0,
OVP out
(V
)
ref
the Output is Disabled)
17
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
MC44603
As depicted in Figure 47, an undervoltage lockout has
been incorporated to garantee that the IC is fully functional
before allowing system operation.
Undervoltage Lockout Section
Figure 47. V
Management
CC
This block particularly, produces V (Pin 16 voltage) and
ref
I
that is determined by the resistor R connected between
ref
ref
Pin 16 and the ground:
R
R
ref
F Stby
V
R
ref
ref
I
where V
2.5 V (typically)
ref
ref
Pin 15
Pin 16
V
Another resistor is connected to the Reference Block:
ref enable
startup
1
R
that is used to fix the standby frequency.
F Stby
V
C
CC
In addition to this, V
is compared to a second threshold
). UVLO1 is
CC
level that is nearly equal to 9.0 V (V
1
disable1
generated to reset the maximum duty cycle and soft–start
block disabling the output stage as soon as V becomes
Reference Block:
Voltage and Current
Sources Generator
0
CC
. In this way, the circuit is reset and made
1
0
(V , I , ...)
lower than V
ref ref
disable1
V
Startup
14.5 V
ready for the next startup, before the reference block is
disabled (refer to Figure 29). Finally, the upper limit for the
minimum normal operating voltage is 9.4 V (maximum value
disable2
7.5 V
C
UVLO1
UVLO1
of V
) and so the minimum hysteresis is 4.2 V.
disable1
(to Soft–Start)
((V
)
= 13.6 V).
stup–th min
V
disable1
9.0 V
The large hysteresis and the low startup current of the
MC44603 make it ideally suited for off–line converter
applications where efficient bootstrap startup techniques are
required.
18
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
MC44603
Figure 48. 250 W Input Power Off–Line Flyback Converter with MOSFET Switch
185 Vac
to
270 Vac
RFI
Filter
R1
1.0/5.0 W
C3
1.0 nF/1.0 kV
C4 ... C7
1.0 nF/1000 V
R3
4.7 M
D1 ... D4
1N4007
C1
220
µF
R20
22 k
L2
22.5
C32 220 pF
D8
5.0 W
µ
H
150 V/0.6 A
C31
C17
47 nF
D5
1N4934
R2
68 k/2.0 W
MR856
C30
C33
100
100
µF
µ
F
0.1 µF
C2
220
µF
Sync
D7
M856
L1
1.0 µH
C29 220 pF
C16
R12
30 V/2.0 A
C28
C8 2.2 nF
C9 1.0 nF
100 pF 27 k
9
8
D9
MR852
D6
1N4148
C27
1000
R9 1.0 k
0.1 µF
L
L
p
µF
aux
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
R5
1.2 k
C15
1.0 nF
C14
C10 1.0 µF
4.7 nF
C26 220 pF
R7 180 k
14 V/2.0 A
C24
R6
150
R8
15 k
R15
5.6 k
D10
MR852
C25
1000
C11
1.0 nF
µF
0.1 µF
C18
2.2 nF
D12
MR856
MTP6N60E
D15 1N5819
R10 10
R15
22 k
R26
1.0 k
C23 220 pF
7.0 V/2.0 A
C22
R11 39
D11
MR852
R12 22
C21
1000
R14
0.2
R13
1.0 k
R17
22 k
µF
0.1 µF
R18
27 k
R19
10 k
C13
100 nF
R24
270
R23
147.5 k
MOC8101
R21
10 k
C19
100 nF
D14
1N4733
C20
33 nF
TL431
R25
1.0 k
C12
6.8 nF
R22
2.5 k
19
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
MC44603
