TB6575FNG_06 [TOSHIBA]
PWM Sensorless Controller for 3-Phase Full-Wave BLDC Motors; PWM控制传感器用于3相全波无刷直流电动机
| 型号： | TB6575FNG_06 |
| 厂家： | 
TOSHIBA |
| 描述： | PWM Sensorless Controller for 3-Phase Full-Wave BLDC Motors |
| 文件： | 总14页 (文件大小：240K) |
| 中文： | 中文翻译 | 下载： | 下载PDF数据表文档文件 |
TB6575FNG
TOSHIBA CMOS Integrated Circuit Silicon Monolithic
TB6575FNG
PWM Sensorless Controller for 3-Phase Full-Wave BLDC Motors
The TB6575FNG provides sensorless commutation and PWM
current control for 3-phase full-wave BLDC motors. It controls
rotation speed by changing a PWM duty cycle by analog voltage.
Features
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
3-phase full-wave sensorless drive
PWM chopper drive
PWM duty cycle control by analog input
20-mA current sink capability on PWM output pins
Overcurrent protection
Weight: 0.14 g (typ.)
Forward/reverse rotation
Lead angle control (7.5° and 15°)
Overlap commutation
Rotation speed sensing signal
DC excitation mode to improve startup characteristic
DC excitation time and forced commutation time for startup operation can be changed.
Forced commutation frequency can be selected. (f /(6 × 216), f /(6 × 217), f /(6 × 218) )
XT
XT
XT
Output polarity switching (P-channel + N-channel, N-channel + N-channel)
The following conditions apply to solderability:
*Solderability
1. Use of Sn-37Pb solder bath
*solder bath temperature = 230ºC
*dipping time = 5 seconds
*number of times = once
*use of R-type flux
2. Use of Sn-3.0Ag-0.5Cu solder bath
*solder bath temperature = 245ºC
*dipping time = 5 seconds
*number of times = once
*use of R-type flux
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2006-3-6
TB6575FNG
Block Diagram
Duty
19
V
OS FG_OUT
DD
21
3
7
Startup time
setting
6-bit AD
PWM
V
5
SP
13 OUT_UP
15 OUT_VP
17 OUT_WP
14 OUT_UN
16 OUT_VN
18 OUT_WN
converter
control
SC 2
START 8
IP 9
PWM
generator
DC excitation
control circuit
Forced
commutation
frequency setting
F
24
4
Timing
control
ST
Maximum
commutation
frequency setting
F
MAX
Overcurrent
protection
22 OC
Lead angle
setting
LA 12
CW_CCW 6
SEL_LAP 20
Clock
generation
Position
23 WAVE
recognition
10
11
1
X
X
GND
Tout
Tin
Pin Assignment
GND
SC
1
24
F
ST
2
23
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
15
14
13
WAVE
OC
OS
3
F
MAX
4
V
DD
V
5
SEL_LAP
Duty
SP
CW_CCW
FG_OUT
START
IP
6
7
OUT_WN
OUT_WP
OUT_VN
OUT_VP
OUT_UN
OUT_UP
8
9
X
10
11
12
Tout
X
Tin
LA
2
2006-3-6
TB6575FNG
Pin Description
Pin No.
Symbol
I/O
⎯
I
Description
1
2
GND
SC
Ground pin
Connection pin for a capacitor to set a startup commutation time and duty cycle ramp-up
time
Select the polarity of transistors.
High or open: High-side transistor = P-channel (active low)
Low-side transistor = N-channel (active low)
: High-side transistor = N-channel (active low)
Low-side transistor = N-channel (active low)
3
OS
I
Low
The pin has a pull-up resistor.
Set an upper limit of the maximum commutation frequency.
<Fst=Low>
F
F
=High or Open , Maximum commutation frequency
f
= f / (6×211)
MX XT
MAX
MAX
=Low , Maximum commutation frequency f
= f /(6 × 212)
XT
MX
4
5
F
I
I
MAX
<Fst=High or Middle>
F
MAX
F
MAX
=High or Open , Maximum commutation frequency
f
= f / (6×28)
XT
MX
=Low , Maximum commutation frequency f
= f /(6 × 29)
MX
XT
The pin has a pull-up resistor.
Duty cycle control input
0 ≤ V ≤ V (L): Output off
SP AD
V
V
V
(L) ≤ V ≤ V (H): Set the PWM duty cycle according to the analog input.