250 W Input Power Fly–Back Converter
185 V – 270 V Mains Range
MC44603P & MTP6N60E
Tests
Conditions
Results
Line Regulation
V
= 185 Vac to 270 Vac
= 50 Hz
= 0.6 A
= 2.0 A
= 2.0 A
= 2.0 A
in
F
mains
150 V
130 V
114 V
7.0 V
I
I
I
I
10 mV
10 mV
10 mV
20 mV
out
out
out
out
Load Regulation
150 V
V
= 220 Vac
= 0.3 A to 0.6 A
in
I
50 mV
out
Cross Regulation
V
in
= 220 Vac
I
I
I
I
(150 V) = 0.6 A
(30 V) = 0 A to 2.0 A
(14 V) = 2.0 A
(7.0 V) = 2.0 A
out
out
out
out
150 V
< 1.0 mV
81%
Efficiency
V
= 220 Vac, P = 250 W
in
in
in
Standby Mode
P input
V
= 220 Vac, P
= 0 W
3.3 W
out
Switching Frequency
Output Short Circuit
Startup
20 kHz fully stable
Safe on all outputs
Vac = 160 V
P
P
= 270 W
out (max)
= 250 W
in
20
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
MC44603
Figure 49. 125 W Input Power Off–Line Flyback Converter with Bipolar Switch
185 Vac
to
270 Vac
RFI
Filter
R1
1.0/5 W
C3
1.0 nF/1.0 kV
C4 ... C7
1.0 nF/1000 V
R3
4.7 M
D1 ... D4
1N4007
C1
100 µF
C32 220 pF
120 V/0.5 A
C31
D8
MR856
L1
1.0
D5
1N4934
C30
100
R2
68 k/2 W
µ
H
µ
F
0.1 µF
C2
220
µF
V
CC
C29 220 pF
C16
100 pF 27 k
R4
28 V/1.0 A
C28
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
D9
MR852
C27
1000
D6
1N4148
C9 1.0 nF
µ
F
0.1 µF
R9 1.0 k
L
L
p
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
aux
R5
1.2 k
C15
1.0 nF
C14
C10 1.0 µF
4.7 nF
C26 220 pF
R7 180 k
15 V/1.0 A
C24
R6
150
R8
15 k
R15
5.6 k
D10
MR852
C18
2.2 nF
C25
1000
0.1 µF
µ
F
C11
1.0 nF
D13 1N4728
D15 1N5819
R10 10
MJF18006
D12
MR856
R16
22 k
C23 220 pF
C34 1.0 µF
8.0 V/1.0 A
C22
R11 39
D11
MR852
C21
1000
R14
0.33
R13
1.0 k
R17
22 k
µ
F
0.1 µF
C13
R18
27 k
R19
10 k
100 nF
R24
270
R23
117.5 k
MOC8101
R21
10 k
C19
100 nF
D14
1N4733
C20
33 nF
TL431
R25
1.0 k
C12
6.8 nF
R22
2.5 k
21
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
MC44603
125 W Input Power Fly–Back Converter
185 V – 270 V Mains Range
MC44603P & MJF18006
Tests
Conditions
Results
Line Regulation
V
= 185 Vac to 270 Vac
= 60 Hz
= 0.5 A
= 1.0 A
= 1.0 A
= 1.0 A
in
F
mains
120 V
128 V
115 V
8.0 V
I
I
I
I
10 mV
10 mV
10 mV
20 mV
out
out
out
out
Load Regulation
120 V
V
= 220 Vac
= 0.2 A to 0.5 A
in
I
= 0.05 V
out
Cross Regulation
V
in
= 220 Vac
I
I
I
I
(120 V) = 0.5 A
(28 V) = 0 A to 1.0 A
(15 V) = 1.0 A
(8.0 V) = 1.0 A
out
out
out
out
120 V
< 1.0 mV
85%
Efficiency
V
= 220 Vac, P = 125 W
in
in
in
Standby Mode
P input
V
= 220 Vac, P
= 0 W
2.46 W
out
Switching Frequency
Output Short Circuit
Startup
20 kHz fully stable
Safe on all outputs
Vac = 150 V
P
P
= 140 W
out (max)
= 125 W
in
22
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
MC44603
OUTLINE DIMENSIONS
P SUFFIX
PLASTIC PACKAGE
CASE 648–08
ISSUE R
NOTES:
–A–
1. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI
Y14.5M, 1982.
2. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: INCH.
3. DIMENSION L TO CENTER OF LEADS WHEN
FORMED PARALLEL.
4. DIMENSION B DOES NOT INCLUDE MOLD FLASH.
5. ROUNDED CORNERS OPTIONAL.
16
1
9
8
B
S
INCHES
MILLIMETERS
DIM
A
B
C
D
F
MIN
MAX
0.770
0.270
0.175
0.021
0.70
MIN
18.80
6.35
3.69
0.39
1.02
MAX
19.55
6.85
4.44
0.53
1.77
F
0.740
0.250
0.145
0.015
0.040
C
L
SEATING
PLANE
–T–
G
H
J
K
L
0.100 BSC
0.050 BSC
2.54 BSC
1.27 BSC
K
M
0.008
0.015
0.130
0.305
10
0.21
0.38
3.30
7.74
10
H
J
0.110
0.295
0
2.80
7.50
0
G
D 16 PL
M
S
0.020
0.040
0.51
1.01
M
M
0.25 (0.010)
T
A
DW SUFFIX
PLASTIC PACKAGE
CASE 751G–02
(SOP–16L)
ISSUE A
–A–
NOTES:
1. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI
Y14.5M, 1982.
16
9
2. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: MILLIMETER.
3. DIMENSIONS A AND B DO NOT INCLUDE MOLD
PROTRUSION.
4. MAXIMUM MOLD PROTRUSION 0.15 (0.006) PER
SIDE.
5. DIMENSION D DOES NOT INCLUDE DAMBAR
PROTRUSION. ALLOWABLE DAMBAR
PROTRUSION SHALL BE 0.13 (0.005) TOTAL IN
EXCESS OF D DIMENSION AT MAXIMUM
MATERIAL CONDITION.
–B–
8X P
M
M
0.010 (0.25)
B
1
8
J
16X D
MILLIMETERS
INCHES
M
S
S
0.010 (0.25)
T
A
B
DIM
A
B
C
D
MIN
10.15
7.40
2.35
0.35
0.50
MAX
10.45
7.60
2.65
0.49
0.90
MIN
MAX
0.411
0.299
0.104
0.019
0.035
0.400
0.292
0.093
0.014
0.020
F
R X 45
F
G
J
K
M
P
R
1.27 BSC
0.050 BSC
0.25
0.10
0
0.32
0.25
7
0.010
0.004
0
0.012
0.009
7
C
–T–
M
10.05
0.25
10.55
0.75
0.395
0.010
0.415
0.029
SEATING
14X G
K
PLANE
23
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
MC44603
Motorola reserves the right to make changes without further notice to any products herein. Motorola makes no warranty, representation or guarantee regarding
the suitability of its products for any particular purpose, nor does Motorola assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit, and
specificallydisclaims any and all liability, including without limitation consequential or incidental damages. “Typical” parameters which may be provided in Motorola
datasheetsand/orspecificationscananddovaryindifferentapplicationsandactualperformancemayvaryovertime. Alloperatingparameters,including“Typicals”
must be validated for each customer application by customer’s technical experts. Motorola does not convey any license under its patent rights nor the rights of
others. Motorola products are not designed, intended, or authorized for use as components in systems intended for surgical implant into the body, or other
applicationsintended to support or sustain life, or for any other application in which the failure of the Motorola product could create a situation where personal injury
ordeathmayoccur. ShouldBuyerpurchaseoruseMotorolaproductsforanysuchunintendedorunauthorizedapplication,BuyershallindemnifyandholdMotorola
and its officers, employees, subsidiaries, affiliates, and distributors harmless against all claims, costs, damages, and expenses, and reasonable attorney fees
arising out of, directly or indirectly, any claim of personal injury or death associated with such unintended or unauthorized use, even if such claim alleges that
Motorola was negligent regarding the design or manufacture of the part. Motorola and
Opportunity/Affirmative Action Employer.
are registered trademarks of Motorola, Inc. Motorola, Inc. is an Equal
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MC44603/D
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