SP AD
(H) ≤ V ≤ V : Duty cycle = 100% (31/32)
SP DD
SP
AD
AD
The pin has a pull-down resistor.
Rotation direction input
High
: Reverse rotation (U → W → V)
6
7
CW_CCW
FG_OUT
I
Low or open : Forward rotation (U → V → W)
The pin has a pull-down resistor.
Rotation speed sensing output
The pin is low at startup or upon a detection of a fault. This pin drives three pulses per
rotation (3 ppr) based on the back-EMF (electromotive force) sensing. (In the case of 4
pole motor, 6 pulse output per rotation.)
O
8
9
START
IP
O
I
DC excitation time setting pins
When V ≥ 1 V (typ.), the START pin goes low to start DC excitation.
SP
After the IP pin reaches V /2, the TB6575FNG moves from DC excitation to forced
DD
commutation mode.
10
11
X
⎯
⎯
T
Connection pins for a crystal oscillator
These pins have a feedback resistor.
X
Tin
Lead angle control input
LA = Low or open : Lead angle of 7.5°
12
LA
I
LA = high
: Lead angle of 15°
The pin has a pull-down resistor.
PWM output signal for the high-side (positive-side) transistor driving motor phase U
The PWM polarity can be specified by pin 3.
13
14
15
16
17
18
OUT_UP
OUT_UN
OUT_VP
OUT_VN
OUT_WP
OUT_WN
O
O
O
O
O
O
PWM output signal for the low-side (negative-side) transistor driving motor phase U
This signal is active high.
PWM output signal for the high-side (positive-side) transistor driving motor phase V
The PWM polarity can be specified by pin 3.
PWM output signal for the low-side (negative-side) transistor driving motor phase V
This signal is active high.
PWM output signal for the high-side (positive-side) transistor driving motor phase W
The PWM polarity can be specified by pin 3.
PWM output signal for the low-side (negative-side) transistor driving motor phase W
This signal is active high.
PWM output monitor pin
19
20
Duty
O
I
This pin drives PWM output whose duty cycle corresponds to the V input. It also
SP
reflects the information at the OC pin.
Overlap commutation select pin
SEL_LAP
Low: Overlap commutation
High: 120° commutation
The pin has a pull-up resistor.
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2006-3-6
TB6575FNG
Pin No.
21
Symbol
I/O
Description
V
⎯
5-V power supply pin
DD
Overcurrent detection input
22
23
OC
I
I
The all PWM output signals are stopped when OC ≥ 0.5 (V).
The pin has a pull-up resistor.
Position sensing input
WAVE
3-phase voltage is applied to this pin.
The pin has a pull-up resistor.
Forced commutation frequency select pin
High or open: Forced commutation frequency f = f /(6 × 216)
ST
XT
24
F
ST
I
Middle
: Forced commutation frequency f = f /(6 × 217)
ST XT
Low
: Forced commutation frequency f = f /(6 × 218)
ST XT
The pin has a pull-up resistor.
Functional Description
1. Sensorless drive
On receiving an analog voltage command input, the rotor is aligned to a known position in DC excitation
mode, and then the rotation is started in forced commutation mode by applying a PWM signal to the motor.
As the rotor moves, back-EMF is acquired.
When a signal indicating the polarity of each of the phase voltages including back-EMF is applied to the
position signal input pin, automatic switching occurs from the forced commutation PWM signal to the
natural commutation PWM signal (which is generated based on the back-EMF sensing) to drive a BLDC
motor in sensorless mode.
2. Startup operation
When the motor is stationary, there is no back-EMF and the motor position is unknown. For this reason,
the rotor is aligned to a known position in DC excitation mode and then the rotation is started in forced
commutation mode. An external capacitor sets the times that the TB6575FNG stays in DC excitation and
forced commutation modes. Those times vary depending on the motor type and motor loading. Thus, they
must be adjusted experimentally.
V
≥ 1.0 (V)
SP
V
(5 pin)
SP
V
SP
V
T
AD (L)
SC (2 pin)
UP
T
UP
(typ.) = C1 × V /3.8 µA (s)
SP
START_SP (8 pin)
V
DD
IP (9 pin)
V
DD
2
(a) (b)
GND
V
5
2
SP
TB6575FNG
(a): DC excitation period : T
(b): Forced commutation period
(typ.) = 0.69 × C1 × R1 (s)
FIX
C
1
9
8
R
1
C
2
4
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TB6575FNG
The rotor is aligned to a known position in DC excitation mode for period (a), during which the IP pin voltage
decreases to half V level. The time constant for the period is determined by C and R . After that, switching
DD
1
２
occurs to forced commutation mode represented by (b). The duty cycles for DC excitation and forced commutation
modes are determined according to the SC pin voltage. When the number of turn of a motor is time more than
forced commutation frequency, the motor switches to sensorless mode. The duty cycle for sensorless mode is
determined by the V value.
SP
3. Forced commutation frequency
The forced commutation frequency for startup operation is set as follows.
The optimal frequency varies depending on the motor type and motor loading. Thus, It must be adjusted
experimentally.
F
ST
F
ST
F
ST
= High or Open: Forced commutation frequency f = f /(6 × 216)
ST XT
= Middle
= Low
: Forced commutation frequency f = f /(6 × 217)
ST XT
: Forced commutation frequency f = f /(6 × 218)
ST
XT
T
FIX
* f : Crystal oscillator frequency
XT
4. PWM frequency
The PWM frequency is determined by an external oscillator.
PWM frequency (f ) = f /256
PWM
XT
* f : Crystal oscillator frequency
XT
The PWM frequency must be sufficiently high, compared with the electrical frequency of the motor and
within the switching performance of the transistors.
OS = High or Open
PWM signal driving
high-side transistors
PWM signal driving
low-side transistors
Motor pin voltage
5. Speed control V pin
SP
An analog voltage applied to the V pin is converted by the 6-bit AD converter to control the duty cycle
SP
Duty cycle
of the PWM.
100%
0 ≤ V
≤ V
(L)
DUTY
AD
→ Duty cycle = 0%
(L) ≤ V ≤ V (H)
AD
V
AD
DUTY
→ Figure at the right (1/64 to 63/64)
(H) ≤ V ≤ V
V
AD
DUTY
DD
→ Duty cycle = 100% (63/64)
0%
V
SP
V
(L)
V
(H)
AD
AD
1 V (typ.)
4 V (typ.)
5
2006-3-6
TB6575FNG
6. Fault protection
When a signal indicating the following faults is applied to the WAVE pin, the output transistors are
disabled. After about one second, the motor is restarted. This operation is repeated as long as a fault is
detected.
•
•
The maximum commutation frequency is exceeded.
The rotation speed falls below the forced commutation frequency.
V
SP
= 1 V or higher
V
SP
(Pin5)
When the SC pin capacitor = 0.47 µF
and V = 4 V
Output pin
ON
OFF
ON
SP
= CSC ×(VSP −1)
(a): T
OFF
i
START (Pin8)
0.47 µF×(4 −1)
1.5µA
=
= 940 ms (typ.)
IP (Pin9)
(a)
SC (Pin9)
V
SP
1 V
Fault detected
7. Motor position detection error
A position detection is synchronized with the PWM signal generated in the IC. Thus, a position detection
error relative to the PWM signal frequency may occur. Keep this in mind especially when the TB6575FNG
is used for a high-speed motor.
A detection is performed on the falling edge of the PWM signal. An error is recognized when the pin
voltage exceeds the reference voltage.
Detection error time < 1/f
f : PWM frequency = f /256
f
: Crystal oscillator frequency
XT
p
p
XT
Output ON
Internal PWM signal
Pin voltage
Pin voltage
Reference voltage
Position sensing input
Ideal detection timing
Actual detection timing
6
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TB6575FNG
8. Lead angle control
The motor runs with a lead angle of 0° in forced commutation mode at startup. After switching to natural
commutation, the lead angle automatically changes to the value set by the LA pin.
U
V
W
Back-EMF
PWM signal
30°
22.5°
15°
(1) Lead angle of 0°
OUT_UP
OUT_UN
OUT_VP
OUT_VN
OUT_WP
OUT_WN
(2) Lead angle of 7.5°
OUT_UP
OUT_UN
OUT_VP
OUT_VN
OUT_WP
OUT_WN
(3) Lead angle of 15°
OUT_UP
OUT_UN
OUT_VP
OUT_VN
OUT_WP
OUT_WN
*OS = High
9. Overlap commutation
When SEL_LAP = high, the TB6575FNG is configured to allow for 120° commutation. When SEL_LAP =
low, it is configured to allow for overlap commutation. In overlap commutation, there is an overlap period
during which both the outgoing transistor and incoming transistor are conducting (as shown in the shaded
areas). This period varies according to the lead angle.
U
V
W
Back-EMF
PWM signal
(1) Lead angle of 7.5°
OUT_UP
OUT_UN
OUT_VP
OUT_VN
OUT_WP
OUT_WN
(2) Lead angle of 15°
OUT_UP
OUT_UN
OUT_VP
OUT_VN
OUT_WP
OUT_WN
*OS = High
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TB6575FNG
Absolute Maximum Ratings (Ta = 25°C)
Characteristics
Power supply voltage
Symbol
Rating
5.5
Unit
V
V
V
DD
Input voltage
V
−0.3~V
+ 0.3
in
DD
Turn-on signal output current
Power dissipation
I
20
mA
mW
°C
OUT
P
780 (Note)
−30~105
D
Operating temperature
Storage temperature
T
opr
T
−55~150
°C
stg
Note: Without a PCB, stand-alone operation
Recommended Operating Conditions (Ta = −30 to 105°C)
Characteristics
Power supply voltage
Input voltage
Symbol
Test Condition
Min
4.5
Typ.
5.0
⎯
Max
5.5
Unit
V
V
⎯
⎯
⎯
DD
V
DD
V
−0.3
2.0
V
in
+ 0.3
Oscillation frequency
f
4.0
8.0
MHz
XT
8
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TB6575FNG
Electrical Characteristics (Ta = 25°C, V = 5 V)
DD
Test
Circuit
Characteristics
Symbol
Test Condition
= 0 V, X = H
Min
⎯
Typ.
0.7
2
Max
１
Unit
mA
mA
Static power supply current
Dynamic power supply current
I
⎯
V
V
DD
DD (opr)
SP
SP
Tin
= 2.5 V, X = 4 MHz,
Tin
Output open
I
⎯
⎯
⎯
⎯
6
V
F
= 5 V, OC, WAVE, SEL_LAP
, F , OS
MAX ST
IN
I
(H)
(L)
⎯
0
1
IN-1
V
F
= 0 V, OC, WAVE, SEL_LAP,
, F , OS
MAX ST
IN
I
−75
−50
⎯
IN-1
Input current
µA
I
(H)
(L)
⎯
⎯
V
V
= 5 V, CW_CCW, LA, V
= 0 V, CW_CCW, LA, V
⎯
50
0
75
IN-2
IN
SP
I
−1
⎯
IN-2
IN
SP
OC, SEL_LAP, CW_CCW
WAVE, LA, F , OS
V
(H)
(L)
⎯
⎯
3.5
⎯
⎯
5
IN-1
MAX
OC, SEL_LAP, CW_CCW
V
GND
1.5
IN-1
WAVE, LA, F , OS
MAX
Input voltage
V
V
V
(H)
(M)
(L)
⎯
⎯
⎯
F
F
F
4
2
⎯
⎯
⎯
5
3
1
IN-2
ST
ST
ST
V
IN-2
V
GND
IN-2
Input hysteresis voltage
V
⎯
⎯
⎯
⎯
⎯
⎯
⎯
⎯
0.45
⎯
⎯
H
WAVE, ＩＰ
= −2 mA
I
OH
OUT_UP, OUT_VP, OUT_WP
V
(H)
(L)
(H)
(L)
(H)
(L)
4.5
V
DD
O-1
I
= 20 mA
OL
OUT_UP, OUT_VP, OUT_WP
V
GND
4.5
⎯
0.5
O-1
O-2
I
= −20 mA
OH
OUT_UN, OUT_VN, OUT_WN
V
⎯
V
DD
Output voltage
V
I
= 2 mA
OL
OUT_UN, OUT_VN, OUT_WN
V
GND
4.5
⎯
0.5
O-2
O-3
I
= −0.5 mA
OH
FG_OUT
V
⎯
V
DD
I
= 0.5 mA
OL
FG_ OUT
V
GND
⎯
0.5
O-3
V
= 5.5 V, V = 0 V
OUT
DD
OUT_UP, OUT_VP, OUT_WP,
OUT_UN, OUT_VN, OUT_WN,
FG_OUT
I
(H)
⎯
⎯
⎯
0
0
10
10
L
Output leak current
PWM input voltage
µA
V
= 5.5 V, V = 5.5 V
OUT
DD
OUT_UP, OUT_VP, OUT_WP
OUT_UN, OUT_VN, OUT_WN,
FG_OUT
I
(L)
⎯
⎯
L
V
AD
(L)
0.8
3.8
2.6
⎯
1.0
4.0
3.8
940
0.5
1.2
4.2
5.0
⎯
V
SP
V
V
AD
(H)
C
SC
charge current
I
⎯
⎯
⎯
SC
µA
ms
V
SC
Fault retry time
T
V
= 4 V, SC pin = 0.47 µF
OFF
SP
Overcurrent detection voltage
V
OC
0.46
0.54
OC
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2006-3-6
TB6575FNG
Input Equivalent Circuit
1. V pin
SP
2. SEL_LAP, F , F , WAVE and OS pins
MAX ST
V
DD
V
V
DD DD
1 kΩ
Startup time
setting block
Input pin
Input pin
Internal logic
1 kΩ
Hysteresis width
WAVE : 450 mV (typ.)
3. LA and CW_CCW pins
4. OUT_UP, OUT_UN, OUT_VP, OUT_VN, OUT_WP,
OUT_WN and FG_OUT pins
V
DD
V
DD
1 kΩ
Input pin
Internal logic
Internal logic
Output pin
5. X
and X
pins
6. OC pin
Tin
Tout
V
DD
V
DD
V
V
DD DD
１ＭΩ
150 Ω
150 Ω
X
pin
X
Tout
pin
Tin
OC pin
Internal logic
200 kΩ
10
2006-3-6
TB6575FNG
MCU
7
Application Circuit Example
5 V
Duty
19
V
M
21
V
24
OS
FG_OUT
DD
Speed command
(analog voltage)
V
5
SP
OUT_UP
Startup time
setting
6-bit AD
PWM
13
15
17
14
16
18
converter
control
M
OUT_VP
OUT_WP
OUT_UN
OUT_VN
OUT_WN
SC
2
START
PWM
generator
8
IP
9
1-phase excitation
control circuit
V
DD
2
F
24
ST
Startup commutation
frequency setting
Timing
setting
F
4
MAX
Maximum commutation
frequency setting
OC
Overcurrent
protection
V
DD
22
LA
12
CW_CCW
(*1)
Lead angle setting
1 kΩ
6
SEL_LAP
20
TA75393P
WAVE
Clock
generation
Position
recognition
23
X
Tout
X
Tin
GND
10
11
1
4-MHz crystal oscillator
Note 1: Utmost care is necessary in the design of the output, V , V , and GND lines since the IC may be destroyed by short-circuiting between outputs, air contamination faults,
CC
M
or faults due to improper grounding, or by short-circuiting between contiguous pins.
Note 2: The above application circuit including component values is reference only. Because the values may vary depending on the motor type, the optimal values must be
determined experimentally.
*1: Connect a resistor, if necessary, to prevent malfunction due to noise.
11
2006-3-6
TB6575FNG
Package Dimensions
Weight: 0.14 g (typ.)
12
2006-3-6
TB6575FNG
Notes on Contents
1. Block Diagrams
Some of the functional blocks, circuits, or constants in the block diagram may be omitted or simplified
for explanatory purposes.
2. Equivalent Circuits
The equivalent circuit diagrams may be simplified or some parts of them may be omitted for
explanatory purposes.
3. Timing Charts
Timing charts may be simplified for explanatory purposes.
4. Application Circuits
The application circuits shown in this document are provided for reference purposes only. Thorough
evaluation is required, especially at the mass production design stage.
Toshiba does not grant any license to any industrial property rights by providing these examples of
application circuits.
5. Test Circuits
Components in the test circuits are used only to obtain and confirm the device characteristics. These
components and circuits are not guaranteed to prevent malfunction or failure from occurring in the
application equipment.
IC Usage Considerations
Notes on handling of ICs
[1] The absolute maximum ratings of a semiconductor device are a set of ratings that must not be
exceeded, even for a moment. Do not exceed any of these ratings.
Exceeding the rating(s) may cause the device breakdown, damage or deterioration, and may result
injury by explosion or combustion.
[2] Do not insert devices in the wrong orientation or incorrectly.
Make sure that the positive and negative terminals of power supplies are connected properly.
Otherwise, the current or power consumption may exceed the absolute maximum rating, and
exceeding the rating(s) may cause the device breakdown, damage or deterioration, and may result
injury by explosion or combustion.
In addition, do not use any device that is applied the current with inserting in the wrong orientation
or incorrectly even just one time.
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TB6575FNG
14
2006-3-6
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